AT6301

AUTOMOTIVE ENGINES

LTPC 3003

OBJECTIVES:
To understand the basic principles of engines used for automobiles and different systems.
UNIT I CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION

Constructional details of spark ignition (SI) and compression ignition (CI) engines. Working
principles. Two stroke SI and CI engines construction and working. Comparison of SI and CI
engines and four stroke and two stroke engines. Engine classification, firing order. Otto, diesel
and dual cycles.
UNIT II FUEL SYSTEMS

Air fuel ratio requirements of SI engines, Air fuel ratio and emissions, working of a simple fixed
venturi carburetor, Constant vacuum carburetor. Diesel fuel injection systems-Jerk pumps,
distributor pumps, pintle and multihole nozzles, Unit injector and common rail injection systems.
Injection pumps calibration. Need for a governor for diesel engines. Description of a simple
diesel engine governor.
UNIT III COMBUSTION AND COMBUSTION CHAMBERS

Introduction to combustion in SI and diesel engines and stages of combustion. Dependence of

ignition timing on load and speed. Knock in SI and CI engines. Combustion chambers for SI and
CI engines. Direct and indirect injection combustion chambers for CI engines. Importance of
Swirl, squish and turbulence. Factors controlling combustion chamber design.
UNIT IV SUPERCHARGING, TURBOCHARGING AND ENGINE TESTING

Supercharging and Turbocharging, Different methods of turbocharging, Intercooling,

Turbocharger controls including, waster gate, variable geometry, variable nozzle types.
Dynamometers, Indicated thermal, brake thermal and volumetric efficiencies. Measurement of
friction, Cylinder pressure measurement. Engine performance maps, Engine testing standards.
UNIT V COOLING AND LUBRICATION SYSTEMS

Need for cooling, types of cooling systems- air and liquid cooling systems. Thermo syphon and
forced circulation and pressurized cooling systems. Properties of coolants. Requirements of
lubrication systems. Types-mist, pressure feed, dry and wet sump systems. Properties of
lubricants.

RVS TECHNICAL CAMPUS, COIMBATORE

DEPARTMENT OF AUTOMOBILE ENGINERING
Automotive Engines Question Bank
UNIT 5 Cooling and Lubrications of IC Engine
PART -A
1. What is the need for cooling system?
2. What are the characteristic of an efficient cooling system?
3. What is the efficiency of a cooling system?
4. Explain the direct or non return system?
5. Difference between thermosyphon & forced circulation cooling system?
6. Define evaporative cooling system and pressure cooling system?
7. What is the use of thermostat in forced circulation cooling system?
8. Explain the types of radiator cores?
9. Write the applications of air cooled system?
10.State any two properties of coolant used in automobiles?
11.What is the function of the lubrication system?
12.Which engine components needs lubrication?
13.Explain dry sump lubrication system?
14.What is meant by blow by?
15.What are the properties of lubrications?
16.Define Flash and Fire Points?
17.Define viscosity index?
18.Define pour and cloud point?
19.List the characterstics of additives used in lubricants?
20.What is the use of antifrezzing agents?
PART-B
1. What is all the engine components need lubrication of engine components?
2. Explain the forced circulation system and its components with neat sketch?
3. Explain about the radiator cores? (8)
4. Explain the following (4*4 =16) or (2*8 =16)
1. Direct or non-return system

