WaterWaste Processing Magazine

May 2015
www.waterwaste.com
S O LU T I O N S F O R WAT E R - P RO C E S S P RO F E S S I O N A L S
ANALYTICS
How the waters will be counted
Tanks & coatings

Screening technology
Liquid-transfer quick connects
Case study: Disposal & recovery in mining
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Write In 100
Write In 101
In This Issue
Productivity Perspectives 4
A quick end to inadequate capacity 6
Water treatment facility increases storage, meets need to
remove iron from drinking water
Paste thickening optimizes tailings disposal

and water recovery 8
At Khumani iron ore mine, high-rate primary-slurry and secondary
paste thickeners combined for high-percentage process-water reuse
Ozone reduces concentrate stream color...12

Reverse-osmosis stream reduced to less than 30 true-color units
Surge of non-dispersible debris impacts

wastewater pump stations 14
Sun City lift station employs screen-technology solutions to
remove effluent debris from narrow- and deep-channel pump
stations
Cooling-system longevity often governed

by heat-transfer fluid choice 18
Microbrewery one example of needs general to food & beverage
News in Brief 20
New Product Spotlight 22
Advertiser Index 24
14
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2 May 2015 | Water/Waste Processing | www.waterwaste.com
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THE
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S O LU T I O N S F O R WAT E R - P RO C E S S P RO F E S S I O N A L S
OEM / System
Integrator
GLOBAL
SOLUTIONS FOR THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES
Where Technology Meets Technology
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Write In 102
Steps made toward measuring

mass quantities
By Kevin Parker, Editorial Director
Over the last 1,000 years, numbers have
coming out of the Department of Defense.
analytic solutions, having it all together
been applied to every aspect of our work
If anything calls out for the measurement
and leisure. The measure of time, space,
and analysis of its mass quantities it is wa-
formation, says Mark Cowley of operations
matter and effort pervades mechanics,
ter. We already see the emergence of smart
software vendor, Flex Systems.
chemistry, physics and virtually every other
water networks and even smart cities. Yet
science and art.
when it comes to the on-going colonization,
talking. Its important and more or less
I mean computerization, of lived worlds, the
par for the course, says Kevin McFadden
cepts of arithmetic generalize an enor-
biggest single challenge remains integra-
of scale and instrument provider Mettler
mous amount of experience and reflect,
tion, as successive generations of comput-
Toledo, to move weigh scale readings into
in abstract form, those relationships in the
ers are installed on top of those preceding,
a database for portal information-sharing.
actual world that are met with constantly
like Romes Catholic churches serenely
Thats something we do well, whether the
and everywhere.
sitting atop buried pagan chapels.
application is small or large.
This is so, it is said, because the con-
Its pretty impressive. But you havent
This is clearly the case in water indus-
speeds the validation and availability of in-
Its the same with machine-to-machine
What must be more common and
seen anything yet, compared to whats
tries. To be successful with smart water,
what is more challenging is moving a rel-
coming.
says Gian Francesco Imperiali, head of
evant set of this operations data to the level
Thats because every single human
ABBs water-industry sector initiative, smart
of the business systems. Data historians act
endeavor that numbers have managed to
grid solutions must be seamlessly inte-
as an intermediary in this regard.
worm their way into over the last 10 centu-
grated with other systems, which include
ries, the computer, in only the last 50 years,
traditional meters as well as cyber-security
SAP and Oracle realized a decade ago the
has followed. Now, with billions of comput-
and analytical software.
future wasnt recording transactions and
Large business-system vendors such as
ing nodes in place, the mass collection of
But established technologies and appli-
managing resources, but making full use
data has begun. We have the sheer com-
cations werent meant as system solutions.
of the data, including in ways that cant be
putational power, databases and algorithms
A great deal of restructuring is required for
foreseen.
to analyze that data in ways unrealizable
automation and control, analytical tools, cy-
through human intuition or insight.
ber security and cloud storage to function
uses of big data, super-computing and
together, Imperiali says.
plant-floor to top-floor computing exist,
Computers plus data analytics already

not only beat humans at chess, they tell
us how to play baseball, basketball and
football. And they never bore you with
Many outstanding examples of industrial
including in the water industries.
More down to earth

Mobile computing allows capture of
anecdotal stories about the old days, like
thousands of data points recorded daily
coach did.
and the store of results in SQL databases.
What were saying is that soon it will be

everywhere.
From there, logic is applied to the data
Quantities & qualities

As far as exploiting super-computing, the
oil & gas industry builds terrestrial models
as complex and data-intensive as anything
along parameters that include temperature,

pressure and ph. Automated reports and
relevant work orders are generated.
When a facility has operator, lab and
Kevin Parker, Editorial Director

kparker2@grandviewmedia.com
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Write In 103
Drinking water
A quick end to
inadequate capacity
Water treatment facility increases storage,
meets need to remove iron from drinking water
specially during high-demand
Calvert Spradling Engineers, West Point,
periods, the North Lauderdale
Mississippi.
Water Assoc. of Bailey, Missis-
The reason for it happening was inade-
sippi, was challenged to remove
quate storage. During high-demand periods,
iron from its drinking water.
treated water was sucked through the filters.
When first established in 1966, the as-
sociations footprint consisted of a single

well pumping 250 gallons per minute,
A glass-fused-to-steel tank
meant less construction, no
backfill but some drainage
work.
This prevented them from working efficiently

to remove the iron and other organics.
Spradling and his colleagues modified
a quotation for a glass-fused-to-steel tank,

says the companys Marc Nichols.
one iron-removal filter, about 62 miles of
the treatment process for additional stor-
distribution lines and two 200,000-gallon
age capacity, allowing the treated water
x 10 ft., 200,000 gallon Aquastore tank
storage tanks.
from the filters to gravity flow into a clear
from CST Storage would support the
well tank. But for that, a tank was needed.
modified treatment process. And on that
Today the association includes seven

wells and four iron-removal treatment
plants. Distribution lines have grown to
cover about 800 miles and there are six
It did so after determining that a 59 ft.
basis, Southeastern Tank was awarded the
Costs sunk in concrete

The wrinkle there was that the price for
project.
In order for the gravity-fed system to
storage tanks, for a combined treatment
the kind of concrete storage tank that it
work with an above-ground tank, the plant
of 3,120 gallons per minute and storage of
was first assumed would be used for the
site had to be reworked to help with drain-
1.2 million gallons.
project turned out to be significantly higher
age. Control ditches and drainage pipes
than budgeted.
were installed. Backfill was not required
The problem at the water treatment facility was that the treated water was shortcircuiting filters, says Stanley Spradling of
That gave Southeastern Tank of Lebanon, Tennessee, an opportunity to furnish
as a means to partially bury the tank. That

saved construction time and money.
Previous page: Additional storage capacity allowed the North

Lauderdale Water Assoc. to do a better job of removing iron from
its water.
Processings Technology Portals include videos, white papers, articles and

product information on the latest industry solutions from leading equipment and
instrument suppliers. Solution categories covered include conveyors, electromagnetic flowmeters, sight-flow indicators and much more.
The tank was completed and installed

on-time.
techportals.processingmagazine.com
As noted, the additional storage means

the plant can now pump 800 gallons per
minute and store 1.2 million gallons per
day. In addition, iron further settles out in
never needs painting.

