Communication Management: Dramatization of Public Policy

. .
2014
32.019.5
76.006.5
56
:
, . .
( )

56
. .
: : / .. ; . .
. . -. , 2014. 227 c.
ISBN 978-5-7944-2357-0
,
.
, ,
, .
, , , , .
32.019.5
76.006.5

ISBN 978-5-7944-2357-0
.., 2014

, 2014
.........................................................5
I.
1. .............6
2. .................12
3. .......................................17
4. ..............................21
5. .........34
6. ..........43
7. ..........................50
II.
8. ..................................................58
9. ................65
10. ......................................72
11. .........79
12. .....89
III.
13. .......................................................................97
14. ..............110
15. ...................126
16. ....................139
IV.
17. .....................151
18. ...................169
19. -..............181
.190
.........................................192

,

,
, ,
, , .
,
, , , , .
PR- ( 2007), ( 2007), ( 2008), ( 2007-2009).
.
http://vk.com/nikolaiponomarev
aprioripr@gmail.com
. (912) 789-6799

. , , [ 2001: 108]
'' ,
, (?) . , ''
, .

, , , ( )
, .
-
, -, , . ,
,
,
.
I

1

- - .

(1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6).
' ' [Dombos et al. 2012] , .
,
, ,
. , .
('', '
', ' ', '', '' ..).
,
, , . '', ' ' ,
.
( ' , ' (. effectiveness) ,
(. efficiency) [Steyn 2002]) :
1. :
;
2. : , , ;
3. : ;
4. : -;
5. : ;
6. : , ( ), ,
;
7. : ;
8. :
,

( , ,
, , ..);
9. : , ;
10.: , -
.
,
.
, -
, . , ,
, ,

: , ,
, ,
, [Wildavsky 1971: 139].

, ,
.
, , .

.
, , .. , , ( )
. (. public
accountability) .
-,
.
-,
,
, .
-, ,
.

, :
,
,
. , [Schneider, Ingram 1993: 336]. -
, [Freeman 1994] .
: ( ),
( ), ( ) ( ).
, [Thompson 1980:
907]. ' ' [Ibid]:

, ,
[Ibid: 905].
, - [Bovens
2004: 9].
,
, .. . , ' ' [Heclo 1978] , , .
, . ' ':
? [Bovens 2004: 6].
(, )
, . , : ,
,
. ,

[Ibid: 16].

10

- :
, - ,
: - , , , . ,
, , : [Behn 2001: 3]. , , ,
, [Weaver 1986: 390].
' ' [Ibid]
. , ,
. (, ,
' ', , ),
, .

, , : ' ' , ,
'- ', .

, ,
[Thompson 1980: 907].

, .
, .
, -
11
, , , , ,
[ 2003: 38].
, ,
, '' (. media politics)
[Zaller 1999].
, , .
.
,
,
.
12
2

,
, , ,
, , [Dryzek 2009:
1391, 1381-1382]. ( ) ,
[ 1993: 323].
,
, . , .., , ,
[Suchman 1995: 575-576].
, : []
.
[, ] , [Hybels 1995: 243].
,
, ,
. , , [Suchman 1995: 594] , ,
: , , ,
, [Ibid: 574].
(
), (
13
) ( ). , '' (1), '' (2) (3) ' ',

.
, , , .
' ' [Sethi 1979], ,
. - .
, : , , [Deephouse, Suchman 2008: 61].

[, 1995: 169]. , , , , ,
, , [Dahl 1965: 19].
, , , , .
,
, : , , , , ,
[ 2010: 371].
: ,
, ,
, .
, -
14
, , ,
[March, Olsen 2005: 12-13].

, ,
, ,
[Vaara, Tienari, Laurila 2006].
[Suchman 1995] : , .
,
:
, , , [Suchman 1995: 597]. ,
,
' ' [Hood et al. 2007], :
;
;
;
;
.
' '
[Bovens, 't Hart 1996]. ,
, .. , , , ,
[Bovens et. al 1999].

: ,

, ,
.
15
[Ibid: 123]. ,

. : '' ( '', '', '' '')
['t Hart 1993]. ,
.
, ' ' [van Leeuwen,
Wodak 1999]: , . ,
, , , . , , , , , [Vaara, Tienari, Laurila 2006: 793]. ,
, , :
, [van Ruler, Veri 2003: 16].
'' ; , ;
; ''
; ; .

, .. .
.
-,
:
( ' '), ( ). ' ' '.
16
-, [Vaara, Tienari, Laurila

2006: 804-805], .
-,
,
,
[Larsson 2009: 145]. , .
-, (
) , , : , ,
, .
, , ,
[Hall 1993: 290]. , : , ,
, , .
,
.
.
17
3

[Chiari, Nuzzo
1996] , . - ,
- , :
, , [Burr 1995: 4].
' ', :
, , , [Korzybski
1933: 58].
[ 1994],
, ,
.
()
. . ()
.
: , [
2001].
,
, , , ,
, , .
, ,

: ,
( ) ,
, , , ..
18
, :
, [Bourdieu 1972: 182].
() , , ,
.

[ 1994].
[ 1992]
, , ,

:
, , ,
. ,
, [Jodelet 1990: 361-362].

,

.
, ( ) .
' '
(, , ),
, .
, , , . .
[Kelly 1955/1991]
, -.
,
. , [Kelly 1955/1991: 9]. , , ,
19
[ 2000: 25].
[ 2001]
,

. (
'', '', '').
.
[, 1995],
' ' , , [
1996: 110].
, : , , , : ,
, [ 2000: 151].
,
.
, / . .
, ,
, , [Delia, Grossberg 1977: 36].

, , ,
[ 2000: 55].
[ 1985] : ,
[, 2004:
20
21]. ,
,
, .
,
- . ,
. ,
,
. , .
,
'
'
[Watzlawick 1977] :
. ,
, , , ,
[Ibid: xi].
'', '',

, , [Ibid: 223]. ,
[ibid: 225],
, ,
[Ibid: 62].
, , .
21
4

, , , .

, ,
: , . , .

[Kingdon 1984: 99].
:
,
, . , [Blumer 1971: 298, 301].
, - ,
, ,
, ,
, [Stone 1988: 156].
' ' [Downs 1972]
.
(1) (2),
, , . (3): , , . (4)
:
,
, : , -
22
. (5) , [ ],
, [Ibid 1972: 29-31]. ' ' '' .
' ' [Neuman 1990] S- ,
: 1. '' , (,
); 2. ' '
(, ''); 3. ''
(, ); 4. '' (, ).
' ' [Kingdon 1984]
: 1. , 2.
, 3.
, , 4.
. (, ),
(, ) ( ) ' ': .
, , , [Ibid: 93]. :
()
(); '' ;
[Watzlawick 1985: 93].
' ' [Kingdon 1984] ( ' ' [Sabatier 1988], ' ' [Snare 1995], ' ' [Williams 2002]),
(, , , , , )
.
' ' - : ' ',
, , , -
23
' ':
, ,

[Kingdon 1984]. ,
, , ,
[Mintrom 2000].
[Roberts, King 1991]. , , , ,
(
) .
' ' ,
. ' ',
, ' ',
,
,
. , , .
, ,
, , .
, , , ,
,
[Kingdon 1984: 174]. , (.
problem definition), : '' .
, . ,
, '' , .
24
, ,
, [Ibid 1984:
174]. , , , , , [Ibid 1984: 15].
, : ,
, , , : ,
,
[Ibid: 21].
, : , , , ,
[Ibid: 96]. ,
, , ' ' [Verduijn, Ploegmakers, Meijerink 2011].
, .
' ' [Hilgartner, Bosk 1988] ' ' ,
.
,
, , , . , , , ,
, , ,
, ,
.
, ' ';
, ; .
, ,
25
. , , , , ,
,
[Ibid: 57].

.
, , . .
, ,
. , ,
:
, , , . , (.. )
[Ibid 1988: 56]. , ' ' .
, , . ,
:
, , , :
, ; ; ;
;
.
[]. ,
[Ibid 1988].

26
: ,
,
; ,
; , ;

;

;
;
,
.
,
- ,
, : , . , , ' ', , , [Ibid 1988].

, ,
:
, [Blumer 1971: 300].

, ,
: , ,
- . , [Ibid: 301].

27
[Schn 1979: 261], :

,
; [Stone 1988: 106],
, ,
[Ibid: 116].

, :
, , , [Foucault
1980: 93].

, , .
' ' [Hall 1982],
,

,
. ,
[Wodak, Meyer 2009].
, , ,
, , :
, ,
, , , [ 2005: 229].
:
, , [ 1996: 69].
:
, , [van Dijk 1993: 254]. : , , , , () ,
, [Ibid: 256].
28

,
,
,
[Lester, Stewart 1996]. (
)
,
, ,
:
, , , . , , [Hayes 2008: 135].
, ,
[Cobb,
Elder 1972: 172] (,
,
[Fairclough 2005]). :
. . ,
, ,
[Campbell 1996: 3].
: sine qua non , , [Stone 1989: 281].
, '' , , .
,
, ' ' [Gotsbachner 2010:
1]. ,
( ) (..
) :
29
,
[Birkland 2004: 180].
' ' [Sniderman, Bullock 2004],
, , . , :
. , . ,
, , . , ,
,
[Ibid: 338].

.

, , , , , ,
[, 2008: 5].
: , ;
, , .
, , , ,
[Schattschneider 1975: 68]. : , [Reich 1988: 5]. :
. , , , ,
, [Denton, Woodward 1985: 42].
,
30
, , ,
[, 2000: 18].
:
[],

[Eustis 2000].
, , [Stone 1988:
106].
, ,
, , ,
[Hall et al. 1978: 59]. : , ,
, .
[Leech et al.
2002]. , [] [Weick 1995: 35], ..
[Mintzberg, Ahlstrand,
Lampel 1998]. , .

, , , ,
: ,
, ... , ,
, , .
, , [Baumgartner, Mahoney
2008: 435].
: ,
, ''
31
, '' , ,
, ' '
[Ibid: 435]. , , , [Coburn 2006: 343-344].
: , , , .
. , , , ,
, , , . , .
[Weiss 1989:
97]. : , ,
,

. ,
. , ,
[Ibid: 98].

:
,
, , . [Stone 1988: 231]. , : ( ) ...
,
, ,
/ [Schiappa 2003: 155156].
32

[Baumgartner,
Jones 1993]. ,
[McBeth et al. 2007: 91]. '
' [Nie 2003] ,
' ' [Rittel, Webber 1973] .

( , , , , ) ' '
[Walton 2005], :
, . , ..
, . [Macagno 2009: 81]. : ,
, , , [Schiappa 2003: 116].
:
. , , ,
[Weiss 1989: 98]. : , ( ) ,

[Primm, Clark 1996: 9].
: , .
, ;

, , , , [Rochefort, Cobb 1994:
33
27]. , , .
,
, .
34
5

' ': ,

. .
[Weiss 1989: 118]. ' ' (. issue),

,
[Cobb, Elder 1972: 14].

: (.. ), ,
[Hayes 2008: 135].

: -
,
; , [Cobb,
Ross 1997: 3-4]. , -: - , , , , [Baumgartner, Jones 1993: 28-29].
' ' [Cobb, Elder 1971] ' ' [McCombs, Shaw 1972] ,
,
, : , , ,
. , , , . , -
35
, , , [Birkland 2004: 180].

/ ,
(
) .
( ), ,
[Luhmann 1971a: 13].
/ , , , .
, ( ) .
'' '' : .
, [ ]
..., . , , : , , , ..
[Walgrave, Soroka, Nuytemans 2008: 818]. ' ' [Pritchard, Berkowitz 1993] , , ' ' [Kingdon 1984] ,
.

, '
'. , :
1. , .. .
2.
, .
36
3. : '
'
' '.
4. .

, - (, , , - ) , .
.
' ',
,
, .
' ' , , .
' ', , , , .
,
.

, .
, ' ' [Schiappa 2003],
( ' ') [Zarefsky 2006] (x
P , x / ): , -
.
, , [Schiappa 2003: 32].

37
. ' ' , ,
: ,
,

,
.
,
.
,
[Cobb, Ross, Ross 1976].
' ' ( )
, ,
.
, '' '' , , ( )
' ' . : -
. , .
, , [Cobb, Elder 1971].
: ,
[Ibid].
,
, .
,
, [Cobb, Ross, Ross 1976].
38
, .
1.
' ' [Cobb, Elder 1972]
, , , , ,
. ,

. ,
, , , ,
[Milne 2011]. '' .
2.
' ', , ,
,
.
3.
, :

:

[Cobb, Elder 1971];

;

;

;

, .
4.
39
.
5.
: ,
, [Cobb, Elder 1972].
6.
, [Protess et al. 1987]. ,
.
7.

( ) . : X , Y, , X. , X [Connolly 1972].
8.
' ' (. pork barrel) [Ellwood, Patashnik
1993]. ,
. , . , . ,
. , ''
, [Mayhew 1974].
9.

,
.
10.
.
11.
, - .
40
12.
13.
( ' ').
,

,
, (
) , :
, , , , .

. , [] .
, [Cobb, Elder 1972: 150].
, . , .
, ,
, , .
[Kepplinger 2007: 14]. ,
.
, ,

.
, [
2007] . ,
' '
41
,
.

. ,
, . , , .
( ) / .
' ' [Choi 2004],
,

.

, . , , /
,
. , ,
(' ' [Shaw, McCombs 1977]).
: , , ;
, , , , , .
,
. ,
, , , ,
[Kingdon 1984: 61-62],
42
: , [Davis 2002: 175].

,
,
.
43
6

( ,
, , )
:
, , ,
,
, , , [Hall 1993: 279].
, ,
[Hajer
1995: 264]. , , ,
, ,
.
,
, ,
,
,
[Hall 1993: 291]. , ,
.
(. policy discourse) , , ,
, ,
, [Rein, Schn 1993:
145]. [Schmidt, Radaelli 2004].
44
, , ,
: , :
, , ,
[March, Olsen 2005: 4].

, ..

[Streeck, Thelen 2005: 9]. , .
, , .

: ,
, , , ,
, [Krasner 1984: 228].
,
: , , , .
.
[Rein, Schn 1993: 156-157].
,

, ..
[Jepperson 1991: 145].
: ''
, -
45
- .
, , [Hall, Taylor 1996].

. :
(1), (2),
(3) ( ) (4).
' ' [Hall, Taylor 1996] , , , ,
.

, . (. choice-agenda),
. , ,
. , ,
.
' ' [Oliver
1997] , , , . , . ,
,
. , , . , ( ) ,
' ' (. logic of calculation) [Thelen, Steinmo
1992: 7].
[Meyer, Rowan 1977;
Zucker 1977; Meyer, Scott 1983],
46
,
, ,
, . , , : , . , ,
, - .
, , [Swidler 1986: 277]. : , , ,
[Ibid: 284]. , ,
, [Ibid: 274].
, ' ' (. logic of appropriateness) [March, Olsen
1989] ,
.
, ' ': (,
) . . , , [Bchtiger,
Hangartner 2007].
,
- :
, . ,
, [ ] -
( ) [Scott 2008].
:
, , ' '
( ), ; , -
47
, , [] . [] ( ), [Shepsle 2008: 24].

[Hall 1993] , , ,
. ' ' ' ' (. calculus logics) [Hay 2008],
' ' (. path dependence) '
' (. punctuated equilibrium).
,

, ,
[Pierson 2000]. , , ,
.
-, , , , , , .
-, ,
(,
).
-, , . ,
.
-, : , . ,
, ...
[Campbell 2004: 1]. , (, -
48
, ) [Campbell 2009].
[Thelen, Steinmo 1992] ,
, : , ,

'' [Baumgartner, Jones 1993: 10].
' ' (. focusing event) [Cobb, Elder 1972]
, ( )
, [Birkland 1998]. , [Tewksbury et al. 2000] .
, . ,
, , ,
.
. '-' ,
' ' [Wolfsfeld 2001], :
,
, , [Wolfe, Jones, Baumgartner 2013: 180].
: , , ,
, () -
49
. , , . [March, Olsen 2008: 12].

,
,
' '.
50
7

' ' [Hay 2006] , ,
( ),
, , , , .
,
() . ,
, , [Potter, Hepburn 2008]:
: , , .
, , - [Fairclough, Wodak 1997: 258].
: , , ,
'', ' ' [Burr 1995: 34].
, , , [Fischer, Gottweis 2012: 11].
, , ,
, , ..,
[Hajer 2006: 67]. , : , , : , , , ,
, ,
[Burr 1995: 34].
' ', ,
51
, , . , , .
' ' (. rhetorical entrapment)
[Schimmelfennig 2001]: , , , [Schmidt 2008].
:
, , '',
, ,
...
. [Schmidt 2008: 312]. ,

[Jones 2009].
' ' [Hajer 1993],
' ' , ,
.
, ,
.
.
, , ,
[Schmidt 2012: 14].

:
: ;
: ,
52
;
: .
, , ,
: ,
, [Entman, Herbst 2001: 208].
' ' (. advocacy coalition framework)
[Sabatier 1988] , , ,
, .
, , , , .
, , .
, .
, ,
, , [Moore, Wood 2002].
(. advocacy), - . [] , [Lawrence, Suddaby 2006: 221-222]. , .
, , , , .
53

, , .
[Schmidt 2002]
,
.
, , ( , ) , , , ,
[Hope 2011]. , , ,
.
,
, :
, ( ), , ( ),
[Schmidt, Monnet 2010: 14]. , ' ', '
' ' '.
, [Schmidt 2008].
I (. policy sphere) (, , , ). II (. political sphere)
(, , ).
, . ,
,
. , , , ,
.
54
, ( ) ( ).
,
, . , ,
, . , ,
.

.
,
( )
. ,
,
, ,
' ' [Schmidt 2002: 220].
, , : , , , ,
,
[Rein, Schn 1994]. , , ' ', , , , , , , ' ', , ,
, , ,
.
, , ,
[Schmidt 2012: 16].
,
, . , ,

55
[Schmidt 2008: 309].

-,
.
, , , ,
, , ,
. , ,
.
I (. policy elites) , II (. political elites) . II
- (. master discourse).
. I , , , . ,
- II, I.
, ' ' [Haas
1992], c
- (.. ); ' ' [Kingdon 1984], , ' ' [Heclo 1978],
, .
, : ,
, ,
,
, , . , -
56
, , [Fischer, Gottweis 2012: 17].

-
,
- ,
[Powell, Colyvas 2008].

.
, ,
, : , [Scott 2001: 75].
,
, ,
[Emirbayer, Mische 1998: 966].
, ,

[Powell, Colyvas 2008: 276]. , , .
, ,
,
. ,
. ,
( ) ( ). , [Roe 1994: 2].
57
,
.
.
58
II

8

: , , . ,
, . ,
, , , , , , , [- 2003: 120]. : , ( ).
, ( ) , '' [Polkinghorne 1992: 150].
,
, ,
: , , ,
, , [ 1998: 32]. , , , , :
( ), , , , [Rumelhart 1980: 33].
,
,
[Rumelhart, Norman 1978].
' ':
, , , . , .. , ' ' [ 2010: 492].
59
, : ' ',
. ''
,
. '', . , [, 2010: 141].
' ' ,
: . ,
[ 2010: 511].
' ',
,
[D'Andrade 1984: 110].
, ,
:
, [ ]
, [ ] . . '' , , , , ' ',
'' [Meppem 2000: 48].
, , [Ibid: 49], , ; , , , , [Boesch 1991: 29].
, ,
, -
60
:
, , ,
,
, . : , , , . ,
: , ,
, [ 1997: 13-14]. , :
[Boesch 1991: 29]. ,
[ 2010: 518], , ,
, ,
, , , [Taylor 1987: 53].
' ' (. interpretative repertoire) [Potter,
Wetherell 1987]: ,
, .
, . ,
[Wetherell, Potter 1988: 172].
, : , [Edley
2001: 198]. :
,
,
, - [Burr 1995: 81].
, , ,
,
[Ibid: 81-82].
61

( , , ),
. ,
, /. , (..
), , , :
, , ,
, [Gamson 1988: 170].
, ( , ) , , . ,
, .
, ,
, ,
[Tannen 1999: 115].
: ; , '' ' ' ''.
, , ,
, , , ,
, .
- ,
(. schematriggered affect) [Fiske 1982]: . ,
, , , ,
, , , [Russell 1971: 188].
,
, , .
-, , , , , [van Gorp 2007].
-, -
62
, [Delia, O'Keefe, O'Keefe 1982].

-, ,
, , [ 1998: 44, 63].
'', .
1. '', '', '', ' ': ,
, , . ,
, , [Donati 1992: 141].
,
,
:
, , [Reese 2001: 11] , ,
.
2. ,

[van Atteveldt 2008].
3. (' ', ' '), : /
/ [,
2011: 94-95].
[Friedland, Zhong 1996: 13].
4. ' ' [Gamson, Lasch 1981], .
' ' (,
, , )
(,
). , ' ' [van Gorp 2007],
63
.
5. [Bateson 1972] ,
, '
\ . ' ',
,

.
6. , (
) , ''
[Minsky 1977]. , ,
.
: ,
- ,
(), ,
, .

[ 1979: 7].
7. ,
, ,
: , , ... [Goffman
1974: 10f].
8. ,
, , [Benford 1997: 417]. ,
... [
] , [Ibid.: 416].
9. ,
64
.
[Kahneman, Tversky 1979], , , , , .

