Aptitude

TOPIC SIMPLE EQUATIONS

SYNOPSIS:
1. A set of equations like ax + by = c, dx + ey = f is called a system of simultaneous
equations in two variables x , y.
2. If the number of equations is less than the number of variables, then we say the variables
are indeterminate. Sometimes in case of indeterminate equations, say, of three variables,
it is possible that the values of one of the variables may be determined. This depends up
on the given set of equations.

EXERCISE

1.A class starts at 10 a.m. and lasts till 1.27 p.m. Four periods are held during this interval . After
every period, 5min are given free to the students. The exact duration of each period is :
a.42min

b. 48 min

c.51min

d.53min

2.A light was seen at intervals of 13 sec. It was seen for the time at 1 hr .54min. 5osecs. a.m.
and the last time at 3hrs. 17min .49secs. a.m. How many times was the light seen?
1. 360 b.375

c.378

d.384

3.A man earns Rs.20 on the first day and spends Rs.15 on the next day. He again earns Rs.20 on
the third and spends Rs.15 on the fourth day. If he continous to save like this , how soon will he
have Rs. 60 in hand?
1. On 17th day b. On 27th day

c. On 30th day

d. On 40th day

4.A boy was asked to multiply a number by 25. He instead multiplied the number by 52 and got
the
answer 324 more than the correct answer. The number to be multiplied was :
a.12

b.15

c.25

d.32

5.A apple costs Rs.7 each. A melon costs Rs.5 each. X spends Rs.36 on these fruits. The number
of apples purchased is :
a.2

b.3

c.4

d. data insufficient

6.The number of girls in a class is 5 times the number of boys. Which of the following cannot be
the total of children in the class?
a.24

b.30

c.35

d.42

7.The total number of digits used in numbering the pages of a book having 366 pages,is:

a.732

b.990

c.1098

d.1305

8.A printer numbers the pages of a book starting with 1 and uses 3189 digits in all. How many
pages does the book have?
a.1000

b.1074

c.1075

d.1080

9.In a garden there10 rows and 12 columns of mango trees. The distance between the two trees
is 2m and a distance of one meter is left from all sides of the boundary of the garden. The length
of the garden is:
a.20m

b.22m

c.24m

d.26m

10.A waiters salary consists of his salary and tips. During one week his tips were 5/4 0f his
salary. What fraction of his income came from tips?
a.4/9

b.5/4

c.5/8

d.5/9

11.To fill a tank, 25 buckets of water is required. How many buckets of water will be required to
fill the same tank if the capacity of the bucket is reduced to two-fifth of its present?
a.10

b.35

c.62

d. none of these

12.A boy read 3/8th of a book on one day and 4/5th of the remainder on another day. If there were
30 pages unread, How many pages did the book contain?
a.240

b.300

c.600

d.250

13.An institute organized a fest and 1/5th of girls and 1/8th of the boys participated in the same.
What fraction of the total number of students took part in the fest?
a.2/13

b.13/40

c. none of these

d. data inadequate

14.From a number of apples, a man sells half the number of existing apples plus 1 to the first
customer, sells 1/3rd of the remaining apples plus 1 to the second customer and 1/5 th of the
remaining apples plus 1 to the third customer .He then finds that he has 3 apples left. How many
apples did he have originally?
a.15

b.18

c.20

c.25

15.David gets on the elevator at the 11th floor of a building and rides up at the rate of 57 floors
per min. At the same time, Albert, gets on the elevator at the 51 thfloor of the same building and
rides down at the rate of 63 floors per min. If they continue travelling at these rates, then at
which floor will their paths cross?
a.19

b.28

c.30

d.37

16.In a regular week, there are 5 working days and for each day, the working hours are 8. A man
gets Rs.2.40 per hour for regular work and Rs.3.20 per hours for overtime. If he earns Rs.432 in 4
weeks, then how many hours does he work for?
a.160

b.175

c.180

d.195

17.In an examination, a student scores 4 marks for every correct answer and loses 1 mark for
every wrong answer. If he attempts in all 60 questions and secures 130 marks, the number of
questions he attempts correctly, is :
a.35

b.38

c.30

d.40

8. Eight persons are planning to share equally the cost of a rental car. If one person
withdraws from the arrangement and the others share equally the entire cost of the car,
then the share of the remaining persons increased by:
a.1/7

b.1/8

c.1/9

d.7/8

1 9.On childrens day, sweets were to be equally distributed among 175 children in a school.
Actually on the childrens day, 35 children were absent and therefore each child got 4 sweets
extra. Total how many sweets were available for distribution?
a.2400

