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Volume - 5 Issue - 3
September, 2009 (Monthly Magazine)
Editorial / Mailing Office :
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Editorial
Dear Students,
Pramod Maheshwari
[B.Tech. IIT-Delhi]
Analyst & Correspondent
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one, of any kind, in any manner, there from.
Pramod Maheshwari,
B.Tech., IIT Delhi
SEPTEMBER 2009
Volume-5 Issue-3
September, 2009 (Monthly Magazine)
NEXT MONTHS ATTRACTIONS
CONTENTS
INDEX
Regulars ..........
NEWS ARTICLE
KNOW IIT-JEE
PAGE
Study Time........
DYNAMIC PHYSICS
S
CATALYST CHEMISTRY
33
Key Concept
Aliphatic hydrocarbon
Oxygen Family & Hydrogen Family
Understanding : Inorganic Chemistry
14
DICEY MATHS
42
Mathematical Challenges
Students Forum
Key Concept
Probability
Binomial Theorem
53
SEPTEMBER 2009
Kanpur:
The
Indian
Space
Research Organization (ISRO) will
launch
Nano-satellite
"Jugnu"
made by students of the Indian
Institute of Technology, Kanpur
(IIT-K) in December 2009.
"A team of 20 students from our
institute has made the nanosatellite," said Prof. S.G. Dhande,
Director of IIT-Kanpur.
The weight of the satellite is less
than 10 kilograms. The satellite is
made worth of 2 Crores.
The satellite will give information
related with drought, flood,
agriculture and forestry.
In addition to this IIT-K will also
celebrate its golden jubilee from
August 2009 to December 2010.
The inauguration is from August
8th-9th 2009. Inaugural address
will be delivered on August 8.
Mr. N. R. Narayana Murthy, the
non-executive chairman and chief
mentor of Infosys, will join the
function as Chief Guest. He is a
distinguished alumnus of IIT-K.
Three
new
MTech
programmes at IIT this year
CHENNAI: Three new M.Tech
programmes
in
Catalysis
Technology, Nuclear Engineering
and Petroleum Engineering will be
offered at IIT-Madras in the
2009-10 academic year, director
M S Ananth announced on Friday
Delivering the director's report at
the 46th convocation of the
institute here on Friday, he said a
five-year integrated dual degree
programme would also be
introduced in these disciplines.
SEPTEMBER 2009
"IIT-Madras is establishing a
research park adjacent to its
campus in Chennai, the first of its
kind in the country. For this
purpose, IIT-M has obtained 11.42
acres of land from the state
government,"
he
added.
Pointing out that the facility was
likely to be inaugurated in
September, professor Ananth said
they hoped to have the prime
minister, the Tamil Nadu chief
minister and Union Minister for
Human Resource Development
(MHRD) Kapil Sibal at the
inaugural
event.
A total of 1,439 students received
degrees 162 were awarded Ph.D,
121 M.S., 354 M.Tech, 83 M.Sc, 62
MBA, 313 B.Tech awards and 172
got
dual
degrees.
Professor Jagdish N Bhagwati of
the department of economics at
Columbia University, who was
conferred the degree of Doctor of
Science (Honoris Causa) by the
institute
on
the
occasion,
delivered the convocation address.
"You should have learnt from your
IIT
education
that
great
universities teach you two things:
creation of knowledge and the
practice of virtue. As scientists,
you must imbibe knowledge and
seek to extend its frontiers. As
part of humanity, you must also
learn to put it to good use," he
said.
In addition to instructing students
on the need for them to
periodically adjust and revise their
knowledge, professor Bhagwati
reminded his audience that each of
them owed his/her success equally
to
their
parents.
"Great
opportunities are open now to
put your knowledge, and your
ingenuity, at the service of India
and
her
poor,"
he
said.
Touching on the problem of
limited availability of qualified
faculty in the higher education
system today, R Chidambaram,
principal scientific advisor to
Government
of
India,
and
chairman, board of governors, IITMadras, said online teaching could
be one way of ensuring quality
technical
education.
"An
alternative to the required growth
in
brick-and-mortar
through
expansion and addition is a
massive online education system.
A country like India therefore has
no
choice.
The
National
Programme
on
Technology
Enhanced
Learning
(NPTEL),
liberally funded by the MHRD, is
an opportunity to provide quality
online engineering education," he
said.
SEPTEMBER 2009
Success Story
This article contains story of a person who get succeed after graduation from different IIT's
Research Areas
1.
Current Research
2.
3.
4.
5.
Dynamics
He is studying discontinuous dynamical systems that
exhibit the property of sliding. The concept of equivalent
dynamics has been shown to speed up sliding DAE
systems by 10,000 times.
Control
He is looking at the control of chemical processes,
especially reactors. He also looked at control of systems,
such as, an inverted pendulum through internet. Handling
SEPTEMBER 2009
KNOW IIT-JEE
By Previous Exam Questions
Q = mc T
...(iii)
From (i) and (iii) Since U = Q Therefore
PHYSICS
1 M 2g 2l
2 r 2 Y
1 M 2g 2l
T =
2 r 2 Ycm
Here
m = mass of string = density volume of string
= r2l
mcT =
1.
T =
1 M 2g 2
2 (r 2 ) 2 Yc
1
(100 10) 2
2
(3.14 2 10 3 ) 2 2.1 1011 420 7860
= 0.00457C
a2
90
=
= 30 rad/s
...(iv)
a
3
Substituting the value of in (i) we get
3
a=
= 0.1 m
...(v)
30
Now
3
2
2
2v
30
k=
=
=
=
=
= ...(vi)
2
v/v
v
v
20
From (iv), (v) and (vi) the wave form is
3
3.
r2l
=
2
Y
1 M 2g 2l
1 (Mg / r 2 ) 2
r2l =
...(i)
=
2
Y
2 r 2 Y
This energy is released in the form of heat, thereby
raising the temperature of the wire
r1
r2
r2
2.
X
G
r1
r2
M A
C N
B
where R is a constant r1 and r2 are variable. The
maximum fraction error is
r
r
X
= 1 + 2
X
r1
r2
Here r1 = r2 = y (say) then
X
For
to be minimum r1 r2 should be max
X
[Q r1 + r2 = c (Constt.]
Let
E = r1 r2 E = r1 (r1 c)
dE
= (r1 c) + r1 = 0
dr1
SEPTEMBER 2009
= MB sin
where is the angle between M and B
nhe
nhe B
=
B sin 30 =
4m
8m
The direction of torque can be found by right hand
thumb rule.
The direction of torque is perpendicular to the plane
c
c
r2 =
r1 = r2
2
2
R2 gives the most accurate value.
r1 =
4.
r
n
30
5.
r
B
30
= M B
x2
Br 2
e = B x dx = B =
0
2
2 0
(b) i. The above diagram can be reconstructed as the
adjacent figure e is a constant. O will accumulate
positive charge and A negative when the switch S is
L
(a) What is the induced emf across the terminals of
the switch ?
(b) The switch S is closed at time t = 0.
(i) Obtain an expression for the current as a function
of time.
(ii) In the steady state, obtain the time dependence of
the torque required to maintain the constant angular
speed, given that the rod OA was along the positive
X-axis at t = 0.
Sol. (a) Let us consider a small length of metal rod dx at a
distance x from the origin. Small amount of emf (de)
induced in this small length (due to metallic rod
cutting magnetic lines of force) is
de = B(dx)v
...(i)
where v is the velocity of small length dx
v = x
...(ii)
From (i) and (ii) de = B(dx)x
The total emf across the whole metallic rod OA is
=
2
2m
4m
The direction of magnetic momentum is same as the
direction of area vector, i.e. perpendicular to the
plane of orbital motion.
r
n
SEPTEMBER 2009
CHEMISTRY
A sample of hard water contains 96 ppm of SO42 and
183 ppm of HCO3, with Ca2+ as the only cation.
How many moles of CaO will be required to remove
HCO3 from 1000 kg of this water ? If 1000 kg of this
water is treated with the amount of CaO calculated
above, what will be concentration (in ppm) of
residual Ca2+ ions? (Assume CaCO3 to be completely
insoluble in water.) If the Ca2+ ions in one litre of the
treated water are completely exchanged with
hydrogen ions, what will be its pH ? (One ppm means
one part of the substance in one million part of water,
[IIT-1997]
mass/mass. )
Sol. In 106g (= 1000 kg) of the given hard water, we will
have
Mass of SO42 ions = 96 g
Mass of HCO3 ions = 183 g
96 g
= 1 mol
Thus Amount of SO42 ions =
96 g mol 1
O
A
6.