, , .
, , .
''
() , , ,
.
, ,
.
65
9

, ' ' [Fauconnier, Turner 2002] ('
' [Doleel 1979]) ' ' [RoskosEwoldsen et. al 2009] , ' ' ( , , ). , ,
. .
, .

.
[, 1976; Minsky 1980]
, :
, , ,
, () [Cole 1996: 134]. , ,
, : , , , [Nelson 1981: 101]. ,
:
, ,
[Nelson 1986: 12].
'- ' [ 1990]
,
, , , : () , , ,
.
-
66
[ 2010: 520521].

,
( , ), : , ,
, ,
, , ,
[Herman 2012].
, : , ,
, .
, , [Kreiswirth 1995:
62]. : , ,
. , , [Eilbert, Hicinbothom 2006: 632].
' ' [Fauconnier, Turner 1994]
(' ') :
, [ ]

[Coulson, Fauconnier 1999: 2].
: , ' '
(). , .
,
, , , , , [Coulson, Oakley 2000].
67
,
, , .. [Fauconnier, Turner 1998]. ( , ) [Coulson, Fauconnier 1999] [Fauconnier, Turner 1998].
, , , [Fauconnier, Turner 1996]. ,
, , . , .
' ' [Lakff, Jhnsn 1980], .
- (.. ,
) - (.. ): ,
, , .
, , , [, 2008: 185].
- () , , :
,
. ,
[ : 181].
-
-, (.. -)
: ,
. ' '
; '-' ; ' ' ; ' '
.. [Hirsch, Andrews 1983: 149]. :
68
,
, , . '', , , [,
2008: 185] (.. -). : , , , , [ :
186]. .
' ' [Merton 1968]:
, . , [,
2008: 184]. :

, , [ : 176].
, -.
-
-
- .

. ,
''
[Powell, Colyvas 2008].
[Black 1962], , , : ,
,
[ 1990: 167]. , : ,
, . ,
69
, . ,

? , , '' [ : 165]. : , , ,
, .
,
, , [Edelman
1971: 67]. -
, , ,
[ 1988: 291-292].
,
, .. , . , . ,

,
, : ,
, ,
- [ 1990: 167].
, . , . , , ( ) , , [ : 168].
, ,
70
, ,

[ 2001].
: , , [ 1990: 166]. ,
,
( ) [, 1994:
20].
, , : ,
[ 2007: 87]. ,
,
, , , , , [White 1978: 91]. [ 1990: 159]:
, , () ,
, [ 2007: 86-87].
[Schn 1979] , ' ',
,
. : .
, [Stone 1988: 118]. ,
[Bronowski 1972: 108-109]. ,
,
: ,
- ,
71
. (
) [Docherty 2004: 847-848].
, , () , , .
72
10

,
' ', , , , .. ' ', ' ' ''. ' ' ,
. ' ' ( ),
( ) (
), ( ),
( ) [Dascal 2009: 40].
.
' ', , ; ,
( ). , , , , , ( ) .
, , , , [Mintzberg, Raisinghani, Theoret 1976].
,
, [Kahneman, Tversky 1979]. ' ' [Arrow 1951], ,
, .. .
' ' (. bounded rationality) [March, Simon 1958], - ,
73
, , , , . ,
, .. .
, :
,
;
'' '';
;
;

.

:
, ,
[Simon 1985: 302]. , ,
,
[Simon 1947: 241]. , [Fiske,
Taylor 1991].
( / ) ( / ) [Petty, Cacioppo 1981; Chaiken,
Liberman, Eagly 1989].
( ), .
, .
, (1)
(2), (3) (4), ,
[Todorov, Chaiken, Henderson 2002].
, , ,
74
, [Donohew, Lorch, Palmgreen 1991].

, , .
, [Booth-Butterfield, Welbourne 2002].
, ,
[Todorov, Chaiken, Henderson 2002]. : , [Sniderman, Brody, Tetlock 1991: 19].
( ) ,
( [Byrne 1971]), . , ' ',
' ' [Braverman 2008] ' ' (.
celebrity endorsement) [Basil 1996], -
[Ryan 1986], ' ',
, [French, Raven 1959].
' ', , , , [
] [Farrell, Rabin 1996: 116].
: , .
[Braverman 2008].

, ,
. :
, [Weaver et al. 2007: 822]. , ,
75
(, ).
, [Zajonc 1968]. ,
, , [Gilbert,
Wilson 2000: 183].
'
' (. satisficing) [Simon 1947]:
, , , , , ' '. ,
, , , , . ,
(.. ).
' ' [Caplan 1999],
. , , , . , , , () . '
', , , , ' ' , ,
.
' ' [Downs 1957], , ,
, ,
, ,
: ,
,

, ,
76
, , [Ibid:
147-148]. ' ' [Fiske,
Taylor 1991], , '
'. , ,
,

[Somin 2010: 254].
' ' [Popkin 1994]
, ( )
, ,
, .
,

[Kuklinski, Quirk 2000: 24].
, , ,
.
,
:
. ,
, .
, ;
, [Ibid: 24].
, ,
,
,

[Kuklinski, Quirk 2000: 39].
''

,
77
, ,
, [Fischer, Gottweis 2012: 2-3].

' ': - ,
[Ibid: 11-12]. , , , ,
. , , , : , , - (, , ..) [Ibid:
9].
[Cappella et al. 2002]
'' '' :
'' , [Cappella et al. 2002: 77]. ,
, [Perelman 1982:132]. ,
, , (
) .
,
, ( ' ') [ 2007], , :
, , , , . [Simons 1974: 174].
: , ,
.
, -
78
. [ 2001: 125].
, , , , , , , , ,
[Elsbach 2001: 5]. : , , , , . , , , [Ibid: 11].
,
, .
,
, (), ,
.
79
11

, - , , , ,
, , [Perelman
1982].

- . , , , ,
' ', .
, , ,
[Morley 1987]. , , ,

[Mendelberg 2002].
' ' [Taber, Lodge 2006],
,
,
, ,
.
' ', .. ,
, , , ,
[McGuire 1964: 201].

, [Kuklinski, Quirk
2000]. ' '
,
[Wiktorowicz, Kaltenhaler 2006: 299]. , '
' , , , , [Brym, Hamlin
80
2009]. , ,
: , , , , , , , , [Chinn, Brewer
1993].
' ' ( ),
.
,
[Billig 1987],
, . : , ,
, . ' ',
, [Burr 1995: 97].
,
, ,
[Setl
2009]. , , [Vatz 1973: 157]. : , , , ,
[Bitzer 1968: 4].
, ,
''. ,
, / , / , / , / , / . (, , ) ,
, .

81
( ), (
), ( '' ) .
: ,
, , [Ibid: 11].
, ,
.
, :

,
;
,
;
,
;
,
;
, ;
, ,
;
,
, ;
, , : , .

'' ,
:
82
( ) '', ;
;
A , C D;
,
.
, , , , , , , , , [Cline 2009]: []
, ,
, , . , , , [Bitzer 1968: 5].
, ' ':
,
[Ibid: 10-11]. :
. : , [Ibid: 12-13].
, , : , ,
, :

[Bitzer 1968: 13].
' ' [Spector,
Kitsuse 1987],

.
83
, . , , .
' ', , ,
.
,
(' '): '', '',
'', '', ' '.
' ',
: , ,
[Neuenschwander 2008]. [Lynxwiler, DeCorte 1995]: ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' '.
, ' '. , ' ' ,
; ' ' .
[Gamson, Meyer 1996] . ' '
[Snow et al.
1986], ' ' ,
[Benford, Snow 2000].
[Ibarra, Kitsuse 1993] - :
: ,
, ;
;
, ;
-
84
,
;
( , );
(
, );
, , , ;
: ;
: ' ' ;
: ;
: ;
: ,
.
.
, , , , ,
.
, , ,
[Chambers 2009: 341-342, 345].
' ' (. political
pandering) [ 1995]: ,
. [],
, ,
, ,
[Chambers 2009: 343].
:
,
, ,
85

[Jacobs, Shapiro 2000: 7].
,
, ,
(' ').
' ' , ,
:
,
, ,
[Thompson 1980].
,

:

,
- [Bovens et. al. 1999: 125].
, ' ' [Blow-Moller 2009] ,
,
: ,
[Coombs et al. 2010: 338]. ' ' [Weaver 1986], ' ' [Scott, Lyman
1968; Thompson 1980; Weaver 1986; Bradford, Garrett 1995; Bovens et. al. 1999;
Coombs 1999; Hood et al. 2007] ' ' (. blame game) [Hood
2002] , ' ':
( ' ').
, . , , , (
). '' ,
86
(
) '' ( ) [Hood
2002: 17-18]. ,

:
[Thompson 1980].
, , ,
: , , , [Ibid].
' ', /
.

,
, , [Scott, Lyman 1968].
:
: ; ;
: / , ' ' ' ',
[Boin et al. 2009]); , ' ';
' '; ' ';
, ; ;
;
: ; ; ;
(, ,
, ..); ;
87
:
; ;
; ;
; ;
; ; ;
: ;
; ; ; ; ;
; ; '';
' ' ; ;
; );
: , , , ;
.
: ( ( ); );
[Scott,
Lyman 1968].
, ' ', : ,
,
, , [Burke 1982: 54].
,
,
[Ibid: 45]. , ( ) : ,
. [ ] [Bovens et. 1999: 140].
88
,
.
89
12

. : ,
, ,
, [Schn
1979: 138].
: .
,
, ,
/ '' [Entman 1993:
52]. , [Gitlin 1980] ,
, .
: , . ,
[Schn 1979: 139]. , [Gotsbachner 2010:
1]. , , , ,
,
[Gamson 1996: 113].

. , (. policy frame) ,
[Verloo 2005: 20]. , , .
'' , : -
90
, ,
, [Callaghan, Schnell 2005: 2].
, , , ,
, [Baumgartner, Jones 1991: 1045].
,
, ,
: ,
, - , , ,
[Scheufele 2000: 309]. , [Schn, Rein 1994: 23].
, ,
[] [D'Angelo 2002: 873].
, ,
: , (, , , ,
, ),
, , [Lee, McLeod,
Shah 2008: 697].
, :
, .
, , , , . , , [Altheide 1997: 652].
91
, , , [Shmueli et al. 2006: 208].

- , , , [Entman 1991: 7].

,
, , , , [Rucht, Neidhardt
2002: 11].
, , [Pan, Kosicki 2001: 36], [Tewksbury et al. 2000]. - , .
[Gamson 1988]

, ' ' [ 1996], ' ' [Potter, Wetherell 1987] ' ' [Cappella
et al. 2002]. , ,

[Snow, Benford 1992: 137].
' ' , ' ' , :
,
[Friedman 2006].
( ) , . ' ' [Gamson
92
1996]:
,
[Pan, Kosicki 2001]. :
.
[] .
[Abolafia 2004: 15].

, , , .
'' ''
-: ; . , , , ( ) ,
[Schn 1979: 151].
,
, - '',
[Rein, Schn 1993: 148].
, , ''. , [Dearing, Rogers 1996] '' .
:
, [, 2011: 96].

(, , , )
,
' ' [ 2004] , () ,
. [Shoemaker, Reese 1996], ,
93
,
. ,
, .
' ' [Price, Tewksbury, Powers
1997] . : , ,
... .
, [Somin 2010: 264].
, . : ,
; ;
[March, Olsen 1975].
, , ' ' ' ', , , , ,
. :
,
, ''
,
[Gotsbachner 2009: 61].
, , ,
, , , [ 2010:
376]. ,
,
' ' [ 2003]. , , ,
94
' ', , , , ,
' ' (. anecdotal narratives) [Boswell 2010]
.
:
: , [Baden 2010: 3]. ()
, , '', [Entman 1991: 6].
, [Cappella, Jamieson
1997] . ,

.
,
, '' '',
[Baden 2010].
,
, '
', ' ' (. ' ').

[Snow, Benford 1988; Hallahan 1999; Brewer 2001]:
1. ;
2.
;
3.
, ;
4. ( );
5. () /
();
95
6. ;
7.
;
8.
;
9. ;

:
1. - ;
2. ;
3.
' ' ( );
4. ;
5. .
' ' (. issue ownership) [Petrocik
1996], . ' ' ,
.
, . , .
,

, -
96
[Meyer, Schvaneveldt 1971]: ()

.
[Schacter, Buckner 1998] (
), (, )
(, ).

,
.
[Kosicki 2002]
, [Kim, Scheufele, Shanahan 2002]
. , ()
.
, (
, , ) ' ' [Petkovic 2008],
,
.
,
, , , , .
97
III

13

[Coman 2005],
, ,

. ,
' ', .
, . ,
, , , .

- :
.
, .
, [Schmidt 1997]. , ,
, ( , ) .
,
, [Altheide,
Snow 1979]:
. ,
. , ,
, (, '
', '' ' ') [Altheide 2004: 4]. ,
, :
, ;
[ 1998: 102].
, , -
98
; , , , ; .. ,
, '' [Lewin 1947] , .
: , , , / ,
/ [ 2005: 62].

' ': , , ; ; ;
; . ,

[Mazzoleni 1987]:
;
;
;
;
: , [Cline 2009];

.
: ,
, ,
[Czarniawska 1997]. ' ' , , '-
99
' [Jacobs 1996] ' ',

[Bird 2003].
, , , ' '
[Fauconnier, Turner 1994].
, , [Tomascikova 2009: 288]. ,
, , : ,
, [Flood 2009: 13].
, : ,
[Langer 1999: 83-84]. , , , [Pan,
Kosicki 1993]. , [Downs 1972]: [Bentele 1993].

, : ,
, ,
, , [
2000: 231]. , ( , ) ,

:
' ' [Bennett 1984]
, ,
.
( ) ,
100
() .
, , -
' ', : '',
... ' ', , [Galtung,
Ruge 1965: 82].
, , , , '
' [Fishman 1980; Bennett 2005; Cline 2009]:
, ,
;
, [ 1998: 4344].
' ' (. curiosity gap) [Gentry et al.
2002; Loewenstein 1994], . ,
, ,
. ,
;
. : , '',
,
[Macgilchrist 2007]. , ' '.

:
.
[ 2005: 237].
: , , -
101
[Abel 1984: 68].

' ' [McQuail 1985]
, , ,
[Gitlin 1980: 7].
, , , ,

. [Entman 1991: 9]
.
, :
, , , ( ) ,
, , [Entman 2007: 165].
,

[Entman, Herbst 2001: 203].
, , . , ,
.

,
[Gitlin 1980: 22]. ,
, , [Norris 1995: 359].
''
, '
.
, ,
[Flood 2009]:
102

,
[Iyengar 1991];
- ''
, [de Vreese,
Elenbaas 2008];
, , , [Lee, McLeod, Shah 2008].
,
, , .
: , ,
. ' ',
, , ,
[Boin, 't Hart, McConnell 2009]. , , ' ' ,
, . , ' '
[Livingston, Lance 2003] ( [Boorstin 1962]) ' '.
-
(, )
[Cheng 2006].
' ' [Lawrence 2000], , , , -
103
. , , , , [, 2008: 102].

, [Baden, Koch
2011].
, , , ' -'. ' ' [ 2004],
(
, ,
, ..): ,
, ,

[Blumer 1966: 535]. ' ' , ' '
[Fairclough 1989:11].
' ' ,
(1), ' ' () (2), (3).
' ': , , ,
[Baden, de Vreese 2008: 121].
. -
, ,
: ... ,
, ( )
[Gans 1979: 39-40]. ,
[ ] ,
104
, [Kepplinger 2007: 11]. , ( ) . ,

, , [ 1994: 184]. ( )
[ 1980], .

: , . . , , [Gans 1979: 116].
, [Shoemaker 1982]:
( ,
);
(, );
, , , , ;
, ;
.

,
.
, ,
, ,
.
105

: .

,

. ,
, , . ,
(
' '), ( ' ' (. junket journalism)).
:
,

,
[Bennett, Edelman 1985: 158,
170].
, ,
: ,
, , , , () , - , ..
[] [ 2005:
101]. ,
, , -, , , , [ 2002: 152].
' '
( '' , , , ):
1. -
;
106
2. - ;
3. ;
4. ''
''
('
'
(.
faction
journalism)) [Weber 2002];
5. '-' ;
6. / ();
7. (-);
8. ' ';
9. .

' ' , ' '.
' '.
:
, - [Gamson et al. 1992:
387].
, , , , , : ,
. '' . . [Fulton et al. 2005: 1].
: , , [Tomascikova 2009:
287].
: ' '
' ' ,
. , ,
107
. ,
' ', , [Mulligan 2012: 3].
(. fictional media) , , , '
', ' ': '', ''

, , ,
- [Ibid: 3-4].
' ': ,
, , .
' ', , , , , , - : ,
, ( ) , ,
, , ' ' [Baum 2002: 94]. ' ' [Baum 2004] : '', , , [Bennett 2005: 376].
[Gerrig, Prentice 1991; Green
2004]. ,
' '. ' ',
. :
,
, ,
,
. '' ,
, ,
, . ,
108
, , [Mulligan 2012: 4]. , '' ( '' '' )

,
-.
2010 (PGA) ' ': ( )
,
. , ' ' [Jenkins 2009a] (, ,
, , ..) [Wodak, Meyer 2009].

: , , ,
, .
. - , ,
. ,
[Bagdikian 1990]. ( , ), , , ' '
.
, :
- .
- , , .
,
. : , ,
,
109
, , ', .
[Kaplan 2006: 176-177].
, -,
.
110
14

- . , (
) ,
, ..
. ,
, . , ,
[] [ ] , [Fuchs, Pfetsch 1996: 10].

(, , )
, , .
-
( ), ,
/ .
: , , ,
, ,
[Gamson et al. 1992: 385].
1999 ''
[Zaller 1999], ,
.
111
,
, .
, , , , , . ,
, (
) , ( ), - :
, , , ,
, , , , , , ,
(, - ..) ,
[ 2002: 1993].

- :
[] ,
, , ,
[Bennett, Entman 2001: 2].
,
, , .

' ' [Wolfsfeld 1997]:
' ',
[Wagner 2007: 2].
, . -
112
'-' [Davis 2002],

, , . , : [] [ ]
, , '
', '- ', ' ', '', '', --, - -- [Entman 1993: 52]. , ,
[Linsky 1986], -
, [McCombs 1981] .
, ' '. ,

. ,
: , ,

[Berelson 1951: 122]. ,
,
(, ' ', -, ,
).
' ' [Fiske, Hartley 1978], ' ', , ' '
. , ,
,

. , ,
( , ), , ,
113
, .

, ' ' [ 1996].
, . , , , , [Shoemaker, Reese 1996: 57].
' ' .
-, '' [Reese 1991]: .
.
-, '-' [Foote 1980]: , ,

.
. -
, [Zelizer 1993].
-, ' ' (. pack journalism)
[Crouse 1973]: , , . '' [Janis
1972],
.
-, , . , , ' ' (..
) .
' ' [Entman
2004]).
114
' ' [Fishman 1980],

: ,
, ,
[Wolfsfeld 2001: 229]. ' '
, -,
.
' ' (. watchdog journalism) [Marder
1998], , , . ,
, .
' ' (. burglar alarm),
, , , [Zaller 2003:
122]. , ' ' .
' ' (. monitorial citizen model)
[Schudson 1998] , ,
. , . ,
' '. , ' ', ,
.
, ,
[Rosen
1999: 187].
'' , ( '
' [Tuchman 1981]). , , .
, -
115
:
,

[Bennett, Lawrence, Livingston 2007:
68]. ' ' , : , , [Barker 2005: 3].
' ':
, '' ,
' '
. - ,
,
[Bennett, Lawrence,
Livingston 2007: 68].
,
, , [Noakes, Wilkins 2002: 652].
,
.
[ 1994],

:
, , ..
[ ].

, , , .
, , ,
, -
116
, , , , , , (, ..) , [ 2002: 93]. - , , : , , (

), , ,
, , , , (, ),
[ : 152].

, , .
, ..
. , , :
, , , , [ 2001: 53]. ,
, []
[ 2002: 116]. , : , , ( ),
[ : 116].
[ 2001]

. , '',
''. -
117
:
- , ,
, .
,
[ 2005: 109].
: , ,
.
: ( , ) , , ,
[ 2005: 226].
:
, -
, , , ,
[ 2005: 24-25].
, .
.
' ' [Herman, Chomsky 1988] - :
'' , , , ,
, , [] , [Ibid.: 1988: xi].
,
, ,
. , ,
. , , .
-
118
,
,
- .
, ,
.
-, ,
'' '',
. ,
, , . , [Leach 1962: 133]. , - - : 46,4%
, 72,3% -, ,
[Leyland 1999].
-,
. , [Valentini
2006: 8].
,
, , .
,
:
. - , ,
[Altshull
1984: 277-278].
,
:
119
1.
, .
2. ,
, .
3. ,
, ,
,

. , ,
'' .

,
, . , , ,
[Herman, Chomsky 1988: 22].

, , , .
4.

, , , .
5. ' ', , ' ':
,
, , -
120
, ,
[Ibid: 29].
( ) '
' ( ) '', , , .
, , : []
( , , , ) , [Ibid: 35].
, ,
, : ,
, ,
[ ] [Chomsky
1982: 81].
: , , , ... ,
,
[Robinson 2001: 13-14]. , ,
[Bennett, Lawrence, Livingston 2007: 189].
, :
,
, ,
[Paletz, Entman 1981].
' ' ' ' , :
121
, , , ;
, , , ,
...

