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Casting procedures
Definition :
Casting procedure is the process of converting the
wax pattern into a metal restoration ready for
cementation.
-After preparation is completed, tissue retraction is
done and an impression is taken. A stone
working cast will be obtained. Wax pattern and
spuring is carried out on the removable die.
-Investing, burning out of wax and casting of metal,
then finishing and polishing of the cast crown
will be the last step in construction of all metal
crown.
I- Wax pattern
Definition :
It is the process of rebuilding the
prepared teeth, on the removable
die, by wax using direct and\or
indirect technique.
2) Correction of defects:
There are may be small effects in the die
resulting from caries or previous
restorations that are under cut with respect
to the path of withdrawal of the new
restoration. It is convenient to block them
out on the working die with zinc phosphate
cement.
2) Addition method:
To obtain a bulk of the wax pattern, then
carving is carried out. This is done by
melting the wax and dropping it on the die
using a heated carver until complete bilding
of the pattern, and then carved by sharp
carver. The main drawback of this
technique is due to strain collected from
multiple addition of wax tends to release
with time and subsequently distort the wax
pattern.
Wax instrument
P.K.Thomas wax instrument consist of :
1- wax addition.
2- wax carving.
3- wax burnishing.
Internal Surface.
Forming a closely adapted internal
surface is the first step in waxing. The wax
must
reproduce all retention features of the
restoration.
3) Cervical margin
1) The margin should be checked and corrected.
Some prefer to readapt the margin by burnishing
immediately before investing.
2) The margin is not over extended may affect the
gingival after applying the restoration leading to
gum recession, or under extended which may
cause caries around the margins. The bulge margin
also is biologically not accepted.