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GEOGRAPHY
Bay. Although Connecticut has easy access to the Atlantic, between Long Island Sound and Block Island
Sound, Connecticut has no direct ocean coast.
Further information: List of Connecticut rivers
Connecticuts rural areas and small towns in the northeast
and northwest corners of the state contrast sharply with its
industrial cities, located along the coastal highways from
the New York border to New London, then northward up
the Connecticut River to Hartford. Many towns center
around a "green, such as the Litcheld Green, Lebanon
Green (the largest in the state), and Wetherseld Green
(the oldest in the state). Near the green typically stand
historical visual symbols of New England towns, such as Scenery upon Barndoor Hills in Granby in autumn
a white church, a colonial meeting house, a colonial tavern
or "inne, several colonial houses, and so on, establishing
a scenic historic appearance maintained for both historic
preservation and tourism.
Connecticut consists of temperate broadleaf and mixed
forests. Northeastern coastal forests of oaks, hickories,
and maple cover much of the state.[22] In the northwest,
these give way to New England-Acadian forests of the
Taconic Mountains.[22]
Further information: List of Connecticut state forests
The northern boundary of the state with Massachusetts is
marked by the Southwick Jog or Granby Notch, an approximately 2.5 mile (4.0 km) square detour into Connecticut. The actual origin of this anomaly is clearly es- Winter in East Haven
tablished in a long line of disputes and temporary agreements which was nally concluded in 1804, when southern Southwick, whose residents sought to leave Mas- 1.1 Climate
sachusetts, was split in half.[23][24]
The southwestern border of Connecticut, where it Much of Connecticut has a humid continental climate,
abuts New York State, is marked by a panhandle in with cold winters and warm humid summers. Far southFaireld County, containing the towns of Greenwich, ern and coastal Connecticut has a more mild humid temStamford, New Canaan, Darien, and parts of Norwalk perate/subtropical climate with seasonal extremes temand Wilton.This irregularity in the boundary is the result pered by proximity to the Atlantic Ocean, warmer winof territorial disputes in the late 17th century, culminating ters, and longer frost-free seasons. Most of Connectiwith New York giving up its claim to the area, whose res- cut sees a fairly even precipitation pattern with rainidents considered themselves part of Connecticut, in ex- fall/snowfall spread throughout the 12 months. Conchange for an equivalent area extending northwards from necticut averages 56% of possible sunshine (higher than
average), averaging 2,400 hours of sunshine
Ridgeeld to the Massachusetts border as well as undis- the USA[27]
annually.
[25]
puted claim to Rye, New York.
Summer is hot and often humid throughout the state, with
average highs in New London of 81F (27C) and 87 F
(31C) in Windsor Locks. Although summers are sunny
Areas maintained by the National Park Service in- in Connecticut, summer thunderstorms often bring quick
clude Appalachian National Scenic Trail, Quinebaug and downpours and thunder and lighting. Winters are generShetucket Rivers Valley National Heritage Corridor, and ally cool to cold from south to north in Connecticut, with
Weir Farm National Historic Site.[26]
average January temperatures ranging from 38F (3C)
in the coastal lowlands to 29F (2C) in the inland and
northern portions on the state. The average yearly snowfall ranges from about 5060 in the higher elevations
of the northern portion of the state to only 20-25 along
the southeast coast of Connecticut. Generally, any locale
Further information: Connecticut panhandle
2.1
north or west of Interstate 84 receives the most snow, dur- John Winthrop, then of Massachusetts, received a coming a storm, and throughout the season.
