Code.

No: 44042
R07 SET-1
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
II .B.TECH –II SEM SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATIONS JANUARY- 2010
FUELS, FURNACES AND REFRACTORIES
(METALLURGY & MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY)
Time: 3hours Max.Marks:80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
---

1.a) Distinguish between primary fuels and secondary fuels.

b) Discuss how are moisture and volatile matter content in coal are determined.
c) Describe the differences between fixed carbon and total carbon. [6+5+5]

2.a) What is carbonized of coal?

b) Compare and contrast low temperature carbonization and high temperature
carbonization. [8+8]

3.a) Explain about Blast furnace gas cleaning system.

b) What are the different types of liquid fuels? Give their properties. [8+8]

4.a) Define and explain the following terms:

i) Steady state conduction
ii) Unsteady state conduction
iii) Thermal conductivity
iv) Heat transfer coefficient
b) Why is the thermal conductivity of electrically conducting solid generally larger
than that of non-conductor? Explain. [8+8]

5.a) Give the classification of furnaces and their uses in metallurgical industry.
b) Discuss about Arc furnaces and their uses. [8+8]

6. With a neat flow sheet explain the method of production of Silica refractories.
[16]

7.a) Explain the method of determining the Pyrometric Cone Equivalent (PCE) for
refractories with a neat sketch.
b) Discuss the method of determining the resistance to slag attack by running slag
test. [8+8]

8. Define and explain the following terms:

a) Peltier effect
b) Thompson effect
c) Thermo pile
d) Black body [16]

*******
Code.No: 44042
R07 SET-2
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
II .B.TECH –II SEM SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATIONS JANUARY- 2010
FUELS, FURNACES AND REFRACTORIES
(METALLURGY & MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY)
Time: 3hours Max.Marks:80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
---

1.a) Distinguish between solid fuels, liquid fuels and gaseous fuels.
b) Explain how are carbon and hydrogen content in coal are determined. [8+8]

2.a) List out the advantages and disadvantages of pulverized coals.

b) What are factors on which burning of pulverized coal depends? Explain them.
[8+8]
3.a) Discuss about the various theories describing the origin of petroleum.
b) Describe the distillation process of petroleum by any one method. [8+8]

4. Derive an expression for the temperature distribution under one dimensional

steady state conduction for the following systems:
a) Plane wall
b) Cylindrical wall [16]

5.a) Explain about principles of waste heat recovery.

b) Explain about regenerators and recuperators. [8+8]

6. Discuss the various steps involved in the production of Fireclay refractories. [16]

7.a) Discuss the method of determining the resistance to carbon monoxide attack.
b) Discuss the method of determining the cold crushing strength of refractories with
a suitable sketch. [8+8]

8.a) Give the classification of pyrometers.

b) Explain the principle and operation of an Optical pyrometer. What are the
applications of these pyrometers? [8+8]

*******
Code.No: 44042
R07 SET-3
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
II .B.TECH –II SEM SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATIONS JANUARY- 2010
FUELS, FURNACES AND REFRACTORIES
(METALLURGY & MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY)
Time: 3hours Max.Marks:80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
---

1.a) Give the classification of fuels with examples.

b) Discuss the metamorphism of coal in detail. [8+8]

2.a) Explain the following with respect to the requirements of a good metallurgical
coke:
i) Porosity
ii) Calorific value
iii) Strength
iv) Reactivity
b) Discuss briefly about `Sundrgren drum index of coke’. [8+8]

3. What is producer gas? With the help of a neat sketch and relevant chemical
reactions, explain the manufacture of producer gas. Explain the advantages of
producer gas. [16]

4.a) What is thermal diffusivity? Derive an expression for thermal diffusivity of an

insulating material from first principle, under steady state heat conduction.
b) Give the expression for thermal resistance for conduction for a hollow cylinder in
terms of inner and outer radii and explain it. [8+8]

5. Discuss about continuous heat treatment furnaces with the help of neat figures.
[16]

6.a) Give the classification of refractories based on chemical-mineralogical analysis.

Give examples.
b) Discuss the thermal spalling and structural spalling in refractories. [8+8]

7. Describe the lining of the following furnaces in detail:

a) Blast furnace
b) Cupola [16]

8.a) Discuss the cold junction corrections adopted in thermo couples.

b) Discuss the effect of distance, emissivity and absorbing media on Optical
pyrometer readings. [8+8]

*******
Code.No: 44042
R07 SET-4
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
II .B.TECH –II SEM SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATIONS JANUARY- 2010
FUELS, FURNACES AND REFRACTORIES
(METALLURGY & MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY)
Time: 3hours Max.Marks:80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
---

1. Explain the following theories of coal formation:

a) In-situ theory
b) Drift theory [16]

2.a) Describe the following tests conducted for metallurgical coke:

i) Shatter index of coke
ii) Micum index of coke
b) What are the properties that are required for the coke which is used in blast
furnace? [8+8]

3.a) What is water gas and carbureted water gas.

b) Describe the production of water gas and carbureted water gas.
c) What are the properties of water gas and carbureted water gas? [6+5+5]

4.a) Describe the mechanism of heat transfer by conduction.

b) Derive an expression for heat transfer by conduction through a composite
cylindrical wall. [8+8]

5. Write short notes on:

a) Induction furnaces
b) Reverberatory furnace [16]

6. What is the raw material used for the production of Chromite refractories?
Discuss the various steps involved in the production of Chromite refractories. [16]

7.a) Explain the method of determining the spalling resistance by panel test.
b) Discuss the method of determining the true specific gravity and true density of
refractories. [8+8]

8.a) What is a pyrometer? What are the common types of pyrometer used in industrial
furnaces?
b) Describe in detail the working of a total radiation pyrometer with a neat sketch.
[8+8]

*******