, , ... -
, ,
[Chomsky 1989: 22].
, , ,
. , ' ',
' '. ,
:

, ,
[Herman, Chomsky 1988: 39].
' ' (. guard dog) [Donohue, Tichenor,
Olien 1995], ,
. , ,
. ,
, , ' ' [Iyengar
1991].
' ' [Bennett 1990].
, ,
, ( ) , , . ,
, , ,
[Bennett, Lawrence, Livingston 2007: 49].
122
' ' [Tuchman

1978], , , . ,
,
, , [Bennett 1990: 106].
' ' [Molotch, Protess, Gordon 1987].
, (, ).
, : ,
,
[Barker 2005: 5]. , ,
[Herrero 2007].
' '

[Wolfsfeld 1997]. ,
, .
, ,
,
[Cook
1998]. , ,
'' [Orren 1986]: , .
, '
'.
-, :
, , -
123
, , - . ,
[Bennett,
Lawrence, Livingston 2007: 3].
-,
, , , ,
. ' '.
-, :
, , , ,
[Ibid.: 4]. , , ' '.
,
. ,
, [Mazzoleni, Schulz 1999].
' ' ,
, . , , ,
, .
,
' ' [de Vreese, Elenbaas 2008],

.
'-' (. metacoverage) [Esser,
Reinemann, Fan 2001],
.
.
. ,
-
124
,
[ ]
, , [Chomsky
1982: 81]. , ' ' [Herman, Chomsky 1988],
. ' ' ,
[]
[Chomsky 1979: 5].
: ,
.
, .
, .
, , [Davis 2007: 194].
, , :
'' , ;
'' ,
[Walgrave, Soroka, Nuytemans 2008: 818].

( ) ,
,
, [Walgrave,
Nuytemans, De Winter 2004]. :
[, ]
[ ] , , , , , [Cook 1998: 165].
,
. : , ,
. , , -
125
,
[Zaller 1999: 59]. :

,
[Sellers 2010: 221]. , : ,
[Gilbert 1991: 117].
: ,
. - , ,
, ,
. ,
, , . ' '
.
[Blumler, Kavanagh 1999: 213].
,
, .
126
15

( ) , , :
, . , ,
[Thompson 2000: 105-106].
:
, ' ',

[Wolfsfeld 2007: 231]. (
'' ) ' ' [Thompson 1995].
, , ,
' ' [DiMaggio, Powell
1983]. (' ') , ( ) () [Loewenstein, Ocasio, Jones 2012].
' '
[Wooten, Hoffman 2008]
, , , , ,
' ' ' ': . , [Meyer,
Rowan 1977: 340]. '
' [Fredriksson, Pallas, Wehmeier 2013] , -
127
: , , ,
,
[Meyer, Rowan 1977: 340]. , ,
, , ;
,
, [Ibid: 341].
' '.
,
( ), , ,
, - [Thornton,
Ocasio 2008]. [ ]; , , [Thornton, Ocasio, Lounsbury 2012: 2].
, -, , ,

, , . -,
, , , , [Thornton,
Ocasio 1999: 804].
,
(1); , , (2); ,
(3):
, , ,
[] [Thornton, Ocasio
2008: 112].
128
, ,
, , ,
: , ; , .
, , , ,
[Meyer, Rowan 1977: 345].
, . ,
' ' , . ,
( , , , ,
),
.
: . , , ,
, , [March, Olsen 1989: 65-66].
( ) , ' ', ,
[Thornton, Ocasio 2008]. ,
[DiMaggio 1988],
, .
,
, , :
, -
129
,
[Seo, Creed 2002: 240].
(
) ,
,
[Nigam,
Ocasio 2010].

[DiMaggio, Powell 1983]:
' '
;
' '
;
' ' , .
, ,
(' '), ' ' ' '.
- ()
: ,
,
[Entman 1989: 20].
,
,
- () ( ' ' (. policy cutting)): -
, , ,
[Kepplinger 2007: 13]. .
130
' ', ( ) ,
[Kahneman, Tversky 1979].
, , .
, .
. , ,
' ',
: , ' !' ' '.

[Strmbck 2008]:
1.

, . , .
2.
.
3.
, , -.
: -, , , ,
[Altheide, Snow 1991: ix-x].
, , .
4.
'' , [Blumenthal 1980], . -
131

[Heclo 2000: 17], , [Bennett, Manheim 2007: 282].
' ' [Manheim 1991]
,
, ,
, ,
[Heclo 2000: 15]. ,
: : ,
, [Ibid: 13]. ,
, [] [Loomis 2000: 162]. , (
), : ,
, ,
[Heclo 2000: 14]. , , , , , , , , [Ibid: 33].
[Blumler,
Kavanagh 1999]:
(-, , -, , ,
, ' ');
(, ' ');
;
( , , , , '').
132
:
, : ..,
.
, , ,
[Zaller 1999: 67].

- , - [ 2003: 10]. : , a, ,
, , , ... ;
, , . ,
, ... [Katz 2000: 129]. :
, / . . , . , .
, , [Calhoun 1992: 7].
, : -
, ? ,
, ,
? ?
133
[Schrder, Phillips 2007: 890-891].

.
, ,
.
. , ' ' ( ) [ 2001] , .
.
, , . ,
, . [,
2011].
-,
,
. -, , . -,
- , ,
, , ()
[ : 100-101].

.
?
-,
(, ). -,
, (.. ).
134
:
[]. , , , [Shoemaker, Reese 1996:
117]. , ,
, ,
[Mazzoleni, Schulz 1999]. , ,
' '
' '
[Schrder, Phillips 2007], ' ' .
' ' '' [Boorstin 1962], :
-
[Esser, Spanier2003]. ,
, [Swanson 2004]. [Plasser et al. 1996; Pfetsch 1999], .. , c .
,
.
, - , . ( ) , .
, , , . , ' ' 21 2012
( ' ' ' '), .
:

135
,
[Bennett 1992: 403].
: ,
. ,
[Pfetsch 1998].

, [Pfetsch 1998] , ,
.

, , ' ': ' ' [Altheide 2004],
.
, ' ' , [Bennett 2005: 365].
, ,
' '
[Bennett 2005: 375].
, : ,
,
, ,
(
).
,
, ,
[Richards 2004: 342].
136
, : , .
, ,
. , , ,
[Richards 2004: 342]. , ,
[Bennett 2005: 375-376].
( ), ,
, , [Richards 2004]. , , [Mouffe 2000]: , ,
, ,
[Simon 1985: 302]. : , , , ,
. ,
, , , , ( ) .

[Caplan 2003: 234].
, [ 1993],
[Blatter 2003: 519], ,
[Marcuse 1969: 64].
137
, , ,
.
, , . , , .
, , ' ',
, : ,
, , ' ' [Baum 2004: 315].
,
' '. , ,
.
, ' ' [Baum 2002],
, ' ',
'', ' ' . , , , ,
' ' [Baum, Jamison 2006]. ' '
,
.
' ' [Mulligan 2012] ( '') ,
: ,
, .
, [Bucy, Grabe 2007], , , [Nelson, Boynton].
138
, , : , , , , , , :

[Olson, Finnegan, Hope 2008].
,
,
,
, :
, , , ,
[Dayan, Katz 1992: 118].
,

, ,
.
139
16

,
[Rein, Schn 1977: 239]. ,
[Gamson, Modigliani 1987: 143]. ' '
, ,
, ( ) ,
[Entman 2007: 170]. ,
.
, 80% [Cameron, Sallot,
Curtin 1997].
' ' [Luhman 2005]
[Gubrium, Hostein 2008],
[Roe 1994]
[Ryan 2009]: ,
, ,
[Boswell 2010].
- ,
[Todorov 1971; Chatman 1978; Bruner 1990; Ryan 2009]. , ,

[Schank, Abelson 1995].
(, , , , ..), : , [Brooks 2006: 6].
140
(
) . :
,
[Polkinghorne 1988: 36].
, [ 2006]. ' '
[Schn 1979] ''
,
, , '' '' [Rein,
Schn 1994].
, ' '
, , ,
,
[Seifert 2002: 277].
: ,
[Weick 1995: 129]. (), ()
() [Hogan et al. 2008: 49].

' ' [Nagel
1961]
[Kaplan 1986]. : , , , , . ,
, [Ricur 1984: 148].
: ,
,
, , , , , , ..
, , [Paley 2009: 24].
: , .
141
,
[Renegar, Malkowski 2009].
. , , [Baden 2010]. ,

: , ,
[Boswell 2010], .
, , [Campbell, Docherty 2004].
[Roe 1994] : , [Hajer 2002: 62].
, :
,
, , -
,
[Appel, Richter 2010: 4-5]. , , : , [Amsterdam, Bruner 2000:
30], , [Bruner
1986: 11-13]. : . .

[Fischer, Gottweis 2012: 13].
,
.

,
:
: (
), (
142
, ) ,
[Czarniawska 2004: 9].

' ' (. stock story) [Amsterdam, Bruner 2000]
, , ,
[Hnninen 2004, 73-74].
, ' ' (. worldmaking stories) [Campbell,
Docherty 2004]
,
: , , , , , [Ibid: 772-773].
' ', ,
: ,
, [Yanow 1992: 401].
, - , , :
, ,
. XVII , ,
[ 1994: 487].
' ', , , [Cuthbertson 1975: 157].
(. account) [Scott,
Lyman 1968].
, , , :
, ,
,
143
,
( ) ,
, , , [Ibid: 46]. - (
[Austin 1962]),
, [Harre 2001]. , , .
' ' [Elsbach 2001]
, .
'
' .
' ', : , '' , ' ' [Scott,
Lyman 1968: 53]. , : , , - [Ibid: 54].
.
:
- , ,
,
,
, [Flood 2009].
(. narrative policy) [Jones, McBeth
2010] ,
.
( ) , ,
-
144
[Boswell 2010]. , , : ,
, (, , ,
)
[Ibid.].
,
( ) :
[Delori, Zittoun 2009: 3]. : , , , , . , [] [Ross 2011]. ,
, ,

[Boswell 2010].
:
, [Chong, Druckman 2007: 111].
.
'', '', '', '' '' [Ryan 2009].
[Kinnebrock, Bilandzic 2006]:
;
[Green, Brock 2000];
;
, ,
[Stone 1989]:
(., ), , -
, . , -
145
,
[Jones, McBeth 2010: 344];
(,
,
);
,
;
- ,
;
,
;
' ' ,
;
, .
.
,
(. blame management) [Hood et al. 2007]:

, , . ,
,
. , - ,
[] [Stone 1988: 138].

,
, , ' '
[Nie 2003];
: , , , , -
146
, . ,
, [McBeth et al. 2007: 90].
, , [Roe 1994: 2]. , ,
' ' [Hajer 1993],
.
[Rein, Schn 1993]
.
, , , . / [Schn, Rein 1994].
, -
' ': [Stone 1989: 299].
,
,
,
,
[Gotsbachner 2009: 61]. ,
, [Berinsky, Kinder
2006: 640].
'
' [Stone 1988], : (1) (2) (3) (4)
. , : ''
(2+3), '' (2+4), '' (1+3) '' (1+4). :
, .
-, ,
147
, , [Ibid: 293].
: . ,
[Ibid: 289].
' ' (' ') ,
, ' '
.
' ' [Green, Brock 2000], , , , [Green, Brock
2000]. , , [Petty, Cacioppo 1981].
, , , '-':
[Newhagen 2002]. , : ,
: ,
[Boudon 1997: 21].

, : , , , , , [
] [Szasz 1994: 63]. ,
[Newhagen, Reeves 1992], , [Messaris, Abraham 2001].
/
- , : , -
148
,
[Fischer, Gottweis 2012: 14].
, [Page, Shapiro,
Dempsey 1987] ( ), [Dutton, Ashford 1993] ( -)
[Arnold, McCroskey 1967] ,
- .
, :
, , , ...
, , [Hilgartner, Bosk 1988: 62].
: , ' ' ,
[, 2003: 426].
, [Chatman 1990; Herman, Vervaeck 2005].
,
[Zott, Huy 2007]

.
' ':
, ,

[ 2001: 58].
' ' [Bormann 1995], (, , ) , ,
: ,
[Gendlin 1962: 5]. , :
[Palenchar, Heath 2002:
149
135].
:
,
, , , [Bales
1970: 152].
, , , , : [Edelman 1971: 32]. ,
. , ,
[, 2008], [Coman 2005]: , , ,
, [Edelman 1964: 95-96].
: ,
.
, .
. ,
[March, Olsen 1984: 744]. : [ 2001: 53].
(, , , ' ', ) ' ' [Coombs 2006]:
, ,
, [Olson, Finnegan, Hope 2008]. (, , ,
), , ,
,
.
' ' [
150
1994] : ,
,
[Zott, Huy 2007: 47].

(, , , , )
: , . ,
, [Bennett 2005: 369].
, ,

.
151
IV

17

,
? [Benhabib 1996: 74]. ' ',
( , ).
' ' [Dryzek 1990]
, , ,
.
,
[Dryzek 2001]. :
, , ,
,
[Hunold 2001: 154]. ,

,
[Mansbridge et al. 2006].

, , ,
, [Schmitt-Beck 2008].

: , -
152
.
,
[Manin 2005: 16]. ; ,
[Fearon 1998]. ' ' [Nooteboom 1992] ,
,
.
' ' [Blader, Tyler 2003], ,
, , ,
. , , , ,
,
.
, , ,
. , ,
[Schneiderhan, Khan 2008].

, : ,
, ,
, . : , , ,
[Chambers 2003: 309].
[Bchtiger
et al. 2010]. I ' ',
153
, ,
. II , [Ibid.: 33]. ,
' ', ' ' [Steenbergen et al. 2003]. ,
' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' '.
' ;, ( ), (
) [Bobbio 2010]. (, ), (, ), (,
).
,
, , : ,
, [Ibid.: 18].

' ': ,
[Cohen 1989: 19].
,
c :
-
[Parkinson
2003: 180]. ,
, , , : -
154
, , [Gastil,
Burkhalter 2008].
,
, () , [Gutmann, Thompson
2004].
,
,
.
, , . , , ( , ), , [Sancho 2003: 3].
,

[Bohman 1998: 401].
' '
- [Hendriks 2002]:
, ,
, , -,
, .
, , , ,
' ', [Crosby 1995].
' ' (. iterated deliberation) [Gutmann, Thompson 2004], , , ,
..
, .
'' , -
155
[Dryzek 2009].
, , ' ' [Levitsky,
Way 2002], ,
- ,
.

,
' '. -, :
. -, :

, . -,
: [Hunold 2001].
:
1.
' ': , ' ', : , [Dryzek 2002: 68].
, ,
, ,
(
), [Parkinson 2003:
186].
, ,
, [Besson, Marti 2006]. , ,
, , ,
[Elster 1998: 12]. -
156
,
, ,
[Sancho 2003]. ' ' [Elster 1998] ,
, . ,
( )
.
, .
,
, [McGann 2006]. .
' ' [Fung 2006]. ' ' , ' '
, ' ' .
' ' [Mansbridge 1992],

,
. , ' ' , ,
: '' , . , , , [Dryzek, Niemeyer 2008: 490].
, , [Castiglione,
Warren 2006].
2.
'': ,
157

,

, .
' ' ,
' ' :
( )
[Wessler 2008].
, .
'' '' . , , [Naurin 2006].
.
,
' ',
, [Thompson 2008]. , , . () , ,
[Naurin 2006: 192].
,

.
,
,
[Schfer 2010].
3.
' ' ' ':
158
,
, .
. ,
,
. , ..
[Williams, Rice, Rogers 1988].
' ' [Pettit 2001], , .
, ,
, ,
[ 1995: 199]. ,

. : ,
, , [] ,
, , [Lafont 2006: 8-9].
, , , , . , ,
, ,
[Galston 1991].
, .
: , , , [Neuman 1991: 95]. :
, , [Bennett 1996:
2223]. , , , , ,
159

[Deneen 2008: 71].
4.
' ' ' ':
, :
, , [Hartz-Karp 2007]. ,
,
: . . ,
,
,
[Cohen 1989: 21]. ,
,
[Besson, Marti 2006: xix]. : ,
, ,
[Gutmann, Thompson 1996: 26].

, ,
' ' [Dryzek 2000].
, [Friberg-Fernros, Schaffer 2011].
,
.
, ' ': '-' , . , . -
160

, [McGann 2006].
5.
' ':
, ,
[Cohen 1989: 20]. ,
, , , [Fung, Wright 2003: 17]. ,
, [Sancho 2003: 6].
, , , [Chambers 1996].
, , .

' ' ,
,
[Sanders 1997]. ,
.
'' '' .
, ,
, .
,
[Remer 2000].
, , ,
[Weaver et al. 2007]. (, ) , ( ),
[Marsden 1987]. ( -
161
) - ,
.
6.
'':
, , , . ,
, [Dryzek 2001: 651]. [Hunold 2001: 159].
,
, ' ' ( ). . , : , , , [Wessler 2008]. , ,

, : , [Parkinson 2003: 184].
,
' '. , , ,

[Dryzek 2001]. ,

, '' , . , . ,
,
,
. , ,
162
, [Dryzek, Niemeyer
2008: 493]. : , ' ', '', ' ' ' ' [Ibid.: 485]. ,
(, ), ,
.
, , ( , )
' ' [Pitkin 1967],
.
7.
' ':
, .
.

[Arnstein 1969]:
1.
: ,
,
;
2.
: ,
;
3.
:
, ;
4.
: ,

;
5.
: ,
;
6.
:
.
163
, , , ,
: [] [ ] ,
[Hibbing, Theiss-Morse 2002: 191].
, ' ' (. logrolling) [Miller 1999]
. ,
y, x.
'' . x y, , , [Ibid.].
,
, [Riker,
Brams 1973].
8.
' ' ' ':
, . ,
, . ,
, .
9.
' ': ,
. (
) ,

[Parkinson 2003: 182].
[Dryzek 2009]:
1. (, ,
164
, , ,
);
2. ' ' (, : , );
3. ( , , );
4. ;
5. ,
.

, ,
,

[Karppinen 2007: 498].
, -, .
, ,
[Rinke et al. 2012]:
;
;
;
.
,
,
. , , ,
, [Wessler
2008].
165
, , ,
[Posner 2003]. , , [Hibbing, Theiss-Morse 1995]. , ,
, , ,
, , [Fung 2006: 67]. ,
,
[Sanders 1997: 348].
, ,

, (., , , ) [Negt, Kluge 1993: 1].
, :
,
. , , , [Wessler 2008].
, , [Calvert, Warren
2014: 7].
,

.
, ; , ,
, ; , ,
[Parkinson 2003]. ,
, , -
166
[] , [Besson, Marti 2006: xviii].

,
, , [Schattschneider 1960:
138]. ,
: , , , , , , . , ,
, ,
[Mansbridge 1983, x-xi]. :
' '
[Stoker,
Tusinski 2006].
, : , , : , ,
[McKerrow 2012: 107].
,
, -
,
, , [Somin 2010]. ,
:
, .
, . :
[ 1995: 347]. ' ' [,
1984], , .
' ' -
167
:
, , , . , , , [Young 1996].
, ' ', ' ' , , :
, ,
- [Reich 1988].
' ' [ 2000] , : , [ : 195].
: , , , , ,
,
. , [ : 192]. ,
[ : 196],
[ : 193].

: . ,
[, 2003: 505]. ,

, , , , ,
[Sanders 1997].
168
,
, .
169
18

,
,

[Grunig, Hunt 1984].
, '' ,
, .
''
,
' '.
'' , , , , , . , ,
,
, ''.
, , : ,
( ),
, , ,
[Grunig 1992: 175]. :
, , , [Grunig 2001: 18].
, , .
'' ,

, ''
'' .
''
170
:
, . , .
,
[Botan, Taylor 2004: 8].
'
' ' ' [Kent, Taylor 2002]:
1. ''
, ;
2. ''
, '' ;
3. '' ,
;
4. '' ,
, ;
5. '' , , , .
,
,
, .
2011
' ', , , '': ,
[Grunig 2011: 13]. , : , [Morrell 2005]. ,
171
'' [Botan, Soto 1998]

:
1. . '' , '' .
2. . , ''
, , , .
3. .

.
4. . , ''.
5. . '' .
6. . '' ,
.

'', :
, , - ; '';

[Baker 1999]. , TARES [Baker, Martinson 2001]: , , , ,
.
, ' ' '', , . : ,
, -
172
, [Edwards, Hodges 2011].

'':
, : ,
?
? , ? [Lane 2005: 11].
, ' ', ' '
, [L'Etang 2009: 14].
: ,
. , ,
[Haugland 1996: 17]. ,
.
, ' ' :
1.
: '' , . '' ,
, , , '' ,
, '' [Dickerson 2012].
''
,
.
, '', ,
? , ' ' .
2.
: ''
, :
173
, , , , ,
,
[Dahl 1985: 55]. :
.
, , , . ,
,
[Stoker, Tusinski 2006].
3.
: ''
. , [ 2004]: [Stoker, Tusinski
2006]. [Burkart
2004], , ,
, [] [Stoker, Tusinski 2006]. , '' -
, :
, ,
, , - [Ibid]. , .

'' , ''
: , , , [Christensen, Langer 2009: 147-148]. ,
, :
, . , ,
174
, [Christensen, Langer
2009: 141-142].
4.
: ''
. , ' ' ' '. ,
'' ,
,
, [Lane 2005].
'',
? ''
: '' ' ' . []
- ,
[Stoker, Tusinski
2006]. ( ) '', ''-,
.
' ' '
' : , , ,

. , ' ' ,
,
[Hibbing, Theiss-Morse 2002: 191].
, ' ' ' ' ''
( ), ' ': , ,
, ,
, ,
175
[Stoker, Tusinski 2006].