mission to create a new colony at Old Saybrook at the
[36]
Early spring (April) can range from cool to warm, while mouth of the Connecticut River in 1635. This was the
mid and late spring (May/early June) is warm to hot. Fall rst of three distinct colonies that later would be commonths are mild and bring colorful foliage across north- bined to make up Connecticut. Saybrook Colony was
ern parts of the state (the southern and coastal areas have a direct challenge to Dutch claims. The colony was not
more oak and hickory trees and fewer maples) in Octo- more than a small outpost and never matured. In 1644,
Colony merged itself into the Connecticut
ber and November. During hurricane season, tropical the Saybrook
Colony.[37]
cyclones occasionally aect the region. Thunderstorms
are most frequent during the summer, occurring on aver- The rst English settlers came in 1633 and settled at
age 30 times annually. These storms can be severe, and Windsor, and then at Wetherseld the following year.[38]
the state usually averages one tornado per year.[28] Con- However, the main body of settlers came in one large
necticuts warmest temperature is 106 F (41 C) which group in 1636. The settlers were Puritans from Masoccurred in Danbury on July 15, 1995; the coldest tem- sachusetts, led by Thomas Hooker. Hooker had been
perature is 32 F (36 C) which occurred in Falls Vil- prominent in England and was a professor of theology at
lage on February 16, 1943, and Coventry on January 22, Cambridge. He was also an important political writer and
1961.[29]
made a signicant contribution to Constitutional theory.
He broke with the political leadership in Massachusetts,
and, just as Roger Williams created a new polity in Rhode
Island, Hooker and his cohort did the same and estab2 History
lished the Connecticut Colony at Hartford in 1636.[39]
This was the second of the three colonies. The third
colony was founded in March 1638. New Haven Colony
Main article: History of Connecticut
(originally known as the Quinnipiack Colony[40] ) was established by John Davenport, Theophilus Eaton, and others at New Haven. The New Haven Colony had its own
constitution, The Fundamental Agreement of the New
Haven Colony, which was signed on June 4, 1639.[41]
Because the Dutch were outnumbered by the ood of English settlers from Massachusetts, they left their fort in
1654.[42]
2.1
The name Connecticut is derived from anglicized versions of the Algonquian word that has been translated
as long tidal river and upon the long river.[32] The
Connecticut region was inhabited by multiple Native
American tribes prior to European settlement and colonization, including the Mohegans, the Pequots, and the
Paugusetts.[33] The rst European explorer in Connecticut was the Dutch explorer Adriaen Block.[34] After he
explored this region in 1614, Dutch fur traders sailed up
the Connecticut River (then known by the Dutch as Versche Rivier Fresh River) and built a fort at Dutch Point
in what is present-day Hartford, which they called House
of Hope (Dutch: Huis van Hoop).[35]
HISTORY
in many parts.[50]
The western boundaries of Connecticut have been subject
to change over time. According to the Hartford Treaty
with the Dutch, signed on September 19, 1650, but never
ratied by the British, the western boundary of Connecticut ran north from Greenwich Bay for a distance of 20
miles[51][52] provided the said line come not within 10
miles (16 km) [16 km] of Hudson River. This agreement
was observed by both sides until war erupted between
England and The Netherlands in 1652. No other limits
were found. Conict over uncertain colonial limits continued until the Duke of York captured New Netherland
in 1664.[51][52] On the other hand, Connecticuts original
Charter in 1662 granted it all the land to the South Sea,
i.e. the Pacic Ocean.[53][54] Most colonial royal grants
A 1799 map of Connecticut which shows The Oblong. From
were for long east-west strips. Connecticut took its grant
Lows Encyclopaedia.
seriously, and established a ninth county between the
Susquehanna and Delaware Rivers, named Westmoreland
Colonys garrison that autumn, then in the spring of 1637 County. This resulted in the brief Pennamite Wars with
[55]
raided Wetherseld. Colonists there declared war on the Pennsylvania.