b.2480

c.2680

d.2750

20 A piece of cloth costs Rs.35. If the length of the piece would have been 4m longer and each
meter
costs re.1 less, the cost would have remained unchanged. How long is the piece?
a.9m

b.10m

c.12m

d.14m

1. The price of 10 chairs is equal to that of 4 tables. The price of 15 chairs and 2 tables
together is Rs.4000. The total price of 12chairs and 3 tables is:
2. Rs . 3000 b. Rs . 3750

c. Rs . 3840

d. Rs . 3900

22.In a certain shop, 9oranges cost as much as 5 apples, 5 apples cost as much as 3 mangoes
and 4 mangoes cost as much as 9 lemons. If 3 lemons cost Rs.4.80, the price of an orange is :
1. Rs.1.20 b. Rs.1.30

c. Rs.1.40

d. Rs.1.50

23.The taxi charges in a city comprise of a fixed charge, together with the charge of the distance
charged. For a journey of 16km, the charges paid are Rs.156 and for a journey of 24km, the
charges paid are Rs.204.What will a person have to pay for travelling a distance of 30km?
a.Rs.236

b .Rs.240

c.Rs.248

d. Rs.252

4. Ina groups of cows and ducks, the number of legs are 24 more than twice the number of
heads. What is the number of cows in the group?
a.6

b.8

TOPIC-RATIO AND PROPORTION:

SYNOPSIS:

c.10

d.12

1.A ratio is an ordered comparison of two quantities. The ratio of a and b is denoted by a : b.

2.The equality of ratios is called proportion .If a : b = c : d then we say that a, b, c, d are in
proportion.

3.If a : b = c : d then d is called the fourth proportion of a, b, c.

4. If a : b = b : c then c is called the third proportion of a, b, c.

5.Mean proportional between a and b is .

6.Duplicate ratio of a : b is a2 : b2.

7.Sub duplicate ratio of a : b is : .

8.Triplicate ratio of a : b is a3 : b3.

9.Sub- triplicate ratio of a : b is a1/3 : b1/3.

10.we say that x is directly proportional to y, if x = k y for some constant k .

1. we say that x is inversely proportional to y, if x y = k for some constant k .

EXERCISE

1 Find the ratio of third proportional to 12 and 30 and the mean proportional of 9 and 25?
1. 5:1 b . 1:5 c. 9:5

d. 75 : 13

2.In an examination, 25 students out of 70 scored less than 50% marks. Find the ratio of number
of students who scored 50% marks or more to number of students who scored less than 50%
marks?

1. 5 : 9

b. 11 :9

c.9 : 5

d. 9 : 11

3.In a mixture of 60l, the ratio of milk and water is 3 : 1. How much water should be added to
make the ratio 2 :1?
1. 10l b.15l

c.17l

d.12l

4.A and B have incomes in the ratio 5: 3. The expenses of A,B and C are in the ratio 8 : 5 : 2. If C
spends Rs.2000 and B saves Rs.700. Find the saving of A.
1. Rs.1900

b. Rs.1500

c. Rs.2000

d. Rs.1000

5.A man divides his property so that his sons share to his wifes and the wifes share to his
daughter are both in the ratio 3 : 1. If daughter gets Rs. 10000 less than the son, find the total
worth of the property?
1. Rs.12500 b. Rs.16250

c. Rs.18250

d.Rs.15500

6.The fraction that bears the same ratio to 4/9 that 3/11 does to 5/3 is
a.4/5

b.5/6

c.6/5

d.7/5

7.A sum Rs.427 is to be divided among A,B and C such that 3 times As share , 4 times Bs share
and 7 times Cs share are all equal. The share of C is
a.Rs.84

b. Rs.147

c.Rs.196

d. Rs.240

8.I have one rupee coins, fifty paise coins and twenty paise coins. The number of coins are in the
ratio 2.5 : 3 : 4. If the total amount with me is Rs. 210. Find the number of one rupee coins?
1. 90 b.85

c.100

d.105

2. If 35% of As income is equal to 25% of Bs income, then the ratio of their income is
a.4 : 3

b.5 : 7

c.7 : 5

d.4 : 7

1. 5 mangoes and 4 oranges costs as much as 3 mangoes and 7 oranges. The ratio of the
cost of one mango to that of one orange is
2. 4 : 3 b. 1 : 3

c.3 : 2

d.5 : 2

11.Last year the ratio between the salaries of A and B was 3 : 4. But the ratio of their individual
salaries between the last year and this year were 4 : 5 and 2 : 3 respectively.If the sum of their
present salaries is Rs.4160 then the salary of A is now
1. Rs.1040 b.Rs.1600

c.Rs.2560

d.Rs.3120

2. The ratio of males and females in a group is 6 : 7. If 4 females join the group and 3 males
leave the group then the ratio of females to males in the becomes 4 : 3. What is the
original number of males and females in the group respectively?
a.48,56