I = I0(1 e t / b )
e
Br 2
L
=
and TL =
R
2R
R
Br 2
Therefore, I =
[1 e(R/L)t ]
2R
(ii) In steady state
Here
I0 =
In steady state I =
Br 2
2R
R
t
= 3 mol
61g mol 1
These ions are present as CaSO4 and Ca(HCO3)2.
Hence,
Amount of Ca+ ions = (1 + 1.5) mol = 2.5 mol.
The addition of CaO causes the following reaction :
CaO + Ca(HCO3)2 2CaCO3 + H2O
To remove 1.5 mol of Ca(HCO3)2, 1.5 mol of CaO
will be required in the treated water. After this, the
solution contains only CaSO4. Thus, 1 mol of Ca2+
ions will be present in 106 g of water. Hence its
concentration will be 40 ppm.
Molarity of Ca2+ ions in the treated water will be 103
mol L1. If the Ca2+ ions are exchanged by H+ ions,
then
Molarity of H+ in the treated water = 2 103 M.
Thus, pH = log (2 103) = 2.7
Br 2
R
P = I2R =
2R
P=
B 2 r 4 2
4R
t=t
r/2
r/2 cos
mg
B r
4R
Torque required to move the rod in circular motion
against gravitation field
r
2 = mg cos
2
The total torque
= 1 + 2
(clock wise)
1 =
B2r 4
mgr
+
cos t
4R
2
The required torque will be of same magnitude and in
anticlockwise direction. The second term will change
signs as the value of cos can be positive as well as
negative.
=
183 g
Hence, Kp =
(p SO3 ) 2
(p SO 2 ) 2 ( p O 2 )
(1 atm 2 x ) 2
(2 x ) 2 (2 atm + x )
= 900 atm1
10
SEPTEMBER 2009
(1 atm 2 x ) 2
(2 x ) 2 (2 atm)
or
(1 atm 2 x ) 2
(2x ) 2
COOH
H SO 4
ANaOH
Intermediate compound2
|
heat
COOH
The compound A must be formic acid as the above
reactions are used in the manufacture of oxalic acid.
The reactions are
= 900 atm1
= 1800
H2
(COONa)2
2HCOOH 2HCOONa
1 atm
1 = 42.43
or
2x
1
or x =
atm = 0.0115 atm
2 43.43
Hence, p(SO2) = 2x = 0.023 atm;
p(O2) = 2atm + x = 2.0115 atm and
p(SO3) = 1 atm 2x = 0.977 atm
H (COOH) 2
(C )
HCOONa
pressure
Molar mass
Given data
90 g mol1
0.4 g
O +
OH
C6H5
C
PCl5
H2/Pd (BaSO4)
O
C6H5
O H2NNH2
O
N
N
H
The formation of D from C may be explained as
follows.
C6H5
O
O
C6H5
NH2
C6H5
NH2
+
NH2
NH2
O
NH
NH
OH
C6H5
N
N
18 g H 2 O
0.4 g oxalic acid = 0.08 g H2O
90 g oxalic acid
These values tally with the given data. Hence, the
compound C is confirmed to be oxalic acid. The
production of C from A is as follows.
AlCl3
11
SEPTEMBER 2009
Filter
hot water
Filtrate
H2 S
KI
Soluble
Yellow
precipitate (D)
(b) No gas
Saltheat
1
5
1
5
y +
0
y
2 2
2 2
1 5
1+ 5
or y
2
2
1 5
1+ 5
or 2 sin t
or sin t
2
2
3
sin t sin or sin t sin
10
10
a
a
a
a
1 1
1 + 2 = a0 1 + 22 33 + ... + 22nn
x
x
x
x
x x
...(2)
Now, a02 a12 a32 + ... + a2n2 = coefficient of the
term independent of x in
a
a
a
Sol. I =
( x + 1)
x (1 + xe
( x + 1)
x (1 + xe
x 2
x 2
dx =
dx
xe
)
x
Put
1 + xe = t
(ex + xex)dx = dt
dt
Therefore I =
( t 1) t 2
[IIT-1996]
e x ( x + 1)
x
(1 + xe x ) 2
dx
(1 + x + x 2 ) n ( x 2 x + 1) n
=
x 2n
Thus, a02 a12 + a22 + ....a2n2
13. Evaluate
1 1
But R.H.S. = (1 + x + x2)n 1 + 2
x x
3
or t
10
10
3
Thus, Range for t , ,
2 2
10 2
x 2n
(1 + 2 x + x 4 x 2 ) n
5
1
0
y
2
4
MATHEMATICS
1 2 x + 5x 2
, t , [IIT-2005]
3x 2 x 1
2 2
2
, t ,
3x 2x 1
2 2
Put, 2sin t = y 2 y 2
(3y 5)x2 2x(y 1) (y + 1) = 0
Since x R {1, 1/3} {as, 3x2 2x 1 0}
D0
4(y 1)2 + 4(3y 5) (y + 1) 0
y2 y 1 0
HCl
1 1
(1 + x + x2)n 1 + 2
x x
1 2 x + 5x 2
2 sin t =
A
1
C
B
+
+ 2
t
( t 1) t 2 ( t 1)
t
1 At2 + Bt(t 1) + C(t 1)
Put
t=0
1=C
Put
t=1
1=A
Again comparing the coefficients of t2, we get
Let
[( x 2 + 1) 2 x 2 ]n
x 2n
(1 + x + x )
2
4 n
x 2n
12
SEPTEMBER 2009
0=1+B
1 1
1
Therefore, I =
dt
t 1 t t 2
1
= ln|t 1| ln|t| + + c
t
t 1
1
+ +c
= ln
t
t
0=A+B
y = 2x
xe x
= ln
1 + xe x
14. Evaluate
1
1 + xe x
O 1/2
+c
1
x 2 the curve y = 2x lies above as
2
compared to y = logex
Hence, the required area
In the region
+ 4x 3
dx
/ 3
2 cos | x | +
3
y = logex
/3
[IIT-2004]
Sol. Let,
1/ 2
(2 x log x ) dx
2
2x
=
( x log x x )
log 2
1 / 2
x 3 dx
dx
I=
+4
/ 3
/ 3
2 cos | x | +
2 cos | x | +
3
3
0,
f ( x ) = f ( x )
f ( x ) dx = a
Using
a
2 f ( x )dx , f ( x ) = f ( x )
0
/3
dx
+0
I=2
0
2 cos | x | +
3
/3
x 3dx
is odd
as
/ 3
2 cos | x | +
3
/3
/3
3
4 2 5
log 2 +
log 2
2
2
I = 2
/3
dx
2 cos( x + / 3)
dt
, where x + = t
2 cos t
3
2 t
dt
2 / 3 sec
2
= 2
t
/3
1 + 3 tan 2
2
3
3
4
2du
=
. 3 tan 1 3u 1 / 3
= 2
2
1/ 3 1 + 3u
3
4
4
1
(tan1 3 tan11) =
tan1
=
3
3
2
= 2
2 / 3
/3
4
+ 4x 3
1
dx =
tan1 .
/ 3
3
2
2 cos | x | +
3
/3
13
SEPTEMBER 2009
Set # 5
This section is designed to give IIT JEE aspirants a thorough grinding & exposure to variety
of possible twists and turns of problems in physics that would be very helpful in facing IIT
JEE. Each and every problem is well thought of in order to strengthen the concepts and we
hope that this section would prove a rich resource for practicing challenging problems and
enhancing the preparation level of IIT JEE aspirants.
By : Dev Sharma
Director Academics, Jodhpur Branch
So l ut i ons wi l l b e pub l i s he d i n ne x t i s s ue
Incident
Light
M
E
T
A
L
Photo
Electrons
Passage # 2
If the Angular momentum of the revolving electron is
quantized then it is exempted from the law of electro
dynamics and it will not emit electromagnetic
radiations. Its energy remains constant and it is the
ultimate cause of stability of the atom.
If hydrogen atom electron get excited, it will return to
the ground state and emits the energy spectra which
is known as hydrogen spectra which consists of
various series like Lymen, Balmer .....
Hydrogen atom HA-1 and Hydrogen atom HA-2 are
in ground state and in first excited state. Accepts
energies 12.1 eV and 1.9 eV respectively.
Passage # 1
Emission of electrons from the surface of the metal,
when the metallic surface is illuminated by light of
proper frequency / wavelength / energy is known as
photoelectric effect.
The current flow due to photo electrons is known as
photo current and it is dependent on the intensity of
incident light photons.
The proper polarity applied potential difference
which can stop the motion of most energetic photo
electron and ultimately the photo current is known as
stopping potential.
