Lab 1.

Single-Phase Half-wave uncontrolled Rectifier

I.

Objective

Demonstrate and understand the operation of a single-phase half rectifier with

resistive load and inductive load.
II.

Theory
An uncontrolled rectifier converts an AC voltage to a DC voltage and uses
diodes as the switching device. The output voltage of an ideal rectifier
should be pure DC and contain no harmonics or ripples. Similarly, the
input current should be pure sine wave and contain no harmonics. That is,
the total harmonics distortion (THD) of the input current and the output
voltage should be zero, and the input power factor should be unity.

III.

Materials

Simulation:

Laptop
NI Multisim

Actual:

1
2
1
4
1

AC sinusoidal source VSIN

DC Battery VDC
Resistor (1K ohms)
D1N4001 diode
Analog Ground

IV.

Procedures

Simulation:
1. Launch NI Multisim.
2. When NI Multisim Software opens, click File > New > Design.
3. Place all the required components (diodes, signal voltage source,
ground, and resistor), connect them into a circuit using wires or
buses, and label any nodes or connectors.
4. Set the properties of R1. Value= 10, Tolerance: 5%.
5. Set the properties of the agilent function generator. Amplitude: 2
Vpp, Frequency: 60 Hz.s
6. From the Simulation menu, click Analyses > Transient
Analysis. Set End Time: 0.015 and the Output: V(1), V(2). Click
Simulate.

Actual :

1. Design a single phase half-wave uncontrolled rectifier.

2. Place the components of a single phase bridge rectifier into the
breadboard.
3. Test the waveforms of the circuit using oscilloscope.
4. Save and record the measurements and its waveforms.

V.

Computation
Given:
Vm = 900 mV
VD = 0.4 V
Ro = 0.0428551
RL = 10 with 5% tolerance

Solution:

V L =V m V D
900 mV 0.4 V
500 mV

I Ldc =

VL
( Ro + R L )

I Ldc =

500 mV
( 0.0428551 +10.5 )

I Ldc =15. 096 mA

V Ldc =I Ldc R L
15.096 mA 10.5
158.508 mV

ideal
R
1+ o
RL

40.5
0.0428551
1+
10.5

40.34

Pdc =V Ldc R L
158.508 mV 10.5
1.664 W

Simulation

Vs
2 Vp-p

Vm
1V

VLdc
120mV

Pdc
1.26W

on Actual
Values on

1.78Vp-p

900mV

158.508m

1.664W

computatio
n
VI.

Pictures

Figure 1. Single-Phase Half Rectifier Circuit

Figure 2 Single-Phase Half Rectifier Simulation in Multisim

Figure 3 Transient Analysis

Figure 4 Single-Phase Half Rectifier Input Actual Simulation Measurements

Figure 5 Single-Phase Half Rectifier Output Actual Simulation Measurements

VII.

Conclusion
During the positive half-cycle of the input A.C., suppose P 1 is negative and
P2 is positive. On account of induction, S 1 become positive, S2become
negative. The p-n junction diode is forward biased. The resistance of p-n
junction diode becomes low. The forward current flows in the direction
from positive half-cycle to negative half-cycle through load resistance as
shown in figure. Thus, we get output across-load.

During the negative half cycle of the input A.C., P 1is positive and P2 is
negative. On account of mutual induction, S 1 become negative and S2 is
positive. The p-n junction diode is reverse biased. It offers high resistance and

hence there is no flow of current and thus no output across load. The process
is repeated. In the output, we have current corresponding to one half of the
wave, the other half is missing.
That Is why the process is called half wave rectification. It is not of much use.
The output signal is available in bursts and not continuously .