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Analysis
Multi-Channel Analysis
What is it?
What is it good for?
How is it done?
Comparative Measurement
coherence / cross channel phase
Impact Testing
frequency response function / transfer function
Orbit Plots
True Orbit Plot
measure displacement
two prox probes at 90
Casing vibration
two accel sensors at 90
double integrate
Misalignment
Ellipse
Truncation
Misalignment
Shaft rub or
mechanical looseness
Banana
Inside Ellipse
Misalignment
and other problems
Sub-synchronous whirl
Figure Eight
Inner Loop
Orbit Set-up
Sample at high frequency
Low number of samples/lines
Low pass or band pass filter
Use Time Synchronous Averaging
Comparative Measurements
Cross Channel Phase
Coherence
Machine resonance
verified by 160 shift
in phase spectrum
Coherence
Compares two sensor signals
Determines:
transmission path of vibration
quality of measurement
Coherence measurement
Coherence measurement
Coherence
Determine quality of cross channel measurement
Impact machine with force hammer
Impact Testing
Impact testing
measure input (force) with modally tuned hammer
measure output (vibration) with accelerometer
Identify resonances
Measure stiffness
Determine system response
Modal analysis
Measurements
RESPONSE
IMPACT
Measurement Windows
RESPONSE
IMPACT
Measurement Set-up
Conventional systems
have complex set-up
Define values for:
% pre-trigger
duration of force window
(as % of total time record)
half-cosine taper for force
and exponential window
exponential decay factor
Measurement Set-up
Emerson offers a job template
Easy to use
Pre-configured parameters for impact test
user selects impact mode
pre-configured parameters for standard impact test
parameters may also be customized, if desired
Menu driven
guides you through the process
Modal Analysis
requires machine to be shut down
analysis across all frequencies
requires dual channel 2130 for measurements
determines ratio of response to input, no absolute amplitudes
detailed model of machine stiffness, resonances, etc.
Moving sensor
B
operating speed
any synchronous freq.
all frequencies
Fixed
sensor
Modal Analysis
1) Define structure for analysis
2) Use ch. A for a fixed sensor
(reference)
3) Use ch. B as roving sensor to
other points
4) Transfer cross channel readings
to
Modal Analysis software
5) Animate structure
- all frequencies
- natural resonance
Moving sensor
A
B
Structural Analysis