b.54,63

c.42,49

d.36,42

13.A mixture contains alcohol and water in the ratio 4 : 3 . if 5l of water is added to the mixture,
the ratio becomes 4 : 5. Find the quantity of alcohol in the given mixture?
a.10l

b.12l

c.14l

d.13l

14.The salaries of A,B and C are in the ratio 2:3:5. If the increments of 15%,10% and 20% are
allowed respectively in their salaries, then what will be the new ratio of their salaries ?
1. 3 : 3 : 10 b. 10 : 11 : 20

c. 23 : 33 : 60

d. cannot be determined

2. Two numbers are respectively 20% and 50% more than a third number. The ratio of the
two numbers is :
3. 2 :5 b.3 :5

c. 4 :5

d.4 :5

16.Two whole numbers whose sum is 72 cannot be in the ratio:

a.5 :7

b. 3 :5

c. 3 : 4

d. 4 :5

17.If a carton containing a dozen mirrors is dropped, which of the following cannot be the ratio of
broken mirrors to un broken mirrors?
1. 2 : 1 b. 3 : 1

c. 3 : 2

d. 7 : 5

18Ratio of the earnings of A and B is 4 : 7. If the earnings of A increase by 50% and those of B
decrease by 25%, The new ratio of their earnings becomes 8 : 7. What are As earnings?
a.Rs.21000

b. Rs.26000

c. Rs.28000

d. cannot be determined

9. what least number must be subtracted from each of the numbers 14,17, 34 and 42 so that
the remainders may be proportional?
a.0

b.1

c.2

d.7

20.The ratio between two numbers is 3 : 4 and their L. C. M is 180. The first number is :
a.60

b.45

c. 20

d.15

21.An alloy is to contain copper and zinc in the ratio 9 : 4. The zinc required to be melted with 24
kg of copper is:
a.10 2/3kg

b.10 1/3kg

c.9 2/3kg

d.9kg

22.60 kg of an alloy A is mixed with 100kg of alloy B. A has lead and tin in the ratio 3 : 2 and the
alloy B has tin and copper in the ratio 1 ; 4,then the amount of tin in the new alloy is:
a.36kg

b.44kg

c.53kg

d.80kg

23.Gold is 19 times as heavy as water and copper is 9 times as heavy as water. In what ratio
should these be mixed to get an alloy 15 times as heavy as water?
a.1 :1

b. 2 :3

c. 1 :2

d. 3 : 2

4. 15l of mixture contains 20% alcohol and the rest water. If 3l of water be mixed to the
mixture then the percentage of alcohol in the new mixture would be:
5. 15% b.16 2/3%

c.17%

d. 18 %

25 . In a school, 10% of the boys are same in number as th of the girls. What is the ratio of
boys to girls in that school?
1. 3 : 2 5 : 2

TOPIC:PERCENTAGES
SYNOPSIS:

c. 2 : 1

d.4 : 3

1. Concept of Percentage: By a certain percent, we mean that , many hundredths. Thus , x

percent means x hundredths, written as x%
To express x% as a fraction: we have, x% =
Thus, 20% = = ; 48% = = , etc.
To express as a percent : We have , = ( )%
Thus, = % = 25%; 0.6 = = = ( X 100)% = 60%
1. If the price of a commodity increases by R%, then the reduction in consumption so as not
to increase the expenditure is
X 100 %
If the price of a commodity increases by R%, then the reduction in consumption so as not to
increase the expenditure is
X 100 %
III. Results on Population: Let the population of a town be P now and suppose it increases at
the rate of R% per annum, then:
1. Population after n years = P ()
2. Population n years ago =
3. Results on Depreciation : Let the present value of a machine be P. Suppose it depreciates
at the rate of R% per annum. Then:
4. Value of the machine after n years = P ()
5. Value of the machine r n years ago =
6. If A is R% more than B, then B is less than A by X 100 %
If A is R% Less than B, then B is more than A by X 100 %
EXERCISE
1.In a certain school, 20% of the students are below 8 years of age. The number of students
above 8 years of age is 2/3 of the number of students of 8 years age which is 48.What is the total
number of students in the school?
a.72

b.80

c.120

d. None of these

2. The price of a car is Rs.3,25,000. It was insured to 85% of its price. The car was damaged
completely in an accident and the insurance company paid 90% of the insurance. What
was the difference between the price of the car and the amount received?
a.Rs.32,500

b.Rs.48,750

c.Rs.76,375

d.81,250

3. 8% of the people eligible to vote are between 18 and 21 years of age. In an election, 85%
of those eligible to vote, who were between 18 and 21 actually voted. In that election, the