Pequots, organized a band of militia and Native Americans, and attacked a Pequot village on the Mystic River,
with death toll estimates ranging between 300 and 700
2.3 The American Revolution
Pequots. After suering another major loss at a battle in Faireld, the Pequots asked for a truce and peace
Connecticut designated four delegates to the Second
terms.[46]
Continental Congress who would sign the Declaration
of Independence: Samuel Huntington, Roger Sherman,
William Williams, and Oliver Wolcott.[56]
In 1775, in the wake of the clashes between British regulars and Massachusetts militia at Lexington and Concord,
Connecticuts legislature authorized the outtting of six
new regiments, with some 1,200 Connecticut troops on
hand at the Battle of Bunker Hill in June 1775.[57]
2.2
Colonial Connecticut
2.5
2.4
Connecticut manufacturers played a major role in supplying the Union forces with weapons and supplies during the
Civil War. The state furnished 55,000 men. They were
formed into thirty full regiments of infantry, including
two in the U.S. Colored Troops, with several Connecticut
men becoming generals. The Navy attracted 250 ocers
and 2100 men, and Gideon Welles was Secretary of the
Navy. James H. Ward of Hartford was the rst U.S. Naval
Ocer killed in the Civil War.[73] Connecticut casualties
disease,
Early National Period and Industrial included 2088 killed in combat, 2801 dying from
and 689 dying in Confederate prison camps.[74][75][76]
Revolution
HISTORY
In 1875, the rst telephone exchange in the world was 2.9 World War II
established in New Haven.[81]
The advent of Lend-Lease in support of Britain helped
lift Connecticut from the Great Depression,[94] with the
state a major production center for weaponry and supplies
2.7 World War I
used in World War II. Connecticut manufactured 4.1 percent of total U.S. military armaments produced during
When World War I broke out in 1914, Connecticut be- World War II, ranking ninth among the 48 states,[95] with
came a major supplier of weaponry to the U.S. mili- major factories including Colt[96] for rearms, Pratt &
tary; by 1918, 80% of the states industries were pro- Whitney for aircraft engines, Chance Vought for ghter
ducing goods for the war eort.[82] Remington Arms in planes, Hamilton Standard for propellers,[97] and Electric
Bridgeport produced half the small-arms cartridges used Boat for submarines and PT boats.[98] In Bridgeport, Genby the U.S. Army;[83] with other major suppliers includ- eral Electric would produce a signicant new weapon to
ing Winchester in New Haven and Colt in Hartford.[84]
counter opposing tanks: the bazooka.[99]
Connecticut was also an important U.S. Navy supplier,
with Electric Boat receiving orders for 85 submarines,[85]
Lake Torpedo Boat building more than 20 subs,[86] and
the Groton Iron Works building freighters.[87] On June
21, 1916, the U.S. Navy made Groton the site for its East
Coast submarine base and school.
The state enthusiastically supported the American war
eort in 1917 and 1918, with large purchases of war
bonds and a further expansion of war industry, and emphasis on increasing food production in the farms. Thousands of state, local, and volunteer groups mobilized for
the war eort, and were coordinated by the Connecticut State Council of Defense.[88] Manufacturers wrestled with manpower shortages; with American Brass and
Manufacturing running at half capacity, the federal government agreed to furlough soldiers to join the Waterbury
company.[89]
2.8
Interwar period
3.1
ern Connecticut, which would become the largest casino years old, 24.7% under 18 years old, and 13.8% were 65
in the Western Hemisphere. Mohegan Sun would follow years of age or older. Females made up approximately
four years later.[108]
51.6% of the population, with 48.4% male.
In 1790, 97% of the population in Connecticut was classied as rural. The rst census in which less than half the
population was classied as rural was 1890. In the 2000
census, it was only 12.3%. Most of western and southern Connecticut (particularly the Gold Coast) is strongly
associated with New York City; this area is the most auent and populous region of the state. Eastern Connecticut
is more culturally inuenced by the greater New England
area, including the cities of Boston and Providence. The
center of population of Connecticut is located in the town
of Cheshire.[122]
Demographics
The United States Census Bureau estimates that the population of Connecticut was 3,596,677 on July 1, 2014, a
0.63% increase since the 2010 United States Census.[8]
As of 2014, Connecticut had an estimated population
of 3,596,677,[8] which is an increase of 9,638, or 0.2%,
from the prior year and an increase of 16,250, or 0.5%,
since the year 2010. This includes a natural increase
since the last census of 67,427 people (that is 222,222
births minus 154,795 deaths) and an increase due to net
migration of 41,718 people into the state. Immigration
from outside the United States resulted in a net increase
of 75,991 people, and migration within the country produced a net loss of 34,273 people. Based on the 2005
estimates, Connecticut moves from the 29th most populous state to 30th.