Variation of electric field for incident light
E = E1 sin 1t + E2 sin 2t + E3 sin 3t
Energy related with freq. 1, 2, 3 are 2eV, 2.8eV,
3eV and intensity are Int1, Int2 and Int3 then
Emission
spectra
M
E
T
A
L
W = 2eV
W = 2.5 eV
1.
2.
3.
4.
Photo electrons
14
5.
6.
7.
8.
SEPTEMBER 2009
1.
Solution
Set # 4
As req (ab) = 0
5.
req (ab)
10V 1
so terminal voltage of the battery = 0
2.
3.
Key k open
Req (ab) = 7.5
ma = mg sin
a = g sin or a = g tan
Now,
x2 = 4ay;
gx
=
2a
Option [D] is correct.
2x =
10
5
5
mg sin mg cos
dy
x
=
dx
2a
...(1)
(as is small)
x
a=g
2a
g
2a
6.
7.
C=
8.
=
+
=
2 0
2 0
2 0
At a distance h below the top surface of slab
(D 2h )
Eslab =
2 0
E = Esheet + Eslab
(D 2h )
+ ( D 2h )
+
=
=
2 0
2 0
2 0
At a distance h below the bottom surface of the slab
D
D
+
=
=
2 0
2 0
2 0
Option [A,B,D] is correct
50 V
0.5
i=
25
50
50
=
=
=
Amp
r + R eq
4
0.5 + 7.5
8
( a ,b )
25
0.5
4
25
175
175
=
so : V = 50 :
= 50
8
8
8
= 400 : 175 16 : 9
V = i r = 50
4.
R eq =
(a ,b )
i=
=
=
=
=
95
r + R eq
0.5 + 9
9.5
19
( a ,b )
100
0.5
19
100
50
18
= 50
50
= 50
38
19
19
V = i r = 50
18
: V = 50 : 50 = 19 : 18
19
15
0A
, where x is separation between plates
x
I dC
1 dA
1 dx
=
C dT
A dT
x dT
1 dx
dC
1 dA
= 0,
=
S = 2
For
x
dT
dT
A dT
Option [C] is correct.
SEPTEMBER 2009
Students' Forum
PHYSICS
1.
1 1 m + M
r
v (t) = v0 + ln
x
5 2 m + M kt
The final velocity of the ball is determined according
to the time that passes until the force applied by the
emitted gas stops, or when the mass of the gas in the
M
ball is zero, 0 =
kT. Hence,
2
M
T=
2k
Substituting Eq. (7)in Eq. (6) yields
m,v0
1 1 m + M
vfinal = v(T) = v0 + ln
= 0.455 v0
5 2 m + M / 2
2.
a
(i) Write the equations of motion for m1 and m2.
What is the velocity of the center of mass?
(ii) Prove that the harmonic oscillation equation of
the system is : ( &x& 2 &x&1 ) = k(x2 x1)
m1m 2
m1 + m 2
(iii) What is the oscillation amplitude of (x2 x1) ?
Sol. The motion of the system of the two bodies can be
conveniently described by using the center of mass
frame of reference. The centre of mass moves in a
straight line with constant velocity, due to the
conservation of linear momentum. In the centre of
mass frame the two bodies perform simple harmonic
oscillations. Denoting the position of the masses m1
and m2 by x1 and x2, respectively, we can express the
distance between the masses as x2 x1. The change in
the length of the spring is then x = x2 x1 a.
(i) The forces applied by the spring on the two
systems are :
where =
16
SEPTEMBER 2009
m1 &x&1 = kx
...(1)
&
&
m2 x 2 = kx
...(2)
The signs are used according to the position of the
mass relative to the spring. Multiplying Eq.(1) by m2,
Eq. (2) by m1, and subtracting Eq. (1) from Eq. (2)
we have
m1m2( &x& 2 &x&1 ) = k(m1 + m2)x
...(3)
Since x = x2 x1 a, we have x& = x& 2 x& 1 . And
L
X
V0
...(4)
...(5)
m1 + m 2
k . Notice that x does not
m1m 2
denote the position of any of the masses. It denotes
the difference between the distance between the
masses and the initial state, so that x = (x2 x1) a.
The velocity of the centre of mass is given by :
p 0 x
r
...(6)
v cm =
m1 + m 2
(ii) The equation specified in the problem is easily
derived from Eq. (3), which we found in the first
section. The constant is called the "reduced mass"
of the system, and is defined as
1
1
1
+
...(7)
m1
m2
or in a different form,
m1m 2
=
...(8)
m1 + m 2
(iii) Taking energy into consideration, we have
A
(i) What is the center of mass velocity of the system ?
r
Where is the center of mass ? Express R cm at the
moment of collision.
(ii) What is the angular velocity of the system about
the centre of mass ?
(iii) What is the maximal velocity of the pole's end,
denoted by A, after the collision ? When does the
point A reach this velocity for the first time ?
r
Sol. (i) We know that v = v0 y . According to the
definition :
r
i m i vi
r
1
= v 0 y
...(1)
v cm =
2
i mi
By definition :
1
1
m L x + m L y
r
r
i m i r1
2
2
R cm =
=
i mi
2m
where 0 =
1
L( x y
...(2)
4
where we choose the origin to be the point of
collision (see figure)
1
=
p
1 p 02
1
...(9)
Ek = m1 0 =
2
2 m1
m1
where Ek is the initial kinetic energy. The kinetic
energy of the center of mass is :
p 02
1
Ek(cm) =
...(10)
2 m1 + m 2
and therefore, the total kinetic energy in the centre of
mass frame becomes :
m2
Ek(cm) = Ek Ek(cm) =
p 02
2m1 (m1 + m 2 )
The kinetic energy is proportional to the square of
1
ampitude, Ek = kA2
2
Therefore,
3.
A=
1/4
1
r
R cm ( t = 0) = ( x / 4)( x y)
m 2 p 02
km1 (m1 + m 2 )
L
mv0 z
4
...(3)
r
r
1
where we substitute r1 = L y and r2 = L x . We
2
calculate IC using the parallel axis theorem :
1/4
17
SEPTEMBER 2009
L 2 L 2
5
1
IC = 2 mL2 2m + =
mL2
4
4
3
12
...(4)
1
r
mv 0 L
r
J
3 v0
Hence, cm = cm = 4
z =
z ...(5)
5
5 L
IC
mL2
12
(iii) The maximal velocity is reached when the
velocity of the point A in the centre of mass frame is
r
in the direction of v cm ; i.e., + y (see figure).
Therefore,
F
1
c.m.
VA
RAC
A
vA,max = vcm + RAC
By using simple geometry, we obtain :
2
N
For vertical forces,
N = mg
For horizontal forces,
Fmin = Bil + N
BEl
+ mg
Ans.
or
Fmin =
R
...(6)
10
3L L
L
...(7)
+ =
4
4 4
Notice that the distance RAC is constant in the center
of mass frame. The whole system rotates at an
r
angular velocity of cm about a fixed axis which
passes through the center of mass. Therefore,
1
1
3
3 v 0 10
L = v0 1 +
vA,max = v0 +
2
2
5 L 4
10
RAC =
5 L
tan 1 (3)
=
tan1(3)
t= r =
3 v0
| |
3 v0
5 L
4.
Fmin
Bil
F
If F = 2Fmin, calculate
(i) steady state velocity of the rod,
F = Fmin
N
For vertical forces, N = mg
18
SEPTEMBER 2009
(E + Blv0) + mg = 2
+ mg
R
R
10 6
1
2I
a
=
=
2v v
99
Ans. (ii)
mgR + BEl
Ans. (i)
v0 =
B2l 2
or
2(mgR + BEl) 2
P = Fv0 =
Ans. (ii)
RB 2 l 2
Thermal power generated in the rod = i2R
(mgR + 2BEl) 2
2 2
RB l
Regents Physics
You Should Know
Modern Physics :
Ans. (iii)
P = v
dB
I10
where
I0 = 1012 Wm2
Intensity of sound waves at the point is
L
I = I0. antilog10
10
or
I = 1 108 Wm2
1
But intensity I = 22n2a2v = (42n2a2)v
2
2I
2 2 2
4 n a =
v
2 2 2
4 n a = (a) , hence, a =
2I
v
...(3)
2I
in equation (1),
Substituting = v and a =
v
2na =
Mechanics :
(P)max =
...(2)
But
2I
v
But n =
v
19
SEPTEMBER 2009
Current Electricity
KEY CONCEPTS & PROBLEM SOLVING STRATEGY
I = R
Review of Concepts :
Electric current is the rate of transfer of charge
through a certain surface.