5.
' ': '',
. , ( )
, , '' (
, , ).
6.
'': '' . ,
, .
7.
' ':
. , , , , .
, ' '
, '', ,
[Susskind, Field 1996: 155]. ,
[L'Etang 1996: 97], : , , ,
, , .
, ,
, [Leitch, Neilson
1997: 19].
, '
' ,
[Jackson 2010:
11]. , , .
: [ ] -
176
[Jackson 2010: 16].

,

, , , , , [Szasz 1994: 62-63]. ' ': - , [Craig 2003: 86-87]. , [Olson, Finnegan, Hope 2008] ' '.
, ' ' ( ' ') ' ' [Elsbach, Sutton 1992], :
, , [Dayan, Katz
1992: 118].
, , - (
, '')
( ), [Motion, Leitch 2007].
, [Ibid: 268].
[Holmstrom 2005],
[Vaara, Tienari, Laurila 2006: 793]. , ' ' ( ), : , ,
[Yoon 2005: 768].
177
'
', [van Ruler, Veri
2003]. , , , .
[van Ruler 2004]:
1. (
).
2.
(
).
3.
, ( ).
4. ( ).
,
. , , -, - '', , , , ,
(, , ). ,
' ' , -, ' '
(beneficial PR) : [ ] , , ,
[Moloney 2000: 156-157].
.
, '' -
178
, . : ,
[Grunig 1990].
, :
- ,
[Davis 2004: 163].
: , ,
.
, .
, , , ,
[Callaghan, Schnell 2001: 187].
' ' (intereffication model) [Bentele et al. 1997].
, , .
[Bentele 2002]. : , - , , ( ). , -
, - ,
,
- (' ') ' ' ( ).
, ( , ), :

, , , , , , , . , , -
179
, [Hallahan 1999: 224].

' ' , ,
[van Ruler, Veri 2005: 266].
' ' [Moloney 2000], , ,
. ,
, [Barney, Black
1994]. , [Kruckeberg, Starck 1988: 4],

.
, : ,
, , ,
, , . ,
, . , ,
, [Holtzhausen 2002:
258].
, , ,
,
[Blumler, Kavanagh 1999: 213]. , .
, , '' , [Ibid: 214].
, -
180
, .
, ' ' .
181
19
-
( )
( ) ( ) ( ), ,
.
' ' [Kckelhaus 1998] ( )
, .
'-' [Davis
2002]: , , .
,
: , , ,
, , , '-'. , , [Fredriksson, Pallas, Wehmeier
2013: 4]. , , , , ,
, , ' '.
, , ,
, .
, (
) . (., , , , ) ( vs. ), , -
182
(, , , , ..).

:
- ;
( ) ;

( ) ;

, ;
, ,
;

, ;
- ;
, ,
, ;

, ;
183
, - ;

(, , ) -
;
,
;
, , , ,
;
-
;
-
;
.. ' ;
- ;
184
-, , ,

;

:
1. ;
2. ;
3. ' ';
4. (' ', ' ', , , ,
, , , );
5. ;
6. ;
7. ;
8. ;
9. ;
10. () .

- , '-' ('-',
185
'') [Maltese 1994; Sumpter, Tankard 1994]: -

.
, ,
[Soto, Reinemann, Fan
2000: 216].

[Andrews 2006].
[Pearson, Patching 2008], - : ,
,
[Esser, Spanier 2005: 34].
,
,
, .
, - ' ', , , , ..
,
[Stockwell 2007]. ,
, ,
[Rosenstiel 1994: 309]. :
, -, ,
[Jones 1995: 169].
-
,
-:
, '-' [Esser 2008:
4785].
- ,
: -
-; [Craig 2003: 84]. ,

.
- ' ',
186
,
' ', ' ' ' '.
' ', , [Dale 1985].

[Richardson 2002]. ' '
,
. , , , .
( ) , ( )
. , .
- ' ', , ,
' ' .
,
' ' [Esser,
Reinemann, Fan 2000; Gaber 2000; Pitcher 2002; Starick 2005]:
1.

;
2.
,

;
3.
;
4.
:
187
5.

;
6.

;
7.
;
8.

;
9.
,
.
' ' [Edelman 1977]

.
[McQueen et al. 2011] .
,
'' (.
chournalism) [Davies 2008], - ()

. , ' '
, .
' ' , , ,
. ,
-,
.
, , , , ,
' ' [Gandy 1982]:
, [Berkowitz 1991: 249]. , -
188
: '' , ,
, . ,
,
, [] , [Sigal 1973: 53].

, . ,
-, ,
[Sigal 1973].
, ' ',
, ''
'' [Esser, Reinemann, Fan 2000: 215]. ,
, ( ) ,
. - (. meta-coverage)
[Esser, DAngelo 2003] '
-' [Esser, Reinemann, Fan 2000: 218] '' [Stockwell 2007].
,
, , [Plasser 2005: 53], -
.
- -
, ' ' [Svet 2010]. , , ' '
.
, ,
, ,
, , -
[Stockwell 2007: 130].
189
,
.
190
,
,
.
' ' , , .
' ' (' ', '', '')

.
,
,
. , , ,
, , , , .
, ,
, .
' ' (
) ,
, , .

.
, , .
-
191
' '.
, .
, ,
.

, ' ' ,
.

-.
C ' ',
-.
, ' ', .
,
, ,
.
, ,
,
, . ' '
' ',
, .
, (
) .
192

1.
.. . - ? // . . -. ., 2005. . 221-248.
2.
.. . . . ., 2010.
3.
.. . ., 1994.
4.
.., .. . ., 1994.
5.
. . ,
. ., 2000.
6.
., . . ., 1995.
7.
.. : . ., 1996.
8.
. // / . .. . ., 1990. .153-172.
9.
. // . -
/ . . H.A. . ., 2001.
10.
. . ., 1994.
11.
. . ., 2002.
12.
. . ., 1993.
13.
. // / . ..
. ., 1990. C. 133-154.
14.
.. //
/ . . .. . ., 2003.
15.
., . . .
.,1984.
16.
.. // : . / . .
.. . ., 1995.
17.
.. : . ., 2000. 432 .
18.
. : . ., 2000.
19.
. : . ., 2010.
20.
.., . . ., 2003.
21.
., . , . ., 2008.
22.
. . ., 2001.
23.
. . ., 2005.
24.
. . . ., 2007.
25.
.. : . ., 2003.
26.
.
//
. . 23. . .,1988. . 281-309.
27.
. . ., 1979.
28.
. // . 1992. .1. 2. . 83-95.
193
29.
. // . 2004. 2 (42). P. 180197.
30.
. . .
, 1998.
31.
- . . . ., 1996.
32.
.. . ., 2010.
33.
-- . . ., 2003.
34.
. . ., 2007.
35.
.. (. .). . ., 2003.
36.
.., .. . ., 2010.
37.
.
2006.
URL:
www.cursorinfo.co.il/analize/2006/03/01/discurs.
38.
. . , 1995.
39.
.., .. PR-: - .
, 2008.
40.
.. // . 2007.
11. . 78-92.
41.
. // (10-30- . ): / . . .. , .. . .,
1980. . 63-69.
42.
.. // . . - . , 1997.
43.
.. // . . 2004.
1.
44.
. . ., 1999.
45.
.., .. -. . , 2004.
46.
. : , . ., 1996.
47.
. / . . 1993. 4. C. 43-63.
48.
., .. : // : /
. .. . , 2000. . 18-53.
49.
.. : (19912000). , 2001.
50.
., . , // IV . ., 1976. . 208-220.
51.
.. // .
2001. 7. . 106-112.
52.
.. , . ., 1995.
53.
. //
/ . . . ., 1994. C. 481-496.
54.
., . : -
194
// . 2011. .10. 1-2. . 87-113.

55.
Abel E. Television in international conflict // The news media and national and international conflict / eds. A. Arno, W. Dissayanake. Boulder: Westview Press, 1984. P. 63-70.
56.
Abolafia M.Y. Framing moves: Interpretive politics at the Federal Reserve // Journal of
Public Administration Research and Theory. 2004. Vol. 14 (3). P. 349-370.
57.
Altheide D.L. Media logic and political communication // Political Communication.
2004. Vol. 21 (3). P. 293-296.
58.
Altheide D.L. The news media, the problem frame, and the production of fear // The Sociological Quarterly. 1997. Vol. 38 (4). P. 647-668.
59.
Altheide D.L., Snow R.P. Media logic. London: Sage Publications, 1979.
60.
Altheide D.L., Snow R.P. Media worlds in the Postjournalism Era. Hawthorne: Aldine
de Gruyter, 1991.
61.
Altshull J.H. Agents of power: The Role of the news media in human affairs. N.Y.: Free
Press, 1984.
62.
Amsterdam A.G., Bruner J.S. Minding the law. Cambridge: Harvard University Press,
2000.
63.
Andrews L. Spin: From tactic to tabloid // Journal of Public Affairs. 2006. 6. P. 3145.
64.
Appel M., Richter T. Transportation and need for affect in narrative persuasion. A mediated moderation model // Media Psychology. 2010.Vol. 13. P. 101-135.Arnold W.E., McCroskey J.C. The credibility of reluctant testimony // The Central States Speech Journal. 1967. Vol.
18. P. 97-103.
65.
Arnstein S.R. A ladder of citizen participation // American Institute of Planning Journal.
1969. 35. P. 216-224.
66.
Arrow K. Social choice and individual values. N.Y.: John Wiley and Sons, 1951.
67.
Austin J.L. How to do things with words. London: Oxford University Press, 1962.
68.
Bchtiger A., Hangartner D. Institutions, culture, and deliberative ideals: A theoretical
and empirical inquiry // Prepared for delivery at the 2007 Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, August 30-September 2, 2007.
69.
Bchtiger A., Niemeyer S., Neblo M., Steenbergen M.R., Steiner J. Disantangling diversity in deliberative democracy: Competing theories, their blind spots and complementarities //
The Journal of Political Philosophy. 2010. Vol. 18 (1). P. 32-63.
70.
Baden C. Contextualizing frames in political discourse. Using semantic network analysis
to investigate political parties framing strategies in the Dutch EU referendum campaign // Paper submitted to the International Communication Association (ICA) Annual Conference in
Singapore, June 2010.
71.
Baden C., de Vreese C.H. Making sense: A Reconstruction of people's understandings of
the European constitutional referendum in the Netherlands // Communications. 2008. Vol. 33.
P. 117-146.
72.
Baden C., Koch T. The dynamics of frames in media discourse: Stability and change in
the Dutch press coverage of the EU Constitution // Presented at the 61st ICA Annual Conference, 26-30 May 2011, Boston, MA.
195
73.
Bagdikian B. The media monopoly. Boston: Beacon, 1990.
74.
Baker S. Five baselines for justification in persuasion // Journal of Mass Media Ethics.
1999. Vol. 14 (2). P. 69-81.
75.
Baker S., Martinson D.L. The TARES test: Five principles for ethical persuasion // Journal of Mass Media Ethics. 2001. Vol. 16 (2-3). P. 148-175.
76.
Bales R.F. Personality and interpersonal behavior. N.Y.: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston,
1970.
77.
Barker M. Manufacturing policies: The medias role in the policy making process. Referred paper presented to the Journalism Education Conference, Griffith University, 29.11.
02.12. 2005.
78.
Barney R., Black J. Ethics and professional persuasive communications // Public Relations Review. 1994. Vol. 20 (3). P. 233-248.
79.
Basil M.D. Identification as a mediator of celebrity effects // Journal of Broadcasting and
Electronic Media. 1996. Vol. 40. P. 478-495.
80.
Bateson G. Steps to an ecology of mind: Collected essays in anthropology, psychiatry,
evolution, and epistemology. N.Y.: Ballantine Books, 1972.
81.
Baum M.A. Circling the wagons: Soft news and isolationism in American public opinion
// International Studies Quarterly. 2004. Vol. 48 (2). P. 313-338.
82.
Baum M.A. Sex, lies, and war: How soft news brings foreign policy to the inattentive
public // American Journal of Political Science. 2002. 96. P. 91-109.
83.
Baum M.A., Jamison A.S. The Oprah effect: How soft news helps inattentive citizens
vote consistently // The Journal of Politics. 2006. Vol. 68 (4). P. 946-959.
84.
Baumgartner F.R., Jones B.D. Agenda dynamics and policy subsystems // The Journal of
Politics. 1991. Vol. 53 (4). P. 1044-1074.
85.
Baumgartner F.R., Mahoney C. The two faces of framing. Individual-level framing and
collective issue definition in the European Union // European Union Politics. 2008. Vol. 9 (3). P.
435-449.
86.
Beck D.E., Cowan .. Spiral dynamics: Mastering values, leadership and change. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 2002.
87.
Behn R.D. Rethinking democratic accountability. Washington: Brookings Institution
Press, 2001.
88.
Benford R.D. An insiders critique of the social movement framing perspective // Sociological Inquiry. 1997. 67. . 409-430.
89.
Benford R.D., Snow D.A. Framing processes and social movements: An Overview and
assessment // Annual Review of Sociology. 2000. 26. P. 611-639.
90.
Benhabib S. Toward a deliberative model of democratic legitimacy // Democracy and
difference: Contesting the boundaries of the political / ed. S. Benhabib. rinceton: Princeton
University Press, 1996. P. 67-94.
91.
Bennett W.L. An introduction to journalism norms and representations of politics // Political Communication. 1996. 13. . 373-384.
92.
Bennett W.L. Beyond pseudoevents: Election news as reality TV // American Behavioral
Scientist. 2005. Vol. 49 (3). P. 364-378.
196
93.
Bennett W.L. News: The Politics of illusion. N.Y.: Longman, 1984.
94.
Bennett W.L. Toward a theory of press-state relations in the United States // Journal of
Communication. 1990. Vol. 40 (2). . 103-125.
95.
Bennett W.L. White noise: The Perils of mass mediated democracy // Communication
Monographs. 1992. 59. P. 401-406.
96.
Bennett W.L., Edelman M. Homo Narrans: Toward a new political narrative // Journal of
Communication. 1985. Vol. 35 (4). P. 156-171.
97.
Bennett W.L., Entman R.M. Mediated politics: An Introduction // Mediated politics:
Communication in the future of democracy / eds. W.L. Bennett, R.M. Entman. N.Y.: Cambridge University Press, 2001. P. 1-29.
98.
Bennett W.L., Lawrence R., Livingston S. When the press fails: Political power and the
news media from Iraq to Katrina. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007.
99.
Bennett W.L., Manheim J.B. The big spin: Strategic communication and the transformation of pluralist democracy // Mediated politics: Communication in the future of democracy /
eds. W.L. Bennett, R.M. Entman. N.Y.: Cambridge University Press, 2007. P. 279-298.
100. Bentele G. Parasitism or symbiosis? The intereffication model under discussion // Spanning the Boundaries of Communication / eds. S. Eskelinen, T. Saranen, T. Tuhkio Saarijarvi.
Jyvskyl: University of Jyvskyl, 2002. P. 13-29.
101. Bentele G. Public relations and reality: A Contribution to a theory of public relations //
Public Relations Research: An International Perspective / eds. D. Moss, T. MacManus, D. Vercic. London: International Thompson Business Press, 1997. P. 89-109.
102. Bentele G. Wie wirklich ist die Medienwirklichkeit? Einige Anmerkungen zum Konstrukti- vismus und Realismus in der Kommunikationswissenschaft // Problemfelder, Positionen, Perspektiven / eds. G. Bentele, M. Ruhl. Munchen: Olschlager, 1993. P. 152-171.
103. Bentele G., Liebert T., Seeling S. Von der Determination zur Intereffikation: Ein integriertes Modell zum Verhltnis von Public Relations und Journalimus // Aktuelle Entstehung
von ffentlichkeit. Akteure, Strukturen, Vernderungen / eds. G. Bentele, M. Haller. Konstanz:
UVK, 1997. S. 225-250.
104. Berelson B.R. Communication and public opinion // Communication in Modern Society.
1951. 3. 122 p.
105. Berinsky A.J., Kinder D.R. Making sense of issues through media frames: Understanding the Kosovo crisis // The Journal of Politics. 2006. Vol. 68 (3). P. 640-656.
106. Berkowitz D. Assessing forces in the selection of local television news // Journal of
Broadcasting and Electronic Media. 1991. 35. . 245-251.
107. Besson S., Marti J.L. Introduction // Deliberative democracy and its discontents / eds. S.
Besson, J.L. Marti. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing, 2006. P. xv-xxxiii.
108. Billig M. Arguing and thinking. A rhetorical approach to social psychology. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1987.
109. Bird S.E. The audience in everyday life: Living in a media world. N.Y.: Routledge,
2003.
110. Birkland T.A. The world changed today: Agenda-setting and policy change in the
wake of the September 11 Terrorist Attacks // Review of Policy Research. 2004. Vol. 21 (2). P.
197
179-200.
111. Birkland T.A. Focusing events, mobilization, and agenda setting // Journal of Public Policy. 1998. Vol. 18 (1). P. 53-74.
112. Bitzer L.F. The rhetorical situation // Philosophy and Rhetoric. 1968. 1. P. 1-14.
113. Black . Metaphor // Black M. Models and metaphor. Studies in Language and Philosophy. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1962. P. 25-47.
114. Blader S.L., Tyler T.R. A Four-component model of procedural justice: Defining the
meaning of a fair process // personality and social psychology bulletin. 2003. Vol. 29 (6).
P.747-758.
115. Blatter J. Beyond hierarchies and networks: Institutional logics and change in transboundary spaces // Governance: An International Journal of Policy, Administration, and Institutions. 2003. Vol. 16 (4). P. 503-526.
116. Blumenthal S. The permanent campaign: Inside the world of elite political operatives.
Boston: Beacon Press, 1980.
117. Blumer H. Social problems as collective behavior // Social Problems. 1971. 18. P.
298-306.
118. Blumer Y. Sociological implications of the thought of George Herbert Mead //American
Journal of Sociology. 1966. 71. . 535-548.
119. Blumler J.G., Kavanagh D. The Third Age of political communication: Influences and
features // Political Communication. 1999. 16. P. 209-230.
120. Bobbio L. Types of deliberation // Journal of Public Deliberation. 2010. Vol. 6 (2). article 1.
121. Boesch E.E. Symbolic action theory and cultural psychology. Berlin: Springer Verlag,
1991.
122. Bohman J.F. Survey article: The Coming of age of deliberative democracy // The Journal
of Political Philosophy. 1998. Vol. 6 (4). P. 400-425.
123. Boin A., 't Hart P., McConnell A. Crisis exploitation: Political and policy impacts of
framing contests // Journal of European Public Policy. 2009. Vol. 16 (1). P. 81-106.
124. Boorstin D.J. The image: Or what happened to the American dream. N.Y.: Atheneum,
1962/1977.
125. Booth-Butterfield S., Welbourne J. The elaboration likelihood model: Its impact on persuasion theory and research // The persuasion handbook: Developments in theory and practice /
eds. J. Dillard, M. Pfau. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 2002. P. 155-175.
126. Bormann E.G. Symbolic convergence theory: A Communication formulation // Journal
of Communication. 1995. Vol. 35 (4). P. 128-138.
127. Boswell J. Policy narratives in a deliberative system // Australian Political Science Association Conference, September 2628, 2010, University of Melbourne.
128. Botan C.H., Soto F. A semiotic approach to the internal functioning of publics: Implications for strategic communication and public relations // Public Relations Review. 1998. 24,
P. 21-44.
129. Botan C.H., Taylor M. Public relations: State of the field // Journal of Communication.
2004. 54. P. 1-17.
198
130. Boudon R. The moral sense // International Sociology. 1997. Vol. 12. P. 5-24.
131. Bourdieu P. Outline of a theory of practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
1972.
132. Bovens M.A.P., 't Hart P. Understanding policy fiascoes. New Brunswick: Transaction,
1996.
133. Bovens M.A.P., 't Hart P., Dekker S., Verheuvel G. The politics of blame avoidance: Defensive tactics in a Dutch crime-fighting fiasco // When things go wrong: Organizational failures and breakdowns / ed. H.K. Anheier. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 1999. P. 123-147.
134. Bradford J.L., Garrett D.E. The effectiveness of corporate communicative responses to
accusations of unethical behavior // Journal of Business Ethics. 1995. Vol. 14 (11). P. 875-892.
135. Braverman J. Testimonials versus informational persuasive messages: the moderating effect of delivery mode and personal involvement // Communication Research. 2008. Vol. 35 (5).
. 666-694.
136. Brewer P.R. Value words and lizard brains: Do citizens deliberate about appeals to their
core values? // Political Psychology. 2001. Vol. 22. P. 45-64.
137. Bronowski J. Science and human values. N.Y.: Harper Torchbooks, 1972.
138. Brooks P. Narrative transactions Does the law need a narratology? // Yale Journal of
Law and Humanities. 2006. Vol. 18 (1). P. 1-12.
139. Bruner J. Acts of meaning. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1990.
140. Bruner J. The culture of education. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1996.
141. Brym R.J., Hamlin C. Suicide bombers: Beyond cultural dopes and rational fools //
Raymond Boudon: A Life in Sociology / eds. M. Cherkaoui, P. Hamilton. Oxford: Bardwell
Press, 2009. Vol. 2. P. 83-96.
142. Bucy E.P., Grabe M.E. Taking television seriously: A Sound and image bite analysis of
presidential campaign coverage, 1992-2004 // Journal of Communication. 2007. Vol. 57 (4). P.
652-675.
143. Blow-Mller A.V. Corporate apologia and the attribution of guilt // Rhetorical Aspects
of Discourses in present-day society / ed. L. Dam, L.-L. Holmgreen, J. Strunck. Newcastle:
Cambridge Scholars Press, 2009. P. 340-358.
144. Burkart R. Consensus-oriented public relations (COPR): A conception for planning and
evaluation of public relations // Public relations in Europe: A Nation-by-nation introduction to
public relations theory and practice / eds. B. van Ruler, D. Veri. Berlin: Mouton De Gruyter,
2004. P. 446-452.
145. Burke R.J. Politics as rhetoric // Ethics. 1982. Vol. 93 (1). P. 45-55.
146. Burr V. An introduction to social constructionism. N.Y.: Routledge, 1995.
147. Byrne D. The attraction paradigm. N.Y.: Academic Press, 1971.
148. Calhoun C. Introduction: Habermas and the public sphere // Habermas and the public
sphere / ed. C. Calhoun. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1992. P. 1-50.
149. Callaghan K., Schnell F. Assessing the democratic debate: How the news media frame
elite policy discourse // Political Communication. 2001. 18. P. 183-212.
150. Callaghan K., Schnell F. Introduction: Framing political issues in American politics //
Framing American politics / eds. K. Callaghan, F. Schnell. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh
199
Press, 2005. P. 1-17.