4 ECONOMY
4 Economy
More recent immigrant populations include those See also: List of Connecticut locations by per capita infrom Jamaica, Guatemala, Haiti, Dominican Republic, come
Mexico, India, Philippines, Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, The total gross state product for 2012 was $229.3 billion,
Indonesia, Brazil, Panama, Cape Verde and former up from $225.4 billion in 2011.[135]
Soviet countries.[131]
Connecticuts per capita personal income in 2013 was esAs of 2011, 46.1% of Connecticuts population younger timated at $60,847, the highest of any state.[136] There
than age 1 were minorities.[132]
is, however, a great disparity in incomes throughout the
state; after New York, Connecticut had the second largest
gap nationwide between the average incomes of the top
3.2 Religion
1 percent and the average incomes of the bottom 99
[137]
According to a 2013 study by Phoenix MarA Pew survey of Connecticut residents religious self- percent.
keting
International,
Connecticut had the third-largest
identication showed the following distribution of alnumber
of
millionaires
per capita in the United States,
iations: Protestant 27%, Mormonism 0.5%, Jewish 1%,
[138]
with
a
ratio
of
7.32
percent.
New Canaan is the
Roman Catholic 43%, Orthodox 1%, Non-religious 23%,
wealthiest
town
in
Connecticut,
with
a per capita inJehovahs Witness 1%, Hinduism 0.5%, Buddhism 1%
Darien,
Greenwich,
Weston,
Westport
come
of
$85,459.
[133]
and Islam 0.5%.
Jewish congregations had 108,280
and
Wilton
also
have
per
capita
incomes
over
$65,000.
[134]
The Jewish population is
(3.2%) members in 2000.
Hartford
is
the
poorest
municipality
in
Connecticut,
with
concentrated in the towns near Long Island Sound be[139]
a
per
capita
income
of
$13,428
in
2000.
tween Greenwich and New Haven, in Greater New Haven
and in Greater Hartford, especially the suburb of West The states seasonally adjusted unemployment rate in
4.1
Taxation
9
were equalized at a maximum rate of 4%. The new tax
policy drew investment rms to Connecticut; as of 2014,
Faireld County was home to the headquarters for 14 of
the 200 largest hedge funds in the world.[141]
As of 2014, the income tax rates on Connecticut individuals are divided into six tax brackets of 3% (on income
up to $10,000); 5% ($10,000-$50,000); 5.5% ($50,000$100,000); 6% ($100,000-$200,000); 6.5% ($200,000$250,000); and 6.7% (more than $250,000), with additional amounts owed depending on the bracket.[142]
4.1
Taxation
10
4.2
5 TRANSPORTATION
Real estate
4.3
Industries
Finance and insurance is Connecticuts largest industry, according to the U.S. Census Bureau, generating
16.4% of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2009. Major nancial industry employers include The Hartford,
Travelers, Cigna, Aetna, Mass Mutual, Peoples United
Financial,[150] Royal Bank of Scotland,[151] UBS[152]
Bridgewater Associates[153] and GE Capital. Separately,
the real estate industry accounted for an additional 15%
of economic activity in 2009, with major employers including Realogy;[154] and William Raveis Real Estate.[155]
A report issued by the Connecticut Commission on Culture & Tourism on December 7, 2006, demonstrated that
the economic impact of the arts, lm, history and tourism Map of Connecticut showing major highways
generated more than $14 billion in economic activity and
170,000 jobs annually. This provides $9 billion in personal income for Connecticut residents and $1.7 billion in
state and local revenue.[161] Two casinos, Foxwoods Re- 5.1 Roads
sort Casino and Mohegan Sun, number among the states
largest employers;[162] both are located on Native Amer- Main article: List of State Routes in Connecticut
ican reservations in the eastern part of Connecticut.
Non-prot organizations register in Connecticut under
the local statutory provisions and therefore aect taxation and governance mechanisms. For instance, the headquarters of the Connecticut Food Bank are located in
5.2
Rail
to south in the center of the state, and I-395 traveling north to south near the eastern border of the state.
