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Family history
After Spiegelmans release from Binghamton State Mental Hospital, his mother committed suicide.
Spiegelman graduated from the High School of Art and Design
in 1965.
He wanted to do one about racism, and at rst considered a story[21] with African-Americans as mice and cats
taking on the role of the Ku Klux Klan.[22] Instead, he
turned to the Holocaust that his parents had survived. The
strip was called Maus. The Jews were depicted as mice
persecuted by die Katzen, which were Nazis depicted as
cats. It was narrated to a mouse named "Mickey".[20] It
was with this story that Spiegelman felt he had found his
2.3
voice.[10]
4
made a research visit in 1979 to the Auschwitz concentration camp, where his parents had been imprisoned by the
Nazis.[45] The book, Maus, appeared one chapter at a time
as an insert in Raw beginning with the second issue in December 1980.[46] Spiegelmans father did not live to see
its completion; he died on 18 August 1982.[32] Spiegelman learned in 1985 that Steven Spielberg was producing an animated lm about Jewish mice who escape
persecution in Eastern Europe by eeing to the United
States. Spiegelman was sure the lm, An American Tail
(1986), was inspired by Maus and became eager to have
his unnished book come out before the movie to avoid
comparisons.[47] He struggled to nd a publisher[7] until
in 1986, after the publication in The New York Times of a
rave review of the work-in-progress, Pantheon agreed to
release a collection of the rst six chapters. The volume
was titled Maus: A Survivors Tale and subtitled My Father Bleeds History.[48] The book found a large audience,
in part because it was sold in bookstores rather than in
direct-market comic shops, which by the 1980s had become the dominant outlet for comic books.[49]
ern Art.[51]
In the wake of the success of the Cabbage Patch Kids series of dolls, Spiegelman created the card series Garbage
Pail Kids for Topps in 1985. Similar to the Wacky Packages series, the gross-out factor of the cards was controversial with parent groups, and its popularity started
a gross-out fad among children.[52] Spiegelman called
Topps his "Medici" for the autonomy and nancial freedom working for the company had given him. The relationship was nevertheless strained over issues of credit
and ownership of the original artwork. In 1989 Topps
auctioned o pieces of art Spiegelman had created rather
than returning them to him, and Spiegelman broke the
relation.[53]
In 1991, Raw Vol. 1, No.3 was published; it was to be
the last issue.[51] The closing chapter of Maus appeared
not in Raw[46] but in the second volume of the graphic
novel, which appeared later that year with the subtitle And
Here My Troubles Began.[51] Maus attracted an unprecedented amount of critical attention for a work of comics,
including an exhibition at New Yorks Museum of Modern Art[54] and a special Pulitzer Prize in 1992.[55]
2.4
2.5
Post-September 11 (2001present)
Spiegelmans inuence and connections in New York cartooning circles drew the ire of political cartoonist Ted
Rall in 1999.[63] In an article titled The King of Comix
in The Village Voice,[64] Rall accused Spiegelman of the
power to make or break a cartoonists career in New
York, while denigrating Spiegelman as a guy with one
great book in him.[63] Cartoonist Danny Hellman responded by sending a forged email under Ralls name
to thirty professionals; the prank escalated until Rall
launched a defamation suit against Hellman for $1.5 million. Hellman published a Legal Action Comics benet
book to cover his legal costs, to which Spiegelman contributed a back-cover cartoon in which he relieves himself
on a Rall-shaped urinal.[64]
In 1997, Spiegelmans had his rst childrens book published: Open Me... I'm a Dog, with a narrator who tries
to convince its readers that it is a dog via pop-ups and
an attached leash.[65] From 2000 to 2003 Spiegelman and
Mouly edited three issues of the childrens comics anthology Little Lit, with contributions from Raw alumni and
childrens book authors and illustrators.[66]
PRIVATE LIFE
The project led to a touring show in 2014 about wordless novels called Wordless! with live music by saxophonist Phillip Johnston.[82] Art Spiegelmans Co-Mix: A
Retrospective dbuted at Angoulme in 2012 and by the
end of 2014 had traveled to Paris, Cologne, Vancouver,
New York, and Toronto.[79] A book complementing the
showed titled Co-Mix: A Retrospective of Comics, Graphics, and Scraps appeared in 2013.[83]
3 Private life
To promote literacy in young children, Mouly encouraged publishers to publish comics for children.[76] Disappointed by publishers lack of response, from 2008 she
self-published a line of easy readers called Toon Books,
by artists such as Spiegelman, Rene French, and Rutu
Modan, and promotes the books to teachers and librarians for their educational value.[77] Spiegelmans Jack and
the Box was one of the inaugural books in 2008.[78]
In 2008 Spiegelman reissued Breakdowns in an expanded
edition including Portrait of the Artist as a Young
%@&*!"[79] an autoniographical strip that had been serialized in the Virginia Quarterly Review from 2005.[80]
A volume drawn from Spiegelmans sketchbooks, Be A
Nose, appeared in 2009. In 2011 MetaMaus followeda
book-length analysis of Maus by Spiegelman and Hillary Spiegelman married Franoise Mouly in 1977 (pictured in
Chute with a DVD-ROM update of the earlier CD- 2015).