151. Calvert A., Warren M.E. Deliberative democracy and framing effects: Why frames are a
problem and how deliberative minipublics might overcome them // Deliberative Minipublics /
eds. K. Gronlund, A. Bchtiger, M. Setl. Colchester: ECPR Press, 2014.
152. Cameron G.T., Sallot L., Curtin P.A. Public relations and the production of news: A
Critical review and a theoretical framework // Communication yearbook. Vol. 20 / ed. B. Burleson. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 1997. . 111-155.
153. Campbell J.L. Institutional change and globalization. Princeton: Princeton University
Press, 2004.
154. Campbell K.K. The rhetorical act. Belmont: Wadsworth, 1996.
155. Campbell M.C., Docherty J.S. What's in a frame? (that which we call a rose by any other
name would smell as sweet) // Marquette Law Review. 2004. Vol. 87 (4). P. 769-781.
156. Caplan B. The logic of collective belief // Independent Institute. Working Paper 4.
October 1999. URL: http://www.independent.org/pdf/working_papers/04_logic.pdf
157. Cappella J.N., Jamieson .H. Spiral of cynicism. The press and the public good. N.Y.:
Oxford University Press, 1997.
158. Cappella J.N., Price V., Nir L. Argument repertoire as a reliable and valid measure of
opinion quality: Electronic dialogue during campaign 2000 // Political Communication. 2002.
Vol. 19. P. 73-93.
159. Castiglione D., Warren M.E. Rethinking representation: Eight theoretical issues // Presented at the Conference on Rethinking Democratic Representation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 2006.
160. Chaiken S., Liberman A., Eagly A.H. Heuristic and systematic information processing
within and beyond the persuasion context // Unintended thought / eds. J.S. Uleman, J.A. Bargh.
N.Y..: Guilford Press, 1989. P. 212-252.
161. Chambers S. Deliberative democratic theory // Annual Review of Political Science. 2003.
6. P. 307-326.
162. Chambers S. Reasonable democracy: Jurgen Habermas and the politics of discourse. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1996.
163. Chambers S. Rhetoric and the public sphere: Has deliberative democracy abandoned
mass democracy? // Political Theory. 2009. Vol. 37 (3). P. 323-350.
164. Chatman S. Coming to terms: The Rhetoric of narrative in fiction and film. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1990.
165. Chatman S. Story and discourse. Narrative structure in fiction and film. Ithaca: Cornell
University Press, 1978.
166. Cheng I-H. Media advocacy // Encyclopedia of Children, Adolescents, and the Media.
Sage Publications, 2006. http://www.sage-ereference.com/childmedia/Article_n255.html
167. Chiari G., Nuzzo M.L. Psychological constructivisms: A Metatheoretical differentiation
// Journal of Constructivist Psychology. 1996. Vol. 9. P. 163-184.
168. Chinn C.A., Brewer W.F. The role of anomalous data in knowledge acquisition: a theoretical framework and Implications for science instruction // Center for the Study of Reading,
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Technical Report 583, 1993.
200
169. Choi Y.J. Rules of the agenda game: President's issue management, media's agenda setting and the public's representation. Dissertation for the degree of doctor of philosophy. Austin:
The University of Texas, May 2004.
170. Chomsky N. Language and responsibility: Based on conversations with Mitsou Ronat.
N.Y.: Pantheon Books, 1979.
171. Chomsky N. Necessary illusions: Thought control in democratic societies. Boston: South
End Press, 1989.
172. Chomsky N. Towards a new Cold War: Essays on the current crisis and how we got
there. N.Y.: Pantheon Books, 1982.
173. Chong D., Druckman J.N. A theory of framing and opinion formation in competitive
elite enviroments // Journal of Communication. 2007. 57. . 99-118.
174. Christensen L.T, Langer R. Public relations and the strategic use of transparency: consistency, hypocrisy and corporate change // Rhetorical and Critical Approaches to Public Relations / eds. R.L. Heath, E.L. Toth, D. Waymer. N.Y.: Routledge, 2009. P. 129-153.
175. Cline A. Bias // 21st Century Communication: A Reference handbook. London: Sage
Publications, 2009.
176. Cobb R.W., Elder C.D. Participation in American politics: The Dynamics of agendabuilding. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1972/1983.
177. Cobb R.W., Elder C.D. The politics of agenda-building: An Alternative perspective for
modern democratic theory // The Journal of Politics. 1971. 33 (4). P. 892-915.
178. Cobb R.W., Ross J.K., Ross M.H. Agenda building as a comparative political process //
American Political Science Review. 1976. Vol. 70 (1). P. 126-138.
179. Cobb R.W., Ross M.H. Agenda setting and the denial of agenda access: Key concepts //
Cultural strategies of agenda denial: Avoidance, attack and redefinition / eds. R.W. Cobb, M.H.
Cobb. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1997.
180. Coburn C.E. Framing the problem of reading instruction: Using frame analysis to uncover the microprocesses of policy implementation // American Educational Research Journal.
2006. Vol. 43 (3). P. 343-379.
181. Cohen A. Future directions in television news research // American Behavioral Scientist.
1989. 33. P. 135-268.
182. Cole M. Culture in mind. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1996.
183. Coman M. Media anthropology: An Overview // Paper for European Association of Social Anthropologists (EASA) Media Anthropology Network e-seminar May 17, 2005.
184. Connolly W.E. On interests in politics // Politics and Society. 1972. 2. . 459-477.
185. Coombs W.T. Ongoing crisis communication: Planning, managing, and responding.
Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 1999.
186. Coombs W.T. The protective powers of crisis response strategies: Managing reputational
assets during a crisis // Journal of Promotion Management. 2006. Vol. 12 (3). P. 241-260.
187. Coombs W.T., Frandsen F., Holladay S.J., Johansen W. Why a concern for apologia and
crisis communication? // Corporate Communications: An International Journal. 2010. Vol. 15
(4). P. 337-349.
188. Coulson S., Fauconnier G. Fake guns and stone lions: Conceptual blending and privative
201
adjectives // Cognition and Function in Language / eds. B. Fox, D. Jurafsky, L. Michaelis. Palo
Alto: The Center for the Study of Language and Information, 1999. P. 143-158.
189. Coulson S., Oakley T. Blending basics // Cognitive Linguistics. 2000. Vol. 11 (3/4). P.
175-196.
190. Craig G. Living with spin. Political and media relations in mediated public life // Southern Review. 2003. Vol. 36 (3). P. 82-91.
191. Crosby N. Citizens' juries: One solution for difficult environmental questions // Fairness
and competence in citizen participation: Evaluating models for environmental discourse / eds.
O. Renn, T. Webler, P. Wiedelmann. Boston: Kluwer Academic Press, 1995. P. 157-174.
192. Crouse T. Boys on the bus: Riding with the campaign press corps. N.Y.: Random House,
1973.
193. Cuthbertson G.M. Political myth and epic. Michigan: Michigan State University Press,
1975.
194. Czarniawska B. Narrating the organization. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997.
195. Czarniawska B. Narratives in social science research. Introducing qualitative methods.
London: Sage Publications, 2004.
196. Dahl R.A. A preface to economic democracy. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1985.
197. Dahl R.A. Modern political analysis. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall, 1965
198. Dale B. Ascent to power. Sydney: Allen and Unwin, 1985.
199. D'Andrade R.G. Cultural meaning systems // Cultural Theory. Essays on Mind, Self, and
Emotion / eds. R.A. Shweder, R.A. LeVine. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984. P.
88-119.
200. D'Angelo P. News frames as a multiparadigmatic research program: A Response to
Entman // Journal of Communication. 2002. Vol. 52 (4). P. 870-888.
201. Dascal M. Two pronged dialectic / M. Dascal (ed.). Leibniz: What kind of rationalist?
// Dordrecht: Springer, 2009. P. 37-72.
202. Davies N. Flat Earth News: An Award-winning reporter exposes falsehood, distortion
and propaganda in the Global Media. London: Chatto and Windus, 2008.
203. Davis A. Investigating journalist influences on political issue agendas at Westminster //
Political Communication. 2007. Vol. 24 (2). P. 181-199.
204. Davis A. Mastering public relations. Basingstoke: Palgrave McMillan, 2004.
205. Davis A. Public relations democracy: Public relations, politics and the mass media in
Britain. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2002.
206. Dayan D., Katz E. Media events: The Live broadcasting of history. Cambridge: Harvard
207. de Vreese C.H., Elenbaas M. Media in the game of politics: Effects of strategic metacoverage on political cynicism // The International Journal of Press/Politics. 2008. Vol. 13 (3).
. 285-309.
208. Dearing J.W., Rogers E.M. Agenda-setting. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 1996.
209. Deephouse D.L., Suchman M.C. Legitimacy in organizational institutionalism // The
Sage Handbook of Organisational Institutionalism / eds. R. Greenwood, C. Oliver, K. Sahlin, R.
Suddaby. London: Sage Publications, 2008. P. 49-77.
202
210. Delia J.G., Grossberg L. Interpretation and evidence // Western Journal of Speech Communication. 1977. 41. P. 32-42.
211. Delia J.G., OKeefe B.J., OKeefe D.J. The constructivist approach to communication //
Human communication theory: Comparative essays / ed. F.E.X. Dance. N.Y.: Harper and Row,
1982. P. 147-191.
212. Delori M., Zittoun P. Policy arguments and coalition building // Paper Presented to the
Meeting of the ECPR General Conference. Potsdam, Germany. September 10-12, 2009.
213. Deneen P. A different kind of democratic citizenship: Citizenship and community // Critical Review. 2008. Vol. 20 (1-2). P. 57-74.
214. Denton R.E., Woodward G.C. Political communication in America. N.Y.: Praeger Publishers, 1985.
215. Derry S.J. Cognitive schema theory in the constructivist debate // Educational Psychologist. 1996. Vol. 31 (3/4). P. 163-174.
216. Dickerson A. What's wrong with asymmetry? Persuasion and power in public relations
theory // Prism. 2012. Vol. 9 (2).
217. DiMaggio P.J. Interest and agency in institutional theory // Institutional Patterns and Organizations: Culture and Environment / ed. L.G. Zucker. Cambridge: Ballinger, 1988. P. 3-21.
218. DiMaggio P.J., Powell W.W. The Iron Cage Revisted: Institutional isomorphism and
collective rationality in organizational fields // American Sociological Review. 1983. Vol. 48.
P. 147-160.
219. Docherty J.S. Narratives, metaphors, and negotiation // Marquette Law Review. 2004.
Vol. 87 (4). P. 847-851.
220. Doleel L. Narrative worlds // Sound, sign and meaning. Ann Arbor: University of
Michigan Press, 1979.
221. Dombos T., Krizsan A., Verloo M., Zentai V. Critical frame analysis: A Comparative
methodology for the QUING project // Paper delivered to the ECPR First European Conference
on Politics and Gender, January 21-23, 2012. Queens University, Belfast.
222. Donati P.R. Political discourse analysis // Studying Collective Action / eds. M. Diani, R.
Eyerman. London: Sage Publications, 1992. P. 136-167.
223. Donohew L., Lorch E.P., Palmgreen P. Sensation seeking and targeting of televised antidrug PSAs // Persuasive communication and drug abuse prevention / eds. L. Donohew, H.E.
Sypher, W.J. Bukoski. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1991. P. 209-226.
224. Donohue G.A., Tichenor P.J., Olien C.N. A guard dog perspective on the role of media //
Journal of Communication. 1995. Vol. 45 (2). P. 115-132.
225. Downs A. An economic theory of political action in a democracy // The Journal of Political Economy. 1957. Vol. 65 (2). P. 135-150.
226. Downs A. Up and down with ecology The issue-attention cycle // Public Interest.
1972. 28. . 38-50.
227. Dryzek J.S. Deliberative democracy and beyond: Liberals, critics, contestations. Oxford:
Oxford University Press, 2002.
228. Dryzek J.S. Democratization as deliberative capacity building // Comparative Political
Studies. 2009. 42. P. 1379-1402.
203
229. Dryzek J.S. Discursive democracy vs. liberal constitutionalism // Democratic innovation:
Deliberation, representation and association / ed. M. Saward. London: Routledge, 2000. P. 7889.
230. Dryzek J.S. Discursive democracy: Politics, policy, and political science. Cambridge:
231. Dryzek J.S. Legitimacy and economy in deliberative democracy // Political Theory. 2001.
Vol. 29 (5). P. 651-669.
232. Dryzek J.S., Niemeyer S. Discursive representation // American Political Science Review. 2008. 102. P. 481-493.
233. Dutton J.E., Ashford S.J. Selling issues to top management // Academy of Management
Review. 1993. Vol. 18. P. 397-428.
234. Edelman M.J. Political language: Words that succeed and policies that fail. N.Y.: Academic Press, 1977.
235. Edelman M.J. Politics as symbolic action: Mass arousal and quiescence. Chicago: Markham, 1971.
236. Edelman M.J. The symbolic uses of politics. Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1964.
237. Edley N. Analysing masculinity: Interpretive repertoires, ideological dilemmas and subject positions // Discourse as data. A guide for analysis / eds. M. Wetherell, S. Taylor, S. Yates.
The Open University: Sage Publications, 2001. P. 189-228.
238. Edwards L., Hodges C.E.M. Introduction: Implications of a (radical) socio-cultural 'turn'
in public relations scholarship // Public relations, society and culture: Theoretical and empirical
explorations / eds. L. Edwards, C.E.M. Hodges. London: Routledge, 2011. P. 1-15.
239. Eilbert J.L., Hicinbothom J. A cognitive framework for modeling mental space construction and switching during situation assessment // Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society. FLAIRS 2006. 19th International conference, P.631-636.
240. Ellwood J.W., Patashnik E.M. In praise of pork // Public Interest. 1993. 110. P. 19-33.
241. Elsbach K.D. The architecture of legitimacy: Constructing accounts of organizational
controversies // The psychology of legitimacy: Emerging perspectives on ideology, justice,
andintergroup relations / eds. J.T. Jost, B. Major. N.Y.: Cambridge University Press, 2001. P.
391-415.
242. Elsbach K.D., Sutton R.I. Acquiring organizational legitimacy through illegitimate actions: A marriage of institutional and impression management theories // Academy of Management Journal. 1992. Vol. 35 (4). P. 699-738.
243. Elster J. Deliberation and constitution making // Deliberative democracy / ed. J. Elster.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. P. 97-122.
244. Emirbayer M., Mische A. What is agency? // The American Journal of Sociology. 1998.
Vol. 103 (4). P. 962-1023.
245. Entman R.M. Democracy without citizens: Media and the decay of American politics.
N.Y.: Oxford University Press, 1989.
246. Entman R.M. Framing bias: Media in the distribution of power // Journal of Communication. 2007. 57. . 163-173.
247. Entman R.M. Framing U.S. coverage of international news: Contrasts in narratives of the
204
KAL and Iran air incidents // Journal of Communication. 1991. Vol. 41 (4). . 6-27.
248. Entman R.M. Framing: Toward clarification of a fractured paradigm // Journal of Communication. 1993. Vol. 43 (4). . 51-58.
249. Entman R.M. Projections of power: Framing news, public opinion, and U.S. foreign policy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004.
250. Entman R.M., Herbst S. Reframing public opinion as we have known it // Mediated politics: Communication in the future of democracy / eds. Bennett W.L., Entman R.M. N.Y.: Cambridge University Press, 2001. P. 203-225.
251. Esser F. Spin doctor // The International Encyclopedia of Communication. Vol. X .
Rhetoric in Western Europe: France structuration theory / ed. W. Donsbach. Malden: Blackwell Publishing, 2008. P. 4783-4787.
252. Esser F., DAngelo P. Framing the press and the publicity process // The American Behavioral Scientist. 2003. Vol. 46 (5). P. 617-641.
253. Esser F., Reinemann C., Fan D. Metacommunication about media manipulation: Spin
doctors in the United States, Great Britain, and Germany // Harvard International Journal of
Press/Politics. 2001. Vol. 6 (1). P.16-45.
254. Esser F., Reinemann C., Fan D. Spin doctoring in British and German election campaigns. How the press is being confronted with a new quality of political PR // European Journal of Communication Copyright. 2000. Vol. 15 (2). P. 209-239.
255. Esser F., Spanier B. Media politics and media self-coverage in the British press // International Communications Association, 2003 Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA. Conference Papers.
256. Eustis J.D. Agenda-setting: The Universal service case. Dissertation submitted to the
Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy in Environmental Design and Planning. April
7, 2000. Blacksburg, Virginia.
257. Evans B. Planning sustainability and the chimera of community // Town and Country
Planning. 1994. Vol. 63 (4). P. 105-112.
258. Fairclough N. Language and power. London: Longman, 1989.
259. Fairclough N.L. Critical discourse analysis // Marges Linguistiques. 2005. 9. P. 7694.
260. Fairclough N.L., Wodak R. Critical discourse analysis // Discourse Studies: A Multidisciplinary introduction. Vol. 2. Discourse as social interaction / ed. T.A. van Dijk. London: Sage
Publications, 1997. P. 258-284.
261. Farrell J., Rabin M. Cheap Talk // Journal of Economic Perspectives. 1996. Vol. 10 (3).
P. 103-118.
262. Fauconnier G., Turner M. Blending as a central process of grammar // Conceptual Structure, Discourse, and Language / ed. A. Goldberg. N.Y., Cambridge University Press, 1996. P.
53-66.
263. Fauconnier G., Turner M. Conceptual Integration Networks // Cognitive Science. 1998.
Vol. 22 (2). P. 133-187.
264. Fauconnier G., Turner M. Conceptual projection and middle spaces // April 1994. Report
205
9401. Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0515.
265. Fauconnier G., Turner M. The way we think: Conceptual blending and the mind's hidden
complexities. N.Y.: Basic Books, 2002.
266. Fischer F., Gottweis H. Introduction // The argumentative turn revisited. Public policy as
communicative practice / eds. F.Fischer, H. Gottweis. Durham: Duke University Press, 2012. P.
1-27.
267. Fischer F., Gottweis H. Introduction // The argumentative turn revisited. Public policy as
communicative practice / eds. F.Fischer, H. Gottweis. Durham: Duke University Press, 2012. P.
1-27.
268. Fishman M. Manufacturing the news. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1980.
269. Fiske J., Hartley J. Reading television. London: Methuen, 1978.
270. Fiske S.T. Schema-triggered affect: Applications to social perception // Affect and cognition: The 17th Annual Carnegie Symposium on Cognition / eds. M.S. Clark, S.T. Fiske.
Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1982. P. 55-78.
271. Fiske S.T., Taylor S.E. Social cognition. N.Y.: McGraw-Hill, 1991.
272. Flood C. Framing and ideology: A Theoretical reconsideration // Paper presented at the
67th Annual Conference of the Midwest Political Science Association, Chicago, 2-5 April 2009.
273. Foote J.S. Coorientation in the network television newsprocessing system: Coverage of
the United States house of representatives // Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the International Communication Association, Acapulco, Mexico. 18-23 May 1980.
274. Foucault M. Power/Knowledge: Selected interviews and other writings 19721977.
N.Y.: Pantheon, 1980.
275. Fredriksson M., Pallas J., Wehmeier S. Public relations and neo-institutional theory //
Public Relations Inquiry. 2013. Vol. 2 (3). P. 183-203.
276. Freeman R.E. The politics of stakeholder theory: Some future directions // Business Ethics Quarterly. 1994. 4. P. 409-421.
277. French J.R.P., Raven B. The bases of social power // Group dynamics / eds. D. Cartwright, A. Zander. N.Y.: Harper and Row, 1959.
278. Friberg-Fernros H., Schaffer J.K. The consensus paradox: Does deliberative agreement
impede
rational
discourse?
2011.
URL:
http://www.jus.uio.no/smr/english/people/aca/johanmka/publications/Consensus%20Paradox.pd
f.
279. Friedland L.A., Zhong M.B. International television coverage of Beijing Spring 1989: A
comparative approach // Journalism and Mass Communication Monograph. 1996. Vol. 156. P.
1-56.
280. Friedman W. Reframing framing // Public Agenda The Center for Advances in Public
Engagement. Occasional Paper 1. 2006.
281. Fuchs D., Pfetsch B. The observation of public opinion by the governmental system.
Discussion paper FS III 96 105 (December 1996). Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin fur Sozialforschung GmbH (WZB).
282. Fulton H., Huisman R., Murphet J., Dunn A. Narrative and media. Melbourne: Cam-
206
bridge University Press, 2005.