The Southeastern Tank Team is profes-
gineered Storage Products Co., producer

of brand names Aquastore, Harvestore and
the tank, helping to improve water quality
sional, with especially good attention-to-
Slurrystore, with Columbian TecTank (CTT).
for 4,000 customers.
detail, Spradling concludes. They do an
The company has several fabrication and
excellent job providing accurate estimates
engineering centers in the U.S. Its head-
as many projects have a one- to two-year
quarters is in Kansas City, Missouri.
Accurate lead times mentioned

Spradling says the association is
lead time.
CST Storage
extremely pleased with the performance

of the Aquastore. The interior and exterior
CST Storage is a global provider of mod-
coatings have stood up well and the tank is
ular, factory-coated bolted storage tanks for
pretty well maintenance free.
dry-bulk and liquid applications in munici-
Besides its fast, economical construc-
pal, industrial and agricultural markets. The
tion and low maintenance costs the tank
company is the result of the merger of En-
www.cstindustries.com/cst-storage
Write In 300
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Membrane Technology
intelligent thinking...clean water
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Write In 104
www.waterwaste.com | Water/Waste Processing | May 2015 7
Mining industry
Paste thickening optimizes tailings

disposal and water recovery
At Khumani iron ore mine, high-rate primary-slurry and secondarypaste thickeners combined for high-percentage process-water reuse
By Jim McMahon
is critical, prompting mining operations to
explore the most efficient options for water
reclamation in tailings disposal.
In Perus huge mining sector, and similarly in Brazil, stiffer environmental regulations
are in place for mining operations today.
Once tailings dams are a failure risk, near
capacity or unstable, only immense capital
investment can rectify the situation. Yet,
many mines could minimize or delay exorbitant cost by reducing water volumes put
into their tailings disposal facilities. They
would thereby improve capacity and stability, while reclaiming more water for reuse in
Mine tailings are the ore waste of mines, and are typically
a mud-like material. The storage and handling of tailings
are a major environmental issue. Shown is the traction
thickener at Khumani.
upstream washing, screening and jigging.
Location given
Water reuse in mining tailings disposal
Mine tailings disposal, and its impact on

water usage, is an important concern for
has been applied worldwide.

Yet today, less than 1 percent of iron ore
is particularly critical in arid and semi-arid

environments where water availability is
any mining company. The challenge today,
mines employ systems for paste thicken-
limited and usage closely regulated by
whether extracting aluminum, zinc, gold or
ing, despite its benefits for tailings disposal
government mandates for example, in
iron ore, is how to dispose of tailings mate-
optimization.
the semi-arid climate of South Africa. There,
rial such that it is contained and stable,
Nevertheless, mining projects in devel-
one iron ore mining operation has success-
while maximizing water reuse and minimiz-
oped countries conform to stringent water
fully adapted its tailings disposal and water
ing surface footprint.
conservation and environmental standards
reuse procedures to this environment, i.e.,
in tailings disposal, and developing na-
the Khumani iron ore mine in Northern
an increasingly important method to ad-
tions too are instituting significant steps to
Cape Province.
dress many of the environmental problems
require water reuse and mitigate environ-
facing the mining industry. Pasting was
mental damage.
Paste, or thickened tailings, has become
originally developed by the alumina indus-
In Chile, for example, where coastal de-
try in the 1970s, and for the past 20 years
salinization plants are needed, water reuse
Iron-ore deposits are found about 60

kilometers north of the Beeshoek mine
on the Bruce, King and Mokaning (BKM)
farms, adjacent to Kumbas Sishen iron ore
mine. The Khumani mine is part of Assmang Ltd., jointly owned and controlled
percent of the slurry water by volume.
increase in throughput capacity.

The thickeners operate as clarifiers, return-
Most mining facilities would then deposit
by African Rainbow Minerals Limited and
ing the bulk of clarified water to the main
the tailings slurry direct into a tailings pond
Assore Limited.
plant at the combined hydraulic flow rate
at about 40 percent to 50 percent solids. But
Since 2008, Khumani has produced

about 16 million tons of product annually.
of 525,000 to 635,000 cubic feet per hour.
this high-rate primary thickener was inad-
These thickeners recover approximately 90
equate to produce slurry densities required
After primary and secondary crushing,

iron-ore processing involves wet washing
and screening, jigging, and fines recovery using de-grit cyclones. It all requires
Now in stock!
water in large volumes and the mines

success is dependent on water recovery.
This area is a semi-arid climate, yet it
supports a number of large mining opera-
P O W E R - S E A L
tion and assorted infrastructure, so there
High Performance
Butterfly Valves
is a limited quantity of water available
Manual and Automated
for distribution by the Sedibeng water
ANSI/ASME Class 150# and 300#
management board, says Thomas Du
316SST and WCB Wafer and

Lug Bodies
tions, and an ever-growing local popula-
Toit, metallurgical manager, Assmang Iron

Ore. This created a number of challenges for the Khumani mine, as our preferred
process involved wet processing, but we
did not have the available water.
Rubber Seated and

