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MAT540 Week 1 Discussion

"Class Introductions" Please respond to the following:
Please introduce yourself, including your educational and career goals, as well as some personal
information about yourself. In your introduction, please draw from your own experience (or use
a search engine) to give an example of how probability is used in your chosen profession. If you
get your information from an online or other resource, be sure to cite the source of the
information
MAT540 Week 1 Homework
Chapter 1

1.
The Retread Tire Company recapstires. The fixed annual cost of the recapping oper
ation is
$65,000. Thevariable cost of recappinga tire is $7.5.The company charges$25 torecap a tire.
a.

For an annual volumeof 15,000 tire, determine the total cost, total revenue, and profit.

b.

Determine the annual break-evenvolume for the Retread TireCompany operation.

2.
Evergreen Fertilizer Company produces fertilizer. The companysfixed monthly
cost is $25,000, andits variable cost per pound of fertilizer is $0.20.Evergreen sells th
e fertilizer for $0.45 per pound. Determinethe monthly break-evenvolume for the comp
any.
3.
If Evergreen Fertilizer Company in problem 2 changesthe price of its fertilize
r from $0.45per poundto $0.55 per pound, what effect will thechange have on the breakeven volume?
4.
If Evergreen Fertilizer Company increases its advertising expenditure by $10,0
00per year, whateffect will the increase haveon the break-even volume computedin
problem 2?
5.
Annie McCoy,a student at Tech, plans to open a hot dog stand insideTechs f
ootball stadiumduring home games. There are6 home games scheduledfor
the upcoming season.
She must pay
the Techathleticdepartmenta vendors fee of $3,000for the season.Her stand and other e

quipment will cost her $3,500for the season. She estimatesthat each hot dog shesells will
cost her $0.40. she has talkedto friends at otheruniversities who sell hot dogs at games.
Based on their information and the athletic departments forecastthat each game will sel
l out, she anticipates that she will sell approximately 1,500 hotdogs during each game.
a. What price shouldshe charge for a hot dog in order to break even?
b.

What factors might occur during the season that would alter the volume sold an
d thus the break-evenprice Annie might charge?
6.
The college of businessat Kerouac University is planningto begin an online MB
A program.The initialstart-upcost for computingequipment, facilities, course
development and staff recruitment and developmentis $400,000.The college plans to ch
arge tuition of $20,000 per studentper year. However, the universityadministration will c
harge the college $10,000 per student for the first 100 studentsenrolled each year foradm
inistrativecosts and its shareof the tuitionpayments.
a. How many students does thecollege need to enroll in thefirst year to break-even?
b.

c.

If the college can enroll 80 students thefirst year, how much profit will it make?

The college believes it canincrease tuition to $25,000, but doing so would reduceenro
llment to

50. Should the collegeconsider

doing this? Chapter 11
7.
The following probabilities for grades in management science have been determi
ned based on pastrecords:
Grade

Probability

0.1

0.2

0.4

0.2

0.10
1.00

The grades are assigned on a 4.0 scale, where anA is a 4.0, a B

a 3.0, andso on. Determine the expectedgrade andvariance for thecourse.

8.
An investment firm is considering two alternative investments, A and B, under t
wo possiblefuturesets of economic conditions good and poor. There is a .60 probability o
f good economicconditions occurringand a .40 probability of poor economicconditions
occurring. The expected gains and lossesunder eacheconomic typeof conditionsareshow
n in the following table:

EconomicConditions
Investment
Good
A

$380,000

$130,000

Poor
-$100,000

Using the expected valueofeach investment alternative, determine which shouldbe select
ed.

9.
The weight of the bags of fertilizer is normallydistributed, with a mean of 4
5 pounds and astandarddeviation of 5 pounds.What is the probability that a bag of ferti
lizer will weigh between 38 and 50pounds?

10.
The polo Development Firm is buildinga shopping center. It has informedrenters that th
eir rentalspaces will be ready for occupancyin 18 months. If the expected time until the shoppi
ngcenter is completedis estimatedto be 15 months,with a standarddeviation of 5 months,
what is the probability that therenterswill not be able tooccupy in 18 months?
11.
The manager of the local National Video Store sells videocassette recorders at d
iscount prices. Ifthe store does not have a video recorderin stock when a customer wants
to buy one, it will lose the salebecausethe customer will purchase a recorderfrom one o
f the many local competitors. The problem is thatthe cost of rentingwarehouse space to
keep enough recorders in inventory to meet all demand is excessivelyhigh. The manage
rhas determined that if 85% of customerdemand for recorders can be met, then thecom
bined cost of lost sales and inventorywill be minimized. The manager has estimatedtha
t monthlydemand for recordersis normally distributed, with a mean of 175 recordersan
d a standarddeviation of 55.Determinethe number of recordersthe manager should ord
er each month to meet 85%of customer demand.

$85,000

MAT540 Week 2 Discussion

In your own words, explain how to obtain the expected value of perfect information for any
payoff table, which has probabilities associated with each state of nature. Then, provide an
example, drawing from any of the payoff tables in Problems 1-17 in the back of Chapter 12. If no
probabilities are given for the states of nature, then assume equal likelihood.

