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Physiotherapy exercises can improve the ability to use parts of the body that have been
affected by disease or injury. Exercising daily plays a crucial role in the process of
healing and recovering from injury or disease.
of
motion
exercises
are
also
called
"ROM"
exercises.
3. Passive ROM exercises are when you cannot do the exercises by yourself or
need someone to help you.
4. Resistive ROM exercises are when you are actively performing the exercises
and you have someone resist the movement you are performing.
Active exercise is an exercise in which the patient exerts force to complete an action,
e.g. standing up from bed. The Physiotherapist is typically a supervisor and provides
little to no assistance to the patient unless a problem arises, i.e. fall.
Passive exercise is an exercise in which the Physiotherapist exerts force on the patient
to complete an action, e.g. assisted range of motion (ROM) exercises. the
Physiotherapist is physically moving a client's body to prevent thrombosis, atrophy, etc.
This is typical in -paresis or -plegia patients.
Resisted exercises
Resistance exercise is also known as strength training, and it is performed to increase
the strength and mass of muscles, bone strength and metabolism. It is important for you
to gain sufficient muscle strength, because it can help you perform daily activities with
ease. Resistance exercise stimulates the development of small proteins in muscle cells,
which will in turn enhance your muscles' ability to generate force.
There are basically three different ways to do resistance exercises, and they are weight
machines, free weights and calisthenics. When you are using weight machines, you can
choose the weight you want to lift by adding or removing plates, but your movements
will be dictated by the machines you use. On the other hand, free weights allow you to
determine and control the position of your body when you are lifting weights.
Calisthenics are performed without the use of weights, and they include physiotherapy
exercises such as push ups, sit ups and chin ups. In these physiotherapy exercises, your
body weight acts as the resistance force.
Joint
mobilization
is
treatment
technique
used
to
to the cervical region if there is dysfunction with the flow of blood within the
vertebral artery
Suspension therapy
Suspension training is a tool that uses body weight and gravity to challenge the
neuromuscular system in ways conventional exercises are unable to accomplish. The
suspension trainer provides an alternative to working out with an exercise machine. The
system-which uses a device that hangs from the ceiling-was developed by Navy Seals.
All exercises are performed standing or in suspension, thus increasing stabilizing
musculature and posture, integrating multi-joint physiotherapy exercises for enhanced
coordination and neuromuscular recruitment.
Relaxation techniques
Planned relaxation calms anxiety and helps your body and mind recover from everyday
rush and stress. Music, a long soak in the bath, or a walk in the park do the trick for
some people, but for others it's not so easy. If you feel you need help with learning to
relax, try a relaxation or meditation class. Your GP and local library will have
information about these.
Before you start, do a few gentle stretching exercises to relieve muscular tension.
Gently tense, then relax, each part of your body, starting with your feet and
working your way up to your face and head.
Push any distracting thoughts to the back of your mind; imagine them floating
away.
Don't try to relax; simply let go of the tension in your muscles and allow them to
become relaxed.
Let your mind go empty. Some people find it helpful to visualise a calm, beautiful
place such as a garden or meadow.
Stay like this for about 20 minutes, then take some deep breaths and open your
eyes, but stay sitting or lying for a few moments before you get up.
Contrast Method
Pull your feet up towards you as hard as you can then relax them
Either push your knees down into the pillow (if you are lying down) or push your
feet down into the floor (if you are sitting down) then relax
Stretch both hands out into star shapes then relax them
Tighten the muscles around your elbows and either push down into the bed or
onto the arms of the chair then relax them
Push your head back into the pillow or head rest then relax
Now your muscles are in a better state of relaxation. Stay in the position from
your contrast method and begin to focus on your breathing. Try not to change your
breathing pattern. With every breath in feel your chest rise, and with every breath out
feel your chest fall. As your chest falls feel yourself sink slightly further into the chair
or bed. Try to do this for at least 10 minutes.
Physiotherapy exercises that strengthen the muscles across your upper back and
shoulders will help you maintain good posture.
Practice yoga
Proper standing posture is about alignment and balance. It also lends an air of
confidence. Here are some tips for achieving the correct upright posture:
Place your feet about shoulder width apartthe same stance you would use for
working out or many other physical activities.
Stand up straight. This is, of course, the key to good standing posture, and bears
repeating. As you develop good posture habits, this will become second nature.
Keep your weight on the balls of your feet. Keep your shoulders squared. It may
feel unnatural at first, if you have not developed good posture habits. Like standing
up straight, however, this will become second nature. Pull your head back and up.
Walking with good postures is simply an extension of standing with good posture.
Keep your head up, shoulders back, chest out, and eyes looking straight ahead.
Sit up straight. If you work long hours at a desk, and have the option, use a chair
that's ergonomically designed for proper support, and designed for your height and
weight. If this is not an option, try using a small pillow for lumbar support.
Align your back with the back of the office chair. This will help you avoid
slouching or leaning forward, which you may find yourself doing after sitting too long
at your desk.
As with standing posture, keep your shoulders straight and squared, your head is
upright, and your neck, back, and heels are all aligned.
Keep both feet on the ground or footrest (if your legs don't reach all the way to
the ground).
Adjust your chair and your position so that your arms are flexed, not straight out.
Aim for roughly a 75- to 90-degree angle at the elbows. If they are too straight, you're
too far back, and if they are more than 90 degrees, you're either sitting too close, or
you're slouching. Even if you are using perfect posture while sitting in the best chair
in the world, you need to stand up and stretch, walk around, do a little physiotherapy
exercises or just stand there for a few minutes.
When you're lifting something off the ground any heavier than your cat, always
bend at the knees, not the waist. Your back muscles are not designed for that, but
your large leg and stomach muscles are. Use them well.
Hydrotherapy exercises
Hydrotherapy is the use of water to provide therapeutic effects. This is quite a wide
ranging topic and can include treatments such as steam rooms and clonic hydrotherapy,
but in this case we are referring to the use of water (in ahydrotherapy pool) to help with
musculoskeletal and neural rehabilitation, as often used in physiotherapy exercises.
3. Muscle tightness.
4. Muscle cramp.
5. Loss of flexibility.
Breathing exercises
Diaphragmatic breathing
Segmental breathing
Glossopharyngeal breathing
Paced breathing
Massage
Massage is the manipulating of superficial and deeper layers of muscle and connective
tissue using various techniques, to enhance function, aid in the healing process,
improved heart health. The best way to stick with an aerobic program is to find types
of physiotherapy exercises that you enjoy.
Balance exercises
Loss of balance is common in certain medical conditions and the elderly. This can
contribute to falls and difficulty walking. Balance and proprioception (joint position
awareness) is important to improve your ability to regulate shifts in your body's centre
of gravity while maintaining control. Balance exercises have been shown scientifically to
prevent injury and are an important component of rehabilitation following lower limb
injury. It is important to discuss the suitability of these exercises with your
physiotherapist prior to commencing them.
Usually, balance physiotherapy exercises should be performed for 5 minutes per day
initially and progressed to 10-15 minutes or longer provided they do not cause or
increase symptoms. Generally you should select a range of physiotherapy exercises that
challenge your balance without causing an increase in symptoms. Always set up your
environment to ensure safety and prevent falls, in case you lose your balance (e.g.
practice at a bench or with a spotter).
Stretching exercises
Read more about types of physical therapy exercises onAbout.com