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Version: V2.0
Released by:
This document contains proprietary information of ZTE Corporation and is not to be disclosed or used
except in accordance with applicable agreements.
Version introduction:
Version
Date
Writer
Assessor
V1.0
2005-12-1
Ma Junhua
Ma Junhua
V2.0
2009-3-12
Hu Yixiao
Ma Junhua
Amendment records
Document format standardization
This document contains proprietary information of ZTE Corporation and is not to be disclosed or used
except in accordance with applicable agreements.
Key words
TCH call dropcall drop due to RF losscall drop due to handover failurecall drop
due to LAPD link failure
Abstract:
This guidebook mainly describes types and causes of TCH call drop and the handling
procedures.
Abbr.:
References:
This document contains proprietary information of ZTE Corporation and is not to be disclosed or used
except in accordance with applicable agreements.
Contents
1
1.2
1.3
2.2
2.3
Typical cases:......................................................................................................................................10
4.1
4.2
This document contains proprietary information of ZTE Corporation and is not to be disclosed or used
except in accordance with applicable agreements.
I
Figure contents
Fig 1-1 Call drop due to RF loss...............................................................................................................1
Fig 1-2 T3103 expiresinter-cell handover failure............................................................................3
Fig 1-3 T3107 expiresintra-cell handover failure............................................................................3
Fig 1-4 T8 expiresinter-BSC handover failure.................................................................................4
Fig 3-1 Flow of handling call drops.........................................................................................................9
This document contains proprietary information of ZTE Corporation and is not to be disclosed or used
except in accordance with applicable agreements.
II
This document contains proprietary information of ZTE Corporation and is not to be disclosed or used
except in accordance with applicable agreements.
2
Old BTS:
New BTS
BSC
CHANNEL ACT
A1
HANDOVER COMMAND
HANDOVER COMMAND
SET T3103
T3103
Timeout
A2
Fig 1-2 T3103 expiresinter-cell handover failure
MS
BTS:TRX
BSC
CHANNEL ACTIVATE
A1
ASSIGNMENT COMMAND
SET T3107
T3107
Timeout
A2
Fig 1-3 T3107 expiresintra-cell handover failure
Old BTS:
New BTS
BSC
CHANNEL ACT
A1
HANDOVER COMMAND
HANDOVER COMMAND
SET T8
T8 Timeout
A2
This document contains proprietary information of ZTE Corporation and is not to be disclosed or used
except in accordance with applicable agreements.
3
This document contains proprietary information of ZTE Corporation and is not to be disclosed or used
except in accordance with applicable agreements.
4
Minimum receive level is set too low, which leads to MS suffering from call
drop in weak coverage area.
Unreasonable setting of NCC Permitted: in some networks, the serving cell and
adjacent cells may adopt different NCC, which requires input of NCC adopted
by adjacent cells in NCC Permitted. Once the setting is not reasonable, adjacent
cells of an NCC wont be detected by MS, which will result in handover
nonoccurance and call drop.
Value of radio link timer is set too small (radio link will time out soon), which
leads to call drop when it expires due to sudden deterioration in radio
environment; if its set too large, use ratio of TCH will decrease.
Definition of adjacent cell data is set wrong or not complete, which disables MS
to improve signal quality by handover, hence call drop due to signal
deterioration.
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except in accordance with applicable agreements.
5
(4) Hardware fault: such as too low output of power amplifier, big difference between
in transmission power of different carriers, faults of carrier transmitter, combiner and
divider.
(5) Antenna system fault: such as difference in down-tilt and azimuth of two
antennas; too large feeder VSWR; overlarge coverage caused by unreasonable antenna
height or down-tilt; all these will cause skip-zone coverage, thus creates isolated-island
effect and call drop is resulted.
(6) MS malfunction: for example, power-fail due to poor contact of battery, etc..