High Performance
Butterfly Valves
from 2 24 in
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High evaporation rates were a fact of

life and suitable sites were lacking for a
conventional tailings facility, continues Du
Toit, We needed to design a system that
could recover most of the water, and not
lose a large percentage to evaporation.
Thickeners as clarifiers
To maximize water reuse, the Khumani
plant contracted with WesTech Engineer-
High Performance
Butterfly Valves featuring:
RTFE and Firesafe seat design
Live loaded - Application specific
stem packing
Direct actuator mounting featuring
TRIAC pneumatic and electric
actuators and control accessories
-100F thru 1100F
temperature range
ing, Inc. to design and implement a twostage tailings thickening process. The first
stage consists of two primary high-rate
traction slurry thickeners, each 295 feet in
diameter, situated at the main plant. The
first was installed in 2008, with the opening of the mine. The second was added
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Write In 105
Mining industry
for the desired water reclamation.
WesTechs solution used paste thicken-
hour to 300 tons per hour. Volumes up to
in layers of less than 4" to ensure effective
450 tons per hour can be buffered in each
drying and consolidation.
ing technology to facilitate a second-stage
of the secondary paste thickeners for short
tailings thickening process. Dilute slurry
periods of time. The paste thickeners re-
ment of compacted earth embankments
from the primary thickeners is pumped a
cover at least 75 to 80 percent of the water
into which the tailings stream is deposited.
distance of approximately three miles to
by volume from the primary thickeners,
Construction is phased, with the facility built
an area with adequate storage capacity for
increasing total water reclamation in excess
to accommodate tonnage expansions.
the expected 25-year life of the mine to
of 95 percent. These rates ensure adequate
feed two 59-foot diameter paste thickeners
capacity in the thickeners to achieve high-
ing process delivers substantial benefits,
at the plants paste disposal facility. The first
density paste.
Lake says. Not only does it recover water,
paste thickener was put into place in 2008,

and the second installed in 2012.
Size of the two secondary paste thick-
The facility was designed as an impound-
Khumanis secondary paste thicken-
which can be reused in the plant, but it also
Dimensional relationships
The paste disposal facility requires a
leaves less water in the deposit site. In a

paste disposal, because of the nature of
eners was determined from the residence
minimal solids concentration of approxi-
paste tailings, the particles within it are well
time required for the slurry to reach terminal
mately 58 to 60 percent by mass, in gen-
distributed.
solids concentration, says Philip Lake,
eral. This is due in part to enable pumping
WesTechs international business unit
of the thickened slurry to the outer limits of
microns in size, are uniformly intermixed
leader. Each accommodates feed ton-
the dam wall using centrifugal pumps, but
with the finer material of less than 20 mi-
nages varying from a minimal 147 tons per
also to allow the material to be deposited
crons.
As Lake explains, coarse particles, 200+
Accurate, versatile
chemical pumps
Cut chemical costs through
higher accuracy metering
Simple drop-in installation
eliminates ancillary equipment
Range expanded to include the
Qdos 60: low rates from 0.001
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tool-free maintenance
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Write In 106
4/8/15 11:57 AM
Therefore, in the non-segregating

deposit, he explains, this homogeneous
particle distribution facilitates water being pulled up to the surface by capillary
suction where it can be evaporated. In addition, the beach angle of the deposition
The system provides longterm environmental and cost

efficiencies that few, if any
other iron ore mining facility,
can realize.
FEED
LIME, D.E., P.A.C.,

FLUORIDE ADDITIVES
AND OTHER DRY
CHEMICALS
forces frees water to accumulate at the

low point of the PDF, to be collected and
reused by the plant.
The Khumani project demonstrates it

is possible to build and operate a wet
processing iron ore mining operation in
Explaining a difference
The process is quite different, however,
an arid environment where water supplies

are limited, providing an integrated design
in a conventional slurry tailings dam,
philosophy and sound engineering prac-
Lake continues.
tices are in place.
The slurry segregates into coarse
Two-stage water recovery and paste
material that settles out first at the deposi-
disposal has been successfully imple-
tion point, he says, and the ultra-fines
mented at Khumani Iron Ore Mine in a
are carried further into the tailings facility.
unique installation, by any standard, Du
Because the ultra-fines have segregated
Toit says. Combined use of primary and
from the coarse material, they do not tend
secondary thickeners in iron ore mining
to settle over time, and the free water on
has rarely been implemented.
the tailings pond cannot be reclaimed for

reuse, as is.
The result is a long-term wet deposition with liquid fractions inside the tailings
pond, which if breached can result in dam
Simultaneously meter and

convey dry treatment chemicals
to tanks, pools and processes
from silos, bulk bags, manually
dumped bags or any source
Conveys vertically, horizontally
or at any angle; over short or long
distances; over, under or around
obstructions
Inexpensive to purchase and operate
low maintenance
Available integrated with Flexicon bulk
bag unloaders and bag dump stations
A large 295-foot diameter primary thickener is integrated with a secondary paste

thickener located three miles away at the
paste disposal facility.
The system provides long-term environmental and cost efficiencies that few,
with paste deposition where balanced
if any other iron ore mining facility, can
distribution of course and fine particles,
realize, Du Toit says.
DD-0330
failure. This condition is unlikely to occur
coupled with reduced water content,

deliver compact space use and better
structural integrity within the tailings dam.
An additional benefit is that paste tails
Jim McMahon writes on wastewater and

environmental solutions.
WesTech Engineering develops and
tend to dry and form a hard crust. Con-
makes water and wastewater treatment
ventional tailings have a fine powder
process equipment for power genera-
deposition that can create dust pollution.
tion, mineral, and industrial applications
Studies indicate thickened paste tailings
USA
sales@flexicon.com
1 888 FLEXICON
worldwide.
CHILE
UK
AUSTRALIA
SINGAPORE
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(0)1227 374710
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6778 9225
(0)41 453 1871
can reduce tailings dam construction up

to 40 percent, both in material quanti-
WesTech Engineering
ties and capital costs, and allows flexible
www.westech-inc.com
options for dam locations, compared to
Write In 201
2015 Flexicon Corporation. Flexicon Corporation has registrations and

pending applications for the trademark FLEXICON throughout the world.
conventional slurry systems.

Write In 107
Quality management
Ozone reduces concentrate

stream color
Reverse-osmosis stream reduced from
62 to less than 30 true-color units
and is used to facilitate organic breakdown.
To start, several oxidative treatment
processes were piloted in efforts to reduce
concentrate color.
Based on pilot-testing results, the city
chose the Summit Series system from
Pinnacle Ozone Solutions, Cocoa, Florida.
The ozone system chosen was selected
based on its perceived ability to offer the
greatest functionality and lowest total
lifetime cost. It is able to match ozone production to real-time demand via automatic
control of the ozone generator platform and
three injection process trains using ondemand controls.
In practice, it is said, so-called corona
discharge is the only practical way of makThe ozone allows recovery and treatment of up to 750,000
gallons per day of water supply that otherwise was discharged to waste.
The city of Palm Coast, Florida, was experiencing elevated color in a concentrate
stream typically directed to a lime-softening
ing ozone in the quantities required for

