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Published by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association | www.NEMA.org | May 2015 | Vol. 20 No. 5
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CONTENTS
FEATURES
Promoting Safety and Innovation through Up-to-Date Building Codes......................................................8
Life Safety Benefits Tied to Adoption of 2012 IFC and IBC.........................................................................9
Safety is Not for Sale............................................................................................................................10
Hidden Hazards Call for Expert Evaluations............................................................................................11
Newer Codes Mean Better Safety in Photovoltaic Systems......................................................................12
Should It Take a Disaster to Make a Change?..........................................................................................14
Using Unlisted Products Poses Safety Risks............................................................................................16
Securing Safety in Energy Storage Systems...........................................................................................17
Total Systems Approach to Electrical Grounding Safeguards Emergency Response Centers.......................18
Grounding Systems Only as Good as Weakest Link..................................................................................20
Fire SafetyApplying Science + Technology ........................................................................................23
Outfitting Women with Flame-Resistant Garments Ensures Safety .........................................................24
The Future of Fire Safety: Are We Doing Enough?...................................................................................25
Research Unveils Dangers of Electric Shock Drowning.............................................................................26
Patient SafetyImproved Patient Outcomes.......................................................................................27
Published by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association | www.NEMA.org | May 2015 | Vol. 20 No. 5
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Safeguarding Electricity
from Plant to Plug
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Electroindustry text and cover pages are printed using SFI-certified Anthem paper using soy ink.
SFI fiber sourcing requirements promote responsible forest
management on all suppliers lands.
SFI works with environmental, social and industry partners to
improve forest practices in North America.
The SFI certified sourcing label is proof Electroindustry is using
fiber from responsible and legal sources.
electroindustry
electroindustry (ISSN 1066-2464) is published monthly by NEMA, the Association of Electrical Equipment and Medical Imaging
Manufacturers, 1300 N. 17th Street, Suite 900, Rosslyn, VA 22209; 703.841.3200. FAX: 703.841.5900. Periodicals postage paid at
Rosslyn, VA, and York, PA, and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to NEMA, 1300 N. 17th Street,
Suite 900, Rosslyn, VA 22209. The opinions or views expressed in electroindustry do not necessarily reflect the positions of NEMA
or any of its subdivisions.
Subscribe to ei, the magazine of the electroindustry, at www.nema.org/subscribe2ei
Contact us at comm@nema.org
Follow NEMA:
Newsmakers
NOTES
NEMA Officers........................................................................................................................................................................................3
Comments from the C-Suite..................................................................................................................................................................3
View from the Top..................................................................................................................................................................................4
Ask the Expert......................................................................................................................................................................................36
Listen to the Expert..............................................................................................................................................................................36
I Am NEMA...........................................................................................................................................................................................36
DEPARTMENTS
Government Relations Update................................................................................................................6
Atlanta City Council Considers Benchmarking and Disclosure.............................................................................................................6
Historic Legislation Results in Continued Access to Imaging...............................................................................................................6
NEMA Welcomes Push for Trade Legislation.........................................................................................................................................6
Electroindustry News...........................................................................................................................28
Golden Omega Award Bestowed on Susan Graham, PhD.................................................................................................................28
Kite & Key Recipient Tim McNeive Retires...........................................................................................................................................28
Bruce Schopp Bids Farewell.................................................................................................................................................................29
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Officers
Chairman
Don Hendler
President & CEO
Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc.
First Vice Chairwoman
Maryrose Sylvester
President & CEO
GE Lighting
Second Vice Chairman
Michael Pessina
President
Lutron Electronics Company, Inc.
Treasurer
Thomas S. Gross
Vice Chairman & COO
Eaton Corporation
Immediate Past Chairman
John Selldorff
President and CEO
Legrand North America
President & CEO
Kevin J. Cosgriff
Secretary
Clark R. Silcox
Kevin J. Cosgriff
President and CEO
Views
National Electrical Safety Month: Driving a Proactive Culture
Dave Tallman, Chairman of Electrical Safety Foundation International (ESFI)
Senior Vice President and General Manager, Control and Power Conversion Division, Eaton
In February 1984,
the Consumer
Product Safety
Commission
(CPSC) recognized
the need for greater
electrical safety
awareness and
launched what
was then known as Electrical Safety
Awareness Month. The following year
the initiative was honored in May, and
the longstanding tradition of promoting
electrical safety during this month began.