The direction of electric current is as that of flow
of positive charge.
If a charge q cross an area in time t, then the
average current = q/t
Its unit is C/s or ampere.
Electric current has direction as well as
magnitude but it is a scalar quantity.
Electric current obeys simple law of algebra.
i.e.,
I = I1 + I2
I1
or
i.e.,
t=q=
j
en
Here, negative sign indicates that drifting of electron
takes place in the opposite direction of current
density.
The average thermal velocity of electron is zero.
Electric resistance : Electric resistance (R) is
defined as the opposition to the flow of electric
charge through the material.
It is a microscopic quantity.
Its symbol is
Its unit is ohm.
(a)
density v d =
I = lim
t 0
I dt
0
Average current I =
j . dS
I2
or
i=
I1
dq
q
t
dt
Electric charge passing a surface in time
I = f(t)
I
S cos
Types of Current :
Steady state current or constant current : This
type of current is not function of time.
Transient or variable current : This type of current
passing through a surface depends upon time.
i.e.,
J=
I dt
dt
(b)
0
t
l
A
where, R = resistance,
R=
q
q
2
; T=
I=
T
2
Case II : If a non-conducting ring having charge
per unit length is rotating with constant angular
velocity about an axis passing through centre of
ring and perpendicular to the plane of ring.
dq
c
dt
The continuity equation is based on conservation
principle of charge.
Drift Velocity (vd) : When a potential difference
is applied between ends of metallic conductor, an
I=
20
j . dS =
SEPTEMBER 2009
e
= E
m
vd
E = electric field
Variation of Resistance with Temperature :
Let a metallic conductor of length l and crosssectional area A.
Rt = R0(1 + t)
where,
Rt = resistance of conductor at temperature tC,
R0 = resistance of conductor at 0C,
= temperature coefficient.
i
A
1
R
i
E1r1
E= i
where, =
m
2
= receptivity of material
ne
According to ohm's law, electric current passing
through a conductor is proportional to the
potential difference between end of the conductor
i.e.,
V = IR
In case of ohms law, V-I graph is straight line.
E2r2
Rise up
+E
21
Drop up
E
SEPTEMBER 2009
r,E
Rise up
i
Drop up
E ir
E ir
Drop up
Rise up
IR
+IR
When a battery being charged, the terminal
voltage is greater than its emf V = E + Ir.
Kirchhoff's Law : Kirchhoff's law is able to
solve complicated circuit problems.
(i) First Law : Incoming current = Outgoing current
I1 + I2 = I3 + I4 + I5
I2
I1
I5
I4
I3
1
R MN
1
1
1
=
+
R eq
R1
R2
R1
M
R2
In general,
1
1
1
1
=
+
+ ... +
R MN
R1
R2
Rn
22
SEPTEMBER 2009
R1
R2
R3
a
I
R2
R3
b
I
b
I
r2
r1
I2
I1
1
1
1
1
=
+
+
+...(resistors in parallel)
R eq R 1 R 2 R 3
I3
I1
R1
I2
a
R2
(a)
2
r2
r1
+
I2
I1
I1 + I2
R3
I2
I1
R1
R2
(b)
Determine which quantities are the target
variables.
Step 3 Execute the solution as follows :
Choose any closed loop in the network and
designate
a
direction
(clockwise
or
counterclockwise) to travel around the loop when
applying the loop rule. The direction does not
R3
23
SEPTEMBER 2009
Travel
1.
IR
4
Sol. The equivalent Wheatstone's bridge network of the
given circuit is shown in fig.
B
2
3
A
1
C
2
D
2 Volt
Here the points B and D are at the same potential as
the bridge is balanced. So the 3 resistance in BD
arm is ineffective and can be omitted from the circuit.
The resistance of ABC branch is 2 + 4 = 6 as
AB and BC are in series. Similarly the resistance of
A D C branch is 1 + 2 = 3.
The two resistances, i.e., 6 ohm and 3 ohm are in
parallel. The equivalent resistance R is given by
1
1
1
1
=
+
=
R = 2
R
2
6
3
(i) The current drawn from 2 volt accumulator is
E
2
i=
=
= I amp.
R
2
(ii) The current through 3 resistor is zero.
(iii) When the 3 resistor is removed from the
circuit, there will be no change.
+IR
2.
I
I
When using Kirchhoffs rules, follow these sign
conventions as you travel around a circuit loop.
Travel
Travel
+
Solved Examples
24
R1 = 50
20
5V
When voltmeter is not connected
E
current in the circuit i =
r + R1 + R 2
1
5
5
=
=
A
22
20 + 50 + 40
110
Potential difference across R1 = i R1
1
50 = 2.27 volt.
=
22
When the voltmeter is connected across R1.
In this case the galvanometer resistance is in parallel
with R1. Hence
1000 50
Equivalent resistance =
= 47.62 ohm
1000 + 50
Current in the circuit
5
5
=
=
A
20 + 40 + 47.62 107.62
Potential difference measured by voltmeter
5
47.62 = 2.21 volt.
=
107.62
2.27 2.21
100 = 2.6%
Percentage error =
2.27
i=
3.
4.
H
+
C
+
G
(i) The potential difference between B and D and
(ii) the potential difference across the terminals of
each of the cells G and H.
Sol. Fig. shows the current distribution.
Applying Kirchhoff's first law at point D, we have
...(1)
i = i1 + i2
Applying Kirchhoff's second law to mesh and
ADBA, we have
2i + 1i + 2i1 = 2 1 = 1
...(2)
or
3i + 2i1 = 1
2V
2
B
A
V
300
400
60 V
Sol. Potential difference across 400 ohm = 30 V
Potential difference across 300 ohm
= (60 30) = 30 V
This shows that the potential difference is equally
shared.
1V
i
D
25
1V
1
i1
i2
1
C
3V
SEPTEMBER 2009
i/6
H i/3
i/3
D
C
i/6
This skeleton consists of twelve wires. Let the
resistance of each wire be r. Here the current i enters
at corner A and leaves at corner G. The current i at
corner A is divided into three equal parts (i/3)
because the resistance of each wire is the same. At B,
D and E, the current i/3 is divided into two equal
parts each having magnitude i/6. At the corners C, F
and H, the currents again combine to give currents,
each of magnitude i/3 along CG, FG and HG
respectively. At corner G, all these currents combine
so that the current leaving at G is i.
Let R be the equivalent resistance between the
corners A and G. Taking any one of the paths say
ABCG, we have
VAG = VAB + VBC + VCG
i
i
i
iR = r + r + r
3
6
3
5
or R = r
6
According to given problem r = 6 ohm
5
6 = 5 ohm.
R=
6
26
SEPTEMBER 2009
Circular Motion :
When a particle moves on a circular path with
uniform speed, its is said to execute a uniform
circular motion.
Angular Velocity : It is the rate of change of
angular displacements of the body. If the radial line
in the adjoining figure rotates through an angle
(radian) in time t (seconds) then its angular velocity.
or
radian / second
t
If it takes the radial line a time T to complete one
revolution, then
=
In limiting condition
v2
= or v =
rg
.r.g
2
T
and if n revolutions are made in 1s then
=
1
and = 2n
T
The angular acceleration of the particle is given by
n=
t
Linear Velocity :
Linear velocity = angular velocity radius
v=r
linear acceleration of particle (a) = a r
Centripetal Acceleration : When a particle moves
with uniform speed v in a circle of radius r it is acted
upon by an acceleration v2/r in the direction of centre.
It is called centripetal acceleration. The acceleration
has a fixed magnitude but its direction is
continuously changing. It is always directed towards
the centre of the circle.
Centripetal Forces : If the particle of mass m moves
with uniform velocity v in circle of radius r, then
=
Tb
vb
B
mg
mv a2
mg
r
r
This tension, at highest point will be zero, for a
minimum velocity vc given by
Ta + mg =
mv 2
. This is
r
called centripetal force. It has a fixed magnitude and
is always directed towards the centre.
v2
< (since coefficient of friction = tan )
rg
0=
27
mv a2
or
Ta =
mv c2
mg or
r
vc =
gr
SEPTEMBER 2009
1
1
mvb2 mva2 = mg.2r
2
2
vb2 = va2 + 4gr
for critical speed va = vc =
vb2gr + 4gr
A
gr
or
vb =
T cos
T
T sin
5gr
r
mg
mv 2b
m5vgr
Tb mg =
or Tb = mg +
= 6mg
r
r
This means that the string should be able to stand to a
tension, equal to six times the weight of the body
otherwise the string will break.