municipal scale applications. Pinnacle says
the lime plant. It would also be the lowest-
its differentiator is a modular ozone cell is
cost alternative.
calls the "Quadblock." The call has a high
Having decided on the best course of
frequency power supply and microproces-
facility for recovery as drinking water.
action, both project-budgeting and -sched-
sor control connected to four flat-sheet
Water-quality efforts directed at meeting
uling issues were significant challenges
ceramic dielectric elements, allowing for
the lime plants secondary-color standards
for the city in its efforts to receive grant
compactness, energy efficiency and mini-
limited the concentrate volume able to be
funding.
mal maintenance.
Ozone-related innovation
Onward to installation
recovered.
In consultation, Palm Coast city staff and
Sanford, Florida-headquartered CPH Engi-
As is well-known, ozone is an inorganic
Pinnacle Ozone Solutions worked with
neers identified use of ozone as one good
molecule with the chemical formula O3. It is
city staff and CPH engineers to implement
way to reduce color from the concentrate
a pale-blue gas with a distinctively pungent
a comprehensive ozone system. Pinnacle-
stream. Pilot-testing demonstrated that
smell. Ozone is a powerful oxidant and has
provided pilot equipment and process-
ozone could effectively address the color
many industrial applications. Ozonation is
optimization services were used to validate
issues and improve concentrate quality to
the process of infusing water with ozone
the applications parameters. An integrated
receiving the purchase order.
Lucida Xu, senior engineer, CPH
Installation was completed
Engineers.
working with the contractor
Pinnacle Ozone Solutions is
Sawcross, Inc., of Jacksonville,
headquartered in Cocoa, Florida,
Florida. At startup and testing,
at the heart of Floridas Space
initial system results exceeded
Coast high-technology corridor.
performance goals. Pinnacle
Its work is devoted exclusively
delivered and substantially com-
to ozone design, development,
pleted a fully integrated ozone
manufacture and testing.
system within the schedule

needed to receive grant funding.
The improvement made in water color was clearly visible to the eye.
www.pinnacleozone.com/
Write In 202
design approach culminated
ozone dose based on both
in specification of an onsite
dissolved-ozone and dis-
included Brian Matthews, envi-
oxygen generator, modular
solved-color. Dissolved-ozone
ronmental specialist; Jim Hogen,
ozone generator, closed-loop
probes provide feedback to
utility systems manager; and
chiller system, Venturi-based
the controls for the ozone-in-
Peter Roussell, utility systems
ozone-injection system and
jection process. However, the
chief operator all of the city of
ozone-off gas-destruct system.
dissolved-color meter provides
Palm Coast, Florida; as well as
The ozone system was im-
the final-compliance point and
Contributors to this article
plemented in the fall of 2014.
allows for automatic adjust-
It reduces organic-based color
ment of the ozone dose. The
of the low-pressure reverse-
integrated system automati-
osmosis system concentrate
cally adapts and compensates
stream. As significant, in an
for changes in the plants
innovative and unique treat-
concentrate-water quality.
ment application, this pretreated concentrate stream is

processed as an alternative
As mentioned, a significant project challenge was
softening facility.
budget and schedule. To
The process allows recovery
A STRESS-FREE
POLYMER SOLUTION
Final words
water source at the citys lime
IPM Systems ParaDynePD

activates polymer more effectively
than other mixers, providing
decreased polymer usage. With
a no-clog spring in the check
valve and the extended
mechanical seal life.
qualify for available Florida
and treatment of up to 750,000
Department of Environmen-
gallons per day of alternative
tal Protection and St. Johns
water supply that otherwise
River Water Management
would have been discharged
District grant funding, the city
to waste. Dissolved color of
needed to complete the entire
the concentrate stream was
ozone project in less than six
reduced from 62 to less than
months. Pinnacle Ozone Solu-
30 true-color units.
tions manufactured and de-
A unique aspect of the

project is control of the
Pinnacle Ozone Solutions
livered all the ozone-process

equipment within six weeks of
Relay Logic Control

Nema 4X Controls
Diaphragm Pump
Compact Stainless Steel Frame
Loss of Water Protection
Maintenance Free Skid Conig.
4225 NE Port Drive,

Lees Summit, MO 64064
ipm-sys.com 855-328-9200
Write In 108
Filtration
Surge of non-dispersible debris

impacts wastewater pump stations
Sun City lift station employs screen-technology solutions to remove
effluent debris from narrow- and deep-channel pump stations
By Patrick Roberts
Pump stations are on the front

lines when it comes to attack
from non-dispersible products.
and cosmetic wipes.
For decades, plant operators dealt with
periodic plugs, but more use of disposable
wipes and other non-dispersibles accelerate the problem for wastewater treatment
systems.
Impact on pump stations

Found upstream from treatment plants,
pump stations are on the front lines when
it comes to attack from non-dispersible
products. Station upgrades primarily
focus on pump replacement, leaving the
To compensate for higher concentrations of non-dispersible
debris, many plant operators have had to increase liftstation pump horsepower to maintain flow rate.
Its a fact and somewhat uncomfortable making that wet-wipe consumption
relatively intact.
There they clog screens, jam equipment,
original-equipment coarse-bar screens

intact. These screens, some installed 30 to
40 years ago, with 2 to 2-1/2 openings,
may have performed well for decades, but
has almost tripled the past decade, accord-
and increase maintenance, repairs and
now prove inadequate to stop increased
ing to industry analyst Smithers Pira.
costs. According to the Association of the
non-dispersible flows, meant to pump right
Nonwoven Fabrics Industry (INDA), field
through to treatment plants. The headworks
clean, convenient and easy to use. But pa-
tests conducted with utilities show that
in many plants, however, also utilize coarse
per towels, diaper liners, cleaning clothes
the wastewater system impact of non-dis-
screening, allowing non-dispersibles to
and hygiene-, cosmetic- and baby-wipes
persible debris breaks down to 50 percent
negatively impact pump and mixer opera-
reach wastewater-treatment plants and
paper towels, 25 percent baby wipes, and
tions a costly outcome.
pump-station manual bar racks and pumps
25 percent hygiene, household cleaning
For consumers, wipes are effective,
Not all of the non-dispersibles make it
through the pump stations. Debris cleanout, maintenance and repair has to be
done more often. Draining the pipes and
disposing of waste plugging at the lift stations is tedious and unsafe work within
tight space constraints. Workers enter lift
Consequently, indicates Griffith, the
Pumps pushed non-dispersible debris to the plant several

miles away, where it ended up
weaving itself into "big masses
of material."
stations 30 to 40 feet underground, wear-
pumps pushed most of this non-dispersible