number of persons between 18 and 21 actually voted, what percent of those eligible to
vote ?
a.4.2

b.6.4

c.6.8

d.8

4. In an examination, A Scored 25% less than B. By what percent did B score more than A?
5. 25% b. 20% c. 33 1/3%

d. 36 2/3%

6. In an examination, A Scored 60% of the minimum marks and passed by 36 marks and B
scored 30% of the minimum marks and failed by 18 marks Find the pass mark
7. 54 b. 36 c. 72

d. 84

8. As weight is 10% less than that of B and Cs weight is 10% more than that of B. By what
percent is As Weight less than that of C?
9. 20% b. 18 2/11% c. 1 9/11%

d. 16 2/3%

7. In an office, 30% of the employees are men and the remaining are women. 60% of the
men are
married and 66% of the employees are married. What percentage of women are not married
1. 17 1/7% b. 30% c. 31 3/7%

d.20%

2. The price of an item went up by 25% and a family decided to reduce its consumption so
that the total expenditure would increase by only 8% as compared to the previous
expenditure. If 25kg of the item was consumed previously, then how many kgs of the item
should be consumed new.
a.25 kg

b.20 kg

c. 22.4 kg

d. 21.6 kg

9.From the salary of an officer, 10% is deducted as house rent, 20% of the rest he spends on
conveyance, 20%of the rest he pays as income tax and 10% of the balance, he spends cloths.
Then, he is left with Rs.15,552. Find his total salary.
a.Rs.25,000

b.Rs.30,000

c.Rs.35,000

d.Rs.40,000

1. 405 sweets were distributed equally among children in such away that the number of
sweets received by each child is 20% of the total number of children. How many sweets
did each child receive ?
a.9

b.15

c.18

d.45

1. Find the single discount equivalent to a series discount of 20 %, 10 % & 5 %

2. 31.6 %

b. 68.4 %

c. 42.8 %

d. 56.4 %

3. After getting two successive discounts a shirt with a list price of Rs. 150 is available at Rs.
105. If the second discount is 12.5 %, find the first discount?
4. 20 %

b. 80 %

c. 40 %

d. 60 %

3. At what percentage above the cost price must an article be marked so as to gain 33 %
after allowing a customer a discount of 5 %?
4. 40 %

b. 140 %

c. 60 %

d. 80 %

5. The population of a town was 1,60,000 three years ago. If it is increased by 3%, 2.5% and
5% respectively in the last three year, then the present population is
a.1,77,000

b.1,77,366

c.1,77,461

d.1,77,596

15.The population of a town increases by 5% annually. If its population in 2001 was 1,38,915,
what it was in 1998 ?
a.1,00,000

b.1,08,000

c.1,10,000

d.1,20,000

16.Fresh fruit contains 68% water and dry fruit contains 20% water. How much dry fruit can be
obtained from 100kg of fresh fruits?
a.32kg

b.40kg

c.52kg

d.80kg

17.A building worth Rs.1,33,100 is constructed on land worth Rs.72,900. After how many years
will the value of both be the same if land appreciates at 10%p.a. and building depreciates at
10% p.a ?
a.3/2

b.2

c.5/2

d.3

18.The total population of a village is 5000. The number of males and females increases by 10%
and 15% respectively and consequently the population of the village becomes 5600.What was
the number of males in the village ?
a.2000

b.2500

c.3000

d.4000

19. Amits monthly income is 30% more than that of Raunaq. Raunaqs monthly income is 20%
less than that of Deepak. If the difference between the monthly incomes of Amit and Deepak is
Rs. 800. What is the monthly income of Raunaq?
a.Rs.12,000

b.Rs.16,000

c.Rs.20,000

d.Data Inadequate

20. In an examination, 35% candidates failed in one subject and 42% failed in another subject
while 15% failed in both the subjects. If 2500 candidates appeared at the examination, how
many passed in either subject but not in both ?
a.325

b.1175

c.2125

d. None of these

21.A bag contains 600 coins of 25paise denomination and 1200 coins of 50p denominations. If
12% of 25p coins and 24% of 50p coins are removed, the percentage of money removed from
the bag is nearly

a.15.6%

b.17.8%

c.21.6%

d.30%

22.They are 600 boys in a hostel. Each plays either hockey or football or both. If 75% play hockey
and 45% play football, how many play both?
a.48

b.60

c.80

d.120

3. In a fraction, If numerator is increased by 40% and denominator is increased by 80% then

what fraction of the original is the new fraction?
4. b.7/9

c.7/18

d. data inadequate

24.The number which exceeds 16% of it by 42 is

a.50

b.52

c.58

d.60