The other major highways in Connecticut are the Merritt
Parkway and Wilbur Cross Parkway, which together form
Connecticut Route 15 (Route 15), traveling from the
Hutchinson River Parkway in New York parallel to I-95
before turning north of New Haven and traveling parallel to I-91, nally becoming a surface road in Berlin. I95 and Route 15 were originally toll roads; they relied
on a system of toll plazas at which all trac stopped and
paid xed tolls. A series of terrible crashes at these plazas
eventually contributed to the decision to remove the tolls
in 1988.[167] Other major arteries in the state include U.S.
Route 7 (US 7) in the west traveling parallel to the New
York state line, Route 8 farther east near the industrial
city of Waterbury and traveling northsouth along the
Naugatuck River Valley nearly parallel with US 7, and
Route 9 in the east. See List of State Routes in Connecticut for an overview of the states highway system.
Between New Haven and New York City, I-95 is one of
the most congested highways in the United States. Many
people now drive longer distances to work in the New
York City area. This strains the three lanes of trac capacity, resulting in lengthy rush hour delays. Frequently,
the congestion spills over to clog the parallel Merritt Parkway. The state has encouraged trac reduction schemes,
including rail use and ride-sharing.[168]
11
5.2 Rail
Southwestern Connecticut is served by the MetroNorth Railroad's New Haven Line, operated by the
Metropolitan Transportation Authority and providing
commuter service to New York City and New Haven,
with branches servicing New Canaan, Danbury, and
Waterbury. Connecticut lies along Amtrak's Northeast
Corridor which features frequent Northeast Regional and
Acela Express service. Towns between New Haven and
New London are also served by the Shore Line East commuter line. A commuter rail service called the Hartford
Line between New Haven and Springeld on Amtraks
New Haven-Springeld Line is scheduled to begin operating in 2016. Amtrak also operates a shuttle service between New Haven and Springeld, Massachusetts,
serving Wallingford, Meriden, Berlin, Hartford, Windsor
Locks, and Springeld, MA and the Vermonter runs from
Washington to St. Albans, Vermont via the same line.
5.3 Bus
Statewide bus service is supplied by Connecticut Transit, owned by the Connecticut Department of Transportation, with smaller municipal authorities providing local
service. Bus networks are an important part of the transportation system in Connecticut, especially in urban areas
like Hartford, Stamford, Norwalk, Bridgeport and New
Haven. A three-year construction project to build a BRT
busway from New Britain to Hartford began in August
2009.[169][170]
Connecticut also has a very active bicycling community, with one of the highest rates of bicycle ownership and use in the United States. New Havens cycling
community, organized in a local advocacy group called
ElmCityCycling, is particularly active. According to the
US Census 2006 American Community Survey, New
Haven has the highest percentage of commuters who bicycle to work of any major metropolitan center on the
5.4
East Coast.
Air
5.5 Ferry
The Rocky Hill Glastonbury Ferry and the Chester
Hadlyme Ferry cross the Connecticut River. The
A Metro-North Railroad New Haven Line train leaving Stamford Bridgeport & Port Jeerson Ferry travels between
Bridgeport, Connecticut and Port Jeerson, New York
Station
by crossing Long Island Sound. Ferry service also operates out of New London to Orient, New York; Fishers
Island, New York; and Block Island, Rhode Island.
12
6.2 Executive
The governor heads the executive branch. Dan Malloy is the current Governor and Nancy Wyman is the
Lieutenant Governor, both are Democrats. Malloy, the
former mayor of Stamford, won the 2010 general election
for Governor, and was sworn in on January 5, 2011. From
1639 until the adoption of the 1818 constitution, the governor presided over the General Assembly. In 1974, Ella
Grasso was elected as the governor of Connecticut. This
was the rst time in United States history when a woman
was a governor without her husband being governor rst.