debris to the plant several miles away, where
much of that ended up weaving itself into
big masses of material that would jam the
plant pumps and mixers. It was costly.
Earlier, we had switched-out our existing
ing Tyvek suits, rubber gloves and safety
screening technology, installed in the late
lift station pumps to larger 250 horsepower
glasses, and carry the waste material
1970s, says Douglas Griffith, operations man-
slurry pumps, which were much bigger than
up flights of stairs for disposal in waste
ager, EPCOR Water. The upstream coarse 2"
what we needed for the flow, but necessary
receptacles above ground a labor-
screen was very inefficient, letting just about
to deal with the debris. This solved our flow
intensive and costly operation.
everything through that was smaller than a bed
rate problem, but the lift station was still
sheet or a towel. The screen was not designed
passing on all of this debris to the plant,
higher concentrations of non-dispersible
to deal with a high volume of non-dispersibles
says Griffith.
debris, many plant operators have had to
that the lift station was experiencing.
Whats more, to compensate for
increase lift-station pump horsepower to

maintain flow rate.
Examples success
Reducing the impact on costly-tomaintain-and-replace plant systems can
be mitigated by better managing non-dispersible debris upstream, at the lift stations. An excellent example of how this
can be achieved is the recent upgrade to
the Arizonas Sun City lift station, owned
and operated by EPCOR Water.
EPCOR Water is a utility company
WANGEN pumps are used in my

wastewater treatment plants
because robust and reliable
technology is essential.
based in Edmonton, Alberta. It manages

numerous municipal water and wastewater
treatment facilities throughout Canada and
the United States. Its a division of EPCOR
Utilities, Inc., which builds, owns and oper-
Cities across the world, such as Mexico City,

Rome or Shenzhen, rely on WANGEN
progressing cavity pumps
in our robust Wangen
design.
ates electrical transmission and distribution

networks throughout Canada and the U.S.
The company provides water and wastewater services to more than one million
people in over 85 Western Canadian comWangen America, Inc.
Wood Dale, IL 60191
phone: (847) 201-3121
info.usa@wangen.com
munities and industrial sites. It is also the

largest private regulated water provider in
Arizona and New Mexico.
What we had was very antiquated
www.wangen.com
The Pumps Experts. Since 1969.
Write In 109
Filtration
Trouble downstream
of the debris material before it gets to the lift
Yet not all the non-dispersible debris

passed through the lift station pumps.
Some was trapped in the coarse screen
The vertical-bar screen system

is meant for narrow- and deepchannel lift stations.
and needed to be cleaned out about every

two weeks. Two workers descended 30
pumps.
When I first saw a demonstration of the
system, I could see that it would fit into
the existing Sun City Lift Station channel,
We were looking for a solution that was
Griffith says. That meant there would be
feet underground through a narrow vertical
cost-effective, Griffith says. And some-
no need for demolition or excavation. I also
passage to remove the material and bring it
thing that would fit into our narrow existing
liked the fact that there were no bottom
back to the surface.
channel.
bearings, and that it utilized a strap instead
Cleaning debris from the lift station
The system selected, Screentec, from
screen was very awkward and unsafe,
Aqualitec Corp., is an automated vertical-
strap than I would bearings, chains and the
says Griffith. We were progressively having
bar screen system designed specifically
lubrication required.
to do this more and more frequently. We
for narrow- and deep-channel lift stations,
definitely knew it was time for an upgrade.
headworks, wet wells and manholes. The
of chains. I would much rather maintain a
Fixed it up
Most solutions that Griffith and his team
screen has 1/2" openings, significantly
Screentec has no moving parts under
examined for improved screen performance
smaller than Sun Citys prior 2" coarse
grade level, for easy and safe maintenance
at the station involved major demolition and
screen. All wastewater flow is diverted
by operational staff, and minimal mainte-
excavation, with costs exceeding one mil-
through the system, then back out again.
nance costs. An automatic rake system
lion dollars. Thats not what was wanted.
The system effectively removes 75 percent
pulls the debris to the top, where a scraper
Misalignment leads to increased vibration, premature seal or bearing

failures, and increased power consumption. Theres no excuse to let
misalignment cost you money. Protect your machines and minimize
costly downtime through precision laser shaft alignment.
Our equipment and support are the industry benchmark to Keep it Running.
305.591.8935 | www.KeepItRunning.com
Write In 110
ROTALIGN Ultra IS
A PRFTECHNIK product
Laser Alignment, Flatness,
Straightness and more!
puts it into a screw conveyor which then

Compare hundreds of products and services from the top manufacturers in the process
industries with Processings online Buyers Guide. Browse by manufacturer or product
category to find the ideal solution for your application. Download white papers and case
studies, view product demos and more.
conveys it into a 20-cubic-yard dumpster.

The debris from the lift station fills one
dumpster weekly.
The more we can screen out up-
www.ProcessingMagazine.com/Buyers-Guide
stream at the lift station, the less we have

to deal with at the wastewater treatment
facility, Griffith says. We stopped a lot
of that material from meandering through
the plant and ultimately taking out equipment. We also protected the pumps at
the lift station, keeping any heavy debris
What makes the SONIC-PRO a Superior Ultrasonic Flowmeter?
Hybrid Operation. Ultrasonic Transducers.
from getting through. Every time a pump

gets clog up it causes a wearing issue.
As a final note, as an added benefit,
because of the greatly reduced debris
flowing through the lift station pumps,
EPCOR believes it can now downsize to
much smaller 135 horsepower pumps.
Patrick Roberts writes on water and
wastewater solutions.
Aqualitec Corp. is a U.S. distributor
of wastewater equipment for municipal
and industrial applications. Its product
lines include screening equipment, such
as vertical bar screens, multiple-rake
screens, drum screens, inclined cylindrical screens, static screens, conveyors/
compactors, washer compactors, grit
classifiers and motorized rotary brushes.
Contact Erwan Ouattara, executive director; 310-703-2174;
eouat-
tara@aqualitec.com.
Aqualitec Corp.
www.aqualitec.com
Write In 203
IP66
NEMA 4X
WASH DOWN
Write In 111
Food & beverage
Cooling-system longevity
often governed by
heat-transfer fluid choice
Norwegian microbrewery one example of needs
general to food & beverage
By Dr. Phil Gray
Automobiles dont need constant mainte-
Behind the beer
nance today the way they did, say, 30 years

ago, and the same expectation is found
Lindesnes Brygghus engaged with En-
today in industry. Reliable systems keep
ergy Rent AS, specializing in refrigeration
maintenance to a minimum and output to
and process cooling, to find its cooling sys-
plan.
tem, and the heat-transfer fluid that would
In this regard, choosing cooling systems
be used with it.