The growing support of this event
demonstrated the need for promoting
electrical safety awareness, which led to
the creation of the National Electrical
Safety Foundation in 1994, through a
cooperative effort by CPSC, NEMA,
and Underwriters Laboratories. The
organization later became the Electrical
Safety Foundation International (ESFI),
and has proudly sponsored National
Electrical Safety Month (NESM) each
May since 1998.
With the support of electroindustry
leaders, ESFI recently celebrated its
20th anniversary. In addition, NESM is
celebrating more than 30 years of helping
consumers and industry via a universal
focus during May.
This New Update
Notable fact: the average American home
is older than 30 years. According to the
U.S. Census Bureau, 44 percent of the
nations housing stock was built before
1970. To address this, the theme of this
years NESM campaign is That Old
House, This New Update. ESFI released
the second edition of Electrical Safety
Illustrated, which informs readers about
common hazards posed by Americas
aging housing stock, and also features a
variety of updates that can improve the
safety and efficiency of homes of any age.
Views
OSHA Updates Standards for Electric Power Generation, Transmission, Distribution Work
Bill Perry, Director of Standards and Guidance, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
Electric utilities,
electrical
contractors, and
labor organizations
persistently
championed muchneeded measures
to better protect
the men and
women who work on or near electrical
power lines. We heard their concerns
and took action.
OSHA recently revised its 20-yearold general industry and 40-year-old
construction standards for work on
electric power generation, transmission,
and distribution installations; and for
electrical protective equipment. The
changes became effective on July 11, 2014.
Workers in these professions are exposed
to a variety of significant hazards that
can and sometimes do cause serious
injury and death. Until last July,
inconsistencies between the construction
and general industry standards could
create difficulties for employers
attempting to develop appropriate work
practices for their employees.
For example, an employer replacing
a switch on a transmission and
distribution system is performing
construction work if it is upgrading
the cutout, but general industry work
if it is simply replacing the cutout
with the same model. Under the old
standards, different requirements applied
depending upon whether the work was
construction or general industry work.
Now, the requirements are the same.
The updated standards for general
industry and construction include
new or revised provisions for host and
ei
odes and standards pave the way to market creation for new, improved,
and certified technology, including electrical products manufactured by
NEMA members. Those markets cannot be fully realized, however, until they
are adopted and actively enforced by state and local jurisdictions.
For the last several decades, this has been a relatively easy lift.
But, in recent years due, in part, to the housing market collapse
in 20082009 and a growing anti-regulatory climate, we have
seen pushback on the incorporation of building safety codes
from political, not technical, circles. In the past, codes had
been updated without much attention, and through building
commissions and councils which also received little attention
by politicians.
That has now changed. Many politicians at the state level
have been sympathetic to the concerns of homebuilders and
others, and as such, have acted to support a repeal or delay
of code updates while not fully realizing the consequences
to public safety, as well as economic competitiveness in their
manufacturing sectors.
In response to these efforts, the NEMA Board of Governors
acted in July 2012 to create the Promote Safety and Innovation
through Up-to-Date Building Codes strategic initiative. This
effort is led by the NEMA Task Force on State Code Adoptions,
which is open to all NEMA members. The objectives of the
initiative are two-fold:
Oppose legislative and regulatory efforts aimed at lengthening
the de facto three-year code adoption cycle; and
Wake-Up Call
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ei
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HUBBELL SAFE
Advantage Series
Wiring Device-Kellems
www.hubbell-wiring.com
IP69k
ost people find it disconcerting that it often takes a tragedy or the loss
of life before significant changes occur in our society. Unfortunately,
and in the same fashion, the development and evolution of the National Fire
Protection Associations (NFPA) Life Safety Code (NFPA 101) is attributable to
some of this nations largest tragedies in terms of loss of life.