283. Fung A. Varieties of participation in complex governance // Public Administration Review. 2006. 66. P. 66-75.
284. Fung A., Wright E.O. Deepening democracy. London: Verso, 2003.
285. Gaber I. Government by spin: An analysis of the process // Media, Culture and Society.
2000. 22. P. 507-518.
286. Galston W. Liberal purposes: Goods, virtues, and duties in the liberal state. Cambridge:
287. Galtung J., Ruge M.H. The structure of foreign news: The Presentation of Congo, Cuba
and Syprus in four foreign newspapers // Journal of Peace Research. 1965. Vol. 2 (1). . 64-90.
288. Gamson W.A. A constructionist approach to mass media and public opinion // Symbolic
Interaction. 1988. 11. P. 161-174.
289. Gamson W.A. Media discourse as a framing resource // The Psychology of Political
Communication / ed. A.N. Crigler. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1996. . 111-132.
290. Gamson W.A., Croteau D., Hoynes W., Sasson T. Media images and the social construction of reality // Annual Review of Sociology. 1992. 18. . 373-393.
291. Gamson W.A., Lasch K.E. The political culture of social welfare policy // Center for Research on Social Organization, University of Michigan. Working Paper 242 (1981).
292. Gamson W.A., Meyer D.S. Framing political opportunity // Comparative perspectives on
social movements / eds. D. McAdam, J.D. McCarthy, M.N. Zald. N.Y.: Cambridge University
Press, 1996. . 275-290.
293. Gamson W.A., Modigliani A. The changing culture of affirmative action // Research in
political sociology. Vol. 3 / eds. R.G. Braungart, M.M. Braungart. Greenwich: JAI, 1987. P.
137-77.
294. Gandy O.H. Beyond agenda setting: Information subsidies and public policy. Norwood:
Ablex, 1982.
295. Gans H.J. Deciding what's news: A Study of CBS Evening News, NBC Nightly News,
Newsweek and Time. N.Y.: Vintage Books, 1979.
296. Gastil J., Burkhalter S. Group decision making, political // Encyclopedia of political
communication. London: Sage Publications, 2008.
297. Gendlin E.T. Experiencing and the creation of meaning. A philosophical and psychological approach to the subjective. N.Y.: Free Press of Glencoe, 1962.
298. Gentry J.W., Burns A.C., Dickinson J.R., Turevu S., Chun S., Hongyan Y. Managing the
curiosity gap does matter: What do we need to do about it? // Developments in Business Simulation and Experiential Learning. 2002. 29. P. 67-73.
299. Gerrig R.J., Prentice D.A. The representation of fictional information // Psychological
Science. 1991. 2. P. 336-340.
300. Gilbert D.T. How mental systems believe // American Psychologist. 1991. 46. P. 107119.
301. Gilbert D.T., Wilson T.D. Miswanting // Thinking and feeling: The role of affect in social cognition / ed. J. Forgas. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press., 2000. P. 178197.
207
302. Gitlin T. The whole world is watching: Mass media in the making and unmaking of the
new left. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1980.
303. Goffman E. Frame analysis: An essay on the organization of experience. Cambridge:
Harvard University Press, 1974.
304. Gotsbachner E. Asserting interpretive frames of political events: Panel discussions on
television news // Media, policy and interaction / eds. W. Housley, R. Fitzgerald. Aldershot:
Ashgate, 2009. P. 9-71.
305. Gotsbachner E. Perspectives on perspectives. Alignment of framings and readings across
party affiliations // Discourse and Policy Practices: 5th Interpretive Policy Analysis Conference,
Grenoble 23-25 June 2010.
306. Green M.C. Transportation into narrative worlds: The Role of prior knowledge and perceived realism // Discourse Processes. 2004. Vol. 38 (2). P. 247-266.
307. Green M.C., Brock T.C. The role of transportation in the persuasiveness of public narratives // Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 2000. Vol. 79 (5). . 701-721.
308. Grunig J.E. Excellence in public relations and communication management. Hillsdale:
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1992.
309. Grunig J.E. Public relations and strategic management: Institutionalizing organizationpublic relationships in contemporary society // Central European Journal of Communication.
2011. 1. P. 11-31.
310. Grunig J.E. Theory and practice of interactive media relations // Public Relations Quarterly. 1990. Vol. 35 (3). P. 18-23.
311. Grunig J.E. Two-way symmetrical public relations: Past, present and future // Handbook
of public relations / ed. R. Heath. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 2001. P. 11-30.
312. Grunig J.E., Hunt T. Managing public relations. N.Y.: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1984.
313. Gubrium J.F., Hostein J.A. Narrative ethnography // Handbook of emergent methods /
eds. S.N. Hesseiber, P. Leavy. N.Y.: Guilford Press, 2008. P. 241-264.
314. Gutmann A., Thompson D. Democracy and disagreement. Cambridge: Belknap Press of
Harvard University Press, 1996.
315. Gutmann A., Thompson D. Why deliberative democracy? Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004.
316. Haas P. Introduction to epistemic communities and international policy coordination //
International Organization. 1992. Vol. 46 (1). P. 1-35.
317. Haas P.M. Introduction: Epistemic communities and international policy coordination //
International Organization. 1992. Vol. 46 (1). P. 1-35.
318. Hajer M. Doing discourse analysis: Coalitions, practices, meaning // Words Matter in
Policy and Planning Discourse Theory and Method in the Social Sciences / eds. M. Van den
Brink, T. Metze. Royal Dutch Geographical Society (KNAG), Utrecht, 2006. P. 65-74.
319. Hajer M. The politics of environmental discourse, ecological modernization and the policy process. Clarendon, Oxford, 1995.
320. Hajer M.A. Discourse analysis and the study of policy making // European Political Science. 2002. Vol.2 (1). P. 61-65.
321. Hajer M.A. Discourse coalitions and the institutionalization of practice: The Case of acid
208
rain in Britain // The Argumentative turn in policy analysis and planning / eds. F. Fischer, J.
Forester. Durham: Duke University Press, 1993. P. 43-76.
322. Hajer M.A. Doing discourse analysis: Coalitions, practices, meaning // Discourse theory
and method in the social sciences / eds. M. van den Brink, T. Metze. Utrecht: Netherlands Geographical Studies, 2006. P. 65-74.
323. Hajer M.A. The politics of environmental discourse. Ecological modernization and the
policy process. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.
324. Hall P.A. Policy paradigms, social learning and the state: The Case of economic policymaking in Britain // Comparative Politics. 1993. Vol. 25 (3). P. 185-196.
325. Hall P.A., Taylor R.C.R. Political science and the three new institutionalisms // Political
Studies. 1996. Vol. 44 (5). P. 936-957.
326. Hall S. The rediscovery of ideology: Return to the repressed in media studies // Culture,
society and the media / eds. M. Gurevitch, T. Bennett, J. Curran, J. Woollacott. N.Y.: Methuen,
1982. P. 59-90.
327. Hall S., Critcher C., Jefferson T., Clarke J., Roberts B. Policing the crisis: Mugging, the
state, and law and order. N.Y.: Holmes and Meier, 1978.
328. Hallahan K. Seven models of framing: Implications for public relations // Journal of
Public Relations Research. 1999. Vol. 11 (3). . 205-242.
329. Hnninen V. A model of narrative circulation // Narrative Inquiry. 2004. Vol. 14 (1). P.
69-85.
330. Harre R. The discursive turn in social psychology // The Handbook of Discourse Analysis / eds. D. Schiffrin, D. Tannen, H.E. Hamilton. Malden: Blackwell Publishers, 2001. P. 688706.
331. t Hart M. Het woeden der gehele wereld. Amsterdam: Arbeiderspers, 1993.
332. Hartz-Karp J. Understanding deliberativeness: Bridging theory and practice // The International Journal of Public Participation. 2007. Vol. 1 (2).
333. Haugland A. Public relations theory and democratic theory // Corporate communication.
1996. Vol. 3 (4). P. 15-25.
334. Hay C. Contructivist institutionalism // The Oxford Handbook of Political Institutions /
eds. R.A.W. Rhodes, S.A. Binder, A. Rockman. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006. P. 5674.
335. Hayes D. Does the messenger matter? Candidate-media agenda convergence and its effects on voter issue salience // Political Research Quarterly. 2008. Vol. 61 (1). . 134-146.
336. Heclo H. Campaigning and governing: A Conspectus // The permanent campaign and its
future / eds. N.J. Ornstein, T.E. Mann. Washington: Aei Press, 2000. P. 1-37.
337. Heclo H. Issue networks and the executive establishment // The New American Political
System / ed. A. King. Washington: American Enterprise Institute, 1978. P. 87-107.
338. Held D. Models of democracy. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1987.
339. Hendriks C.M. Institutions of deliberative democratic processes and interest groups:
Roles, tensions and incentives // Australian Journal of Public Administration. 2002. Vol. 61 (1).
P. 64-75.
340. Herman D. Cognitive narratology // The Living Handbbook of Narratology / eds. P.
209
Hhn, J. Pier, W. Schmid, J. Schnert. Hamburg: Hamburg University Press, 2012.

341. Herman E.S., Chomsky N. Manufacturing consent: The Political economy of the mass
media. N.Y.: Pantheon Books, 1988.
342. Herman L., Vervaeck B. Handbook of narrative analysis. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2005.
343. Herrero M. Political fictions and repoliticization // Revista Filosfica de Coimbra. 2007.
32. P. 331-342.
344. Hibbing J.R., Theiss-Morse E. Congress as public enemy: Public attitudes toward American political institutions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
345. Hibbing J.R., Theiss-Morse E. Stealth democracy: Americans beliefs about how government should work. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
346. Hilgartner S., Bosk C. The rise and fall of social problems: A public arenas model //
American journal of sociology. 1988. Vol. 94 (1). P. 53-78.
347. Hirsch P., Andrews J.A. 1983. Ambushes, shootouts, and knights of the roundtable: The
Language of corporate takeovers // Organizational Symbolism / eds. L. Pondy, P. Frost, G.
Morgan, T. Dandridge. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, 1983. P. 145-156.
348. Hirsch P.M. From ambushes to golden parachutes: Corporate takeovers as an instance of
cultural framing and institutional integration // American Journal of Sociology. 1986. Vol. 91
(4). . 800-837.
349. Hochschild A.R. Emotion work, feeling rules and social structure // American Journal of
Sociology. 1979. Vol. 85. P. 551-575.
350. Hogan J.M., Andrews P.H., Andrews J.R., Williams G. Public speaking and civic engagement.
351. Holmstrom S. Reframing public relations: The Evolution of a reflective paradigm for organizational legitimization // Public Relations Review. 2005. Vol. 31. P. 497-504.
352. Holtzhausen D.R. Towards a postmodern research agenda for public relations // Public
Relations Review. 2002. Vol. 28 (3). P. 251-264.
353. Hood C. The risk game and the blame game // Government and Opposition. 2002. 1.
P. 15-37.
354. Hood C., Jennings W., Hogwood B., Beeston C. Fighting fires in testing times: exploring
a staged response hypothesis for blame management in two exam fiasco cases // CARR Discussion Papers, DP 42. Centre for Analysis of Risk and Regulation, London School of Economics
and Political Science, London, UK, 2007.
355. Hood C., Jennings W., Hogwood B., Beeston C. Fighting fires in testing times: Exploring a staged response hypothesis for blame management in two exam fiasco cases CARR Discussion Papers, DP 42. Centre for Analysis of Risk and Regulation, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK, 2007.
356. Hope M. Discursive institutionalism and policy stasis: Understanding 'climate change' in
the United States' Congress // Paper presented for 6th International Conference in Interpretive
Policy Analysis: Discursive Spaces. Politics, Practices and Power. Cardiff, UK. 23.06.1125.06.11.
URL:
https://www.academia.edu/708922/Discursive_institutionalism_and_policy_stasis_Understandi
210
ng_climate_change_in_the_United_States_Congress
357. Hunold C. Corporatism, pluralism, and democracy: Toward a deliberative theory of bureaucratic accountability // Governance. 2001. Vol. 14 (2). P. 151-167.
358. Hybels R.C. On legitimacy, legitimation, and organizations: A Critical review and integrative theoretical model // Academy of Management Journal, Special Issue: Best Papers Proceedings. 1995. P. 241-245.
359. Ibarra P.R., Kitsuse J.I. Vernacular constituents of moral discourse: An Interactionist
proposal for the study of social problems // Constructionist Controversies: Issues in Social
Problems Theory (Social Problems and Social Issues) / eds. D.R. Loseke, J. Best. Hawthorne:
Aldine de Gruyter, 1993. P. 21-54.
360. Iyengar S. Is anyone responsible? How television frames political issues. Chicago:
University of Chicago Press, 1991.
361. Jackson N. Political public relations: spin, persuasion or relationship building? // Paper
presented at UK PSA workshop Political marketing: hindering or helping the relationship between government and citizen?. Edinburgh 30 March 1 April 2010.
362. Jacobs L.R., Shapiro R.Y. Politician dont pander: Political manipulation and the loss of
democratic responsiveness. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000.
363. Jacobs R.N. Producing the news, producing the crisis: Narrativity, television and news
work // Media Culture and Society. 1996. 18. P. 373-397.
364. Janis I. Victims of groupthink. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1972.
365. Jenkins H. Convergence culture: Where old and new media collide. N.Y.: New York
366. Jenkins H. The revenge of the origami unicorn: Seven principles of transmedia storytelling (Well, two actually. Five more on Friday) (December 12, 2009a)
http://henryjenkins.org/2009/12/the_revenge_of_the_origami_uni.html
367. Jepperson R.L. Institutions, institutional effects, and institutionalism // The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis / eds. W.W. Powell, P.J. DiMaggio. Chicago: University
of Chicago Press, 1991. P. 143-163.
368. Jodelet D. Reprsentation sociale: Phnomnes, concept et thorie // Psychologie sociale
/ ed. S. Moscovici. Paris: PUF, 1990. P. 357-378.
369. Jones H. Policy-making as discourse: A Review of recent knowledge-to-policy literature
// A Joint IKM Emergent-ODI Working Paper 5. August 2009. URL:
http://wiki.ikmemergent.net/files/090911-ikm-working-paper-5-policy-making-asdiscourse.pdfhttp://wiki.ikmemergent.net/files/090911-ikm-working-paper-5-policy-making-asdiscourse.pdf
370. Jones M.D., McBeth M.K. A narrative policy framework: Clear enough to be wrong? //
The Policy Studies Journal. 2010. Vol. 38 (2). P. 329-353.
371. Jones N. Soundbites and spin doctors: How politicians manipulate the media and vice
versa. London: Cassel, 1995.
372. Kahneman D., Tversky A. Prospect theory: An Analysis of decision under risk / Econometrica. 1979. 47. . 263-291.
373. Kaplan R.L. The news about new institutionalism: Journalism's ethic of objectivity and
211
its political origins // Political Communication. 2006. Vol. 23. P. 173-185.

374. Kaplan T.J. The narrative structure of policy analysis // Journal of Policy Analysis and
Management. 1986. Vol. 5. P. 761-778.
375. Karppinen K. Against nave pluralism in media politics: On the implications of the radical pluralist approach to the public sphere // Media, Culture and Society. 2007. Vol. 29 (3). P.
495-508.
376. Katz E. Media multiplication and social segmentation // Ethical Perspectives. 2000. Vol.
7 (2-3). . 122-132.
377. Kelly G. The psychology of personal constructs. N.Y.: W.W.Norton, 1955/1991.
378. Kent M.L., Taylor M. Toward a dialogic theory of public relations // Public Relations
Review. 2002. 28. P. 21-37.
379. Kepplinger H.M. Reciprocal effects: Toward a theory of mass media effects on decision
makers // The Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics. 2007. Vol. 12 (2). . 3-23.
380. Kim S-H., Scheufele D.A., Shanahan J. Agenda-setting, priming, framing and secondlevels in local politics // Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly. 2002. Vol. 79 (1). .
7-25.
381. Kingdon J.W. Agendas, alternatives and public policies. N.Y.: Harper Collins Publishers, 1984/1995.
382. Kinnebrock S., Bilandzic H. How to make a story work: Introducing the concept of narrativity into narrative persuasion // Paper presented at the International Communication Association Conference in Dresden in June 2006.
383. Korzybski A. Science and sanity. Lakeville: International non-Aristotelian Library Publishing Company, 1933.
384. Kosicki G.M. The media priming effect: News media and considerations affecting political judgments // The Persuasion Handbook. London: Sage Publications, 2002.
385. Kreiswirth M. Tell me a story. The narrativist turn in the human sciences // Constructive
criticism. The Human Sciences in the Age of Theory / ed. M. Kreiswirth, T. Carmichael. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1995. P. 61-87.
386. Kruckeberg D., Starck K. Public relations and community: A Reconstructed theory.
N.Y.: Praeger, 1988.
387. Kckelhaus A. Public Relations: Die Konstruktion von Wirklichkeit. Kommunikationstheoretische Annherungen an ein neizeitliches Phnomen. Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag,
1998.
388. Kuklinski J.H., Quirk P.J. Reconsidering the rational public: Cognition, heuristics, and
mass opinion // Elements of political reason / eds. A. Lupia, M. McCubbins, S. Popkin. N.Y.:
Cambridge University Press, 2000. P. 153-182.
389. Lafont C. Is the ideal of a deliberative democracy coherent? // Deliberative democracy
and its discontents / eds. S. Besson, J.L. Marti. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing, 2006. P. 1-25.
390. Lakoff G., Johnson M. Metaphors we live by. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1980.
391. Lane A. Is dialogue the key to Pandora's box? // Paper presented at the annual meeting of
the International Communication Association, Sheraton New York, New York City, NY, 2005.
392. Langer R. Towards a constructivist communication theory? Report from Germany //
212
Nordicom Information. 1999. 1-2. P. 75-86.

393. Larsson L. PR and the media. A collaborative relationship? // Nordicom Review. 2009.
30. P. 131-147.
394. Lawrence R.G. The politics of force: Media and the construction of police brutality.
Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000.
395. Lawrence T.B., Suddaby R. Institutions and institutional work // The Sage Handbook of
Organization Studies / eds. S. Clegg, C. Hardy, T.B. Lawrence, W. Nord. London: Sage Publications, 2006. P. 215-254.
396. Leach E. On certain unconsidered aspects of double descent systems // Man. 1962.
214. . 130-134.
397. Lee N.J., McLeod D.M., Shah D.V. Framing policy debates: Issue dualism, journalistic
frames, and opinions on controversial policy issues // Communication Research. 2008. Vol. 35
(5). . 695-718.
398. Leech B.L., Baumgartner F.R., Berry J.M., Hojnacki M., Kimball D.C. Organized interests and issue definition in policy debates // Interest group politics / eds. A.C. Cigler, B.A.
Loomis. Washington: Congressional Quarterly Press, 2002. . 275-292.
399. Leitch S., Neilson D. Reframing public relations: New directions for theory and practice
// Australian Journal of Communication. 1997. Vol. 24 (2). P. 17-32.
400. Lester J., Stewart J. Public policy: An evolutionary approach. N.Y.: West Publishing,
1996.
401. L'Etang J. Corporate responsibility and public relations ethics // Critical Perspectives in
Public Relations / eds. J. L'Etang, M. Pieczka. London: International Thomson, 1996. P. 82105.
402. L'Etang J. Radical PR catalyst for change or an aporia? // Ethical Space: The International Journal of Communication Ethics. 2009. Vol. 6. (2). P. 13-17.
403. Levitsky S., Way L. The rise of competitive authoritarianism // Journal of Democracy.
2002. 13. P. 51-65.
404. Lewin K. Channels of group life // Human Relations. 1947. 1. . 143-153.
405. Leyland A. Journalists: Grudging respect for PR executives // Survey of communication
theory: Agenda setting / ed. J. Matthews. Hilbert College, 1999.
406. Linsky M. Impact: How the press affects federal policymaking. N.Y.: W.W. Norton and
Company, 1986.
407. Livingston S., Lance B.W. Gatekeeping, indexing, and live-event news: Is technology
altering the construction of news? // Political Communication. 2003. Vol. 20. P. 363-380.
408. Loewenstein G. The psychology of curiosity: A Review and reinterpretation // Psychological Bulletin. 1994. Vol. 116 (1). P. 75-98.
409. Loewenstein J., Ocasio W., Jones C. Vocabularies and vocabulary structure: A New approach linking categories, practices, and institutions // The Academy of Management Annals.
2012. Vol. 6 (1). P. 41-86.
410. Loomis B.A. The never ending story: Campaigns without elections // The permanent
campaign and its future / eds. N.J. Ornstein, T.E. Mann. Washington: Aei Press, 2000. P. 162184.
213
411. Luhman J.T. Narrative processes in organizational discourse // Emergence: Complexity

and organization 7 (3-4). Special issue: Complexity and storytelling / eds. D. Snowden, D. Boje,
K. Baskin. Mansfield: ISCE Publishing, 2005. P. 15-22.
412. Luhmann N. Politische Planung: Aufstze zur Soziologie von Politik und Verwaltung.
Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag, 1971.
413. Lynxwiler J., DeCorte C. Claims-making and the moral discourse of hard core rap music
// Perspectives on Social Problems. 1995. 7. P. 3-27.
414. Macagno F. Reasoning from classification and definition // Argumentation. 2009. Vol.
23. P. 81-107.
415. Macgilchrist F. Positive discourse analysis: Contesting dominant discourses by reframing the issues // Critical approaches to discourse analysis across disciplines. 2007. Vol. 1 (1). P.
74-94.
416. Maltese J.A. Spin control: The White House Office of Communications and the management of presidential news. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1994.
417. Manheim J.B. All of the people, all the time: Strategic communication and American
politics. N.Y.: M.E. Sharp, 1991.
418. Manin B. Democratic deliberation: Why we should promote debate rather than discussion // Paper delivered at the Program in Ethics and Public Affairs Seminar Princeton University October 13th 2005.
419. Mansbridge J.J. A deliberative theory of interest representation // The politics of interests: Interest groups transformed / ed. M.P. Petracca. Boulder: Westview Press, 1992. P. 32-57.
420. Mansbridge J.J. Beyond adversary democracy. Chicago: University Chicago Press, 1983.
421. Mansbridge J.J., Amengual M., Hartz-Karp J.F., Gastil J. Norms of deliberation: An inductive study // Journal of Public Deliberation. 2006. Vol. 2 (1). P. 1-47.
422. March J.G., Olsen J.P. Elaborating the New Institutionalism // Centre for European
Studies, University of Oslo. Working Paper No.11, March 2005.
423. March J.G., Olsen J.P. Rediscovering institutions: The Organisational basis of politics.
N.Y.: Free Press, 1989.
424. March J.G., Olsen J.P. The new institutionalism: Organizational factors in political life //
American political science review. 1984. Vol. 78 (3).
425. March J.G., Olsen J.P. The uncertainty of the past: Organizational learning under ambiguity // European Journal of Political Research. 1975. Vol. 3. P. 147-171.
426. March J.G., Simon H.A. Organizations. N.Y.: John Wiley, 1958.
427. Marcuse H. An essay on liberation. Boston: Beacon Press, 1969.
428. Marder M. This is watchdog journalism // Nieman Reports. 1998. Vol. 53 (2).
429. Marsden N. Note: Gender dynamics and jury deliberations // Yak Law Journal. 1987.
96. P. 593-612.
430. Mayhew D. Congress: The Electoral connection. New Haven: Yale University Press,
1974.
431. Mazzoleni G. Media logic and party logic in campaign coverage: The Italian general
election of 1983 // European Journal of Communication. 1987. Vol. 2 (1). . 81-103.
432. Mazzoleni G., Schulz W. Mediatization of politics: A Challenge for democracy? // Polit-
214
ical Communication. 1999. Vol. 16 (3). . 247-261.