MAT540 Week 2 Homework

Chapter 12

1.
A local real estate investor in Orlando is considering threealternative investments;
a motel, arestaurant, or a theater. Profits from the motel or restaurant will be affectedby the a
vailability of gasolineandthe number of tourists;profits from the theater will be relatively sta
ble under any conditions. The followingpayoff table shows the profit or loss that could result f
rom each investment:

Weather Conditions
Investment

Motel

Shortage

Stable Supply

Surplus

$-7,500

$12,000

$23,000

Restaurant

3000

7,000

6,500

Theater

5000

6,000

4,000

Determine the best investment, using the following decisioncriteria.

a.

Maximax

b.

Maximin

c.

Minimax regret

d.

Hurwicz ( = 0.4)

e.

Equal likelihood

2.
A concessions manager at the Tech versus A&M football game must decide w
hether to have thevendors sell sun visorsor umbrellas. There is
a 35%chance of rain, a 25% chanceof overcast skies, and a40% chance of sunshine,acc
ording to the weatherforecast in collegejunction, where the game is to be held.The ma
nager estimates that the following profits will result from each decision,given each set of
weather conditions

Decision

Rain 0.35

Weather Conditions
Overcast 0.25

Sunshine 0.40

Sun visors
200
Umbrellas
0

a.

$-400
$1,500

$2,100

-800

Compute the expected valuefor eachdecision and select thebest one.

b.

Develop the opportunity loss table and compute the expected opportunity lo
ss for each decision.
3.
Place-Plus, a real estate development firm, is considering several alternative
development projects.These include building and leasingan office park, purchasing a
parcel of land and building an officebuildingto rent, buying and leasing a warehouse
, building a strip mall, and sellingcondominiums. Thefinancialsuccess of these project
s depends on interestrate movement in the next 5 years. The variousdevelopment proj
ects and their 5- year financialreturn (in $1,000,000s) given that interestrates will dec
line,remain stable, or increase, are in the followingpayoff table. Place-Plus real estate
development firm hashired an economistto assign a probability to each direction int
erest rates may take over the next 5 years.The economisthas determined that there is a
0.45 probability that interest rates will decline,a 0.35 probability that rates will remain stable,and
a
1.2 probability that rates will increase.
a.

Using expected value, determinethe best project.

b.

Determine the expectedvalue of perfect information.

Interest Rate
Project
Decline

Stable

Increase

Office park

$0.4

$1.55

$3.5

Office building

2.5

1.8

2.75

Warehouse

1.7

1.45

1.5

Mall

0.8

2.3

3.5

Condominiums

3.2

1.5

0.5

4.
The director of career advising at OrangeCommunity College wants to use decision
analysis toprovide information to help studentsdecide which 2-year degree program they
should pursue. The directorhas set up the followingpayoff table for six of the most popular
and successful degree programsat OCCthat shows the estimated 5-Year gross income ($)
from each degree for four future economic conditions:

Economic Conditions
Degree Program
Recession

Average

Good

Robust

Graphic design

150,000

175,000

220,000

200,000

Nursing

160,000

180,000

205,000

215,000

Real estate

125,000

165,000

220,000

210,000

Medical technology

135,000

180,000

210,000

270,000

Culinary technology

110,000

145,000

235,000

205,000

Computer information

130,000

150,000

190,000

245,000

technology

Determine the best degree programin terms of projectedincome, using the followingdecision crit
eria:

5.

a.

Maximax

b.

Maximin

c.

Equal likelihood

d.

Hurwicz (=0.4)

Construct a decisiontree for the following decisionsituation and indicate the best decision.

Fenton and Farrah Friendly, husband-and-wifecar dealers,aresoon going to opena

new dealership. They havethree offers:from a foreigncompact car company, from a U
.S. producerof full-sized cars, and from a truckcompany.The success of each type of
dealership will depend on how much gasolineis going to be availableduring the next fe
w years.The profit from each type of dealership, giventhe availability of gas,is shown i
n thefollowingpayoff table:

Gasoline Availability

Dealership

Shortage 0.7

Surplus 0.3

Compact cars
$150,000
Full-sized cars
Trucks

$25,000
-90,000
125,000

650,000
170,000

MAT540 Week 3 Discussion

Discuss Simulation

Select one (1) of the following topics for your primary discussion posting:
Identify the part of setting up a simulation in Excel that you find to be the most challenging, and
explain why. Identify resources that can help you with that.
Explain how simulation is used in the real world. Provide a specific example from your own line
of work, or a line of work that you find particularly interesting.

MAT540 Week 3 Homework

Chapter 14

1.
The Hoylake Rescue Squad receives an emergencycall every 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 hours, a
ccordingtothe following probability distribution. The squad
is on duty 24 hours perday, 7 days per week:

Time Between Emergency Calls (hr.)

Probability

0.15

0.10

0.20

0.25

0.20

0.10

1.
0
0

a.

Simulate the emergency calls for 3 days (note that this will requirea running , or c
umulative, hourlyclock),using the randomnumber table.
b. Compute the average time between calls and comparethis value with the expectedva
lue of the timebetweencalls from the probability distribution. Why are theresult differ
ent?

2.
The time between arrivals of cars at the Petroco Services Station is defined
by the followingprobability distribution:

Time Between Emergency Calls (hr.)

