Arithmetic: Decimals, Fractions

and Percentages

Conversion: Decimals into Fractions

4 units

4.276

6 thousandths

In this section we revise ideas of decimals and work on writing decimals as fractions.

Recall that the number

means

2 tenths 7 hundredths

0.01

0.1

1 thousandth

1 hundredth

1 tenth

Words

1
1000

1
100

1
10

Fraction

Decimal

0.001

The table below shows how to write the fractions you need to know in order to write decimals as
fractions:

Example 1

Write these numbers in order, with the smallest first:

0.7, 0.17, 0.77, 0.71, 0.701, 0.107

Solution

Note: It is, perhaps, easier to see this if we first write all the numbers to 3 decimal
places,

i.e. 0.700, 0.170, 0.770, 0.710, 0.701, 0.107

The required order is:
0.107, 0.17, 0.7, 0.701, 0.71, 0.77

175 7
100
4

(f)

0.007

(d)

(e)

(b)

0.471

0.070
(f)

(c)

0.32, 0.23, 0.2, 0.301, 0.3

0.17,

(c)

(d)

0.19,0.9,

0.82,0.4,

0.47,

(b)

0.16,0.601,

0.61,

(a)

0.91,

0.78,

0.106,

0.157

7.042

0.79

0.28

0.661,

Write each list of numbers in order with the smallest first:

0.714

(a)

1.75

(b)

(e)

(a) 0.1

(d) 0.07

0.25

0.9

(f)

(c)
0.001

0.3

0.616

(note that fractions larger than 1, such as this, are

often referred to as improper or vulgar fractions)

0.132

What is the value of the 7 in each of these numbers:

(f) 1.75

132 33
250
1000

100

47

4 1
1000
250

100

(e)

3. Write each of these decimals as a fraction, giving them in their simplest form:

2.

1.

0.47

(e) 0.132

Exercises

(d)

(c) 0.004

0.09

(b)

10

0.7

0.47

(a)

Solution

(d)

Write these numbers as fractions, where possible giving them in their simplest
form:
(a)
0.7
(b)
0.09
(c)
0.004

Example 2

6.

5.

9.

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)

What percentage are blue?

What percentage are neither red nor blue?
What percentage are red or blue?
What fraction are red?
What fraction are neither red nor blue?
What fraction are red or blue?

a. What percentage choose rice?

b. What fraction of the children choose rice?

In the school canteen, children can choose chips, baked potato or rice. One day 50%
choose chips and 26% choose baked potatoes.

a) What fraction of the children have chosen chips?

b) What percentage of the children have chosen chips?
c) What percentage of the children have not chosen chips?

There are 200 children in a school hall, eating lunch. Of these children, 124 have
chosen chips as part of their lunch.

Copy and complete this table:

15

Example 4
Write these fractions as percentages:

Solution:

(d) 5%

(a) 42%
(h)

(e)

(b)
3%

8%

37%
(i)

(f)

(c)
15%

10%

20%

(d) 0.4

(a) 0.14
(h)

(e)

(b)
0.04

0.03

0.72
(i)

(f)

(c)
0.7

0.9

0.55

(d)

(a)
64%

70%

50%
(h)

(e)

(b)
98%

15%

30%
(i)

(f)

(c)

56%

25%

80%

Write these fractions as percentages:

(g)

Write these percentages as fractions in their simplest forms:

(g) 0.18

Write these decimals as percentages:

(g) 22%

Write these percentages as decimals:

Exercises
1.

2.

3.

4.

14

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

(j) 0.71

(g) 0.05

(k)

(h)

0.87

0.003

(l)

(i)

0.201

0.017

(g) 0.048

(d) 0.006

(a) 0.4

(k)

(h)

(e)

(b)

0.006

0.84

0.012

0.08

(l)

(i)

(f)

(c)

0.108

0.328

0.162

0.54

Write each of these decimals as a fraction and simplify where possible:

(j) 0.014

(a)

0.008

0.6 ?
5

(b)
?(e)
125

0.012

0.14

? (f)
250

?
50

(c)

0.016

0.18

?
125

?
50

Write down the missing numbers:

(d)

(a) 1.2

(e)

(b)

4.008

3.02

(f)

(c)

5.015

4.12

Write these numbers as improper fractions in their simplest form:

(d) 3.62

(e) 0.06 0.3

(c) 0.71 0.62

(a) 0.7 0.6

(h)

(f)

1.7 0.21

(d) 8.21 0.31

(b) 0.8 0.3

0.42 0.002

Calculate, giving your answers as decimals and as fractions:

(g) 8.06 0.2

(a) 0.20

? 0.47

? 0.81

(d)

(b)

0.92 ? 0 .58

0.42 ? 0.53

Write the missing numbers as decimals and convert them to fractions in their simplest
form:

(c) 0.91

(a) 0.0001

(d)

(b)

0.123491

0.0009

Convert these decimals to fractions:

(c) 0.00021

(b)

(d)

(f)

(a) 0.00008

(c) 0.00102

(e) 0.000224

0.0000002

0.000004

0.02222

Convert these decimals to fractions in their simplest form:

1000

9
(d)

1000

407

Example 3

Solution

(a)

0.71

(b) 0.4

Write these decimals as percentages:

Example 2
(c) 0.06

(e)

(c)

25

10

100

24

28

0.028

0.24

(d)
4

50

100

125

100
1.25

In each case, determine the equivalent fraction with the denominator as either 10, 100 or
1000. The fractions can then be written as decimals.
2
3 6
(a)
0.4
(b)
0.06
4

Solution

Solution

90%

(b) 20%

(c) 5%

(a)

(c)

(b) 3%

Write these percentages as fractions in their simplest possible form:

407
0.407
1000

0.009

100

81

72%

Write these fractions as decimals:

(d)

0.81

0.7

(b)

81

10

Solution

(a)

Write these percentages as decimals:

Example 1

In this section we concentrate in converting between decimals, fractions and percentages.

Decimals, Fractions and Percentages

Example 2

(c)
1000

(b)
100

(a)
10

Solution

(a)

Write these fractions as decimals:

Example 1

In this section we consider how to write fractions as decimals.

Conversion: Fractions into Decimals

10.

13

If 35% of a class are girls, what percentage are boys?

If 88% of a class pass a maths test, what percentage fail the test?

7.
8.

30% of 500 kg,

Calculate:
(b)

50%of 200,

(a)

26%of 2,

5% of 2,
25%of 120 m,

(h)

75%of 200 kg.

(d)
(f)

(g) 2% of 400,
(j)

(b)

(a)

How much do they each have if they earn 30?

How much do they each have if they earn 25?

What percentage of the money will Ben have?

Ben and Adam spend their Saturdays cleaning cars. They agree that Adam will have
60% of the money they earn and that Ben will have the rest.

(i) 20% of 300,

(c)
60%of 50p,
(e) 15% of 10 kg,

9.

10.

(c)

12

250

1000

Calculate 18 5 , then write

Example 3
(a)

18
5

as a decimal.

5 as a decimal.
8

3.6

5 18.0

24

0.625

8 5.000

Write these fractions as decimals:

since

since

(b) Calculate 5 8, then write

Solution

18
18 5
5

(a) 18 5 3. 6 ,

So

3.6

5
5 8
8

(b) 5 8 0.625 ,

So

0.625

1.

Calculate the missing numbers:

Exercises

2.

Write these improper fractions as decimals:

Write as a fraction and as a decimal:

6.

Write these improper fractions as decimals:

4.

5.

Write these fractions as decimals:

3.

79%
87%

(c)
(d)

6. State the shaded percentage of each shape:

Copy each diagram and shade the percentage stated:

50%

(b)

5.

23%

(a)

11

Exercises

For each diagram in question 1, state the percentage that is not shaded.

For each diagram, state the percentage that is shaded:

2.

If 76% of a rectangle is shaded, what percentage is not shaded?

1.

3.

4.
Make 4 copies of this diagram and shade
the percentage stated:
10

8.

9.

13 as a decimal.
16

1 as a decimal by using division.

8

(a) Calculate 41 5.
Write 41 as a decimal.
5
(b)

Write

10. Write

Introduction to Percentages

100
1
100

1
2

The word 'percentage' means 'per hundred'. In this section we look at how percentages can
be used as an alternative to fractions or decimals.

100%

1
100

50% 50
100

1%

20%

5%

(b)

(c)

(c) 5%

71, so
100

5 1, so 1 of a shape needs to be shaded:

20
100 20

1of a shape needs to be shaded:

5

71 of a shape needs to be shaded:

100

(b) 20% 20 1, so
100 5

(a)71%

These percentages can be shown by shading a suitable fraction of a 10 by 10 square shape.

Solution

71%

(a)

Draw diagrams to show:

Example 1

What percentage of this shape is shaded?

What percentage of this shape is not shaded?

100 60 40, so 40% is not shaded.

20% of 40 m,
25% of 80.

(b)
(c)

Solution:

5% of 100 kg,

(a)

Find:

Example 3

(b)

Solution

(a)
(b)

Example 2