Kilfrost Cooltrans SustainCTS fluid is
in the food & beverage industry is governed
a 1,3-propylene glycol-based concen-
by several factors.
For one, any heat-transfer fluid used
trate fluid (Bio-PDO) manufactured from
within a system must have low toxicity, and
corn-sugar, a more sustainable choice
ensure product as well as process-plant
than petroleum-derived 1,2-propanediol
employee and customer safety. Productivity-wise, poor-quality heat-transfer fluids
Using poor-quality heat-transfer fluids is problematic. The

author says mixing quality water with inhibited glycol delivers greater reliability and effectiveness.
cause regular maintenance, leaks and even

system failures.
Microbrewery Lindesnes Brygghus was
established in Lindesnes, Norway in 2011,
selling beers golden, dark and bitter, at
(mono propylene glycol). As the heat

transfer fluid is used in an indirect cooling
process, with potential risk of contact with
and value against overhead. They required
beverages, it is important that the fluid is
a cooling system that would last and pay
non-toxic, non-hazardous and free from
return on investment.
carcinogenic, mutagenic and reprotoxic
Again, in this regard, when it comes to
(CMR) additives.
Bio-PDOTM-based heat-transfer fluids
more than one hundred locations. Brew-
heat-transfer fluids, glycol-based fluids are
ery production and storage is all about
not particularly corrosive in concentrate
offer specific performance advantages over
temperature control and a brewery needs
form. But once mixed with water, corrosion,
petroleum-derived propylene glycol-based
effective and reliable cooling and refrigera-
bacterial growth and scaling can become
transfer fluid. With the same level of freeze
tion to ensure product safety and longevity.
an issue. The cooling systems life span is
protection, viscosity is 33 percent lower
Heat transfer fluids are a vital part of these
directly dependent on fluid quality.
viscosity at -20 degrees C, which means an
systems.
On the other hand, using an inhibited
improved low-temperature viscosity profile
As a market newcomer, Lindesnes Bryg-
glycol mixed with water of sufficient quality
that translates into improved hydraulic
ghus needed confidence it could supply on
can improve the reliability and effectiveness
performance and lower system pressure
time and at capacity, while ensuring quality
of systems.
drops.
For example, a 40 percent v/v solution

(solute concentration expressed in vol-
Specs and standards

An international standard created by the
energy when compared to standard propylene glycol. Further reductions are also pos-
ume/volume percent) of mono-propylene
American Society for Testing and Materials,
sible due to the performance advantages
glycol-based fluid requires up to 2.4 times
or ASTM International, for corrosion testing,
that the bio-PDO offers as a heat-transfer
more pumping energy than a 40 percent
known as the ASTM D1384-05, gives a
fluid in the end application.
v/v solution of Cooltrans SustainCTS at -10
good indication of the corrosion protection
degrees C.
and resistance to degradation that a heat
Besides improved low-temperature

hydraulics, an inhibited glycol also provides
transfer fluid offers.

A heat transfer fluid that meets ASTM-
Dr. Phil Gray is specialty fluids technical

manager at Kilfrosts Specialty Fluid Division.
With U.S. headquarters in Boca Raton,
significantly higher thermal stability, being
D1384-05 corrosion-test standards maxi-
Florida, Kilfrost is a market leader in de-
up to four times more resistant to oxida-
mizes equipment longevity and minimizes
icing and anti-icing products for the aviation
tive degradation than standard propylene
otherwise unnecessary shutdowns and
and transportation industries. Its Specialty
glycol-based fluid.
repairs.
Fluids Div. produces heat-transfer and
The impact poor-quality fluids have on
Use of glycol in manufacture of heat
cooling systems shouldnt be underestimat-
transfer fluids will help minimize carbon
ed, says Morten Magnusson, managing
footprint and greenhouse gas emissions in
Kilfrost
director, Energy Rent. To give customers
industries using cooling.
www.kilfrost.com
confidence in our systems, high-quality

fluids are specified.
The manufacture of corn sugar-derived
industrial fluids.
Write In 204
glycol (bio-PDO) uses up to 40 percent less
Write In 112
News in brief
Algae from wastewater could
remove harmful nutrients
As well as recovering renewable energy,
scientists found they could easily grow
the process removes excess nutrients from
high-value strains of oil-rich algae while
the wastewater. It also requires no chemi-
simultaneously removing more than 90
a feedstock for production of algae-based
cal fertilizers, making algae production
percent of nitrates and more than 50 per-
biofuels, according to a new study at Rice
sustainable.
cent of phosphorous from wastewater.
Municipal wastewater could be used as
According to a report by the university,
University.
The researchers conducted experiments at a wastewater treatment plant

in Texas using 12 open tanks that were
OIL AND GAS
WATER AND WASTEWATER
MARINE - MARPOL V
Solids Control/Crude/Fuel Oil
Sludge/FOG/Polymers
Multicrusher Ocean/Food Waste Grinding
continuously supplied with filtered wastewater from the plant's clarifiers, which
remove suspended solids from sewage.
A range of environments were tested
in each tank. Some were monocultures
of oil-rich algal strains, while others
contained mixed cultures. Some tanks
contained fish that preyed upon algaeeating zooplankton.
PROCESS INDUSTRY
Paint/Coatings/Latex
Earlier research had suggested that

a variety of algal species might perform
better in open tanks and that fish might
DURABLE, RELIABLE & INNOVATIVE.

CUSTOM FLUID HANDLING SOLUTIONS
FOR DEMANDING PROCESSES.
prevent yields being affected by algaeeating zooplankton, explained study

co-author Evan Siemann, a professor of
biosciences at Rice University.
However, this study showed prolific
Cost-Effective
FLOOD CONTROL
Disaster Relief/Emergemcy Services
algal growth in all 12 tanks. Monocultures
Access the wet end quickly

and easily
were not invaded by other algal species,
Minimize Life-Cycle Cost
and the presence of fish did not affect
Reduce Downtime
any variables. Our results are likely to
No removal of pipe or drive

systems necessary
be very encouraging to algae producers

because the case they would prefer
monocultures with no fish and no crosscontamination was the case where we
saw optimal performance, Siemann said.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Aluminum Oil Skimmer Pump
Australian stormwater system

improves water quality
The Australian Capital Territory (ACT)
government has launched a multi-million
dollar stormwater harvesting network to
Rotar y Lobe Pump
Multichopper
Multicrusher
Rotorrake
Contact america@boerger.com, visit w ww.boerger.com or call 612.435.7300
Write In 113
improve water quality and also enhance

the water storage capacity of Lake Bur-
ley Griffin in Canberra, Australia.