ROM.[81]
Library of America commissioned Spiegelman to edit the
two-volume Lynd Ward: Six Novels in Woodcuts, which
appeared in 2010, collecting all of Wards wordless novels with an introduction and annotations by Spiegelman.
7
have two children together: a daughter Nadja Rachel,
born in 1987,[86] and a son Dashiell Alan, born in
1992.[86]
Style
All comic-strip drawings must function
as diagrams, simplied picture-words that
indicate more than they show.
Art Spiegelman[87]
Wordless woodcut novels like those by Frans Masereel were an
early inuence.
4.1
Inuences
Harvey Kurtzman has been Spiegelmans strongest inuence as a cartoonist, editor, and promoter of new
talent.[93] Chief among his other early cartooning inuences include Will Eisner,[94] John Stanley's version of
Little Lulu, Winsor McCay's Little Nemo, George Herri-
LEGACY
Awards
Legacy
9
1993: Sproing Award, Norway, Best Foreign Album, for Maus[112]
1993: Urhunden Prize, Best Foreign Album, for
Maus II [113]
1995: Binghamton University (formerly Harpur
College), honorary Doctorate of Letters.[62]
1999: Eisner Award, inducted into the Hall of
Fame[61]
2005: French government, Chevalier of the Ordre
des Arts et des Lettres[61]
2005: Time magazine, one of the "Top 100 Most
Inuential People"[118]
2011: Angoulme International Comics Festival,
Grand Prix[119]
2015: American Academy of Arts and Letters
membership[120]
8 Notes
[1] In The New Yorker for September 27, 1993
[2] The book edition of In the Shadow of No Towers measures
10 by 14.5 inches (25 cm 37 cm).[73]
9 References
7
Bibliography
7.1
Author
Maus (1991)
Be a Nose (2009)
MetaMaus (2011)
7.2
Editor
10
REFERENCES
9.1
Works cited
9.1
Works cited
Adams, James (2006-05-27). Indigo pulls controversial Harpers o the shelves. The Globe and
Mail. Archived from the original on 2011-02-11.
11
ASME sta (2005-10-17). ASMEs Top 40 Magazine Covers of the Last 40 Years. American Society of Magazine Editors. Archived from the original
on 2011-02-11. Retrieved 2012-06-11.
Baskind, Samantha; Omer-Sherman, Ranen (2010).
The Jewish Graphic Novel: Critical Approaches.
Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-47756.
Bellomo, Mark (2010). Totally Tubular '80s Toys.
Krause Publications. ISBN 978-1-4402-1647-3.
Blau, Rosie (2008-11-29). Breakfast with the FT:
Art Spiegelman. Financial Times. Retrieved 201204-18.
Brean, Joseph (2008-04-01). Art Spiegelman: Politically correct 'fever' grips Canada. National Post.
Retrieved 2015-05-04.
Brean, Joseph (2015-01-30). Mark Steyn on fellow free-speech advocate Art Spiegelman and what
it means to be truly provocative. National Post. Retrieved 2015-05-04.
Brennan, Elizabeth A.; Clarage, Elizabeth C.
(1999). Art Spiegelman. Whos Who of Pulitzer
Prize Winners. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp.
574575. ISBN 978-1-57356-111-2.
Buhle, Paul (2004). From the Lower East Side
to Hollywood: Jews in American Popular Culture.
Verso. ISBN 978-1-85984-598-1.
Campbell, James (2008). Syncopations: Beats, New
Yorkers, and Writers in the Dark. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-25237-0.
Cates, Isaac (2010). Comics and the Grammar of
Diagrams. In Ball, David M.; Kuhlman, Martha
B. The Comics of Chris Ware: Drawing Is a Way of
Thinking. University Press of Mississippi. pp. 90
105. ISBN 978-1-60473-442-3.
Cavna, Michael (February 1, 2011). "'Maus creator
reacts to winning comics Grand Prix prize. The
Washington Post. Retrieved January 19, 2015.
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Colbert, James (1992-11-08). Times Book Prizes
1992 : Fiction : On Maus II". Los Angeles Times.
Retrieved 2012-01-31.
Conan, Neal (2011-10-05). "'MetaMaus: The
Story Behind Spiegelmans Classic. NPR. Retrieved 2012-05-08.
Corriere della Sera sta (2007) [2003]. Art
Spiegelman, Cartoonist for the New Yorker, Resigns in Protest at Censorship. In Witek, Joseph.