Rotational Motion :
Centre of mass of a system of particles :
The point at which the whole mass of the body may
be supposed to be concentrated is called the centre of
mass.
Consider the case of a body of an arbitrary shape of n
XY plane as shown in fig. Let the body consist of
number of
Y
(x2, y2)
P1(x1, y1)
(x, y ) P2
vp
P3(x3, y3)
P
B
T mg cos =
mv 2p
r
mg
or
Q
mg cos
particles P1, P2, P3, .... of masses m1, m2, m3, ..... and
coordinates (x1, y1), (x2, y2), (x3, y3), ..... If ( x, y) be
the coordinates of centre of mass, then
T = m
+ g cos
r
v 2r
v2
At point A, = 180; Ta = m a g
r
At point B, = 0;
and
v2
Tb = m b + g
x =
m1x1 + m 2 x 2 + m 3 x 3 + ....
m n x n
=
m1 + m 2 + m 3 + .....
m n
y =
m1 y1 + m 2 y 2 + m 3 y 3 + ...
m n y n
=
m1 + m 2 + m 3 + ....
m n
Conical pendulum :
A conical pendulum consists of a string AB (fig.)
whose upper end is fixed at A and other and B is tied
with a bob. When the bob is drawn aside and is given
a horizontal push. Let it describe a horizontal circle
with constant angular speed in such a way that AB
makes a constant angle with the vertical. As the
string traces the surface of a cone, it is known as
conic pendulum.
x =
y =
28
x dm = x dm
M
dm
y dm = y dm
M
dm
SEPTEMBER 2009
z =
z dm = z dm
M
dm
m1r1 + m 2 r2
m1 + m 2
...(2)
Axis
1.
Through
its
centre
and
perpendicular to
its length
Ml 2
12
2.
Thin rectangular
sheet of sides a
and b.
Through
its
centre
and
perpendicular to
its plane
a 2 b2
M
+
12 12
3.
Thick
rectangular bar
l,
of
length
breadth b and
thickness t.
Through
its
midpoint
and
perpendicular to
its length
l2 b2
M +
12 12
4.
Uniform
solid
sphere of radius
R
About a diameter
2
MR2
5
5.
Circular ring of
radius R.
Through
its
centre
and
perpendicular to
its plane
MR2
6.
Disc of radius R.
Through
its
centre
and
perpendicular to
its plane
1
MR2
2
7.
Solid cylinder of
length l and
radius R.
1
MR2
2
dd
dv
d2x
=
=
dt dt
dt
dt 2
dv
dv
or
=0
dt
dt
v = constant
Therefore, when no external force acts on the system,
the centre of mass of an isolated system move with
uniform velocity.
Moment of inertia and radius of gyration :
Moment of Inertia : The moment of inertia of a
body about an axis is defined as the sum of the
products of the masses of the particles constituting
the body and the square of their respective distance
from the axis.
Radius of Gyration : If we consider that the whole
mass of the body is concentrated at a distance K from
the axis of rotation, then moment of inertia I can be
expressed as
I = MK2
where M is the total mass of the body and K is the
radius of gyration. Thus the quantity whose square
when multiplied by the total mass of the body gives
the moment of inertia of the body about that axis is
known as radius of gyration.
Moment of
inertia
Body
R 2 l2
M
+
4 12
29
SEPTEMBER 2009
Rotational Motion
Displacement = s
Angular displacement =
Velocity = v
Angular velocity =
Acceleration = a
Angular acceleration =
Inertia = m
Moment of inertia = I
Force = F
Torque =
Momentum = mv
Angular momentum = I
Power = Fv
Rotational power =
Kinetic energy =
1
mv2
2
Rotational K.E. =
1 2
I
2
i.e., = (d / dt )
Similarly, the angular acceleration is defined as the
rate of change of angular velocity, i.e.,
d
d2
=
=
dt
dt 2
Let a body be rotating with constant angular
1 2
t
2
and 2 = 02 + 2
These equations are similar to usual kinematics
equation of translatory motion.
0 = 0t +
v = u + at, s = ut +
1 2
at
2
and
v2 = u2 + 2as
Problem Solving Strategy : Rotational Dynamics for
Rigid Bodies :
Our strategy for solving problems in rotational
dynamics is very similar to the strategy for solving
problems that in involve Newtons second law.
30
SEPTEMBER 2009
Solved Examples
1.
R
O
(a)
(b)
constant angular velocity = 0.40 rad/sec. Find the
modulus of the velocity of the particle and modulus
and direction of its total acceleration.
Sol. Consider X and Y axes as shown in fig. Using sine
law in triangle CAO, we get
r
R
r
R
=
or
=
sin( 2)
sin
2 sin cos
sin
r = 2 R cos
Now r = r cos i + r sin j
= 2 R cos2 i + 2R cos sin j
dr
d
d
= 4R cos sin
i + 2R cos 2
j
Now, v
dt
dt
dt
= 2 R sin 2 i + 2 R cos 2 j
|v| = 2 R
Further
dv
d
d
= 4 R cos 2
a=
i 4 R sin 2
j
dt
dt
dt
= 4 R 2 cos 2 i 4R 2 sin 2 j
|a | = 4 R2
R sin
mv2/r
mg
R cos
R
r
h=9.8 cm
SEPTEMBER 2009
Now L =
L2
5
3
0
(4 2 + 3 2 ) = 5m.
l
L = 10 5 5 = 250 kg-m2/sec.
From figure it is obvious that angular momentum in
first case always has same direction but in second
case the direction changes.
I2 2 = 2IE or I =
(2IE)
(2IE)
F
X
= r F = (i l cos + j l sin ) (j F)
= l F cos k
| | = l F cos
We know that = 1
1
Here I = m l2 (for rod) and = (d/d)
3
1
l F cos =
m l2 . (d/d)
3
1
m l2 . d
or l F cos d =
3
Integrating within proper limits, we have
1
lF
cos d = m l2 d
0
0
3
...(2)
...(3)
= 2 rev/sec = 2 2
or 4 radian/sec.
1
2
2
E=
1 (4) = 8 joule
2
( 2 1 8 2 )
= (16 2 ) = 4
= 12.57 kg.m2/sec.
(b) When the rate of rotation is doubled, i.e., 4
rev/sec or 8 radians/sec, the kinetic energy of
rotation is given by
1
E=
1 (8)2 = 322 joule
2
Additional work required
= Final K.E. of rotation Initial K.E. of rotation
= 322 82
= 24 2 = 236.8 joule
3.
L1
(2IE) =
l F sin =
32
1
m l2(2/2)
3
6 F sin
ml
SEPTEMBER 2009
KEY CONCEPT
ALIPHATIC
HYDROCARBON
Organic
Chemistry
Fundamentals
C=C
R
C=C
+ H2O +
HO
OAc) 2
CH 3 (CH 2 ) 2 CH = CH 2 Hg
(
THF H 2 O
1 Pentene
(15 s )
4
CH3(CH2)2 CH CH 2
NaBH
OH
|
|
(1 h )
OH HgOAc
+ CH3COH
Hg OCCH3
HO
CH3(CH2)2 CHCH 3 + Hg
|
OH
+ OH + NaBH4
2-Pentanol (93%)
Hg OCCH3
C C + Hg + CH3CO
OH
HgOAc
Hg(OAc)2
THF-H2O
(20 s)
1-Methylcyclopentene
H3C
NaBH4
OH
OH
+ Hg
(6 min)
1-Methylcyclopentanol
H3C
CH3
HO
HO
Step 2 : Demercuration
CC
R C C H
(2) NaBH4, OH
O
CC
H H
(1) Hg(OAc)2/THFH2O
+
HO H
Step 1 : Oxymercuration
||
OCCH
Hg
3 2
33
SEPTEMBER 2009
CH 3
|
(1) Hg ( OAc ) 2 / THF H 2 O
CH 3C CH = CH 2
( 2 ) NaBH 4 , OH
|
CH 3
3, 3-Dimethyl-1-butene
CH 3
|
CH 3C CHCH 3
|
|
CH 3 OH
3,3-Dimethyl-2-butanol (94%)
Analysis of the mixture of products by gas
chromatography failed to reveal the presence of any
2,
3-dimethyl-2-butanol.
The
acid-catalyzed
hydration of 3, 3-dimethyl-1-butene, by contrast,
gives 2, 3-dimethyl-2-butanol as the major product.
