The wire is then send to the bath of sulphuric acid to remove any rust particle. It is rinse with water then coated with a phosphate chemical compound. This prevent rusting before the bolt forming begins. The steel rod is shaped by forcing them into the various die at room temperature by high pressure. The forming machine first straightened the wire rod. Then cut it into pieces slightly longer than the bolt length. Each piece goes into the die which make it perfectly round then goes into a die which abrasively shape the head of the bolt of one end. The die form a small collar on the steel and the other one makes it into a round head then the last die transform that into hexagons head A tool called pointer shapes the bottom of the bar into chamfer. By cold forging method again the bolt is pressed in the thread pattern with high presure Hot forging is used to make the nuts Cut the steel bar into small parts called the slugs Heat them to 1200 degree Celsius to make them malleable.
Later, put them into machine where hydraulic hammer
punch them into hexagons while the die pierce to form a hole. Then a tool call a tapper drives into the hole to cut the threads . Lubricant oil is used to reduce wear and tear on the tapper. The nuts then goes into an oven of 870 degree Celsius for an hour and the cool it down in oil immediately to solidifies the steel internal structure. And now the steel is hard and brittle , and so it is heated for another hour. This removes the brittleness yet maintain the strength. The nut is made. Resources: http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=3kxcw08p_oY Nut 1. Cut hexagonal material to length, with allowance for facing. 2. Face the ends in the Centre Lathe to 10 mm length overall, ensure that the bar runs true. 3. Centre drill the end for the drill. 4. Drill at 10.5 diameter. 5. Counter sink each face and chamfer each at 45 degrees. 6. Use Tee tap wrench to cut internal thread. Set up in the lathe with the live centre in the end of the tap wrench. Bolt 1. Cut hexagonal material to length, with allowance for facing. 2. Face one end in the Centre Lathe to 90 mm length overall. 3. Centre Drill one end for the live centre.
4. Hold the hexagonal bar in the 3 jaw chuck by around 5-8 mm
with the other end held by the live centre. 5. Turn the 12 mm diameter for the thread x 80 mm long measure with the micrometer, size to finish at 12 mm minus 0.05 0.10. 6. Adjust the tool and clean up the corner for the head of the bolt. 7. Chamfer the 12 diameter end at 45 degrees x 2 mm. 8. Hold the 12 diameter in the chuck and chamfer the head at 45 degrees. 9. Hold by the 12 diameter and start the thread using the Stock and Die with the tailstock ensuring that the axis is square to the die - use cutting compound. 10.When sufficient has been cut to ensure the trueness of the thread, take it out of the lathe and finish the tread depth to 60 mm in the metal working vice.
JUST BOLT(OTHER METHOD)
The first labor operation in the manufacturing of any bolt is to cut the round bar to length. Through shearing process the bolt bar is cut with machine A hex head is hot-forged on one end of the steel rod. An induction heating coil heats the end of the round bar to approximately 2000 degrees Fahrenheit. A National Upsetter is used to forge the heated end of the rod into a hex shaped head.
Gripper blocks clamp the round bar securely in place
while a plunger or die compresses the heated end of the rod, reshaping it into the hex head configuration. A second position in the gripper block is used to stamp the head with the manufacturer's logo and grade symbol when required. The hex head of this anchor bolt will be embedded in the concrete and is intended to provide pull-out resistance. High speed cutting blades apply a chamfer to the ends of the bolts prior to threading. This beveled end will help facilitate easy assembly of the nut once the bolts have been threaded and galvanized. Landis threaders are used to cut 8" of thread onto the end of these anchor bolts. Rotating heads contain chasers which cut away steel from the round bar to produce the threads. A constant stream of cutting oil is applied to reduce friction and prevent overheating. Threads are gauged by the threading operators to ensure conformance to dimensional tolerances. The bolts must be pickled prior to galvanizing. This process cleans the bolts and prepares the surface of the steel to accept the zinc. Parts are first submerged in caustic soda which removes cutting oil and other organic materials that accumulate during the manufacturing process. The bolts are then rinsed and submerged in sulfuric acid, which removes any scale from the bolts and etches the surface of the steel.
The bolts are rinsed again and then submerged in flux
which is a chemical that assists in the bonding of the zinc to the steel. After pickling, bolts are placed in racks and lowered into a 12 foot long x 4 foot wide x 7 foot deep tank of 840 degree molten zinc. The bolts remain in the zinc between 2 to 4 minutes. When the bolts are removed from the zinc, they are spun in a high speed centrifuge to remove excess zinc from the threads. Finally, the bolts are cooled in quench tanks so they can be inspected and packaged as soon as they are removed from the galvanizing tank. Blue paint is applied to the threaded end of F1554 grade 36 anchor bolts to identify the grade, as is required by the ASTM specification.