Art Spiegelman: Conversations. University Press of
Mississippi. pp. 263266. ISBN 978-1-93411012-6.
D'Arcy, David (2011-07-13). Art Goes Back to
School. The Art Newspaper. Retrieved 2012-0611.
Eisner Awards sta (2012). Complete List of Eisner Award Winners. San Diego Comic-Con International. Retrieved 2012-01-31.
Epel, Naomi (2007). Art Spiegelman. In Witek,
Joseph. Art Spiegelman: Conversations. University
Press of Mississippi. pp. 143151. ISBN 978-1934110-12-6.
Fathers, Michael (2007). Art Mimics Life in the
Death Camps. In Witek, Joseph. Art Spiegelman:
Conversations. University Press of Mississippi. pp.
122125. ISBN 978-1-934110-12-6.
Fischer, Heinz Dietrich; Fischer, Erika J. (2002).
Spiegelman, Art. Complete Biographical Encyclopedia of Pulitzer Prize Winners, 19172000: Journalists, Writers and Composers on Their Ways to the
Coveted Awards. Walter de Gruyter. p. 230. ISBN
978-3-598-30186-5.
Fox, Killian (2012-04-29). The Covers the New
Yorker Rejected. The Observer. Retrieved 201212-05.
Frahm, Ole (May 2004). Considering MAUS. Approaches to Art Spiegelmans Survivors Tale of
the Holocaust by Deborah R. Geis (ed.)". Image &
Narrative (8). ISSN 1780-678X. Retrieved 201201-30.
Gordon, Andrew (2004). Jewish Fathers and Sons
in Spiegelmans Maus and Roths Patrimony. ImageTexT 1 (1). Archived from the original on 201102-11.
Grishakova, Marina; Ryan, Marie-Laure (2010).
Intermediality and Storytelling. Walter de Gruyter.
ISBN 978-3-11-023774-0.
Hammarlund, Ola (2007-08-08).
Urhunden:
Satir och iransk kvinnoskildring fr seriepris (in
Swedish). Urhunden. Retrieved 2012-04-27.
REFERENCES
9.1
Works cited
13
Naughtie, James (2012-02-05). Art Spiegelman.
Bookclub. BBC Radio 4. Retrieved 2014-01-18.
Publishers Weekly sta (1995). Childrens Book
Review: Open Me...I'm a Dog! by Art Spiegelman.
Publishers Weekly. Retrieved 14 October 2014.
Publishers Weekly sta (2008). Childrens Book
Review: Jack and the Box by Art Spiegelman.
Publishers Weekly. Retrieved 14 October 2014.
Pulitzer Prizes sta. Special Awards and Citations. The Pulitzer Prizes. Retrieved 2013-11-02.
Randle, Chris (2013-09-27). Book Review: CoMix, by Art Spiegelman. National Post. Retrieved
2015-05-04.
Reid, Calvin (2007).
Art Spiegelman and
Franoise Mouly: The Literature of Comics. In
Witek, Joseph. Art Spiegelman: Conversations.
University Press of Mississippi. pp. 223229.
ISBN 978-1-934110-12-6.
Rothberg, Michael (2000). Traumatic Realism: The
Demands of Holocaust Representation. University of
Minnesota Press. ISBN 978-0-8166-3459-0.
Shandler, Jerey (2014). Art Spiegelman: The
Complete Maus". In Rebhun, Uzi. The Social Scientic Study of Jewry: Sources, Approaches, Debates.
Oxford University Press. pp. 337341. ISBN 9780-19-936349-0.
Smith, Graham (2007) [1987]. From Mickey to
Maus: Recalling the Genocide Through Cartoon.
In Witek, Joseph. Art Spiegelman: Conversations.
University Press of Mississippi. pp. 8494. ISBN
978-1-934110-12-6. (Originally in Oral History
Journal Vol. 15, Spring 1987)
Solomon, Alisa (2014-08-27). The Haus of Maus:
Art Spiegelmans twitchy irreverence. The Nation.
Archived from the original on 2015-02-20. Retrieved 2015-05-04.
Spiegelman, Art (2011). Chute, Hillary, ed. MetaMAUS. Viking Press. ISBN 978-0-670-91683-2.
Teicholz, Tom (2008-12-25). The 'Maus that
Roared. JewishJournal.com. Retrieved 2012-1206.
Time sta (2005-04-18). Art Spiegelman - The
2005 TIME 100. Time. Retrieved 2012-06-11.
Traini, Rinaldo (1982). 15 SALONE, 1982
(in Italian). Immagine-Centro Studi Iconograci.
Archived from the original on 2011-02-11.
Weiss, Sasha (2012-05-09). Art Spiegelman Discusses Maurice Sendak. The New Yorker. Retrieved 2012-12-05.
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Further reading
11
External links
EXTERNAL LINKS
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12.1
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