Probability

0.35

0.25

0.20

0.20

1.
0
0

Simulate the arrival of cars at the service station for 20 arrivalsand compute the average timeb
etweenarrivals.
a.

Simulate the arrival of cars at the service station for 1 hour, using a differentstream
of randomnumbersfrom those used in (a) and computethe average time betweenarriva
ls.
b. Compare the results obtainedin (a)and (b).
3.

The Dynaco Manufacturing Company produces a product in a processconsisting of op

erations of fivemachines. The probability distribution of the number of machines that
will break down in a week follows:

Machine Breakdowns Per Week

Probability

0.10

0.20

0.15

0.30

0.15

0.10

1.
0
0

4.

a.

Simulate the machine breakdownsper week for 20 weeks.

b.

Compute the average number of machines that will break downper week.

Simulate the following decisionsituation for 20 weeks,and recommendthe best decision.

A concessions manager at the Tech versus A&M football game must decide whether t
o have the vendorssell sun visorsor umbrellas. There is
a 30%chance of rain, a
15% chanceof overcast skies, and a 55%chance of sunshine,according to the weatherfo
recast in collegejunction, where the game is to be held. Themanager estimates that the f
ollowing profits will result from each decision,given each set of weather conditions:

Decision

Weather Conditions

Rain

Overcast

Sunshine

0.35

0.25

0.40

Sun visors

$-400

$-200

$1,500

Umbrellas

2,100

-800

5.
Every time a machinebreaks down at
the Dynaco Manufacturing Company (Problem3), either 1, 2, or
3hours are requiredto fix it, according to thefollowing probability distribution:

Repair Time (hr.)

Probability
1

0.20

0.50

0.30
1.00

Simulate the repair timefor 20 weeks and then computethe averageweekly repair time.
MAT 540 Week 4 Discussion
Discuss Forecasting Methods
Select one (1) of the following topics for your primary discussion posting:

Identify any challenges you have in setting up a time-series analysis in Excel. Explain what
they are and why they are challenging. Identify resources that can help you with that.
Explain how forecasting is used in the real world. Provide a specific example from your own
line of work, or a line of work that you find particularly interesting.

MAT 540 Week 4 Homework

MAT540 Homework Week 4 Page 1 of 5 MAT540 Week 4 Homework Chapter 15
1. The manager of the Carpet City outlet needs to make an accurate forecast of the demand for
Soft Shag carpet (its biggest seller). If the manager does not order enough carpet from the carpet
mill, customer will buy their carpet from one of Carpet Citys many competitors. The manager
has collected the following demand data for the past 8 months: Month Demand for Soft Shag
Carpet (1,000 yd.) 1 10 2 9 3 8 4 9 5 10 6 12 7 14 8 11 a. Compute a 3-month moving average
forecast for months 4 through 9. b. Compute a weighted 3-month moving average forecast for
months 4 through 9. Assign weights of 0.55, 0.35, and 0.10 to the months in sequence, starting
with the most recent month. c. Compare the two forecasts by using MAD. Which forecast
appears to be more accurate?
2. The manager of the Petroco Service Station wants to forecast the demand for unleaded
gasoline next month so that the proper number of gallons can be ordered from the distributor.
The owner has accumulated the following data on demand for unleaded gasoline from sales
during the past 10 months: MAT540 Homework Week 4 Page 2 of 5 Month Gasoline Demanded
(gal.) October 775 November 835 December 605 January 450 February 600 March 700 April
820 May 925 June July 1500 1200 a. Compute an exponential smoothed forecast, using an
value of 0.4 b. Compute the MAD.
3. Emily Andrews has invested in a science and technology mutual fund. Now she is considering
liquidating and investing in another fund. She would like to forecast the price of the science and
technology fund for the next month before making a decision. She has collected the following
data on the average price of the fund during the past 20 months: Month Fund Price 1 $55 2 54
3 55 1/8 4 58 1/8 5 53 3/8 6 51 1/8 7 56 8 59 5/8 9 62 10 59 11 62 3/8 12 57 1/1
MAT540 Homework Week 4 Page 3 of 5 13 58 1/8 14 62 15 64 16 66 1/8 17 68 18 60.5
19 65.875 20 72.25 a. Using a 3-month average, forecast the fund price for month 21. b. Using a
3-month weighted average with the most recent month weighted 0.5, the next most recent month
weighted 0.30, and the third month weighted 0.20, forecast the fund price for month 21. c.
Compute an exponentially smoothed forecast, using =0.3, and forecast the fund price for month
21. d. Compare the forecasts in (a), (b), and (c), using MAD, and indicate the most accurate.
4. Carpet City wants to develop a means to forecast its carpet sales. The store manager believes
that the stores sales are directly related to the number of new housing starts in town. The
manager has gathered data from county records on monthly house construction permits and from
store records on monthly sales. These data are as follows: Monthly Carpet Sales (1,000 yd.)
Monthly Construction Permits 9 17 14 25 10 8 12 7 15 14 9 7 24 45 21 19 20 28 MAT540
Homework Week 4 Page 4 of 5 29 28 a. Develop a linear regression model for these data and
forecast carpet sales if 30 construction permits for new homes are filed. b. Determine the
strength of the causal relationship between monthly sales and new home construction by using
correlation.
5. The manager of Gilleys Ice Cream Parlor needs an accurate forecast of the demand for ice
cream. The store orders ice cream from a distributor a week ahead; if the store orders too little, it
loses business, and if it orders too much, the extra must be thrown away. The manager belives