Building Fires
In December 1903, the Iroquois Theatre caught fire in Chicago,
Illinois. It is the deadliest single-building fire in U.S. historyat
least 605 people died. Subsequently, a committee on the Safety
to Life began development of the Life Safety Code. Theaters
throughout the country were closed for retrofitting. All exits
were to be clearly marked and doors configured so that even if
they could not be pulled open from the outside, they could be
pushed open from the inside. The mayor ordered all theaters in
Chicago closed for six weeks after the fire.
In November 1942, 492 people died because they could not
get out of the burning Cocoanut Grove night club in Boston,
Massachusetts. The club had only one operational doora
turnstile door. If you pushed from the left side and the right side
at the same time, the door would not open. As a result of this
tragedy, the NFPA, with help from NEMA, rewrote much of the
Life Safety Code to be suitable for adoption into local, state, and
federal law.
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But did we learn anything from those tragedies in the first half
of the 20th century? Would technology and adoption of new
laws stemming from the development of an expanding Life
Safety Code prevent future loss of life or is there another factor
to consider?
In 1977, the Beverly Hills Supper Club in Southgate, Kentucky,
became the third deadliest nightclub fire in U.S. history when
165 people died. It was cited as having an inadequate number of
fire escape exits. And as recently as 2003, the fourth deadliest
nightclub fire in U.S. history occurred at The Station Night
Club in Warwick, Rhode Island. One hundred people died,
and although there were four operational exits, most people
naturally proceeded toward the front door (the same through
which they had entered). The ensuing stampede filled the
narrow passageway to the door and quickly blocked the exit
completely. Patrons and staff were among those killed. Many
suffered significant crush injuries. After the fire, the NFPA
enacted strict, new code provisions for fire sprinklers and crowd
management. The owner and tour manager each received a 15year prison sentence for various code violations.
Saving Lives
While the root cause for each
emergency varies, one thing that
remains consistent is that if the
building owners had followed the
Life Safety Code to the letter of the
law, more lives may have been saved.
NEMAs efforts to continually clarify
and update the Life Safety Code save
more lives every day, but even the
loss of one life due to improperly
functioning life safety equipment
should be unacceptable. The Life
Safety Code is only as effective as it is
applied and enforced.
Every day, fire marshals and
building inspectors throughout the country inspect thousands
of buildings to ensure Life Safety Code compliance. During an
inspection, a fire marshal notes the condition of sprinklers,
alarms, emergency elevator controls, and fire extinguishers. The
fire marshal also inspects for proper containment of flammable
materials, overloaded electrical wiring, and adequate exit
signage and discharge areas for proper egress capacity. If the
inspector identifies a problem, such as a blocked fire exit, the
marshal can issue a warning or fine, and explain to the building
owner how to remedy the situation.
However, one aspect of life safety systems that often gets
overlooked is emergency lighting. According to the Life Safety
Code, functional testing of emergency lighting equipment must
be conducted every 30 days for no less than 30 seconds, and
once annually for no less than 90 minutes. The building owner
must keep available written records of the monthly visual
inspections for review by the Authority Having Jurisdiction
(AHJ). Most life safety system components do not rely on a
battery to operate, but the emergency lighting portion almost
always draws power from a battery supply. Batteries need
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www.energystorageexchange.org
and
energy.gov/oe/services/technology-development/energy-storage
17
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ei
DONT SPEC FR
WORKWEAR
THAT
WEARS
THEM OUT.
TECGEN FR is engineered to help keep your crew
cool, dry, and comfortable right from day one.
Feel the TECGEN difference. Find a distributor at
FR.TECGEN.com or call 888-607-8883.
hat assurance do you have that a ground rod and connector provide a
reliable and compliant grounding system path for current to earth?