At a cost of A$11 million ($8.3 billion),
novative wastewater treatment process based
the cutting-edge stormwater system is
material, called Nyex. This material is claimed
the first of its kind in Canberra.
to remove organics, emerging contaminants
Launched by the Minister for the En-
and micro-pollutants from wastewater and
vironment Simon Corbell on Friday April
is regenerated in-situ in the novel organics
destruction cell (ODC) process.

The technology was spun out of Manchester
on its own graphene-based proprietary
University's School of Chemical Engineering.
10, the Inner North Reticulation Network

will recycle and clean stormwater used
in public spaces, providing up to 500
megaliters of stormwater annually for this
purpose and replacing the high-quality
drinking water previously used.
Corbell commented: This is a prime
example of water sensitive urban design
that will improve water quality in Lake
Burley Griffin, help the city adapt to
climate change, and provide recreational
Flexible component concept

for optimizing valve manifolds and
reducing parts stock
facilities in the form of wetlands and

green ovals. He added: Such infrastructure slows stormwater runoff, helping to reduce peak flows during storms.
It is expected to reduce sediment and
nutrients in our waterways by over 50%,
thus contributing to better water quality.
Stormwater runoff that ends up in Canberra's lakes includes pollutants such as
nitrogen and phosphorous, which cause
algal blooms.
The stormwater will be captured via
newly constructed wetlands at Dickson,
GEM Extendable plastic multi-port valve blocks simplify

plant design and future expansion:
Lyneham and Flemington Ponds, which
Reduction of plant footprint by using modular valve blocks
are wildlife habitats as well as recre-
Saves cost of piping and joints
ational spaces.
Fast and simple installation
Funding secured for new

industrial wastewater
treatment process
Cost-effective: can extend blocks at a later date; saving

more space and resources than conventional plant
A U.K.-based water treatment compa-
www.gemu.com
ny is launching a series of demonstration
3800 Camp Creek Parkway

Building 2600 Suite 120 Atlanta, Georgia 30331
678-553-3400 Fax: 404-344-9350 info@gemu.com
installations in industrial treatment facilities after securing 4 million ($6 million)

in a new round of investment funding.
Arvia Technology has developed an in-
Write In 114
4/16/20152015
10:44:21 AM
www.waterwaste.com | Water/Waste Processing | May
21
wstWater_201505_GemuIsld.indd 1
New Product Spotlight

Extended Range of Diaphragm
Valves
Originally, this specially sealed valve
version was developed from the GEM
601, 612 and 673 basic types to suit particular
customer requirements, and the new GEM
673P9 version will now extend the current portfolio. The valve is available in
nominal sizes DN 8 to DN 50 and has
an additional seal provided by silicone
O-rings that seal the interior of the bonnet housing from the outside. This prevents, among other things, lubricant that is normally
used for lubricating the spindle from leaking when autoclaving. It
also prevents moisture and dirt from entering the bonnet interior.
The GEM 673P9 diaphragm valve is autoclave-capable and
sterilizable, as well as CIP/SIP capable. As with the basic types,
a standard seal adjuster and optical position indicator are also
integrated in the new version. The valve bonnets are also suitable
for use on multi-port valve blocks and tank valves.
GEM
Nanotech for Wastewater

Treatment
The PrO2 series from Aqua
Bio Technologies uses nanotechnology to treat wastewater
with increased effectiveness
and improved efficiency, while
saving costs, time and energy.
The PRO2 Series works by
inundating the aerobic bacteria
with oxygen they need to consume large amounts of waste and
render it harmless. Through cutting-edge nanotechnology, the
PRO2 injects concentrated streams of oxygen-rich micro-bubbles
into the targeted waste streams, enabling bacteria to consume
up to 95% of organic waste. Not only does this result in dramatic
reduction in sludge hauls, but the energy efficiency of the PRO2
reduces aeration costs by 75% or more.
Aqua Bio Technologies

www.aquabio.co/pro2.html
Write In 206
www.gemu-group.com
Write In 205
Peristaltic Pump for Single-use

Systems
With development based on extensive

feedback from customers, Watson-Marlow
Pumps Group has launched its 120 cased
peristaltic pump range. The 120 pumps
are perfectly suited to single-use systems
where no contamination can be accepted.
Ultimately the 120 pumps have been developed to increase the low-flow capabilities of the company's product range for
applications in the biopharm sector. The market need for the 120
range is well understood, with customers voicing their own mantra,
keep it small, keep it simple. As a result, Watson-Marlow has
produced a pump that is focused on size, performance and easeof-use. Ultra-compact and stackable for multiple feeds like pH
control, antifoam, nutrient and buffer addition, the 120 offers the
ideal combination of size and technology to optimize the process.
Hybrid Ultrasonic Flowmeters

Sonic-Pro Hybrid Ultrasonic flowmeters
measure flow rate using either
Doppler or Transit Time methods.
Non-invasive clamp-on transducers
work with both clean and dirty fluids, with a high capacity flow velocity
range of up to 30 feet per second (9 meters
per second). Sonic-Pro can be configured
and controlled remotely via RS-232, RS-485, USB or Ethernet.
View real time flow and download data log files remotely on a
Windows PC. Additional features include: Easy reading backlit
LCD; data logged to standard SD card format supplied with unit;
isolated 4-20 mA output - fully configurable; 0 1000Hz Pulse
Output - fully configurable. Housing is NEMA 4X (IP 66) wash
down. Sonic-Pro may be ordered with the optional T-Track
mounting system.
Blue-White Industries
Watson-Marlow Pumps Group
www.blue-white.com
www.watson-marlow.com
Write In 208
Write In 207
Powder and Liquid Delivery
Isolated Device Coupler
System
Hapmans Solidquid powder and
liquid delivery system automatically and precisely delivers dry
bulk ingredients into a motive
liquid stream to convey slurries, solutions or suspensions
into your mix tank, blender or other
process equipment. In addition to dramatically reducing mix times, the Solidquid instantly
creates non-viscous mixtures, which provides downstream
processing efficiencies, reduces energy costs, creates less dust,
and uses less floor space when compared to other pre-mixing
options. Material can be discharged from a bulk bag unloader
into a feeder, which volumetrically or gravimetrically measures it
into a solids eductor. The Solidquid also works with vacuum
conveyors or flexible screw conveyors so material can be manually pulled into the system for processing minor ingredients. The
Solidquid operation creates a high-velocity jet that pulls dry
material through the wetting cone.
Hapman
www.hapman.com
The new FieldBarrier R4D0-FB-IA

