Scope of work:

Scope of work covers the engineering analysis and coordination study of Electrical
equipments of NSPCL, Bhilai Power Plant-2 and submission of recommendations in
terms of relay settings, load flow studies and neutral grounding study (tuning
of Peterson's coil etc.) for improving system reliability and protection enhancement.
Scope of work includes following studies.
1.
2.
3.
4.

Load Flow study

Short Circuit Study
Relay Coordination Study
Neutral grounding Study

All studies shall be performed in accordance with the latest applicable IEEE and
ANSI standards.
System Description:
NTPC-SAIL power Company Ltd (NSPCL) is a joint venture of NTPC &SAIL located at
Bhilai, Chhattisgarh. Power Plant-2 of NSPCL, Bhilai is a captive power plant of Bhilai
Steel plant and its total installed capacity is 74MW (2x30MW+1x14MW).
PP2 is feeding BSP at three voltage level through two no's of dedicated 132Kv lines,
8no's of 11Kv and 8no's of 6.6Kv feeders. SLD of the complete scheme attached for
reference. 132Kv Bus coupler between Tie line-1 & 2 is under commissioning, the
same was not shown in the SLD.
The

Generators

are

ungrounded,

and

the

6.6Kv

is

an

indirectly grounded through Peterson's coil.

Inputs provided by NSPCL
1. Topological data (single line diagrams for normal operating condition,
indicating the detailed configuration of all substations).
2. Existing relay settings on each feeder & substations.
Load Flow Studies:
Scope of work under load flow studies includes studying the performance of network
during normal operation and identified network scenario will be investigated with
load flow calculation. The load flow studies are to be carried out to find the voltage
profile and active & reactive power flow under steady state condition for various
operating modes and captive generations of the system.

A load flow study is performed for the considered system scenario. The load flow
analysis uses a full Newton-Raphson AC load flow algorithm and considers the
following aspects:
1. Voltage profile (voltage magnitude and angel per bus bar)
2. Active and reactive power flows (per branch and shunt element)
3. Equipment loading
The results are documented in suitable reports, results tables, and single line
diagrams. The load flow study of the existing system configuration is submitted to
NTPC SAIL Power Company Ltd for approval. The results of this load flow study are
discussed with NTPC SAIL Power Company Ltd and deviations shall be either
remedied by updates to the network model or be reasoned appropriately.

Short Circuit Analysis & Study:

In short circuit analysis & study performance of network to be examined under three
phases and single phase fault condition. Therefore the maximum and minimum
phase and earth fault currents will be calculated.
The short circuit study is carried out according to IEC60909 or latest.
For the evaluation of the short circuit stress, the maximum 3phase short circuits for
each bus will be evaluated. Both the initial short circuit current & peak current will
be calculated under maximum fault condition. Maximum 3phase short circuits and
minimum 3phase short circuits (for protection co-ordination) will be calculated.
Based on the grounding method of the network the min single phase short circuits
will be calculated, too.
The results are reviewed and analyzed, with special focus on possible violations of
the valid normal operating conditions. Adequacy of switchgear for calculated faults
shall be checked as per standards such as ANSI C37.010 and C37.13 and possible
recommendations to be made based on the analysis.
The results of the calculation are documented in single line diagrams with the main
short circuit characteristics showing the fault contribution from various network
elements.
The results are documented in suitable reports, results tables.

Protection Co Ordination Study;

The Protection Relay Coordination Study includes reviewing the existing protection
concept and the existing protection settings. This document contains a proposal for

checking Overcurrent protection coordination for phase and earth fault overcurrent
and differential protection for generators and transformers.
Scope includes prepare coordination time-current characteristic curves to
determine the required settings/sizes of the protective devices to maximize
selectivity.

The utility upstream protective device feeding the facility shall be

maintained as the upper limit for coordination. These settings shall be obtained by
the preparer, along with any other protective device setting requirements.