that a major determinant of ice cream sales is temperature (i.e.,the hotter the weather, the more
ice cream people buy). Using an almanac, the manager has determined the average day time
temperature for 14 weeks, selected at random, and from store records he has determined the ice
cream consumption for the same 14 weeks. These data are summarized as follows: Week
Average Temperature (Degrees) Ice Cream Sold (gal.) 1 68 80 2 70 115 3 73 91 4 79 87 5 77 110
6 82 128 7 85 164 8 90 178 9 85 144 10 92 179 11 90 144 12 95 197 13 80 144 14 75 123
MAT540 Homework Week 4 Page 5 of 5 a. Develop a linear regression model for these data and
forecast the ice cream consumption if the average weekly daytime temperature is expected to be
85 degrees. b. Determine the strength of the linear relationship between temperature and ice
cream consumption by using correlation. c. What is the coefficient of determination? Explain its
meaning.
MAT 540 Week 5 Discussion
"Reflection to date" Please respond to the following:

In a paragraph, reflect on what you've learned so far in this course. Identify the most
interesting, unexpected, or useful thing you've learned and explain why
MAT 540 Week 6 Discussion
Discuss LP Models
Select one (1) of the following topics for your primary discussion posting:

The objective function always includes all of the decision variables, but that is not necessarily
true of the constraints. Explain the difference between the objective function and the constraints.
Then, explain why a constraint need not refer to all the variables.
Pick any constraint from any problem in the text, and explain how to plot the line that
corresponds to that constraint.
MAT 540 Week 6 Homework
MAT540 Homework Week 6 Page 1 of 2 MAT540 Week 6 Homework Chapter 2
1. A Cereal Company makes a cereal from several ingredients. Two of the ingredients, oats and
rice, provide vitamins A and B. The company wants to know how many ounces of oats and rice it
should include in each box of cereal to meet the minimum requirements of 45 milligrams of
vitamin A and 13 milligrams of vitamin B while minimizing cost. An ounce of oats contributes
10 milligrams of vitamin A and 2 milligram of vitamin B, whereas an ounce of rice contributes 6
milligrams of A and 3 milligrams of B. An ounce of oats costs $0.06, and an ounce of rice costs
$0.03. a. Formulate a linear programming model for this problem. b. Solve the model by using
graphical analysis.
2. A Furniture Company produces chairs and tables from two resources- labor and wood. The
company has 125 hours of labor and 45 board-ft. of wood available each day. Demand for chairs
is limited to 5 per day. Each chair requires 7 hours of labor and 3.5 board-ft. of wood, whereas a
table requires 14 hours of labor and 7 board-ft. of wood. The profit derived from each chair is
$325 and from each table, $120. The company wants to determine the number of chairs and

tables to produce each day in order to maximize profit. Formulate a linear programming model
for this problem. a. Formulate a linear programming model for this problem. b. Solve the model
by using graphical analysis. (Do not round the answers) c. How much labor and wood will be
unused if the optimal numbers of chairs and tables are produced?
3. Kroeger supermarket sells its own brand of canned peas as well as several national brands.
The store makes a profit of $0.28 per can for its own peas and a profit of $0.19 for any of the
national brands. The store has 6 square feet of shelf space available for canned peas, and each
can of peas takes up 9 square inches of that space. Point-of-sale records show that each week the
store never sales more than half as many cans of its own brand as it does of the national brands.
The store wants to know how many cans of its own brand of peas of peas and how many cans of
the national brands to stock each week on the allocated shelf space in order to maximize profit. a.
Formulate a linear programming model for this problem. b. Solve the model by using graphical
analysis. MAT540 Homework Week 6 Page 2 of 2 4. Solve the following linear programming
model graphically: Minimize Z=8X1 + 6X2 Subject to 4X1 + 2X2 20 -6X1 + 4X2 X1 + X2 X1 ,
X2

MAT540 Week 7 Homework

Chapter 3

1.

Southern Sporting Good Company makes basketballs and footballs. Each product is
produced from two resources rubber and leather. Each basketball produced results in a
profit of $11 and each football earns $15 in profit. The resource requirements for each
product and the total resources available are as follows:

Resource Requirements per Unit

Product
Rubber (lb.)

Leather (ft2)

Basketball

2.8

3.7

Football

1.5

5.2

Total resources available

a.

2.

600

900

Find the optimal solution.

b.

What would be the effect on the optimal solution if the profit for the basketball
changed from $11 to $12?

c.

What would be the effect on optimal solution if 400 additional pounds of rubber
could be obtained? What would be the effect if 600 additional square feet of leather
could be obtained?

A company produces two products, A and B, which have profits of $9 and $7,
respectively. Each unit of product must be processed on two assembly lines, where the required
production times are as follows:

Resource Requirements per Unit

Product

a.

Line 1

Line 2

11

Total Hours

65

40

Formulate a linear programming model to determine the optimal product mix that
will maximize profit.

b.
c.

What are the sensitivity ranges for the objective function coefficients?

3.