from Pepperl+Fuchs is a diagnosticenabled isolated device coupler
for FOUNDATION Fieldbus H1 and
PROFIBUS PA instruments. The very
compact FieldBarrier is DIN rail mounted
in Zone 1/Div.2 environments and connects eight to
12 instruments with intrinsic safety in Zone 0 1/Div.1 environments. The FieldBarrier provides advanced fault diagnostics and
isolation at the spur, enables live work on the trunk or spurs and
supports plug-in surge protectors. The result is simplified installation, improved troubleshooting and maximized plant uptime. At
the spur, advanced fault protection isolates conditions such as
short circuit, jabber or bounce and advanced diagnostics detect
installation quality issues for optimum segment availability. Internal components such as the terminator are connected without
wiring, and connections requiring maintenance are minimized.
Critical components are designed with redundancy or monitored
for degradation to ensure high product integrity.
Pepperl+Fuchs
www.pepperl-fuchs.us
Write In 210
Write In 209
Turbidity Sensor
Endress+Hauser introduces
the Turbimax CUS52D turbidity
sensor for process water filtration
and other industrial process turbidity conditions. The Turbimax
CUS52D performs laboratoryquality turbidity measurements
without the need for extensive bypass installations, avoiding costly product or water losses. The sensor measures turbidity from
0.000 to 4000 NTU with accuracy of 2% of measurement 0.01
NTU at process temperatures from -4 to 185 F with a detection
limit of 0.0015 NTU. The sensor measures turbidity in accordance
with ISO 7027. The Turbimax CUS52Ds surface minimizes the
build-up of biofilms and particulates. The ability to operate at high
pressures (up to 145 psi) makes suppressing air bubbles possible. For bypass operation an optional air bubble trap catches
smaller air bubbles. In particularly challenging cases, the CYR52
ultrasonic cleaning system can be installed on a flow cell or even
right on the existing pipe to prevent and remove surface contamination and bubbles without direct product contact.
Endress+Hauser
www.us.endress.com/cus52d
Write In 211
Write In 115
New Product Spotlight

Conductivity/TDS/Salinity Tester
Vacuum Evaporation Technology
ULTRAPEN PT1 is
Myron Ls groundbreaking new Conductivity/TDS/Salinity tester.
The PT1 pen features the accuracy and stability of benchtop
lab equipment with the convenience of a pen. Constructed of
durable aircraft aluminum, this pen is fully potted for extra protection with an easy-to-read LCD and one-button functions. The PT1
is an indispensable instrument in the water quality professionals
toolkit. This instrument is designed to be extremely accurate, fast
and simple to use in diverse water quality applications. Advanced
features include the ability to select from three different solution
types that model the characteristics of the most commonly encountered types of water; proprietary temperature compensation
and TDS conversion algorithms; highly stable microprocessorbased circuitry; user-intuitive design; and waterproof housing.
A true, one-handed instrument, the PT1 is easy to calibrate and
easy to use. To take a measurement, you simply press a button
then dip the pen in solution. Results display in seconds.
Mitigate the rising cost of wastewater disposal by recycling and

reusing water with EVALED Vacuum
Evaporation and Distillation technology from Veolia Water in
partnership with PRAB Fluid Filtration. Featuring heat pump vacuum
evaporators, mechanical vapor
recompression and hot water / cold
water vacuum evaporators, EVALED handles capacity ranges
of 40 to 52,800 gallons of wastewater per day for treatment and
recycling. These vacuum evaporators operate as a closed loop
system with discharge streams for concentrate and distillate without any air emissions. EVALEDs low energy consumption and
reliable, efficient operation deliver a return on investment that can
often be measured in months.
Myron L
PRAB Fluid Filtration

www.wastewater.prab.com
Write In 213
www.myronl.com
Write In 212
Advertiser Index
Adedge Technologies .......................................................................7
Load Controls, Inc. .........................................................................19
Aplus Finetek Sensor, Inc. ..............................................................23
Ludeca .............................................................................................16
A-T Controls ......................................................................................9
Myron L Company ......................................................... Back Cover
Blue-White Industries......................................................................17
Plast-O-Matic Valves, Inc. .................................. Inside Back Cover
Boerger ............................................................................................20
Process/Flow Network ......................................................................3
CST Industries .....................................................Inside Front Cover
Processing Technology Portals....................................................... 5
Flexicon Corp. .................................................................................11
Rosedale Products ..........................................................................1
GEM ...............................................................................................21
Wangen Pumpen .............................................................................15
IPM Systems....................................................................................13
Watson-Marlow Pumps Group .......................................................10
!
W
NE
Write In 116
Write In 117

WaterWaste Processing Magazine

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WaterWaste Processing Magazine

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May 2015

Tanks & coatings

Case study: Disposal & recovery in mining

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2 May 2015 | Water/Waste Processing | www.waterwaste.com

SOLUTIONS FOR THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES

Where Technology Meets Technology

A Vast Audience, Diverse Media Options

Steps made toward measuring

Over the last 1,000 years, numbers have

coming out of the Department of Defense.

analytic solutions, having it all together

been applied to every aspect of our work

If anything calls out for the measurement

and leisure. The measure of time, space,

and analysis of its mass quantities it is wa-

formation, says Mark Cowley of operations

matter and effort pervades mechanics,

ter. We already see the emergence of smart

software vendor, Flex Systems.

chemistry, physics and virtually every other

water networks and even smart cities. Yet

science and art.

when it comes to the on-going colonization,

talking. Its important and more or less

I mean computerization, of lived worlds, the

par for the course, says Kevin McFadden

cepts of arithmetic generalize an enor-

biggest single challenge remains integra-

of scale and instrument provider Mettler

mous amount of experience and reflect,

tion, as successive generations of comput-

Toledo, to move weigh scale readings into

in abstract form, those relationships in the

ers are installed on top of those preceding,

a database for portal information-sharing.

actual world that are met with constantly

like Romes Catholic churches serenely

Thats something we do well, whether the

sitting atop buried pagan chapels.

application is small or large.

This is so, it is said, because the con-

Its pretty impressive. But you havent

This is clearly the case in water indus-

speeds the validation and availability of in-

Its the same with machine-to-machine

What must be more common and

seen anything yet, compared to whats

tries. To be successful with smart water,

what is more challenging is moving a rel-

says Gian Francesco Imperiali, head of

evant set of this operations data to the level