Sentence Types

(Practice on using conjunctions

Coordinators
F

COORDINATORS

Compound Sentences

d addition

or addition

The bell rang, and someone knocked on the door.

You dont have to study, nor do you have to stay
home.

alternative You can stay home and study for the exam
exam, or you
can go out and enjoy yourself.

condition

I have to study or (else) I will fail the course.

ut contrast

Dr. Joana was very sick, but she taught the class.

et contrast

Her voice was very weak, yet the students

understand her.

r cause

Dr. Joana couldnt come, for she had a sore throat.

Ive been working hard all year, so Im going to take a

result

With another student, complete the statements. When you

finish, compare sentences with another pair of students.

This course began a few weeks ago, and.

The students in the class down the hall are all men,,
but.
I didnt attend class yesterday, for.
Some students have been complaining about the
amount of homework, yet
Money cannot buy love, nor.
Some people love money more than anything else
else,
so.
Ive been working hard all my life, yet
I don
dontt have a government scholarship for studying
studying,
nor
The students must pass three out of five courses,
or
or

Paired conjunctions
j
b th
both

and
d

either

or
same
structure

same
structure

neither

nor

not only

but also

Parallel structure with paired conjunctions

Theyy want either to p

play
y tennis or g
golf*

They want either to play tennis or to play

golf.
lf
or
They want to play either tennis or golf.

Identify the mistakes in each sentence:

He either lied or telling an unbelievable

story.
The discussion was neither exciting and
interesting.
He regularly studies both in the morning
or in the evening.
She not only passed the test but also
receivng the highest score in the class.
She trained as both an accountant and in
nursing.

Combine the following sentences

using paired conjunctions

ample:
Y mustt tell
You
t ll the
th truth.
t th You
Y mustt go to
t jail
j il
Either you must tell the truth, or you must go to jail.
I will see you at home. I will see you in jail.
The coffee is not good. It isnt hot.
Sue has not arrived. She has not called.
Tom has a car. He also has a motorcycle.
Maria is coming to the party
party. Sue is coming to the
party, too.
The teachers want one week less of classes. The
director also wants one week less of classes
classes.

Possible answers:
Either I will see you at home, or I will see you
i jjail.
in
il (connecting
(
ti complete
l t clauses)
l
)
This coffee is neither good nor hot. (connecting
two adjectives)
Sue has neither arrived nor called. (connecting
two verbs))
Tom has not only a car but also a motorcycle
(connecting 2 noun objects)
Both Maria and Sue are coming to the party.
Not only the teachers but also the director
wants
t one weekk lless off classes.
l

Subordinators
after

even though
g

as soon as

whether

while

before

though

until

who

because

as

although

which

whom

how

if

unless

what

whose

as if

since

when

where

that

so that

whenever

wherever

Complex
p
sentences

Contain one independent clause and one

(or more) dependent clause(s).

One idea is generally more important than

the other one.

The more important

p
idea is p
placed in the
independent clause, while the less
important one will be placed in the
dependent clause.

How will you combine these two

ideas?

Einstein was a great physicist.

Einstein was born in 1879.

Einstein, who was born in 1879, was a great

physicist,

Einstein, who was a great physicist, was born in

1879,

(The second option is better because most

people only know that hes a great physicist;
thus, the fact that he was born in 1879 was the
more important information to deliver)
deliver).

Dependent
p
Clause

Group of words with Subject & Verb

is considered to have meaning but cant
stand alone
alone.

Consider these examples:

p
If it rains
Because shes sick
When she died
Incomplete
Its weird
Are you a nut?
What do you mean?

Now Look at the next examples:

I wont be able to come to teach you

y
Shes absent
Everybody was there

What do you think now?

Is it possible to combine these two

sentences?

Everybody was there

but

I won
wontt be able to come to teach you

How about combining these?

If it rains

I wont be able to teach you

These sentences can be combined:

Shes absent
because shes sick

Everybody
y
y was there
when she died

We can also combine two or more

complex sentences:

Shes absent because shes sick

and even if

E
Everybodys
b d th
there ,

I wont be able to come to teach you if it

rains

Some ways of combining sentences:

Use coordinate conjunctions

j
FAN BOYS
Use Subordinate conjunctions: if, because,
though, whether, after, etc.
Use conjunctive adverbs: Accordingly,
furthermore instead
furthermore,
instead, besides
besides, therefore
therefore,
etc.
Use p
punctuation
nct ation (comma
(comma, semi
semi-colon)
colon)
F A
For,
And,
d Nor,
N B
But,
t O
Or, Y
Yet,
t S
So

Dependent
p
clause can be:

a noun clause

an adjective clause

an adverbial clause

Identify what kind of clauses are

these?

When she died ((dependent

p
clause))
When she died was still a mistery for
many years.
Sh kknows exactly
She
tl th
the titime when
h she
h
died.
Her mother was there when she died.
I dont know when she died.

Now do the exercises

On page 114

Nuclear accidents can happen

pp
etc.