Determine the shadow prices for additional hours of production time on line 1 and line 2
and indicate whether the company would prefer additional line 1 or line 2 hours.
Formulate and solve the model for the following problem:
Irwin Textile Mills produces two types of cotton cloth denim and corduroy. Corduroy is a
heavier grade of cotton cloth and, as such, requires 8 pounds of raw cotton per yard, whereas
denim requires 6 pounds of raw cotton per yard. A yard of corduroy requires 4 hours of
processing time; a yard od denim requires 3.0 hours. Although the demand for denim is
practically unlimited, the maximum demand for corduroy is 510 yards per month. The
manufacturer has 6,500 pounds of cotton and 3,000 hours of processing time available each
month. The manufacturer makes a profit of $2.5 per yards of denim and $3.25 per yard of
corduroy. The manufacturer wants to know how many yards of each type of cloth to produce
to maximize profit. Formulate the model and put it into standard form. Solve it

a.

How much extra cotton and processing time are left over at the optimal solution? Is the
demand for corduroy met?

b.

If Irwin Mills can obtain additional cotton or processing time, but not both, which should
it select? How much? Explain your answer.

4.

The Bradley family owns 410 acres of farmland in North Carolina on which they grow corn
and tobacco. Each acre of corn costs $105 to plant, cultivate, and harvest; each acre of
tobacco costs $210. The Bradleys have a budget of $52,500 for next year. The government
limits the number of acres of tobacco that can be planted to 100. The profit from each acre of
corn is $300; the profit from each acre of tobacco is $520. The Bradleys want to know how
many acres of each crop to plant in order to maximize their profit.
a.

Formulate the linear programming model for the problem and solve.

b.

How many acres of farmland will not be cultivated at the optimal solution? Do the
Bradleys use the entire 100-acre tobacco allotment?

c.

The Bradleys have an opportunity to lease some extra land from a neighbor. The neighbor
is offering the land to them for $110 per acre. Should the Bradleys lease the land at that
price? What is the maximum price the Bradleys should pay their neighbor for the land, and
how much land should they lease at that price?

d.

The Bradleys are considering taking out a loan to increase their budget. For each dollar
they borrow, how much additional profit would they make? If they borrowed an additional
$1,000, would the number of acres of corn and tobacco they plant change?

MAT540 Week 8Homework

Chapter 4

1.

Betty Malloy, owner of the Eagle Tavern in Pittsburgh, is preparing for Super Bowl S
unday, and
shemust determine how much beer to stock. Betty
stocks three brands of beer- Yodel, Shotz, and Rainwater.The
cost per gallon (to the tavern owner) of eachbrand is as follows:
Brand

Cost/Gallon

Yodel

$1.50

Shotz

0.90

Rainwater

0.50

The tavern has a budget of $2,000 for beer for Super Bowl Sunday. Betty sells Yodel a
t a rate of
$3.00 per gallon, Shotz at $2.50 per gallon, and Rainwater at $1.75 per gallon. Base
d on past footballgames, Betty has determined the maximum customer demand to be 4
00 gallons of Yodel,

500 gallons of shotz, and

300 gallons of Rainwater. The tavern has the capacitytostock 1,000 gallons of beer;Betty
wantsto stock up
completely.Betty wants todetermine the number of gallons
of eachbrandofbeer to orderso as to maximize profit.
a. Formulate a linear programming model for this p
roblem. b. Solvethemodel by using the computer.
2. As result of a recently passed bill, a congressmans district has been allocated $3 milli
on for
programs andprojects. It is up to the congressman to decide
howto
distribute the money. The congressman has decide toallocatethemoney to four ongoing
programs because of their importance to his district- a job trainingprogram, a parks
project, a sanitation project, and a mobile library. However, the congressman wants t
o
distribute the moneyin a manner that will
please the most voters, or, in other words, gain himthemost votes inthe upcoming electi
on. His staffs estimates of the number of votes gained per dollar spent for the various
programs are asfollows.

Program

Votes/Dollar

Job training

0.03

Parks

0.08

Sanitation

0.05

Mobile library

0.03

In order also to
satisfy several local influential citizens who financed his election,
he is obligated to observe thefollowing guidelines:

None of theprograms canreceive more than 30% of thetotal allocation

The amount allocated to parks cannot exceed the total allocated to both the sani
tation project andthemobile library.
The amount allocated to job training must at least equal the amount spent on the san
itation project.

Any money
not spent in the district will be returned to the government; therefore, the congressmanwants
tospend it all. Thee congressman wants to know the amount to allocate to each programto m
aximize his votes.
a. Formulate a linear programmingmodel for this probl
em. b. Solvethemodel by using the computer.
3. Anna Broderick isthe
dieticianfor the
State Universityfootball team, and sheis attempting to
determine anutritious lunch menu for the team. She has set the following nutritional guid
elinesforeach lunchserving:
Between 1,300 and 2,100calories

At least 4 mg of iron

At least 15 butno more than 55g of fat

At least 30g of protein

At least 60g of carbohydrates

Nomorethan 35 mg of cholesterol

She selects the menu from seven basic food items, as follows, with the nutritional contri
butions per pound and the costas given:

Calories

Iron

Protein

Carbo-

Fat

Cholesterol

Cost

(per lb.)