A mechanism that accounts for the orientation of
addition in the oxymercuration stage, and one that
also explains the general lack of accompanying
rearrangements. Central to this mechanism is an
HB
Alkene
hydroboration
anti-Markovnikov
H
+
HB
Alkylborane
CH3CH = CH2
THF
(tetrahydrofuran)
Propene
1,2-Propanediol
(propylene glycol)
cold
OH, H2O
H2C CH2
OH OH
+
2H B O
Ethene
1,2-Ethanediol
(ethylene glycol)
BH3 : THF
CH3CH CH2
OH OH
H
Diborane
H
+ enantiomer
H
B2H6 + 2 O
CC
Boron hydride
CH3
34
SEPTEMBER 2009
Pyridine
+
O
Os
O
O
An osmate ester
Os
OH
C=C
CC
O
+
O
H2O
several
steps
O
Mn
25C
pyridine
O
Os
O
+ MnO4 cold
O
Mn
NaHSO3
H2O
OH
OH
OH
OH
cis-1,2-Cyclopentanediol
(a meso compound)
OH
H
H
OH
H
+ enantiomer
OH
H
2-
1-2-Epoxycyclopentane
cis-1,2-Cyclopentanediol
(a meso compound)
H2O
OH
OH OH
MnO2
O
O
The syn stereochemistry of these dihydroxylations
can readily be observed by the reaction of
cyclopentene with osmium tetroxide or potassium
permanganate. The product in either case is cis-1,2cyclopentanediol.
+ OsO4
H
O+
H
H
OH
H
trans-1,2-Cyclopentanediol
CC
Mn
1-2-Epoxycyclopentane
OH OH
+ H
O
H
CC
O
Os
CC
NaHSO3
H2O
H + H
O
35
SEPTEMBER 2009
KEY CONCEPT
Inorganic
Chemistry
Fundamentals
Oxygen :
Oxygen occurs as two non-metallic forms, dioxygen
O2 and ozone O3. Dioxygen O2 is stable as a diatomic
molecule, which accounts for it being a gas. The
bonding in the O2 molecules is not as simple as it
might at first appear. If the molecule had two
covalent bonds, then all electron would be paired and
the molecule should be diamagnetic.
O + O
CH CH
or O = O
*py*pz
State
singlet
First excited
state (electrons
paired )
singlet
Ground state
(electrons have
parallel spins)
triplet
Energy /kJ
157
92
36
SEPTEMBER 2009
:O:
:O :
O
:O:
O
O
O
A more stable, asbestos-like phase (-SO3) has
infinite helical chains of linked SO4 tetrahedra and
the most stable form, -SO3, which also has an
asbestos-like appearance, presumably has similar
chains crosslinked into layers.
O
O
O
SOSOSO
O
S4N4 + 8S + 12NH4Cl
N
S
37
SEPTEMBER 2009
Chemistry Facts
38
SEPTEMBER 2009
UNDERSTANDING
Inorganic Chemistry
1.
(v) 3Mg + N2
Mg 3 N 2
(H)
NH3 + HCl NH 4 Cl
White fumes
4
(ii) Yellow solution of (B) H2SO
(D)
. HCl
(1) X Conc
Dissolves NaOH
White ppt.
conc.
(F)
Excess
+ H2O
NaOH
Colourless gas
( D)
S
(2) X
Green residue
2O
H
( H)
Brown
NH 4 ) 2 Sx
(
Dissolves
HCl
Grey ppt.
White solid
( I)
2
(3) X
Heat
Soluble in
conc. H 2SO 4
NaOH
Soluble H
Fused
( A)
(Y)
Amm. thiostannate
( B)
yellow solution
Grey ppt .
(b) Step (1) and (3) can also be explained, if (X) is tin
Sn + 2HCl SnCl2 + H2
( C)
Orange solution
(X)
(D)
Strongly reducing
Fuse
(c) Sn + O2
SnO 2
(E )
(Z)
Fuse
SnO2 + 2NaOH
Na2SnO3 + H2O
Na2SnO3 + 2HCl H 2SnO 3 + 2NaCl
(G )
39
SEPTEMBER 2009
3.
(A)
5H 2O
White ppt .
(D) ppt.
Cu 2 I 2 + 2KI
(D)
Yellow unstable
(C)
+ (NH4)2SO4
CuSO4.Cu(OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4 + 6NH4OH
2[Cu ( NH 3 ) 4 ] SO 4 + 8H2O
(C)
(B)
Cu(OH)2
CuO
( J ) Black ppt.
+ H2O
CH2OH(CHOH)4CHO + 2CuO
CH2OH(CHOH)4COOH + Cu 2 O
( K ) Re d ppt .
2K[CuI 2 ]
(E) Pot. cuprous iodide
4.
Green
2CuI2 Cu 2 I 2 + I2
( A ) Blue
( B)
Moisture
( B) White
5.
40
Soluble
CrO2Cl2 + 4NaOH
Na 2 CrO 4
(C) yellow solution
+ 2NaCl + 2H2O
Na2B4O7
NiO + B2O
3
2 NaBO 2 +
Transparent bead
Ni(BO 2 ) 2
Nickel meta borate (Brown)
B2O3
[Oxidising flame]
Ni(BO2)2 + C
Ni + B2O3 + CO [Reducing flame)
Grey
+ CO2 + H2O
+ 4NaCNO + 2H2O
41
SEPTEMBER 2009
Set
`t{xt|vt V{txzx
This section is designed to give IIT JEE aspirants a thorough grinding & exposure to variety
of possible twists and turns of problems in mathematics that would be very helpful in facing
IIT JEE. Each and every problem is well thought of in order to strengthen the concepts and
we hope that this section would prove a rich resource for practicing challenging problems and
enhancing the preparation level of IIT JEE aspirants.
By : Shailendra Maheshwari
S ol ut i o ns wi l l be p ubl i s he d i n ne x t i s s ue
Joint Director Academics, Career Point, Kota
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
9.
p x
Pi Day
On Pi Day (March 14 or 3-14) in 1879, a baby was
born in Ulm, Germany to a German couple whose
Prove that
a x ln x
a x dx
f +
dx = lna f +
x a x
x a x
0
0
6.
7.
zx z 2
x2 x
e4
dz =
x
function f(x) =
zx z 2
solving it.
8.
of twenty-one digits of
a2 7
+
= 2
Find the set
that = 4 and
1
1
a 4
of values of a for which , (1, 4)
42
SEPTEMBER 2009
MATHEMATICAL CHALLENGES
SOLUTION FOR AUGUST ISSUE (SET # 4)
1.
2.
Let x2 + y2 = a2
....(1)
and x2 + y2 + 2gx + c = 0
....(2)
are two circles they cut orthogonally.
Hence c a2 = 0
so from (2) x2 + y2 + 2gx + a2 = 0
...(3)
Let P (a cos , a sin ) be any point on 1st circle. Its
polar w.r.t. 2nd circle is
a x cos + a y sin + g(x + a cos ) + a2 = 0 ....(4)
other end of diameter of 1st circle through P is
Q( a cos , a sin )
This satisfies eqn. ..(4)
Hence proved.
3.
ln (1 2u cos x + u
) dx ;
I ( u) = ln (1 + 2u cos x + u 2 ) dx
0
Use
f ( x ) dx =
f (a x) dx
0
I (u) = I (u)
I (u) + I ( u)
ln (1 2u cos x + u
) (1 + 2u cos x + u 2 ) dx
I (u) =
ln [(1 u
2 2
) 4u 2 cos 2 x ] dx
ln[1 + u
+ 2u 2 4u 2 cos 2 x ] dx
ln[1 2u
cos 2 x + u 4 ] dx
Now let 2x = y
C
r r r
r r
r r
so BH AC ( h b).c = 0 h . c = b . c
r r r
r r
r r
BH AD ( h b).d = 0 h . d = b . d
r r r
r r r r
( h c).b = 0 h . b = c . b
CH AB
r r r
r r r r
and CH AD ( h c).d = 0 h . d = c . b
r r
r r r
r r
so b . d = c . d (b c) . d = 0
...(1)
so BC AD , proved.
(u) + I ( u) =
1
I (u2) +
2
2 ln[1 2u
cos y + u 4 ] dy
Now let y = 2 t
0
I (u) + I ( u) =
1
1
I (u2) +
ln[1 2u 2 cos t + u 4 ] ( dt)
2
2
1
1
= I (u2) + I (u2)
2
2
2I (u) = I (u2) as I(u) = I ( u)
(or using f (2a x) = f (x) Prop).
1
so I (u) = I(u2)
2
1
ln[1 2u 2 cos y + u 4 ] dy
2
43
n
1
1
I (u2) = n I(u 2 )
2
2
SEPTEMBER 2009
4.
