3.

5
3
2.5

x1

x2

L1

0
3

L2

0 0.57142857
4
0

L3

2
0

3
0

1
0.5
0

0
3

x1
L1

0.5

1.5

x2
0
-1

1
0

0
2

2
0

-1

L3

0
0

2
0

L4

0
2

0
0

L2

x1
P1
P2
P3
P4

1.5

x2
0
0
0.5
2
0

f
0
1
1.5
0
0

0
3
5 MAXIMO
2
0

2.5

L1

0
2

4
0

-2

0
5

2.5
0

-0.5

2.5

L3

0
0

0
4

L4

0
5

0
0

L2

F
P1
P2
P3
P4

0
0
1
2
0

x1

0
2.5
2
0
0

x2

0
7.5
8 MAXIMO
4
0

x3

x4

2
1
-2

1
2
-3

1
0
0

0
1
0

0
0
1

1.5
0.5
-0.5

0
1
0

1
0
0

-0.5
0.5
1.5

0
0
1

1
0
0

0 0.66666667 -0.33333333
1 -0.33333333 0.66666667
0 0.33333333 1.33333333

0
0
1

1.5
0.5
-0.5

0
1
0

1
0
0

-0.5
0.5
1.5

0
0
1

2
1
-2

1
2
-3

1
0
0

0
1
0

0
0
1

FO
Sujeta a

30
L2
L3

1.5

2.5

3.5

4.5

2.5
2

1
-1

2
0

1.5
1
0.5
0
-1.5

Soluciones
x1

x2
0
3

-1

0.5

1.5

2.5

f
0
-1

-0.5

0
0

2
1.5
1

2
-4

0
2

1.5

0
-3

1
2

3
3

0.5
0

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

0
-0.5
-1
-1.5

4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0

b
4
5
0
1.5
2.5 x2
7.5 f

1 x1
2 x2
8f
1.5
2.5
7.5
4
5
0

x1

x2
1

2
2
1

3
1
2

8
4 <=
5 <=

4
5

L1
L2
L3
L4

0.5

1.5

2.5

2.5
2
1.5
1

L1
L2
L3

2
1.5
L1

L2
L3

0.5

L4
RF

0
-2

-1

-0.5
-1
-1.5

L1
L2
L3
L4
RF

Example 2.2 In a two-stage compressor, the working gas leaving the first stage of
compression is cooled (by passing it through a heat exchanger) before it enters the
second stage of compression to increase the efficiency [2.13]. The total work input to
a compressor (W) for an ideal gas, for isentropic compression, is given by

where cp is the specific heat of the gas at constant pressure, k is the ratio of specific
heat at constant pressure to that at constant volume of the gas, and T1 is the temperature
at which the gas enters the compressor. Find the pressure, p2, at which intercooling
should be done to minimize the work input to the compressor. Also determine the
minimum work done on the compressor.

7.1 A refinery has available two crude oils that have the yields shown in the following
table. Because of equipment and storage limitations, production of gasoline, kerosene,
and fuel oil must be limited as also shown in this table. There are no plant limitations
on the production of other products such as gas oils.
The profit on processing crude #1 is $l.OO/bbl and on crude #2 it is $0.70/bbl.
Find the approximate optimum daily feed rates of the two crudes to this plant via a
graphical method.

rst stage of
it enters the
l work input to

atio of specific
1 is the temperature
h intercooling
ermine the

n the following
oline, kerosene,
ant limitations

s plant via a

7.1 A refinery has available two crude oils that have the yields shown in the following
table. Because of equipment and storage limitations, production of gasoline, kerosene,
and fuel oil must be limited as also shown in this table. There are no plant limitations
on the production of other products such as gas oils.
The profit on processing crude #1 is $l.OO/bbl and on crude #2 it is $0.70/bbl.
Find the approximate optimum daily feed rates of the two crudes to this plant via a
graphical method.
Crudo1
Gasolina
Kerosene
Fuel Oil

Crudo 2
70
6
24

Ingreso

Mxima capacidad (bbl)