Co-BCCH and co-BSIC in target cell, high outgoing handover failure rate is
caused, thus call drop is resulted;
Inappropriate adjacent cell relation or wrong adjacent cell data, high outgoing
handover failure rate is caused, thus call drop is resulted;
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except in accordance with applicable agreements.
6
2.3 Main causes for call drop due to LAPD link failure
(1) BTS transmission problem: like interruption in transmission and unstable
transmission (on and off), etc.;
(2) BTS hardware problem: like unreliable E1, problems about CMM board and
backboard connection lines;
(3) BSC hardware problem: like problem about LAPD processing module.
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except in accordance with applicable agreements.
7
Check indicators like BER and level of idle interference band, reduce or
eliminate radio interference;
Check if coverage problem exists through DT. For weak coverage, focus on
hardware problem checking; for skip-zone coverage, focus on checking power
parameters, handover parameters and antenna down-tilt, etc.;
(11) If there are more call drops due to handover failure, the following procedures are
recommended:
Check indicators like BER and level of idle interference band, reduce or
eliminate radio interference;
(12) If there are more call drops due to LAPD link failure, the following procedures are
recommended:
This document contains proprietary information of ZTE Corporation and is not to be disclosed or used
except in accordance with applicable agreements.
8
This document contains proprietary information of ZTE Corporation and is not to be disclosed or used
except in accordance with applicable agreements.
9
4 Typical cases:
4.1 High call drop rate at Cell 1, 3 of BTS A (of a region)
Problem description
Performance indicators at OMCR show high call drop rate at Cell A-1, A-3.
Problem analysis
Get detailed performance statistics, investigate call drop cause, its found that the
main cause for call drop is RF loss. Check radio parameter settings, its found that
Cell A-1, A-3 co-channel, and its confirmed that co-channel interference exists, thus
call drop is resulted.
Problem solution
Adjust frequency, eliminate interference. Number of call drop times is obviously
reduced.
No. of TCH TCH call
No. of
occupancy drop rate
TCH call
times(inclu (including
drops
ding HO) HO)(%)
Date
Site
2005-05-20
LAC8411-CI25176
66
1161
5.68
2005-05-21
Region X _A _1_DV2
LAC8411-CI25176
32
870
3.67
2005-05-23
Region X _A _1_DV2
LAC8411-CI25176
42
1038
4.04
Region X _A _1_DV2
LAC8411-CI25176
1057
0.37
2005-05-28
Region X _A _1_DV2
LAC8411-CI25176
865
0.46
Date
Site
2005-05-20
Region X _A _3_DV2
LAC8411-CI25178
60
1399
4.28
2005-05-21
Region X _A _3_DV2
LAC8411-CI25178
25
1260
1.98
2005-05-23
Region X _A _3_DV2
LAC8411-CI25178
34
1281
2.65
1270
0.31
TCH call
drop rate
(including
HO)(%)
Region X _A _3_DV2
LAC8411-CI25178
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except in accordance with applicable agreements.
10
Region X _A _3_DV2
LAC8411-CI25178
1139
0.35
Problem solution
Try to apply out-of-band frequency (usable frequency given by operator according to
the external interference at the region). After frequency adjustment, number of call
drops reduced greatly, indicators display normal, and the problem is solved.
This document contains proprietary information of ZTE Corporation and is not to be disclosed or used
except in accordance with applicable agreements.
11
Date
Site
2005-05-23
Region X _B-3_DV2
LAC8411-CI25458
19
608
3.12
2005-05-24
Region X _B-3_DV2
LAC8411-CI25458
22
542
4.05
2005-05-25
Region X _B-3_DV2
LAC8411-CI25458
39
790
4.93
Region X _B-3_DV2
LAC8411-CI25458
703
0.28
2005-05-27
Region X _B-3_DV2
LAC8411-CI25458
826
0.12
2005-05-28
Region X _B-3_DV2
LAC8411-CI25458
495
0.2
This document contains proprietary information of ZTE Corporation and is not to be disclosed or used
except in accordance with applicable agreements.
12