Let f(x) = (x ) (x )
so f(n) f (n + 1) = (n ) (n ) (n + 1 )(n + 1 )
= (n ) (n + 1 ) (n ) (n + 1 )
= [n (n + 1) n( + ) + ] [n(n + 1)
n ( + ) + ]
= [n (n + 1) + na + b ] [n (n + 1) + an + b ]
= (m ) (m ) ; let m = n(n + 1) + an + b
= f (m)
5.
using (2) in it
(x ae)2 + e2 (x2 a2 ) = 0
(1 + e2) x2 2ae x = 0
2ae
x=0&x=
1+ e2
so other point on x- axis through which this conic
2ae
passes is
,0 which is a fixed point.
1+ e2
Hence proved.
8.
( x y) 2
f (c h ) f (c)
h 0
h
h
f c 1 f (c)
c
;c0
= lim
h 0
h
f ( 2c )
f (1 + h / c) f (c)
2
= lim
h 0
h
h
f ( 2c ) f 1 2 f ( c )
c
= lim
h 0
2h
y
. d(x/y) +
x
x ( x dy + y dx ) y ( ydx + x dy) xy(dx dy)
h
f (2c) f 1 f (2c)f (1)
c
;
= lim
h 0
2h
f (c) = lim
1 1
c . Hence proved.
t1 t 2
6.
y dx x dy
x 2 dy y 2 dx
+
=0
xy
( x y) 2
y ( y dx x dy)
y2
x 2 dy + xy dx xy dx y 2 dx xydy + xydy
( x y) 2
=0
d ( x / y) x. d ( xy) y d ( xy) xy d ( x y)
+
=0
x/y
( x y) 2
d ( x / y) ( x y) d ( xy) xy d ( x y)
+
=0
x/y
( x y) 2
xy f ( x ). f ( y)
)
(using x = 2c & y = 1 in f =
2
2
h
f 1 f (1)
f (2c) f ' (1)
c
= f (2c) lim
=
2h
h 0
2c
.c
c
f (2c) f ' (1)
=
; as given f(1) = f(1)
2c
x f (c)
f (c ) =
2c
So f(x) is differentiable for x R except x = 0
f (x)
Now f(x) =
x
f ' (x )
1
=
f (x )
x
xy
d ( x / y)
= 0
+ d
x/y
xy
xy
ln (x/y) +
=c
xy
7.
Let x = c R
Let
x2
y2
so ln f(x) = ln x + ln c
f(x) = cx
xy f ( x ) f ( y)
Now as f =
2
2
44
SEPTEMBER 2009
let y = 1 in it
2. f(x/2) = f(x) (f(1)
cx
2
=cx f(1)
2
so f(1) = 1 as c 0
so f(x) = x
9.
10.
1
1
sin x
sin 3x
sin 9x
tan x +
+
+
= tan 27 x
2
2
cos 3x cos 9x
cos 27 x
L.H.S. : Consider on
1
1 sin x
sin x
sin x
=
+
tan x +
2
cos 3x 2 cos x
cos 3x
sin x cos 3x + 2 sin x cos x
=
2 cos x cos 3x
2 sin x cos 3x + 2 sin 2x
=
4 cos x cos 3x
sin 4x sin 2x + 2 sin 2x
4 cos x cos 3x
sin 4 x + sin 2x
=
4 cos x cos 3x
2 sin 3x cos x 1
=
=
tan 3x
4 cos x cos 3x 2
1
1
sin 3x
similarly tan 3x +
= tan 9x
2
cos 9x 2
1
1
sin 9 x
= tan 27
and tan 9x +
2
cos 27 x 2
on adding all these we get
1
sin 3x sin 3x
sin 9x
+
+
=
(tan 27x tan x)
cos 3x cos 9x
cos 27 x 2
Proved.
45
SEPTEMBER 2009
Students' Forum
Experts Solution for Question asked by IIT-JEE Aspirants
MATHS
2.
A2
A3
A1
1
Similarly,
(PA )
r
= 2n 2
= Re [e i1 + e i 2 + ....... + e i n ]
n
2
e i1 1 e i n
= Re
2
i
n
1 e
2
n
i1
e (1 1)
= Re
=0
2
i
1 e n
n
Hence,
(PA )
r
= 2n = constant.
k=
r =1
3.
Q 2 1 = 3 2 = ..... = n n1 =
1
a +b+c
(a + b + c) 2
a +b+c
= a + b + c Hence proved
cos r = Re Cis r
r =1
r =1
where LHS =
r =1
Now,
cos
r =1
1
a +b+c
Let Ar C is r, r = 1, 2, ......, n.
PAr = |Cis r Cis 0| = |(cosr 1) + i(sinr)|
PAr2 = (cos r 1)2 + (sinr)2
= 2 2cos r
and
An
46
1
2870
SEPTEMBER 2009
a c = ae2
Thus required area = b (ae2)
= abe2
20
Now, P(A) =
P(E x ).P(A / E x )
x =0
20
kx 2 .
x =0
20
x
k
=
x3
20 20 x = 0
2
= 9 = 4 sq. units.
3
1
63
20(20 + 1)
= 82
20 2870
2
and
P(E1/A) =
5.
P(E1 ).P(A / E1 )
P(A)
1
1
(1) 2 .
1
20 =
= 2870
63
44100
82
4.
(3a,f(3a))
Case I. (b) : 1 < a < 2 < 3a
2
i.e.,
< a < 2, then
3
3 = min f = min{f(1), f(2)}
= min {1 6a 9a2 + 7, 8 24 a + 18a2 + 7}
= 1 6a 9a2 + 7
as 1 6a 9a2 + 7 < 8 24a + 18a2 + 7
i.e., 3a2 2a + 1 > 0, which is true
Hence 3 = 1 6a 9a2 + 7
1
a = 1 or , none of which is possible.
3
Case I(c) : 3a 2
3 = min f = min{f(1), f(3a)}
= {1 6a 9a2 + 7, 18a3 + 7}
= 1 6a 9a2 + 7,
as 18a3 + 77 1 6a 9a2 + 7
i.e., 18a3 + 9a2 + 6a + 170
1
which is true as a > 0. Hence a = 1 or ,
3
1
in which a =
is permissible.
3
Case II : a < 0
2 is always in the right of a
Case II (a) a 1
3 = min f = f(1)
1
a = 1, as a =
3
Hence a = 1 is one possibility
y
(b, 0)
(c, 0)
(a, 0) (b, 0)
(b, 0) (a, 0)
(c, 0)
(b, 0)
Therefore, we can let the ellipses be
x2
a2
y2
b2
= 1
y2
=1
b
c2
Required area = ab bc
= b (a c)
Now b2 = a2 (1 e2) and c2 = b2 (1 e2) (1 e2)2
c = a (1 e2)
and
x2
47
SEPTEMBER 2009
(3a,f(3a))
1
5
= , we get
10
2
1
h 10
h=
+ 53
2
2
Putting cot =
4h = h 10 + 106
3h = 96
h = 32 m
(a,f(a))
Case II (b) 3a 1 < a
1
1, as a =
3
3 = min f = f(a) = a3 6a3 + 9a3 + 7
4a3 = 4 a = 1, not possible
Case II(c) 1 < 3a 3 = min f = min {f(1), f(a) }
= min {1 6a 9a2 + 7, 4a3 + 7}
= 4a3 + 7,
as 4a3 + 7 < 1 6a 9a2 + 7
as (a + 1)2 (4a + 1) < 0. Hence a = 1, not possible
Hence a = 1 or a = 1/3
6.
G
D
90
10
F
B
A 5 E
48
Now, h = KH + HF
= (CH) tan (90 ) + (BE) tan(90 )
(Q HF = CE)
= [DG + (BA + AE) cot
= [KG cot + (48 + 5)] cot
48
SEPTEMBER 2009
MATH
PROBABILITY
Mathematics Fundamentals
Probability :
In a random experiment, let S be the sample space
and E S, then E is an event.
The probability of occurrence of event E is defined as
Some Definitions :
Experiment : A operation which can produce some
well defined outcomes is known as an experiment.
Random experiment : If in each trail of an
experiment conducted under identical conditions, the
outcome is not unique, then such an experiment is
called a random experiment.
Sample space : The set of all possible outcomes in
an experiment is called a sample space. For example,
in a throw of dice, the sample space is {1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6}. Each element of a sample space is called a sample
point.
Event :
An event is a subset of a sample space.
Simple event : An event containing only a single
sample point is called an elementary or simple event.
Events other than elementary are called composite or
compound or mixed events.