20
21
Fire Safety
T
Fire tornado created in laboratory depicts the whirl that develops as air is channeled in a circular
pattern toward the fire. Photo courtesy of Faye Levine, FPE
22
Applying
Science + Technology
Jim Milke, PhD, PE, Professor and Chair, Department of Fire Protection Engineering, University of Maryland
Demonstrating Viability
The sensor array projects goal is to demonstrate the viability of
real-time fire information for critical decision-making through
connected, commercially-available sensors (e.g., security, fire
protection, energy management) and computer models (e.g., fire
analysis software and CAD/BIM1 software) in a well-controlled
building fire test.
MFRI burn tower (left) and a BIM depiction are used in sensor array experiments. Images by
Rosalie Wills and Andre Marshall, FPE, University of Maryland, with support from Bentley,
Siemens, and MFRI
23
Coveralls should be fitted for hip and waist sizes so excess fabric
does not get caught on equipment handles or affect mobility.
Safety First
Rosie the Riveter may have rocked the look, but rolling up
sleeves in a workplace where FR apparel is required is not an
option. When women wear unisex or mens FR garments,
personal modifications are often made for a better fit. This can
increase the likelihood of an accident in the workplace, such as
oversized clothing getting caught in machinery or coveralls with
long bodies causing trip hazards.
The body of coveralls should fit the wearer, not just the sleeveand pant-lengths.
Shirts should have adjustable cuffs to keep shirtsleeves from
riding up.
24
hile we are grateful for the experiences and quality of life that the
firefighters, the fire safety industry, and NEMA efforts have provided
to our lives, I ask, Are we doing enough to support and continue the future
of fire safety?
America Burning is a 1973 report written by the National Commission on Fire Prevention
and Control to evaluate fire loss in the U.S. and to make recommendations to reduce loss and
increase safety.
25
f you swim in freshwater anywhere near a marina and you havent heard
about electric shock drowning (ESD), you should read this.
In July 2012, four children and one young adult were killed in
separate ESD incidents at docks on freshwater lakes in just one
week. Although it is hard to distinguish other forms of drowning
from ESDs, one report attributed ESDs to more than 100 deaths.
In most cases, ESD occurs when a broken ground wire or fault in
an electrical system generates an electrical current in fresh water.
When a swimmer travels through the area, he becomes the best
conductor of the electric current and becomes paralyzed.
According to the Boat Owners Association of the United States
(BoatUS), the American Boat and Yacht Council (ABYC)
adopted standards in 2010 requiring an equipment leakage
circuit interrupter (ELCI) be installed on new boats. However,
not all boat manufacturers follow ABYC voluntary standards,
and there is no requirement to retrofit ELCIs on older boats.
Owners of docks and marinas for which electrical power is
supplied need to make sure wiring meets the requirements in
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) standards NFPA
303 Fire Protection Standard for Marinas and Boatyards and
NFPA 70 National Electric Code (NEC), Article 555.
NEMAs Electrical Connector Section contributed funds to
sponsor a study by the Fire Protection Research Foundation, a
research affiliate of NFPA, titled Hazardous Voltage/Current
in Marinas, Boatyards and Floating Buildings. The primary
purposes were to collect credible data, determine the likely
cause of drowning deaths, and identify the most appropriate
mitigation measures. John Caskey represented NEMA on the
project, while NEMA members Eaton, Hubbell, and Leviton also
contributed. Casey Grant, PE, of the research foundation, served
as project leader.
The study was conducted by ABYC, and the draft report was
completed in late 2014. According to the study, ESD is seen
principally in fresh water environments. ESD begins with an
electric fault on the dock or onboard a boat when a voltage
source comes into contact with water. As little as 10 mA of
current through the human body can cause loss of muscular
control, which may result in drowning. ESD can be fairly
insidious since the victim may not be exposed to the stray
voltage field upon initially entering the water. Further, the
voltage source may be intermittent.