6.3 Legislative
The legislature is the General Assembly. The General
Assembly is a bicameral body consisting of an upper
body, the State Senate (36 senators); and a lower body,
the House of Representatives (151 representatives).[171]
Bills must pass each house in order to become law. The
governor can veto the bill, but this veto can be overridden
by a two-thirds majority in each house. Per Article XV of
the state constitution, Senators and Representatives must
be at least 18 years of age and are elected to two-year
terms in November on even-numbered years. There also
must always be between 30 and 50 senators and 125 to
225 representatives. The Lieutenant Governor presides
over the Senate, except when absent from the chamber,
when the President pro tempore presides. The Speaker
of the House presides over the House.[173] As of 2012,
13
Christopher G. Donovan is the current Speaker of the follow the old county lines.[180] The eight counties are still
House of Connecticut.
widely used for purely geographical and statistical purConnecticuts current United States Senators are Richard poses, such as weather reports, and census reporting.
Blumenthal (Democrat) and Chris Murphy (Democrat). Connecticut shares with the rest of New England a govConnecticut currently has ve representatives in the U.S. ernmental institution called the New England town. The
House, all of whom are Democrats.
state is divided into 169 towns, which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions.[171] There are also 21
Locally elected representatives also develop Local or[171]
most of which are coterminous with their
dinances to govern cities and towns.[174] The town cities,
namesake
towns
and have a merged city-town governordinances often include noise control and zoning
ment.
There
are
two
exceptions: City of Groton, which
[175]
guidelines.
However, the State of Connecticut does
is
a
subsection
of
the
Town of Groton, and the City of
also provide statewide ordinances for noise control as
Winsted
in
the
Town
of
Winchester. There are also nine
[176]
well.
incorporated boroughs which may provide additional services to a section of town.[171][181] One, Naugatuck, is a
consolidated town and borough.
6.4 Judicial
The state (with the exception of the Town of Staord
in Tolland County) is also divided into 15 planning
regions dened by the state Oce of Planning and
Management.[182] The Intragovernmental Policy Division
of this Oce coordinates regional planning with the administrative bodies of these regions. Each region has an
administrative body known as either a regional council
of governments, a regional council of elected ocials,
or a regional planning agency. The regions are established for the purpose of planning coordination of regional and state planning activities; redesignation of logical planning regions and promotion of the continuation of
In 1818, the court became a separate entity, independent regional planning organizations within the state; and proof the legislative and executive branches.[177] The Appel- vision for technical aid and the administration of nancial
[182]
late Court is a lesser statewide court and the Superior assistance to regional planning organizations.
Courts are lower courts that resemble county courts of
other states.
The highest court of Connecticuts judicial branch is the
Connecticut Supreme Court, headed by the Chief Justice
of Connecticut. The Supreme Court is responsible for deciding on the constitutionality of the law or cases as they
relate to the law. Its proceedings are similar to those of
the United States Supreme Court, with no testimony given
by witnesses, and the lawyers of the two sides each present
oral arguments no longer than thirty minutes. Following
a court proceeding, the court may take several months to
arrive at a judgment. The current Chief Justice is Chase
T. Rogers.
7 Politics
The State of Connecticut also oers access to Arrest warrant enforcement statistics through the Oce of Policy
Further information: Political party strength in Connectiand Management.[178]
cut and Elections in Connecticut
6.5
Local government
14
7 POLITICS
7.2
Political oce
ballot, write-in ballots are not even tallied by election ofcials, except for candidates who have submitted a formal
request that the tally be made.
In short, most winning candidates have won the endorsement of the applicable major-party convention; nearly
all of the rest have won with a professionally managed
primary-election campaign; and successful minor-party
candidates are almost without exception major-party gures like Lowell Weicker whose minor parties disappear
after that success. (A Connecticut Party, which Weicker
founded, became nominally the leading major party, and
state law was changed during his administration to provide that in a situation such as his win, the top three parties
in the governors race all became major parties.
Chris Murphy and Richard Blumenthal are Connecticuts
U.S. senators; both are Democrats.