31
6000
9
2400
60
12000
0.7

METODO GRAFICO

f x1 0.7 x2

L1

Sujeta a :
0.7 x1 0.31x2 6000

0 19354.8387
8571.42857
0

L2

0 26666.6667
40000
0

L3

0
50000

MAX

0.06 x1 0.09 x2 2400

0.24 x1 0.6 x2 12000
x1 , x2 0

L4

0
0
0 26666.6667

L5

RF

20000
0

0
50000

0
0
0 19354.839
8571.42857
0
0
0

0
0

0
13548.387
8571.42857

SIMPLEX

x1

x2
0.7
0.06
0.24
-1

s1
0.31
0.09
0.6
-0.7

s2

s3

1
0
0
0

0
1
0
0

0
0
1
0

1 0.44285714 1.42857143
0 0.06342857 -0.08571429

0
1

0
0

0 0.49371429 -0.34285714
0 -0.25714286 1.42857143
2.25806452
-0.14322581
-1.11483871
0.58064516
SOLVER

1
0
0
0
x1

3.22580645
-0.29032258
-1.93548387
2.25806452

0
0

1
0

0
1
0
0

0
0
1
0

x2
0 19354.8387
FO
SA

1
0.7
0.06
0.24

n the following
oline, kerosene,
ant limitations

s plant via a

30000
25000
L1

20000

L2
L3

15000

L4
10000

L5
RF

5000
0
0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

b
0
0
0
1

6000
2400
12000
0

0 8571.42857
0 1885.71429

x1
x2

8571.42857
0

MAX

f x1 0.

Sujeta a :

0.7 x1 0.31x2 6

0 9942.85714
1 8571.42857

8571.42857

0
0
0
1

x1
x2
f

0
19354.8387
13548.3871

19354.8387
658.064516
387.096774
13548.3871

MAX

f x1 0.

Sujeta a :

0.7 x1 0.31x2 6
0.06 x1 0.09 x2

0.24 x1 0.6 x2 1
x1 , x2 0

0.7 13548.3871
0.31
6000 <=
0.09 1741.93548 <=
0.6 11612.9032 <=

6000
2400
12000

Produccin
P1
P2
MaxCap

UA

Max

UB
0.4
0.6
5000

0.3
0.7
5000
10000

L1
L2
L3
L4
L5
RF

50000

MAX

60000

f x1 0.7 x2

Sujeta a :
0.7 x1 0.31x2 6000

MAX

f x1 0.7 x2

Sujeta a :
0.7 x1 0.31x2 6000
0.06 x1 0.09 x2 2400
0.24 x1 0.6 x2 12000
x1 , x2 0

UC

Max Prod
0.5
4000
0.5
7000
5000

RVP
Alkylate
Cracked
Straight
GAA
GAB
GM1
GM2

x51
1750.40

ON(0)
5
8
4

ON(4)
94
84
74

108
94
86

RVP
7
8

TEL

ON
0 80
4 91
4 87
0 91

x52

x53

x54

2203.27

0.00

Dispon
4000
2500
4000
Ganancia
5
5.5
4.5
4.5

x61
46.33

x62
540.98

1959.02

x5

x6
4000

<=

x7
2500

<=
4000

x1
4000

3765.77

<=
2500

4000

(RVP)1
(RVP)2

5.04 <=
5.50 <=

7
8

ON(0)1
ON(0)4

84.73 >=
94.00 >=

80
91

ON(4)2
ON(4)3

95.59 >=
87.00 >=

91
87

x63

x64
0.00

x71
0.00

x72
1474.38

x73
2525.62

x74
0.00

0.00

x2

x3
6687.90

x4
0.00

46.33

FO
55820.787

Min
x1
Z
sujeta a

x2
0
15

1.5
12

1
2

2
-4

18
3 >=
-6 <=

3
5

MAX
y1

w
Sujeta a

y2
6

1
2

2
-4

18
6 <=
12 <=

15
12

y
1

FO

1 MIN

Sujeta a

0 <=
2 <=
1 >=

0
2
0

VI
N
VD
L/D
L
A
CL
C
Cp
Cs
Cx
Cf
Cd
Cb

2.25
2250
32.5
6575
38200
30
10
8000
4000
3000
2000

(L/D)

H
F
D
Nmin
(L/D)min
K

2
1500
1000
5
1
0.01
2.25