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Electroindustry News
Golden Omega Award Bestowed on Susan Graham, PhD
Susan Graham, PhD, President and CEO of ELANTAS PDG, Inc. (EPDG), will
be awarded the Golden Omega Award by Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers (IEEE) at the Electrical Insulation Conference June 9, in Seattle,
Washington. It is presented biannually to an outstanding person of science,
engineering, education, or industry who has made important contributions to
technological progress. She is a member of the NEMA Board of Governors and
the St. Louis Regional Business Council. In 2008, Dr. Graham was awarded the
Distinguished Alumni Award from the University of Pittsburgh.
Under her influence, EPDG has strengthened its commitment to the companys
four guiding principles of safety, service, quality, and innovation. On the
NEMA Board of Governors, she serves as an advocate for small- and mediumsized enterprises.
She is the fourth NEMA board member and the first woman to receive
this award. ei
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ei
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www.intertek.com/ETL
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ANSI/NEMA MW 1000-2015
Magnet Wire
MW 1000 is the premier publication
for general requirements, product
International Roundup
Harmonizing Fire Alarm Standards Streamlines Certification, Facilitates Safety
Dan Finnegan, Siemens Industry, Inc. (U.S.), Fred Leber, LRI Engineering (Canada), Don Boynowski, Siemens Canada Limited,
and Dennis Rock, Edwards, a UTC Fire and Security Company (U.S.)
Certification agency approvals and
listings of products are a significant
expense for manufacturers. To
reduce this cost, the NEMA Fire,
Life Safety, Security and Emergency
Communications Section (3SB) facilitates
meetings to harmonize product
standards for use in Canada and the U.S.
33
Economic Spotlight
Coming in June
Extensive Coverage
Frequently Updated
Affordably Priced
To find out how the Electroindustry
Economic Outlook can help your
business, contact tim_gill@nema.org
(703-841-3298). ei
Visit www.nema.org/ebci
for the May 2015
Electroindustry Business Conditions
Index (EBCI) for current conditions
in North America.
and more!
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NEMA electroindustry May
2015
1
11/21/2013 11:22:00 AM
Energizing a working
smart grid to power an
even smarter tomorrow.
Eaton.com/followthecharge
2015 Eaton. All rights reserved.
We Are NEMA
Expert
Q
Ask The
I am
NEMA
Robert B. Boteler,
Nidec Motor Corporation
Expert
Listen to the
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16-21: iStockphoto.com/jgroup
16: iStockphoto.com/VladimirFLoyd
20: iStockphoto.com/teptong
22-27: iStockphoto.com/ imagedepotpro
25: iStockphoto.com/DigtialStorm
26: iStockphoto.com/infospeed
GFCIs with
Self-Test
Increase
Personnel
Safety
Its that time of
the year. Spring
has sprung and Todd Lathrop, Program
Manager, Codes and Standards,
people find
Residential & Wiring Devices
themselves
Division, Eaton Corporation
working in the
garden, building
that new swing set, and cleaning up the
pool. Many of these activities involve
plugging in electrical tools and devices.
Now is the time to make sure that your
outdoor (and indoor) power outlets,
with ground-fault circuit interrupters
(GFCIs) are properly functioning.
These are the devices that have test
and reset buttons. By pressing the
test buttons, you are verifying that the
brain of the GFCI is fully functional,
and will protect you from an electrical
shock due to a ground fault.
Working through the NEMA GFCI
Section, manufacturers and standards
developing organizations created
requirements in the UL 943 GroundFault Circuit-Interrupters standard for
the automatic self-testing of GFCIs that
resulted in an even safer product.
As a result, starting in July all 5mA
GFCI people protectors will have a
built-in self-test feature. This means
that the GFCI will be monitoring itself
to make sure its ground-fault detection
brain is properly functioning. NEMA
is about safety, GFCIs are about safety,
and I am about safety. This is why I
am NEMA!
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products meet U.S. and Canadian national standards for safety or performance. CSA Group tests and
certifies a wide range of electrical products to standards written by ANSI, UL, CSA and more. We also verify
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testing in a single, seamless program that helps meet your goals for speed, efficiency and global market
access. Contact the experts at CSA Group to discuss your next project.
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