433. McBeth M.K., Shanahan E.A., Arnell R.J, Hathaway P.L. The intersection of narrative
policy analysis and policy change theory // The Policy Studies Journal. 2007. Vol. 35 (1). P. 87108.
434. McCombs M.E. Media agenda-setting in a presidential election: Issues, images, and interest. N.Y.: Praeger, 1981.
435. McCombs M.E., Shaw D.L. The agenda setting function of mass media // Public Opinion Quarterly. 1972. 36. 176-185.
436. McGann A. The logic of democracy: Reconciling equality, deliberation, and minority
protection. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2006.
437. McGuire W.J. Inducing resistance to persuasion: Some contemporary approaches // Advances in experimental social psychology ed. L. Berkowitz. N.Y.: Academic Press, 1964. P.
191-229.
438. McKerrow R.E. Principles of rhetorical democracy // RETOR. 2012. Vol. 2 (1). P. 94113.
439. McQuail D. Sociology of mass communication // Annual Review of Sociology. 1985.
11. P. 93-111.
440. McQueen D., Jackson D., Moloney K. The prisation of news and media literacy. An
audience reception study // Future of Journalism Conference, 8-9 September 2011, Cardiff University. 2011.
441. Meppem T. The discursive community: Evolving institutional structures for planning
sustainability // Ecological Economics. 2000. Vol. 34 (234). P. 47-61.
442. Merton R.K. Social theory and social structure. Glencoe: Free Press, 1968.
443. Messaris P., Abraham L. The role of images in framing news stories // Framing public
life: Perspectives on media and our understanding of the social world / eds. S.D. Reese, O.H.
Gandy, A.E. Grant. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2001. P. 215-226.
444. Meyer D.E., Schvaneveldt R.W. Facilitation in recognizing pairs of words: Evidence of
dependence between retrieval operations // Journal of Experimental Psychology. 1971. 90. .
227-234.
445. Meyer J.W., Rowan B. Institutionalized organizations: Formal structure as myth and
ceremony // American Journal of Sociology. 1977. Vol. 83 (2). P. 340-363.
446. Meyer J.W., Scott W.R. Centralization and the legitimacy problems of local government
// Organizational environments: Ritual and rationality / eds. J.W. Meyer, W.R. Scott. Beverly
Hills: Sage Publications, 1983. P. 199-215.
447. Miller N.R. Logrolling // The Encyclopedia of Democratic Thought / eds. P.B. Clarke, J.
Fowerake. London: Routledge, 1999.
448. Milne J.H.G. The political processes and role of gatekeepers in setting accounting standards for agriculture // A thesis submitted to The University of Sydney in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Accounting, Business School, The University of Sydney. 26th October, 2011.
449. Minsky M. Telepresence // MIT Press Journals. 1980 (June). P. 45-51.
450. Mintrom M. Policy entrepreneurs and school choice. Washington: Georgetown Universi-
215
ty Press, 2000.
451. Mintzberg H., Ahlstrand B., Lampel J. Strategy safari. Hertfordshire: Prentice Hall, 1998.
452. Mintzberg H., Raisinghani D., Theoret A. The structure of unstructured decision processes // Administrative Science Quarterly. 1976. Vol. 21. P. 246-275.
453. Moloney K. Rethinking public relations: PR propaganda and democracy. London:
Routledge, 2006.
454. Molotch H.L, Protess D.L, Gordon M.T. The media-policy connection: Ecologies of the
news // Political Communication Research / ed. D. Paletz. Norwood: Ablex, 1987. . 26-48.
455. Moore K., Wood L. Target practice: Community activism in a global era // From ACT
UP to the WTO / eds. R. Hayduk, B. Shepard. London: Verso, 2002.
456. Morley D.D. Subjective message constructs: A Theory of persuasion // Communication
Monographs. 1987. Vol. 54 (2). P. 183-203.
457. Morrell M.E. Deliberation, democratic decision-making and internal political efficacy //
Political Behavior. 2005. Vol. 27 (1). P. 49-69.
458. Motion J., Leitch S. A toolbox for public relations: The oeuvre of Michel Foucault //
Public Relations Review. 2007. Vol. 33 (3). P. 263-268.
459. Mouffe C. The democratic paradox. London: Verso, 2000.
460. Mulligan K. Truth in fiction: The Consequences of fictional framing for political opinions // Paper prepared for presentation at the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science
Association. June 19, 2012.
461. Nagel E. The structure of science: Problems in the logic of scientific explanation. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1961.
462. Naurin D. Public deliberation a contradiction in terms? Transparency, deliberation and
political decision-making // Statsvetenskaplig Tidskrift. 2006. Vol. 108 (2). P. 190-197.
463. Negt O., Kluge A. Public sphere and experience. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota
Press, 1993.
464. Nelson J.S., Boynton G.R. How music and image deliver argument in political advertisements on television // Argumentation and Values: Proceedings of the Nineth SCA/AFA
Conference on Argumentation, SCA, Annandale, VA, 1995.
465. Nelson R.R. Assessing private enterprise: An Exegesis of tangled doctrine // Bell Journal
of Economics. 1981. Vol. 12 (1). P. 93-111.
466. Nelson R.R. Institutions supporting technical advance in industry // American Economic
Review. 1986. Vol. 76 (2). P. 186-89.
467. Neuenschwander S. The social construction of claims-making: Bahamian anglers vs.
non-resident sports-fishermen // A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for
the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Sociology in the College of Sciences at the
University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida. Summer Term 2008.
468. Neuman W.R. The future of the mass audience. N.Y.: Cambridge University Press, 1991.
469. Neuman W.R. The threshold of public attention // Public Opinion Quarterly. 1990.
54. . 159-176.
470. Newhagen J.E. The role of meaning construction in the process of persuasion for viewers of television images // The persuasion handbook: Developments in theory and practice / eds.
216
J.P. Dillard, P.M. Dillard. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 2002. P. 729-748.
471. Newhagen J.E., Reeves B. Evening's bad news: Effects of compelling negative television
news images on memory // Journal of Communication. 1992. Vol. 42 (2). P. 25-41.
472. Nie M.A. Drivers of natural resource-based political conflict // Policy Sciences. 2003.
36. P. 307-341.
473. Nigam A., Ocasio W. Event attention, environmental sensemaking, and change in institutional logics: An Inductive analysis of the effects of public attention to Clinton's health care
reform initiative // Organization Science. 2010. Vol. 21 (4). P. 823-841.
474. Noakes J.A., Wilkins K.G. Shifting frames of the Palestinian movement in U.S. news //
Media, Culture and Society. 2002. 24. P. 649-671.
475. Nooteboom B. Towards a dynamic theory of transactions // Journal of Evolutionary
Economics. 1992. Vol.2 (4). P. 281-299.
476. Norgaard R.C. Development betrayed: The End of progress and a coevolutionary revisioning of the future. N.Y.: Routledge, 1994.
477. Norris P. The restless searchlight: Network news framing of the post cold war world //
Political Communications. 1995. Vol. 12 (4). P. 357-370.
478. Oliver C. Sustainable competitive advantage: Combining institutional and resourcebased views // Strategic Management Journal. 1997. Vol. 18 (9). P. 697-713.
479. Olson L.C., Finnegan C.A., Hope D.S. Visual rhetoric in communication. Continuing
questions and contemporary issues // Visual rhetoric. reader in communication and American
culture / eds. L.C. Olson, C.A. Finnegan, D.S. Hope. Los Angeles: Sage Publications, 2008.
480. Orren G.R. Thinking about the press and government // Impact. How the press affects
federal policymaking / ed. M. Linsky. N.Y.: W.W. Norton, 1986. . 1-20.
481. Page B.I., Shapiro R.Y., Dempsey G. What moves public opinion? // American Political
Science Review. 1987. Vol. 81 (1). . 23-43.
482. Palenchar M.J., Heath R.L. Another part of the risk communication model: Analysis of
communication processes and message content // Journal of Public Relations Research. 2002.
Vol. 14 (2). P. 127-158.
483. Paley J. Narrative Machinery // Narrative and stories in health care: Illness, dying and
bereavement / eds. Y. Gunaratnam, D. Oliviere. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. P. 1732.
484. Pan Z.D., Kosicki G.M. Framing analysis: An Approach to news discourse // Political
Communication. 1993. 10. P. 55-75.
485. Pan Z.D., Kosicki G.M. Framing as a strategic action in public deliberation // Framing
public life: Perspectives on media and our understanding of the social world / eds. S.D. Reese,
O.H. Gandy, A.E. Grant. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2001. . 35-66.
486. Parkinson J. Legitimacy problems in deliberative democracy // Political Studies. 2003.
Vol. 51 (1). P. 180-196.
487. Pearson M., Patching R. Government media relations: A 'spin' through the literature //
Humanities and Social Sciences papers. 2008. 228.
488. Perelman Ch. The realm of rhetoric. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press,
1982.
217
489. Petkovic K. Interpretive policy analysis and deliberative democracy: must we politicize
analysis? (2008) URL: http://www.uni-kassel.de/hrz/db4/extern/ipa2009/ct/images/Petkovic.pdf
490. Petrocik J.R. Issue ownership in presidential elections, with a 1980 case study // American Journal of Political Science. 1996. 40. . 825-850.
491. Pettit P. Deliberative democracy and the discursive dilemma // Philosophical Issues.
2001. 11. P. 268-299.
492. Petty R.E., Cacioppo J.T. Attitudes and persuasion: Classic and contemporary approaches. Dubuque: William C. Brown, 1981.
493. Petty R.E., Cacioppo J.T. Communication and persuasion: Central and peripheral routes
to attitude change. N.Y.: Springer Verlag, 1986.
494. Pfetsch B. Government news management Strategic communication in comparative
perspective. Discussion Paper FS III 99-101. Science Center Berlin for Social Research. Berlin:
WSZ, 1999.
495. Pfetsch B. Government news management // The politics of news, the news of politics /
eds. D. Graber, D. McQuail, P. Norris. Washington: Congressional Quarterly Press, 1998. P.
70-93.
496. Pierson P. Increasing returns, path dependence, and the study of politics // American Political Science Review. 2000. Vol. 94 (2). P. 251-267.
497. Pitcher G. The death of spin? Communication in the 21st Century. London: Demos,
2002.
498. Pitkin H. The concept of representation. Berkeley, University of California Press, 1967.
499. Plasser F. From hard to soft news standards? How political journalists in different media
systems evaluate the shifting quality of news // The Harvard International Journal of
Press/Politics. 2005. 10. P. 47.
500. Plasser F., Sommer F., Scheuche C. Medienlogik: The Men management und Politikvermittlung im Wahlkampf // Wahlkampf und Wohlerentscheidung. Anaysen zur Nationalratswahl 1995 / eds. F. Plasser, P.A. Ulram, G. Ogris. Wien: Signum, 1996.
501. Polkinghorne D. Narrative knowing and the human sciences. Albany: State University of
New York Press, 1988.
502. Polkinghorne D.E. Postmodern epistemology of practice // Psychology and postmodernism / ed. S. Kvale. London: Sage Publications, 1992. P. 146-165.
503. Popkin S.L. The reasoning voter: Communication and persuasion in presidential campaigns. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1994.
504. Posner R.A. Law, pragmatism, and democracy. Harvard University Press, 2003.
505. Potter J., Hepburn A. Discursive constructionism // Handbook of constructionist research
/ eds. J.A. Holstein, J.F.Gubrium. N.Y.: Guildford, 2008. P. 275-293.
506. Potter J., Wetherell M. Discourse and social psychology: Beyond attitudes and behaviour. London: Sage Publications, 1987.
507. Powell W.W., Colyvas J.A. Microfoundations of institutional theory // Handbook of Organizational Institutionalism / eds. R. Greenwood, C. Oliver, R. Suddaby, K. Sahlin. London:
Sage Publications, 2008. P. 276-298.
508. Price V., Tewksbury D., Powers E. Switching trains of thought: The Impact of news
218
frames on readers cognitive responses // Communication Research. 1997. 24. . 481-506.

509. Primm S.A., Clark T.W. The greater Yellowstone policy debate: What is the policy
problem? // Policy Sciences. 1996. Vol. 29. P. 137-166.
510. Pritchard D., Berkowitz D. The limits of agenda-setting: The Press and political responses to crime in the United States, 1950-1980 // International Journal of Public Opinion Research.
1993. Vol. 5 (1). . 86-91.
511. Protess D.L., Cook F.L., Curtin T.R., Gordon M.T., Leff D.R., McCombs M.E., Miller
P. The impact of investigate reporting on public opinion and policymaking: Targeting roxic
waste // Public Opinion Quarterly. 1987. Vol. 51 (2). . 166-185.
512. Reese S.D. Introduction // Framing public life: Perspectives on media and our understanding of the social world / eds. S.D. Reese, O.H. Gandy, A.E. Grant. Mahwah: Lawrence
Erlbaum Associates, 2001. P. 1-31.
513. Reese S.D. Setting the media's agenda: A Power balance perspective // Communication
Yearbook 14 / ed. J. Anderson. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications, 1991. P. 309-340.
514. Reich R.B. Policy making in a democracy // The power of public ideas / ed. R.B. Reich.
Cambridge: Ballinger, 1988. P. 123-156.
515. Rein M., Schn D.A. Frame reflection toward the resolution of intractable policy controversies. N.Y.: Basic Books, 1994.
516. Rein M., Schn D.H. Problem-setting in policy research // Using social research in public policy making / ed. C.H. Weiss. Lexington: Lexington Books, 1977. . 235-250.
517. Rein M., Schn D.H. Reframing policy discourse // The argumentative turn in policy
analysis and planning / eds. F. Fischer, J. Forester. Durham: Duke University Press, 1993. P.
145-166.
518. Remer G. Two models of deliberation: Oratory and conversation in ratifying the convention // Journal of Political Philosophy. 2000. Vol. 8 (1). P. 39-64.
519. Renegar V.R., Malkowski J.A. Rhetorical and textual approaches to communication //
21st Century communication: A Reference handbook / ed. W.F. Eadie. Los Angeles: Sage Publications, 2009.
520. Richards B. The emotional deficit in political communication // Political Communication. 2004. 21. P. 339-352.
521. Richardson N. Playing political games: Ministers, minders and information // Journalism
Investigation and Research / ed. S. Tanner. Frenchs Forest: Pearson, 2002. P. 170-183.
522. Ricur P. Time and narrative. Vol. 1. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1984.
523. Riker W.H., Brams S.J. The paradox of vote trading // American Political Science Review. 1973. Vol. 67 (4). P. 1235-1247.
524. Rinke A., Ma Y., Bian L., Xin Y., Dethloff K., Persson P.O.G., Lpkes C., Xiao C.
Evaluation of atmospheric boundary layer-surface process relationships in a regional climate
model along an East Antarctic traverse // Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres. 2012.
Vol. 117.
525. Rittel H., Webber M. Dilemmas in a general theory of planning // Policy Sciences. 1973.
Vol. 4. P. 155-169.
526. Roberts N.C., King P.J. Policy entrepreneurs: Their activity structure and function in the
219
policy process // Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory. 1991. Vol. 2. P. 147175.
527. Robinson P. Operation restore hope and the illusion of a news media driven intervention
// Political Studies. 2001. 49. . 941-956.
528. Rochefort D.A., Cobb R.W. Problem definition: An Emerging perspective // The politics
of problem definition: Shaping the policy agenda / eds. D.A. Rochefort, R.W. Cobb. Lawrence:
University Press of Kansas, 1994. P. 1-31.
529. Roe E. Narrative policy analysis: Theory and practice. Durham: Duke University Press,
1994.
530. Roe E. Narrative policy analysis: Theory and practice. Durham: Duke University Press,
1994.
531. Rosen J. What are journalists for? New Haven: Yale University Press, 1999.
532. Rosenstiel T. Strange bedfellows. N.Y.: Hyperion, 1994.
533. Roskos-Ewoldsen D.R., Roskos-Ewoldsen B., Dilman Carpentier F. Media priming: An
Updated synthesis // Media effects: Advances in theory and research / eds. J. Bryant, M.B. Oliver. N.Y.: Routledge, 2009. P. 74-93.
534. Ross M.H. The political psychology of competing narratives: September 11 and beyond
// 10 years after September 11. A Social Science Research Council Essays Forum. 2011.
535. Rucht D., Neidhardt F. Towards a 'movement society'? On the possibilities of institutionalizing social movements // Social Movement Studies. 2002. Vol. 1. P. 7-30.
536. Rumelhart D., Norman D. Accretion, tuning and restructuring: Three modes of learning
// Semantic Factors in Cognition / eds. J.W. Cotton, R. Klatzky. Hillsdale: Erlbaum, 1978. P.
27-53.
537. Rumelhart D.E. Schemata: The Building blocks of cognition // Theoretical issues in
reading comprehension. Perspectives from cognitive psychology, linguistics, artificial intelligence, and education / eds. R.J. Spiro, B.C.Bruce, W.F. Brewer. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum
Associates, 1980. P. 38-58.
538. Russell B. Logic and knowledge. Essays 1901-1950. N.Y.: Capricorn Books, 1971. P.
175-282.
539. Russo J.E., Schoemaker P.J.H. Decision traps. N.Y.: Doubleday, 1989.
540. Ryan M.-L. Cheap plot tricks, plot holes, and narrative design // Narrative. 2009. Vol. 17
(1). P. 56-75.
541. Ryan M.-L. Embedded narratives and tellability // Style. 1986. Vol. 20 (3). P. 319-340.
542. Sabatier P., Jenkins-Smith, H. (eds.). Policy change and learning: An Advocacy coalition
approach. Westview Press, 1993.
543. Sabatier P.A. An advocacy coalition framework of policy change and the role of policyoriented learning therein // Policy Science. 1988. Vol. 21. P. 129-168.
544. Sancho C. New ways of deepening democracy: The Deliberative democracy. An approach to the models of J. Cohen and J. Habermas // The 6th Conference of the European Political Sociology Sociological Association. Spain, September 23-26, 2003.
545. Sanders L.M. Against deliberation // Political Theory. 1997. Vol. 25 (3). P. 347-376.
546. Schacter D.L., Buckner R.L. Priming and the brain // Neuron. 1998. 20. . 185-195.
220
547. Schfer A. The micropolitics of decision-making A Conceptual framework for the