The

curves shall be created through the use of the study software package, but must
reflect actual protective devices to be installed. Adequate time-current curves shall
be generated to depict coordination. In addition, protective device characteristics
shall be suitably determined to reflect calculated short-circuit levels at the location.
A narrative analysis shall accompany each coordination curve sheet and describe
the coordination and protection in explicit detail.

Areas lacking complete

coordination shall be highlighted and reasons provided for allowing condition to

remain or provide solution to resolve situation. System coordination, recommended
ratings, and setting of protective devices shall be accomplished by a registered
professional electrical having rich experience in the coordination of electrical power
systems.
Data collection:
The relay schematic diagram, relay details (including relay type, manufacturer,
ordering number), voltage and current transformer data and existing relay settings
are provided by NSPCL.
The protection co-ordination study will be based on the short circuit calculation
results given by other part of this study.
1. Maximum 3-phase short-circuit current under maximum condition (for normal
operation and emergency operation)
2. Minimum 3-phase short-circuit current under minimum condition (for normal
operation and emergency operation)
3. 1-phase short-circuit current under minimum condition depending on the
neutral grounding (for normal operation and emergency operation)
Following protection relay will be studied and checked for appropriate setting,
1. Overcurrent Protection (Incomer, outgoing, bus coupler, tie feeder)
2. Distance protection
3. Unit Protection (Generator and Transformer)

Review of Unit Protection and differential protection

Relevant protection functions of Generator and Transformers will be checked and if
necessary missing relevant functions will be added. Furthermore, appropriate
settings will be reviewed and adopted if necessary.
Review of Overcurrent Protection Settings
Overcurrent relays from High voltage, medium voltage and upto secondary of
11/6.6kV transformer feeders are considered. Selectivity and adequate speediness
for isolating the faulty area are reviewed for Phase-to-phase and phase-to-earth
faults.
Protection coordination study for overcurrent protection will be based on the data
collection

and

regarding

the

minimum

and

maximum

short-circuit

current

conditions. Existing settings are given by the NSPCL. The network with the existing
settings will be modeled in the Software. This program will be used for checking
selectivity of overcurrent protection for phase and earth faults. It is used to
document

grading

paths

for

selected

typical

grading

paths.

All

relevant

characteristic data of the plant equipment and overcurrent settings including fuses
and low voltage breakers are considered upto largest. The selectivity for each
grading path is shown in a Current-Time-Diagram.
1. Transformer feeders protected by Overcurrent Protection
2. Bus Couplers protected by Overcurrent Protection
Adaption of protection concept and existing settings
Furthermore if settings of determined overcurrent and generator / transformer
differential relays show unselectively or too long tripping times, settings will be
adopted to improve the protection system of the network.
Documentation
A protection coordination report will be prepared with grading diagrams of existing
settings, grading diagrams for modifications, explanations and setting tables for
relevant parameters for necessary protection functions. It will be send to the NSPCL
as pdf file.

Neutral Grounding Study;

Scope includes will performing Grounding study with the following scope:
1. Analysis of existing scheme of neutral grounding in the 11 kV& 6.6Kv
systems.

2. Calculation of minimum and maximum earth fault currents for different

3.

possible operation scenarios.

Assessment of existing neutral grounding scheme regarding earth fault
protection, operation and level of earth fault current and proposing

recommendation in terms of tuning of existing Peterson coils & NGTs.

4. Assessment of alternative neutral grounding scheme regarding earth fault
protection, operation and level of earth fault current.
5. Determination of electrical parameter of neutral grounding equipment
6. Any important necessary recommendations based upon the analysis in the
neutral grounding study report
Project deliverables/ Report
The main Project Deliverable is the Final Report comprising a text document and
further annexes as appropriate. It will be provided as soft copy and hard copy (up to
three copies). All project deliverables are in English language.
Single line diagrams and charts with selected calculation results are also provided in
soft copy. Further relevant data of intermediate and/or final project results may be
provided in suitable format and quantities.
Within 7 calendar days from receipt of formal Project Deliverables, especially the
Final Report, NSPCL shall check completeness and correctness of the deliverables
and approve or comment.