Table 694.

Families Below Poverty Level by Selected Characteristics: 2005

[7,657 represents 7,657,000. Families as of March 2006. Based on Current Population Survey (CPS); see text, this section, Sec-
tion 1, and Appendix III. The 2006 CPS allowed respondents to choose more than one race. For 2005, data represent persons who
selected this race group only and exclude persons reporting more than one race. See also comments on race in the text for Sec-
tion 1. For composition of regions, see map, inside front cover]

Number below poverty level

(1,000) Percent below poverty level
Characteristic
All White Black Asian His- All White Black Asian His-
races 1 alone alone alone panic 2 races 1 alone alone alone panic 2
Total families . . .... 7,657 5,068 1,997 289 1,948 9.9 8.0 22.1 9.0 19.7
Age of householder:
15 to 24 years old . . . . . . . 1,029 664 288 14 255 29.5 25.5 45.7 12.9 30.6
25 to 34 years old . . . . . . . 2,137 1,385 606 65 643 15.8 13.2 31.4 10.6 23.5
35 to 44 years old . . . . . . . 1,879 1,263 470 75 568 10.4 8.7 20.7 8.1 20.9
45 to 54 years old . . . . . . . 1,133 743 283 62 240 6.5 5.1 14.3 8.9 13.0
55 to 64 years old . . . . . . . 719 491 165 35 111 5.8 4.7 13.8 7.0 12.5
65 years old and over . . . . 723 498 174 37 110 5.9 4.7 17.3 10.7 14.4
Region:
Northeast . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,264 813 347 76 313 8.9 7.0 21.3 10.9 21.5
Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,510 1,012 415 24 144 8.6 6.6 26.2 6.8 18.5
South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,158 1,947 1,067 55 704 11.1 8.8 21.3 9.1 19.4
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,725 1,297 167 133 786 10.0 9.2 20.5 8.6 19.6
Type of family:
Married couple . . . . . .... 2,944 2,317 341 193 917 5.1 4.6 8.3 7.5 13.8
Male householder,
no spouse present. . .... 669 439 170 20 155 13.0 11.2 21.1 8.3 15.9
Female householder,
no spouse present. . .... 4,044 2,312 1,486 76 876 28.7 25.3 36.1 19.7 38.9
1 2
Includes other races not shown separately. Hispanic persons may be of any race.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau,Current Population Reports, P60-231; and Internet site <http://pubdb3.census.gov/macro/032006
/pov/toc.htm> (released 29 August 2006).

Table 695. People and Families With Alternative Definitions of Income

Below Poverty: 2004
[290,605 represents 290,605,000. People and families as of March 2005]

Alternative definitions of income,

percent below poverty
Race and Hispanic origin Post-social
Number Money Market insurance Disposable
(1,000) income 1 income 2 income 3 income 4
PEOPLE
Total 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290,605 12.6 19.4 12.9 10.4
White alone or in combination. . . . . . . 238,453 10.8 17.6 11.0 9.0
White alone 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233,702 10.7 17.5 10.9 8.9
White alone, not Hispanic . . . . . . . . 195,054 8.6 15.7 8.5 7.2
Black alone or in combination . . . . . . . 38,016 24.6 32.1 25.6 19.6
Black alone 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36,423 24.6 32.2 25.5 19.7
Asian alone or in combination. . . . . . . 13,356 9.9 13.9 10.8 9.1
Asian alone 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,301 10.0 14.0 10.9 9.3
Hispanic 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41,688 21.8 26.9 23.0 17.9
FAMILIES
Total 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77,019 10.5 17.4 10.8 8.5
White alone or in combination. . . . . . . 64,128 8.8 15.7 8.9 7.1
White alone 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,227 8.7 15.6 8.8 7.0
White alone, not Hispanic . . . . . . . . 54,388 6.7 13.9 6.7 5.4
Black alone or in combination . . . . . . . 9,113 23.4 30.6 24.1 18.7
Black alone 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,908 23.4 30.6 24.1 18.7
Asian alone or in combination. . . . . . . 3,295 7.8 12.1 8.4 7.1
Asian alone 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,155 7.8 12.0 8.4 7.0
Hispanic 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,537 21.1 26.9 22.2 17.1
1
Money income concept includes all money income received by individuals who are 15 years or older. It consists of income
before deductions for taxes and other expenses and does not include lump-sum payments or capital gains. It also does not include
the value of noncash benefits such as food stamps. This income concept is the basis for the official U.S. poverty measure.
2
Market income concept includes money income except government cash transfers; includes imputed realized capital gains and
losses; includes imputed rate of return on home equity; and subtracts imputed work expenses. 3 Post-Social insurance income
concept includes money income except government means-tested cash transfers; includes imputed realized capital gains and
losses; includes imputed rate of return on home equity; and subtracts imputed work expenses. 4 Disposable income concept
includes money income; includes the value of noncash transfers (food stamps, public or subsidized housing, and free or
reduced-price school lunches); includes imputed realized capital gains and losses; includes imputed rate of return on home equity;
and subtracts imputed work expenses, federal payroll taxes, federal and state income taxes, and property taxes on owner-
occupied homes. 5 Data for American Indians and Alaska Natives, Asian, and Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islanders are
not shown separately. 6 White alone refers to people who reported White and did not report any other race category. 7 Black
alone refers to people who reported Black and did not report any other race category. 8 Asian alone refers to people who reported
Asian and did not report any other race category. 9 Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, The Effects of Government Taxes and Transfers on Income and Poverty: 2004. See also
<http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/poverty/effect2004/effectofgovtandt2004.pdf> (released 14 February 2006).

Income, Expenditures, Poverty, and Wealth 461

U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2008