(mg/lb.)

(g/lb.)

hydrates

(g/lb.)

(mg/lb)

($/lb.)

(g/lb.)
Chicken

500

4.2

17

30

180

0.85

Fish

480

3.1

85

90

3.35

Ground beef

840

0.25

82

75

350

2.45

Dried beans

590

3.2

10

30

0.85

Lettuce

40

0.4

0.70

Potatoes

450

2.25

10

70

0.45

Milk (2%)

220

0.2

16

22

10

20

0.82

The dietician wants to select a menu to meet the nutritional guidelines while minimizing t
he total costperserving.
a. Formulate alinear programming model for this problem and solve.

b. If a serving of each of the food items (other than milk) was limited to no more than
a half pound, whateffect would this have on the solution?
4. Dr. Maureen Becker, the
head administrator at Jefferson County Regional Hospital, must
determine aschedule for nurses to make sure there are enough of them on duty througho
ut the
day.During the day, thedemand for nurses varies.
Maureen has broken the day in to twelve 2hour periods. The slowest time of theday
encompasses the three periodsfrom12:00 A.M. to 6:00
A.M., which beginning at midnight; require a minimum of 30, 20, and 40 nurses, respec
tively. The demandfor nurses steadily increases during the next four daytime periods. Be
ginning withthe6:00 A.M.- 8:00 A.M.
period, a minimum of 50, 60, 80, and 80 nurses are required for these four periods, respect
ively. After 2:00P.M. the demand for nurses decreases during the afternoon
and evening hours. For the five 2-hour periodsbeginning at 2:00 P.M. and ending
midnight, 70,

70, 60, 50, and 50 nurses are required, respectively. A nurse reports for duty
at the beginningof
one of the 2-hour periods
and works 8
consecutive
hours(whichisrequired in the nurses contract). Dr. Becker wants to determine a nursing
schedule that will meet the hospitalsminimum requirement throughout the daywhile
using theminimum number of nurses.
a. Formulate alinear programming model for this problem.

b. Solve themodel by using the computer.

5. The production manager of Videotechnics Company is attempting todetermine the
upcoming 5-month production schedule for video recorders. Past production records
indicate that 2,000 recorderscan be produced per month. An additional 600 recorders can
be produced monthly on an overtime basis. Unit cost is $10 forrecorders produced
during regular working hours and $15 for those produced on an overtime basis.
Contracted sales per month are as follows:

Month

Contracted Sales (units)

1200

2100

2400

3000

4000

Inventory carrying costs are $2 per recorder per month. The manager doesnot want any
inventory carried over past the fifth month. The manager wantsto know the monthly
production that will minimize total production and inventory costs.

a. Formulate a linear programming modelforthis problem.

b. Solve the model by using thecomputer.

MAT 540 Week 8 Homework

MAT540 Homework Week 8 Page 1 of 4 MAT540 Week 8 Homework Chapter 4 1. Betty
Malloy, owner of the Eagle Tavern in Pittsburgh, is preparing for Super Bowl Sunday, and she
must determine how much beer to stock. Betty stocks three brands of beer- Yodel, Shotz, and
Rainwater. The cost per gallon (to the tavern owner) of each brand is as follows: Brand
Cost/Gallon Yodel $1.50 Shotz 0.90 Rainwater 0.50 The tavern has a budget of $2,000 for beer
for Super Bowl Sunday. Betty sells Yodel at a rate of $3.00 per gallon, Shotz at $2.50 per gallon,
and Rainwater at $1.75 per gallon. Based on past football games, Betty has determined the
maximum customer demand to be 400 gallons of Yodel, 500 gallons of shotz, and 300 gallons of
Rainwater. The tavern has the capacity to stock 1,000 gallons of beer; Betty wants to stock up
completely. Betty wants to determine the number of gallons of each brand of beer to order so as
to maximize profit. a. Formulate a linear programming model for this problem. b. Solve the
model by using the computer. 2. As result of a recently passed bill, a congressmans district has
been allocated $3 million for programs and projects. It is up to the congressman to decide how to
distribute the money. The congressman has decide to allocate the money to four ongoing
programs because of their importance to his district- a job training program, a parks project, a
sanitation project, and a mobile library. However, the congressman wants to distribute the money
in a manner that will please the most voters, or, in other words, gain him the most votes in the
upcoming election. His staffs estimates of the number of votes gained per dollar spent for the
various programs are as follows. MAT540 Homework Week 8 Page 2 of 4 Program Votes/Dollar
Job training 0.03 Parks 0.08 Sanitation 0.05 Mobile library 0.03 In order also to satisfy several
local influential citizens who financed his election, he is obligated to observe the following
guidelines: None of the programs can receive more than 30% of the total allocation The amount
allocated to parks cannot exceed the total allocated to both the sanitation project and the mobile
library. The amount allocated to job training must at least equal the amount spent on the
sanitation project. Any money not spent in the district will be returned to the government;
therefore, the congressman wants to spend it all. Thee congressman wants to know the amount to
allocate to each program to maximize his votes. a. Formulate a linear programming model for
this problem. b. Solve the model by using the computer. 3. Anna Broderick is the dietician for the
State University football team, and she is attempting to determine a nutritious lunch menu for the
team. She has set the following nutritional guidelines for each lunch serving: Between 1,300 and
2,100 calories At least 4 mg of iron At least 15 but no more than 55g of fat At least 30g of
protein At least 60g of carbohydrates No more than 35 mg of cholesterol She selects the menu
from seven basic food items, as follows, with the nutritional contributions per pound and the cost
as given: MAT540 Homework Week 8 Page 3 of 4 Calories (per lb.) Iron (mg/lb.) Protein (g/lb.)
Carbohydrates (g/lb.) Fat (g/lb.) Cholesterol (mg/lb) Cost ($/lb.) Chicken 500 4.2 17 0 30 180
0.85 Fish 480 3.1 85 0 5 90 3.35 Ground beef 840 0.25 82 0 75 350 2.45 Dried beans 590 3.2 10
30 3 0 0.85 Lettuce 40 0.4 6 0 0 0 0.70 Potatoes 450 2.25 10 70 0 0 0.45 Milk (2%) 220 0.2 16