analysis of parliamentary discourse // Paper prepared for the 3rd ECPR Graduate Conference.
Dublin, 30 August to 1 September 2010.
548. Schank R. C., Abelson R.P. Knowledge and memory: The Real story // Advances in social cognition. Vol. VIII / ed. R.S. Wyer. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1995. P. 185.
549. Schattschneider E.E. The semi-sovereign people: A Realists view of democracy in
America. Belmont: Wadsworth Publishing, 1960/1975.
550. Scheufele D.A. Agenda-setting, priming, and framing revisited: Another look at cognitive effects of political communication // Mass Communication and Society. 2000. 3. . 297316.
551. Schiappa E. Defining reality: Definitions and the politics of meaning. Carbondale:
Southern Illinois University Press, 2003.
552. Schimmelfennig F. The community trap: Liberal norms, rhetorical action, and the Eastern enlargement of the European Union // International Organization. 2001. Vol. 55 (1). P. 4780.
553. Schmidt S.J. New definitions of reality // Culturelink. 1997. P. 129-134.
554. Schmidt V.A. Discursive institutionalism: Scope, dynamics, and philosophical underpinnings // The argumentative turn revised: Public policy as communicative practice / eds. F.
Fischer, J. Forester. Durham: Duke University Press, 2012. P. 85-113.
555. Schmidt V.A. Discursive institutionalism: The Explanatory power of ideas and discourse
// Annual Review of Political Science. 2008. Vol. 11 (1). P. 303-326.
556. Schmidt V.A. The future of European capitalism. N.Y.: Oxford University Press, 2002.
557. Schmidt V.A., Monnet J. Taking ideas and discourse seriously: Explaining change
through discursive institutionalism as the fourth 'new institutionalism // European Political Science Review. 2010. Vol. 2 (1). P. 1-25.
558. Schmidt V.A., Radaelli C. Policy change and discourse in Europe: Conceptual and
methodological issues // West European Politics. 2004. Vol. 27 (2), P. 183-210.
559. Schmitt-Beck R. Interpersonal communication // Encyclopedia of Political Communication. London: Sage Publications, 2008.
560. Schneider A., Ingram H. Social construction of target populations: Implications for politics and policy // American Political Science Review. 1993. 87. P. 334-347.
561. Schneiderhan E., Khan S. Reasons and inclusion: The Foundation of deliberation // Sociological Theory. 2008. Vol. 26 (1). P. 1-24.
562. Schn D.A. Generative metaphor: A Perspective on problem-setting in social policy//
Metaphors and Thought / ed. A. Ortony. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979/1993.
P. 254-283. P. 137-163.
563. Schn D.A., Rein M. Frame reflection. Toward the resolution of intractable policy controversies. N.Y.: Basic Books, 1994.
564. Schrder K.C., Phillips L. Complexifying media power: A Study of the interplay between media and audience discourses on politics // Media, culture and society. 2007. 29. .
890-915.
221
565. Schudson M. The good citizen: A History of American public life. N.Y.: Free Press,
1998.
566. Scott M.B., Lyman S.M. Accounts // American Sociological Review. 1968. Vol. 33 (1).
P. 46-62.
567. Scott W.R. Approaching adulthood: The Maturing of institutional theory // Theory and
society. 2008. Vol. 37 (5). P. 427-442.
568. Scott W.R. Institutions and organizations. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 2001.
569. Seifert C.M. The continued influence of misinformation in memory: What makes a correction effective? // Psychology of learning and motivation: Advances in research and theory.
2002. 41. P. 265-292.
570. Sellers P. Cycles of spin. Strategic communication in the U.S. Congress. N.Y: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
571. Seo M.G., Creed W.E.D. Institutional contradictions, praxis, and institutional change: A
Dialectical perspective // Academy of Management Review. 2002. 27. P. 222-247.
572. Setl M. Rhetoric and deliberative democracy // Redescriptions. 2009. Vol. 13. P. 6182.
573. Sethi S.P. A conceptual framework for environmental analysis of social issues and evaluation of business response patterns // Academy of Management Review. 1979. Vol. 4 (1). P.
63-74.
574. Shanahan E.A., Jones M.D., McBeth M.K. Policy narratives and policy processes // The
Policy Studies Journal. 2011. Vol. 39 (3). P. 535-561.
575. Shaw D.L., McCombs M.E. The emergence of American political issues: The Agendasetting function of the press. St. Paul: West Publishing Company, 1977.
576. Shepsle K.A. Rational choice institutionalism // Oxford Handbook of Political Institutions / eds. R.A.W. Rhodes S.A. Binder, B. Rockman. Oxford: The Oxford University Press,
2008. P. 23-38.
577. Shmueli D., Elliott M., Kaufman S. Frame changes and the management of intractable
conflicts // Conflict Resolution Quarterly. 2006. Vol. 24 (2). P. 207-218.
578. Shoemaker P.J. The perceived legitimacy of deviant political groups: Two experiments
on media effects // Communication Research. 1982. Vol. 9 (2). . 249-286.
579. Shoemaker P.J., Reese S.D. Mediating the message: Theories of influences on mass media content. N.Y.: Longman Publishers, 1996.
580. Sigal L.V. Reporters and officials: The Organization and politics of newsmaking. N.Y.:
D.C. Heath, 1973.
581. Simon H.A. Administrative behavior: A Study of decision-making processes in administrative organization. N.Y.: Macmillan, 1947/1976.
582. Simon H.A. Human nature in politics: The Dialogue of psychology with political science
// The American Political Science Review. 1985. Vol. 79 (2). P. 293-304.
583. Simons H.W. The carrot and stick as handmaidens of persuasion in conflict situations //
Perspectives on communication in social conflict / eds. G.R. Miller, H.W. Simons. Englewood
Cliffs: Prentice Hall, 1974. P. 172-205.
584. Snare C.E. Windows of opportunity: When and how can the policy analyst influence the
222
policymaker during the policy process // Review of Policy Research. 1995. Vol. 14 (3-4). P.
407-430.
585. Sniderman P.M., Brody R.A., Tetlock P.E. Reasoning and choice: Explorations in political psychology. N.Y.: Cambridge University Press, 1991.
586. Sniderman P.M., Bullock J. A consistency theory of public opinion and political choice:
The Hypothesis of menu dependence // Studies in Public Opinion / eds. W.E. Saris, P.M.
Sniderman. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004. P. 337-358.
587. Snow D.A., Benford R.D. Ideology, frame resonance and participant mobilization //
Structure to action / eds. K. Klandermans, N. Tarrow. Greenwich: JAI, 1988. P. 197-219.
588. Snow D.A., Benford R.D. Master frames and cycles of protest // Frontiers in social
movement theory / eds. A.D. Morris, C.M. Mueller. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1992.
133-155.
589. Snow D.A., Rochford E.B., Worden S.K., Benford R.D. Frame alignment processes, micromobilization and movement participation // American Sociological Review. 1986. 51. .
464-481.
590. Somin I. Deliberative democracy and political ignorance // Critical Review. 2010. Vol.
22 (2-3). P. 253-279.
591. Spector M., Kitsuse J.I. Constructing social problems. N.Y.: Aldine de Gruyter,1987.
592. Starick P. Media advisers: The government's attack dogs: Sorting spin from the truth //
The Advertiser. 2005, July 30.
593. Steenbergen M.R., Bchtiger A., Sporndli M., Steiner J. Measuring political deliberation: A Discourse Quality Index // Comparative European Politics. 2003. 1. P. 21-48.
594. Steyn B. From strategy' to 'corporate communication strategy': A Conceptualisation //
Paper delivered at the 9th International Public Relations Research Symposium, held at Lake
Bled from 4-7 July, 2002.
595. Stockwell S.E. Spin doctors, citizens and democracy // Government Communication in
Australia / ed. S. Young. Melbourne: Cambridge University Press, 2007. P. 130-143.
596. Stoker K.L., Tusinski K.A. Reconsidering public relations' infatuation with dialogue:
Why engagement and reconciliation can be more ethical than symmetry and reciprocity // Journal of Mass Media Ethics (e-Publications@Marquette). 2006. Vol. 21 (2-3).
597. Stone D.A. Causal stories and the formation of policy agendas // Political Science Quarterly. 1989. Vol. 104 (2). P. 281-300.
598. Stone D.A. Policy paradox and political reason: The Art of political decision making.
N.Y.: W.W. Norton and Company, 1988/2002.
599. Streeck W., Thelen K. Introduction: Institutional change in advanced political economies
// Beyond continuity: Institutional change in advanced political economies / eds. Streeck W.,
Thelen K. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. P. 3-39.
600. Strmbck J. Four phases of mediatization: An Analysis of the mediatization of politics
// The International Journal of Press/Politics. 2008. Vol. 13 (3). . 228-246.
601. Suchman M.C. Managing legitimacy: Strategic and institutional approaches // Academy
of Management Review. 1995. Vol. 20 (3). P. 571-610.
602. Sumpter T., Tankard J.W. The spin doctor: An Alternative model of public relations //
223
Public Relations Review. 1994. Vol. 20 (1). P. 19-27.

603. Susskind L., Field P. Dealing with an angry public: The Mutual gains approach to resolving disputes. N.Y.: Free Press, 1996.
604. Svet O. Fighting for a narrative: A Campaign assessment of the U.S.-led coalition's psychological and information operations in Afghanistan // Small Wars Journal. 2010. Vol. 2 (12).
605. Swanson D.L. Transnational trends in political communication: Conventional views and
new realities // Comparing political communication: Theories, cases, and challenges / eds. F.
Esser, B. Pfetsch. N.Y.: Cambridge University Press, 2004. . 45-63.
606. Swidler A. Culture in action: Symbols and strategies // American Sociological Review.
1986. 51. P. 273-286.
607. Szasz A. EcoPopulism: Toxic waste and the movement for environmental justice. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1994.
608. Taber C.S., Lodge M. Motivated skepticism in the evaluation of political beliefs //
American Journal of Political Science. 2006. 50. P. 755-769.
609. Tannen D. The argument culture: Stopping Americas war of words. N.Y.: Ballantine
Books, 1999.
610. Taylor C. Interpretation and the science of man // Interpretative Social Sciences / eds. P.
Rabinow, W. Sullivan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987. P. 3-51.
611. Tewksbury D., Jones J., Peske M.W., Raymond A., Vig W. The interaction of news and
advocate frames: Manipulating audience perceptions of a local public policy issue // Journalism
and Mass Communication Quarterly. 2000. 77. . 804-829.
612. Thelen K., Steinmo S. Historical institutionalism in comparative politics // Historical institutionalism in comparative politics: State, society, and economy / eds. S. Steinmo, K. Thelen,
F. Longstreth. N.Y.: Cambridge University Press 1992. P. 1-32.
613. Thompson D.F. Deliberative democratic theory and empirical political science // Annual
Review of Political Science. 2008. 11. P. 497-520.
614. Thompson D.F. Moral responsibility of public officials: The Problem of many hands //
American Political Science Review. 1980. Vol. 74. P. 905-916.
615. Thompson J.B. Political scandal: Power and visibility in the media age. Cambridge:
Polity Press, 2000.
616. Thompson J.B. The media and modernity. A social theory of the media. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1995.
617. Thornton P.H., Ocasio W. Institutional logics // The Sage Handbook of Organizational
Institutionalism / eds. R. Greenwood, C. Oliver, K. Sahlin, R. Suddaby. London: Sage Publications, 2008. P. 371-388.
618. Thornton P.H., Ocasio W. Institutional logics and the historical contingency of power in
organizations: Executive succession in the higher Education publishing industry, 1958-1990 //
The American Journal of Sociology. 1999. Vol. 105 (3). P. 801-843.
619. Thornton P.H., Ocasio W., Lounsbury M. Introduction to the institutional logics perspective // The Institutional Logics Perspective: A New approach to culture, structure and process //
eds. P.H. Thornton, W. Ocasio, M. Lounsbury. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012. P. 1-19.
620. Todorov A., Chaiken S., Henderson M. The heuristic-systematic model of social infor-
224
mation processing // The persuasion handbook: Developments in theory and practice / eds. J.
Dillard, M. Pfau. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 2002. P. 195-213.
621. Todorov T. The two principles of narrative // Diacritics. 1971. Vol. 1 (1). P. 37-44.
622. Tomascikova S. Narrative theories and narrative discourse // Bulletin of the Transilvania
University of Brasov. Vol. 2 (51). Series IV: Philology and Cultural Studies, 2009. P. 281-290.
623. Tuchman G. Making news: A Study in the construction of reality. N.Y.: Free Press,
1978.
624. Tuchman G. The symbolic annihilation of women by the mass media // The manufacture
of news: Deviance, social problems and the mass media / eds. S. Cohen, J.Young. Beverly
Hills: Sage Publications, 1981. . 169-185.
625. Vaara E., Tienari J., Laurila J. Pulp and paper fiction: On the discursive legitimation of
global industrial restructuring // Organization studies. 2006. 27 (6). P. 789-810.
626. Valentini C. Constructing public support: EU communication challenges for the process
of integration // Paper for the international conference on Public spheres and their boundaries.
University of Tampere, May 2006.
627. van Atteveldt W. Semantic network analysis: Techniques for extracting, representing,
and querying media content. Amsterdam: Free University of Amsterdam, 2008.
628. van Dijk T.A. Elite discourse and racism. Newbury Park: Sage Publications, 1993.
629. van Gorp B. The constructionist approach to framing: Bringing culture back in // Journal
of Communication. 2007. 57. . 60-78.
630. van Leeuwen T., Wodak R. Legitimizing immigration control: A Discourse-historical
perspective // Discourse Studies. 1999. Vol. 1 (1). P. 83-118.
631. van Ruler B. The communication grid: An Introduction of a model of four communication strategies // Public Relations Review. 2004. 30. P. 123-143.
632. van Ruler B., Veri D. Reflective communication management // Paper presented at the
53rd Annual Conference of the International Communication Association Communication in
Borderlands, May, 23-27, 2003, San Diego, CA, USA.
633. Vatz R. The myth of the rhetorical situation // Philosophy and Rhetoric. 1973. Vol. 6 (3).
P. 154-161.
634. Verduijn S., Ploegmakers H., Meijerink S. Discursive framing and network strategies,
How a small group of policy entrepreneurs pushed the idea of 'Nature Development' in the
Netherlands // Paper discussed at the 6th ECPR (European Consortium of Political Science)
General Conference, 25-27 August 2011, Reykjavik, Iceland.
635. Verloo M. Displacement and empowerment: Reflections on the ouncil of Europe approach to gender mainstreaming and gender equality // Social Politics. 2005. Vol. 12 (3). P.
344-366.
636. Wagner M.W. The utility of staying on message: Competing partisan frames and public
awareness of elite differences on political issues // The Forum. 2007. Vol. 5 (3). P. 1-18.
637. Walgrave S., Nuytemans M., De Winter L. Specifying the medias political agendasetting power. Media, civil society, parliament and government in a small consociational democracy (Belgium, 1991-2000) // Paper prepared for delivery at the ECPR joint sessions of
workshops. Media and political agenda-setting. Uppsala, April 2004.
225
638. Walgrave S., Soroka S., Nuytemans M. The mass media's political agenda-setting power:
A longitudinal analysis of media, parliament, and government in Belgium (1993 to 2000) //
Comparative Political Studies. 2008. Vol. 41 (6). . 814-836.
639. Walton D. Deceptive arguments containing persuasive language and definitions // Argumentation. 2005. Vol. 19. P. 159-186.
640. Watzlawick P. Selbsterfllende Prophezeiungen // Die erfundene Wirklichkeit. Wie wissen wir, was wir zu wissen glauben? Beitrge zum Konstruktivismus / hrsg. P. Watzlawick.
Mnchen: Piper, 1985. S. 91-110.
641. Watzlawick . How real is real? N.Y.: Vintage Books, 1977.
642. Weaver K. The politics of blame avoidance // Journal of Public Policy. 1986. Vol. 6 (4).
P. 371-398.
643. Weaver K., Garcia S.M.; Schwarz N., Miller D.T. Inferring the popularity of an opinion
from its familiarity: A repetitive voice can sound like a chorus. // Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 2007. Vol. 92 (5). P. 821-833.
644. Weber S. Media and the construction of reality // Weber S. Was heit Medien konstruieren Wirklichkeit? Von einem ontologischen zu einem empirischen Verstndnis von Konstruktion // Medienimpulse. 2002. Heft 40. S. 11-16.
645. Weick K.E. Sensemaking in organizations. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 1995.
646. Weiss J.A. The powers of problem definition: The Case of government paperwork // Policy Sciences. 1989. Vol. 22. P. 97-121.
647. Wessler H. Investigating deliberativeness comparatively // Political Communication.
2008. Vol. 25 (1). P. 1-22.
648. Wetherell M., Potter J. Discourse analysis and the identification of interpretive repertoires // Analysing everyday explanation: A Casebook of methods / ed. C. Antaki. Newbury
Park: Sage Publications, 1988. P. 168-183.
649. White H. Tropics of discourse. Essays in cultural criticism. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1978.
650. Wiktorowicz Q., Kaltenthaler K. The rationality of radical Islam // Political Science
Quarterly. 2006. Vol. 121. P. 295-319.
651. Wildavsky A. The revolt against the masses. N.Y.: Basic Books, 1971.
652. Williams F., Rice R.E., Rogers E.M. Research methods and the new media. N.Y.: The
Free Press, 1988.
653. Williams P. The competent boundary spanner // Public Administration. 2002. Vol. 80
(1). P. 103-124.
654. Wodak R., Meyer M. Critical discourse analysis: History, agenda, theory, and methodology // Methods for critical discourse analysis / eds. R. Wodak, M. Meyer. London: Sage Publications, 2009. P. 1-33.
655. Wolfe M., Jones B.D., Baumgartner F.R. A failure to ommunicate: Agenda setting in
media and policy studies // Political Communication. 2013. Vol. 30 (2). P. 175-192.
656. Wolfsfeld G. Media and political conflict: News from the Middle East. Cambridge:
657. Wolfsfeld G. Political waves and democratic discourse: Terrorism waves during the Oslo
226
peace process // Mediated politics: Communication in the future of democracy / eds. W.L. Bennett, R.M. Entman. N.Y.: Cambridge University Press, 2001. P. 226-251.
658. Wooten M., Hoffman A.J. Organizational fields: Past, present and future // The Sage
Handbook of Organizational Institutionalism // eds. R. Greenwood, C. Oliver, R. Suddaby, K.
Sahlin. London: Sage Publications, 2008. P. 130-147.
659. Yanow D. Silences in public policy discourse: Organizational and policy myths // Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory. 1992. 2. P. 399-423.
660. Yoon Y. Legitimacy, public relations, and media access: Proposing and testing a media
access model // Communication Research. 2005. 32. . 762-793.
661. Young I.M. Communication and the other: Beyond deliberative democracy // Democracy and Difference Contesting the boundaries of the political / ed. S. Benhabib. Princeton University Press, 1996.
662. Zajonc R.B. Attitudinal effects of mere exposure // Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology // Monograph Supplement. 1968. Vol. 9. P. 1-27.
663. Zaller J.R. A new standard of news quality: Burglar alarms for the monitorial citizen //
Political Communication. 2003. 20. P. 109-130.
664. Zaller J.R. A theory of media politics. How the interests of politicians, journalists, and
citizens shape the news. Draft October 24, 1999.
665. Zarefsky D. Strategic maneuvering through persuasive definitions: Implications for dialectic and rhetoric // Argumentation. 2006. Vol. 20. P. 399-416.
666. Zelizer B. Journalists as interpretive communities // Critical Studies in Mass Communication. 1993. 10. P. 219-237.
667. Zott C., Huy Q.N. How entrepreneurs use symbolic management to acquire resources //
Administrative Science Quarterly. 2007. Vol. 52. P. 70-105.
668. Zucker L.G. The role of institutionalization in cultural persistence // American Sociological Review. 1977. Vol. 42 (5). P. 726-743.
227
:

Nikolai Ponomarev
Communication Management:
Dramatization of Public Policy
.
'' (18761877).

04.06.2014. 6084/16
. . . 13,19. 200.
-

614990, , . ,15

614990, , . ,15

Язык

Communication Management: Dramatization of Public Policy

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Communication Management: Dramatization of Public Policy

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

. .

) ( ). , '' (1), '' (2) (3) ' ',

-, [Vaara, Tienari, Laurila

[Schn 1979: 261], :

, , , [Birkland 2004: 180].

: , [Davis 2002: 175].

, , [] . [] ( ), [Shepsle 2008: 24].

. , , . [March, Olsen 2008: 12].

[Schmidt 2008: 309].

, , [Fischer, Gottweis 2012: 17].

, [Delia, O'Keefe, O'Keefe 1982].

, [Donohew, Lorch, Palmgreen 1991].

, , , [Shmueli et al. 2006: 208].

[Meyer, Schvaneveldt 1971]: ()

' [Jacobs 1996] ' ',

[Abel 1984: 68].

, [Kepplinger 2007: 11]. , ( ) . ,

, , [Mulligan 2012: 4]. , '' ( '' '' )

'-' [Davis 2002],

' ' [Fishman 1980],

, , , , , , (, ..) , [ 2002: 93]. - , , : , , (

' ' [Tuchman

[Schrder, Phillips 2007: 890-891].

' ' ' ':

[] , [Besson, Marti 2006: xviii].

'' [Botan, Soto 1998]

, [Edwards, Hodges 2011].

[Stoker, Tusinski 2006].

[Jackson 2010: 16].

, [Hallahan 1999: 224].

'') [Maltese 1994; Sumpter, Tankard 1994]: -

// . 2011. .10. 1-2. . 87-113.

Press, 2005. P. 1-17.

bridge University Press, 2005.

Hhn, J. Pier, W. Schmid, J. Schnert. Hamburg: Hamburg University Press, 2012.

its political origins // Political Communication. 2006. Vol. 23. P. 173-185.

Nordicom Information. 1999. 1-2. P. 75-86.

411. Luhman J.T. Narrative processes in organizational discourse // Emergence: Complexity

ical Communication. 1999. Vol. 16 (3). . 247-261.

frames on readers cognitive responses // Communication Research. 1997. 24. . 481-506.

547. Schfer A. The micropolitics of decision-making A Conceptual framework for the

Public Relations Review. 1994. Vol. 20 (1). P. 19-27.

Вам также может понравиться