8.3
15
Faireld College Preparatory School (1942)
Greens Farms Academy (1925)
Greenwich Country Day School (1926)
Hopkins School (1660)
Kingswood-Oxford School (1909)
7.5
Voting
In April 2012 both houses of the Connecticut state legislature passed a bill (20 to 16 and 86 to 62) that abolished
the capital punishment for all future crimes, while 11 inmates who were waiting on the death row at the time could
still be executed.[185]
In July 2009 the Connecticut legislature overrode a veto
by Governor M. Jodi Rell to pass SustiNet, the rst signicant public-option health care reform legislation in the
nation.[186]
Education
8.1
K-12
8.2
Private schools
16
9.1.1 NHL
SPORTS
Public universities
9.1.2 MLB
The Hartford Dark Blues joined the National League for
one season in 1876, making them the states only major
league baseball franchise, before moving to Brooklyn,
New York and then disbanding one season later.
9.1.3 NFL
In 1926, Hartford had a franchise in the National Football
League known as the Hartford Blues. The NFL would return to Connecticut from 1973 to 1974 when New Haven
hosted the New York Giants at Yale Bowl while Giants
Stadium was under construction.[205]
Sports
9.1
Professional sports
17
Hartford has hosted two Arena Football League franchises, in the Connecticut Coyotes from 1995 to 1996
and the New England Sea Wolves from 1999 to 2000,
both playing at the Civic Center. Hartford was home to
the Hartford Colonials of the United Football League for
one season in 2010.
The state hosts several major sporting events. Since
1952, a PGA Tour golf tournament has been played in
the Hartford area. Originally called the Insurance City
Open and later the Greater Hartford Open, the event
is now known as the Travelers Championship. The Pilot Yale Bowl during "The Game" between Yale and Harvard. The
Pen Tennis tournament is held annually in the Cullman- Bowl was also the home of the NFL's New York Giants in 1973
Heyman Tennis Center at Yale University in New Haven. 74.
Lime Rock Park in Salisbury is a 1.5-mile road racing
course, home to American Le Mans Series, Grand-Am
Rolex Sports Car Series, SCCA and NASCAR Camping
World East Series races. Thompson International Speedway, Staord Motor Speedway and Waterford Speedbowl
are oval tracks holding weekly races for NASCAR Modieds and other classes, including the NASCAR Whelen
Modied Tour.
9.2
9.3
Amateur sports
College sports
18
12
SEE ALSO
J.P. Morgan, nancier and philanthropist who dominated a period of industrial consolidation and intervened in multiple economic panics during his
time.[213]
Jackie Robinson, who broke baseballs color line,
contributing signicantly to the Civil Rights Movement.[214]
Igor Sikorsky, who created and ew the rst practical helicopter.[215]
Harriet Beecher Stowe, whose novel Uncle Toms
Cabin (1852) energized anti-slavery forces in the
American North.[216]
Meryl Streep, who holds the record for the most
Academy Awards nominations for acting.[217]
12 See also
Index of Connecticut-related articles
11
Notable people
19
13
References
Connecti-
20
13
REFERENCES
[37] http://books.google.com/books?id=jeAXAAAAIAAJ&
pg=PA74&lpg=PA74&dq=%22saybrook+colony%
22+%22connecticut+colony%22&source=bl&
ots=eegJqMVB43&sig=acUbl7XWe8zEWNqN_
uRevPaUZag&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Nnt2U_
z2GObisASrpoHACg&ved=0CNYBEOgBMBQ#
v=onepage&q=%22saybrook%20colony%22%20%
Swinton,
22connecticut%20colony%22&f=false
William, A school history of the United States, New York:
American Book Co., 1893, page 74. Retrieved May 16,
2014.
[47] Joseph A. Conforti (2003). Imagining New England: Explorations of Regional Identity from the Pilgrims to the
Mid-Twentieth Century: Explorations of Regional Identity
from the Pilgrims to the Mid-twentieth Century. U of North
Carolina Press. p. 111.
[38] Early Settlers of Connecticut. Connecticut State Library. Retrieved July 25, 2010.
[39] http://colonialwarsct.org/1636.htm
1636-Hartford,
The Society of Colonial Wars in Connecticut. Retrieved
May 16, 2014.
21
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15
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