2. Thermosyphon system
3. Evaporative cooling system
4. Pressure cooling system
5. Write about the comparison between the liquid and air cooling system?
6. What is the application of air-cooling system? (8 or 4 marks)
7. Advantages and disadvantages of Air-cooling system or Water-Cooling system?
8. Explain about the properties of lubricants?
9. What is meant by mist lubrication system?
10. Explain the types of wet sump lubrication system?
11. Explain about the dry sump lubrication system?
12. Explain about the crankcase ventilation?
13. Write about additives used with lubricants?
UNIT 4 SUPERCHARGING, TURBOCHARGING AND ENGINE TESTING
PART - A
1. Define turbocharger & supercharger?
2. State the need for the turbocharger?
3. State the disadvantages of turbocharger?
Turbo lag, especially on large turbos. A large turbo may give more peak
power, but can take more time to spool up.
Driveability may be compromised, particularly when the boost threshold is
approached and suddenly a surge of power is too much for the tyres to cope
with, causing understeer/oversteer (depending on which wheels are driven).
This reduces the useable power band of the engine, and leads to more wear
and tear on the drivetrain.
Turbochargers are costly to add to NA engines, and add complexity. Adding
a turbo can often cause a cascade of other engine modifications to cope with

the increased power, such as exhaust manifold, intercooler, gauges,

plumbing, lubrication, and possibly even the block and pistons.
5. List the advantages of turbocharging?
More specific power over a naturally aspirated (NA) engine it means an
engine can produce more power for its size. Turbo 1.5-litre Formula 1
engines regularly produced in excess of 1000bhp.
Reuse of excess exhaust heat (it gets channeled into the turbocharger to
increase boost to the engine) means the engine runs more efficiently than
NA or supercharged engines.
A turbocharger is smaller, lighter and easier to fit than a supercharger, and it
is more consistent than, for example, a nitrous oxide kit
Because a small engine can be made to produce the power of a huge NA
engine, fuel economy is often better on a per kW basis.
6. Effect of turbocharging on both SI and CI engine? (Refer Presentations for Ans)
7. State the applications turbocharger in SI engine?
8. What is meant by turbolag? How to overcome this?
9. How does supercharging increase the power output of the engine?
10. State any two methods used to measure the friction power of the engine?
1. Willans line method 2. Morse test
3. Motoring test

4. From the measurement of indicated & brake power

5. Retardation test
11. Explain different methods of turbocharging?
12. State the methods used to measure the indicated power of an engine
(i)

Using the indicator diagram

(ii)

By adding two measure quantities (brake power and friction power)

13. Three main types of engine indicator:

1. Piston indicator

2. Balanced diaphragm type indicator

3. Electronic indicator
14. Parts of an electronic indicator:
1. a pressure pick up
2. Preamplifying device
3. Time base recording device
4. Display unit
15. Define the following (with formula and units) Very important
1. Indicated power
2. Brake power
3. Brake mean effective pressure
4. Indicated thermal efficiency
5. Brake thermal efficiency
6. Volumetric efficiency
16. What is the principle of dynamometer and its types?
17. List the different types of dynamometer?
18. What are the types of superchargers?
1. Centrifugal type
2. Roots type
3. Vane type
19. Effects of supercharging and limitations of super charging?
20. What is use charge intercooler?
21. Explain about two stage supercharging & it needs in planes?
For a fourth unit the following chapters should be viewed in V.Ganesan
1. Measurements and Testing

2. Performance Parameters and characteristics

3. Super charging
PART B
1. Explain the methods used to the measurement engine brake power? Or explain
the dynamometer principle and its types? ((very important questions)
2. Explain the cylinder pressure measurement with neat sketch? (very important
questions)
3. Explain about the engine performance maps for both SI and CI engines?
4. Explain about the engine testing standards?
5. Explain about supercharging and turbocharging?
6. Explain the following (very important questions)
1. Explain the methods of supercharging with neat diagrams?
2. Advantages and disadvantages of turbo & super charger?
3. Explain about the turbocharger controlling techniques (i.e Waster gate,
Variable turbine geometry, Variable nozzle turbine)
4. Explain the effect of turbocharging on the power output of SI and CI
engine?
5. Explain the thermodynamic analysis of supercharged engine cycle?
6. Measurement techniques of friction power of an engine ? (VIQ)
6. Work out Problems from Turbocharger and engine power and efficiency

UNIT 2 DIAGARMS

Explain in detail about the working principles of governor (Very IM Ques)