22 10 20 0.82 The dietician wants to select a menu to meet the nutritional guidelines while
minimizing the total cost per serving. a. Formulate a linear programming model for this problem
and solve. b. If a serving of each of the food items (other than milk) was limited to no more than
a half pound, what effect would this have on the solution? 4. Dr. Maureen Becker, the head
administrator at Jefferson County Regional Hospital, must determine a schedule for nurses to
make sure there are enough of them on duty throughout the day. During the day, the demand for
nurses varies. Maureen has broken the day in to twelve 2- hour periods. The slowest time of the
day encompasses the three periods from 12:00 A.M. to 6:00 A.M., which beginning at midnight;
require a minimum of 30, 20, and 40 nurses, respectively. The demand for nurses steadily
increases during the next four daytime periods. Beginning with the 6:00 A.M.- 8:00 A.M. period,
a minimum of 50, 60, 80, and 80 nurses are required for these four periods, respectively. After
2:00 P.M. the demand for nurses decreases during the afternoon and evening hours. For the five
2-hour periods beginning at 2:00 P.M. and ending midnight, 70, 70, 60, 50, and 50 nurses are
required, respectively. A nurse reports for duty at the beginning of one of the 2-hour periods and
works 8 consecutive hours (which is required in the nurses contract). Dr. Becker wants to
determine a nursing schedule that will meet the hospitals minimum requirement throughout the
day while using the minimum number of nurses. a. Formulate a linear programming model for
this problem. MAT540 Homework Week 8 Page 4 of 4 b. Solve the model by using the
computer. 5. The production manager of Videotechnics Company is attempting to determine the
upcoming 5-month production schedule for video recorders. Past production records indicate that
2,000 recorders can be produced per month. An additional 600 recorders can be produced
monthly on an overtime basis. Unit cost is $10 for recorders produced during regular working
hours and $15 for those produced on an overtime basis. Contracted sales per month are as
follows: Month Contracted Sales (units) 1 1200 2 2100 3 4 5 2400 3000 4000 Inventory carrying
costs are $2 per recorder per month. The manager does not want any inventory carried over past
the fifth month. The manager wants to know the monthly production that will minimize total
production and inventory costs. a. Formulate a linear programming model for this problem. b.
Solve the model by using the computer.

MAT 540 Week 9 Homework

MAT540 Homework Week 9 Page 1 of 3 MAT540 Week 9 Homework Chapter 5 1. Rowntown
Cab Company has 70 drivers that it must schedule in three 8-hour shifts. However, the demand
for cabs in the metropolitan area varies dramatically according to time of the day. The slowest
period is between midnight and 4:00 A.M. the dispatcher receives few calls, and the calls that are
received have the smallest fares of the day. Very few people are going to the airport at that time
of the night or taking other long distance trips. It is estimated that a driver will average $80 in
fares during that period. The largest fares result from the airport runs in the morning. Thus, the
drivers who sart their shift during the period from 4:00 A.M. to 8:00 A.M. average $500 in total
fares, and drivers who start at 8:00 A.M. average $420. Drivers who start at noon average $300,
and drivers who start at 4:00 P.M. average $270. Drivers who start at the beginning of the 8:00
P.M. to midnight period earn an average of $210 in fares during their 8-hour shift. To retain
customers and acquire new ones, Rowntown must maintain a high customer service level. To do

so, it has determined the minimum number of drivers it needs working during every 4-hour time
segment- 10 from midnight to 4:00 A.M. 12 from 4:00 to 8:00 A.M. 20 from 8:00 A.M. to noon,
25 from noon to 4:00 P.M., 32 from 4:00 to 8:00 P.M., and 18 from 8:00 P.M. to midnight. a.
Formulate and solve an integer programming model to help Rowntown Cab schedule its drivers.
b. If Rowntown has a maximum of only 15 drivers who will work the late shift from midnight to
8:00 A.M., reformulate the model to reflect this complication and solve it c. All the drivers like
to work the day shift from 8:00 A.M. to 4:00 P.M., so the company has decided to limit the
number of drivers who work this 8-hour shift to 20. Reformulate the model in (b) to reflect this
restriction and solve it. 2. Juan Hernandez, a Cuban athlete who visits the United States and
Europe frequently, is allowed to return with a limited number of consumer items not generally
available in Cuba. The items, which are carried in a duffel bag, cannot exceed a weight of 5
pounds. Once Juan is in Cuba, he sells the items at highly inflated prices. The weight and profit
(in U.S. dollars) of each item are as follows: MAT540 Homework Week 9 Page 2 of 3 Item
Weight (lb.) Profit Denim jeans 2 $90 CD players 3 150 Compact discs 1 30 Juan wants to
determine the combination of items he should pack in his duffel bag to maximize his profit. This
problem is an example of a type of integer programming problem known as a knapsack
problem. Formulate and solve the problem. 3. The Texas Consolidated Electronics Company is
contemplating a research and development program encompassing eight research projects. The
company is constrained from embarking on all projects by the number of available management
scientists (40) and the budget available for R&D projects ($300,000). Further, if project 2 is
selected, project 5 must also be selected (but not vice versa). Following are the resources
requirement and the estimated profit for each project. Project Expense ($1,000s) Management
Scientists required Estimated Profit (1,000,000s) 1 50 6 0.30 2 105 8 0.85 3 56 9 0.20 4 45 3 0.15
5 90 7 0.50 6 80 5 0.45 7 78 8 0.55 8 60 5 0.40 Formulate the integer programming model for
this problem and solve it using the computer. 4. Corsouth Mortgage Associates is a large home
mortgage firm in the southeast. It has a poll of permanent and temporary computer operators who
process mortgage accounts, including posting payments and updating escrow accounts for
insurance and taxes. A permanent operator can process 220 accounts per day, and a temporary
operator can process 140 accounts per day. On average, the firm must process and update at least
6,300 accounts daily. The company has 32 computer MAT540 Homework Week 9 Page 3 of 3
workstations available. Permanent and temporary operators work 8 hours per day. A permanent
operator averages about 0.4 error per day, whereas a temporary operator averages 0.9 error per
day. The company wants to limit errors to 15 per day. A permanent operator is paid $120 per day
wheras a temporary operator is paid $75 per day. Corsouth wants to determine the number of
permanent and temporary operators it needs to minimize cost. Formulate, and solve an integer
programming model for this problem and compare this solution to the non-integer solution. 5.
Globex Investment Capital Corporation owns six companies that have the following estimated
returns (in millions of dollars) if sold in one of the next 3 years: Company Year Sold (estimated
returns, $1,000,000s) 1 2 3 1 $14 $18 $23 2 9 11 15 3 18 23 27 4 16 21 25 5 12 16 22 6 21 23 28
To generate operating funds, the company must sell at least $20 million worth of assets in year 1,
$25 million in year 2, and $35 million in year 3. Globex wants to develop a plan for selling these
companies during the next 3 years to maximize return. Formulate an integer programming model
for this problem and solve it by using the computer.

MAT 540 Week 10 Homework

MAT540 Homework Week 10 Page 1 of 2 MAT540 Week 10 Homework Chapter 6 1. Consider

the following transportation problem: From To (Cost) Supply 1 2 3 A 6 5 5 150 B 11 8 9 85 C 4
10 7 125 Demand 70 100 80 Formulate this problem as a linear programming model and solve it
by the using the computer. 2. Consider the following transportation problem: From To (Cost)
Supply 1 2 3 A 8 14 8 120 B 6 17 7 80 C 9 24 10 150 Demand 110 140 100 Solve it by using the
computer. 3. World foods, Inc. imports food products such as meats, cheeses, and pastries to the
United States from warehouses at ports in Hamburg, Marseilles and Liverpool. Ships from these
ports deliver the products to Norfolk, New York and Savannah, where they are stored in
company warehouses before being shipped to distribution centers in Dallas, St. Louis and
Chicago. The products are then distributed to specialty foods stores and sold through catalogs.
The shipping costs ($/1,000 lb.) from the European ports to the U.S. cities and the available
supplies (1000 lb.) at the European ports are provided in the following table: MAT540
Homework Week 10 Page 2 of 2 From To (Cost) Supply 4. Norfolk 5. New York 6. Savannah 1.
Hamburg 320 280 555 75 2. Marseilles 410 470 365 85 3. Liverpool 550 355 525 40 The
transportation costs ($/1000 lb.) from each U.S. city of the three distribution centers and the
demands (1000 lb.) at the distribution centers are as follows: Warehouse Distribution Center 7.
Dallas 8. St. Louis 9. Chicago 4. Norfolk 80 78 85 5. New York 100 120 95 6. Savannah 65 75
90 Demand 85 70 65 Determine the optimal shipments between the European ports and the
warehouses and the distribution centers to minimize total transportation costs. 4. The Omega
Pharmaceutical firm has five salespersons, whom the firm wants to assign to five sales regions.
Given their various previous contacts, the sales persons are able to cover the regions in different
amounts of time. The amount of time (days) required by each salesperson to cover each city is
shown in the following table: Salesperson Region (days) A B C D E 1 20 10 12 10 22 2 14 10 18
11 15 3 12 13 19 11 14 4 16 12 14 22 16 5 12 15 19 26 23 Which salesperson should be assigned
to each region to minimize total time? Identify the optimal assignments and compute total
minimum time.

MAT540 Complete Course Week 1 to week 11

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