For example, in a single toss of coin, the event of
getting a head is a simple event.
Here S = {H, T} and E = {H}
In a simultaneous toss of two coins, the event of
getting at least one head is a compound event.
Here S = {HH, HT, TH, TT} and E = {HH, HT, TH}
Equally likely events : The given events are said to
be equally likely, if none of them is expected to occur
in preference to the other.
Mutually exclusive events : If two or more events
have no point in common, the events are said to be
mutually exclusive. Thus E1 and E2 are mutually
exclusive in E1 E2 = .
The events which are not mutually exclusive are
known as compatible events.
Exhaustive events : A set of events is said to be
totally exhaustive (simply exhaustive), if no event out
side this set occurs and at least one of these event
must happen as a result of an experiment.
Independent and dependent events : If there are
events in which the occurrence of one does not
depend upon the occurrence of the other, such events
are known as independent events. On the other hand,
if occurrence of one depend upon other, such events
are known as dependent events.
P(E) =
=
n(E)
number of distinct elements in E
=
n(S)
number of distinct element in S
Notations :
Let A and B be two events, then
A B or A + B stands for the occurrence of at
least one of A and B.
A B or AB stands for the simultaneous
occurrence of A and B.
A B stands for the non-occurrence of both A
and B.
A B stands for "the occurrence of A implies
occurrence of B".
Random variable :
A random variable is a real valued function whose
domain is the sample space of a random experiment.
Bays rule :
Let (Hj) be mutually exclusive events such that
P(Hj) > 0 for j = 1, 2, ..... n and S =
U H j . Let A be
j=1
Hj
=
P
P(H j )P(A / H j )
n
P(H k ) P(A / H k )
k =1
Binomial Distribution :
If the probability of happening of an event in a single
trial of an experiment be p, then the probability of
happening of that event r times in n trials will be nCr
pr (1 p)n r.
Some important results :
(A)
P(A) =
=
49
P(A) =
=
n(A)
n(S)
B
P(AB) = P(A) . P
A
B
Where P is known as conditional probability
A
means probability of B when A has occured.
Note :
If odds in favour of an event are a : b, then the
probability of the occurrence of that event is
a
and the probability of non-occurrence of
a+b
b
.
that event is
a+b
If odds against an event are a : b, then the
probability of the occurrence of that event is
b
and the probability of non-occurrence of
a+b
a
.
that event is
a+b
(C)
P(AB) + P( AB ) = 1
P( A B) = P(B) P(AB)
P(A B ) = P(A) P(AB)
P(A + B) = P(A B ) + P( A B) + P(AB)
P(A) + P( A ) = 1
0 P(A) 1
(D)
P() = 0
P(S) = 1
If S = {A1, A2, ..... An}, then
P(A1) + P(A2) + .... + P(An) = 1
If the probability of happening of an event in one
trial be p, then the probability of successive
happening of that event in r trials is pr.
If A and B are mutually exclusive events, then
P(A B) = P(A) + P(B) or
P(A + B) = P(A) + P(B)
If A and B are any two events, then
P(A A ) = 0
50
SEPTEMBER 2009
MATH
BINOMIAL THEOREM
Mathematics Fundamentals
Along , Tr + 1 = Tr
(n + 1)a
is not an integer. Let [k] be the
a+x
greatest integer in k. We have
(ii) k =
Tr+1 > Tr
r [k]
In this case there is exactly one greatest term viz.
([k] + 1)th term.
term.
th
n +3
term and
term.
2
or
Pascal Triangle
In(x + a)n when expanded the various coefficients
which occur are nC0, nC1, nC2, .... The Pascal triangle
gives the values of these coefficients for n = 0, 1, 2,
3, 4, 5, ....
n=0
1
Tr +1
n r +1 a
=
Tr
r
x
Tr +1
(n + 1)a r (a + x )
1=
Tr
rx
=
where
k=
a+x
(a + x ) (n + 1)a
|k r|,
r =
rx
rx a + x
(n + 1)a
a+x
(n + 1)a
is an integer. We have
a+x
Tr +1
r < k = [k] + (fraction)
Tr
i.e. T1 < T2 < T3 < ..... < T[k] 1 < T[k] < T[k] + 1
n
+ 1
2
Tr +1
= 1 r = k,
Tr
n
+ 1
2
Tr +1
> 1 r < k (i.e. 1 r < k)
Tr
Tr + 1 > Tr
51
n=1
1 1
n=2
1 2 1
n=3
1 3 3 1
n=4
1 4 6 4 1
n=5
1 5 10 10 5 1
n=6
1 6 15 20 15 6 1
n=7
1 7 21 35 35 21 7 1
n=8
1 8 28 56 70 56 28 8 1
SEPTEMBER 2009
0,
if n is odd
=
n/2 n
(1)
.
C
,
if
n is even
n/2
nx
n ( n 1) 2
+
x
1!
2!
...(2)
Tr + 1 =
...(4)
1
{(1 + a)n (1 a)n} = nC1a + nC3a3
2
+ nC5a5 + ......
n (n 1)......(n r + 1) r
x
r!
1
{(1 + a)n + (1 a)n} = nC0 + nC2a2
2
+ nC4a4 + ....
...(5)
(1 + x)n = 1 nx +
+ ... + (1)r
1 n
[2 0]
2
=2
...(6)
n ( n + 1) 2 n (n + 1)(n + 2) 3
x +
x +
2!
3!
....... +
n ( n + 1)(n + 2)...(n + r 1) r
x + ....
r!
and C0 + C1 + C2 + C3 + ...... + Cn = 2
n!
r !( n r ) !
n ( n 1)(n 2)...(n r + 1)
=
r!
+ (1)r
( 2n ) !
(n r ) !. (n + r ) !
(r + 1)(r + 2) r
x + .....
2!
(2n ) !
( n !)
n ( n + 1)(n + 2)...(n + r 1) r
x + ...
r!
(1 x)n = 1 + nx +
C0 + C2 + C4 + ... = C1 + C3 + C5 + .... = 2n 1
n ( n + 1) 2 n (n + 1)(n + 2) 3
x
x
2!
3!
Where nCr Cr =
n ( n 1)(n 2) 3
x + ..... ...(7)
3!
...... +
52
(r + 1)(r + 2) r
x + ....
2!
SEPTEMBER 2009
IIT-JEE 2010
XtraEdge Test Series # 5
Time : 3 Hours
Syllabus : Physics : Laws of motion, Friction, Work Power Energy, Gravitation, S.H.M., Laws of Conservations of Momentum,
Rotational Motion (Rigid Body), Elasticity, Fluid Mechanics, Surface Tension, Viscosity, Refl. At Plane surface, Ref. at Curved
surface, Refraction at Plane surface, Prism (Deviation & Dispersion), Refraction at Curved surface, Wave Nature of Light:
Interference. Chemistry : Gaseous state, Chemical Energetics, Oxidation-Reduction, Equivalent Concept, Volumetric Analysis,
Reaction Mechanism, Alkane, Alkene, Alkyne, Alcohol, Ether & Phenol, Practical Organic Chemistry, Aromatic Hydrocarbons,
Halogen Derivatives, Carboxylic Acid & Its Derivatives, Nitrogen Compounds, Amines, Carbohydrates, Amino Acid, Protein &
Polymers. Mathematics : Logarithm & Modulus Function, Quadratic Equation, Progressions, Binomial Theorem, Permutation &
Combination, Complex Number, Indefinite Integration, Definite Integration, Area Under the Curve, Differential Equations.
Instructions :
Section - I
Question 1 to 6 are multiple choice questions with only one correct answer. +3 marks will be awarded for correct
answer and -1 mark for wrong answer.
Question 7 to 10 are multiple choice questions with multiple correct answer. +4 marks and no negative marking for
wrong answer.
Question 11 to 14 are Reason and Assertion type questions with only one correct answer in each. +3 marks will be
awarded for correct answer and -1 mark for wrong answer.
Question 15 to 23 are passage based single correct type questions. +4 marks will be awarded for correct answer and
-1 mark for wrong answer.
PHYSICS
2m
1m
4 Kg
1.
2.
3.
5 Kg
(A) 2.1 rad/s2
(C) 1.2 rad/s2
4.
53
2h1
d1
g
d
2 d1
(B) t =
2h1
(C) t =
2h1
d
1
g
d
(D) t =
2h1
d
2
g
d1
SEPTEMBER 2009
5.
6.
9.
(A)
n
2
(B) n
1
1
(D) n +
(C) n +
2
2 2
8.
11
SEPTEMBER 2009
= 1.5
=2
(A) 15 cm divergent (B) 20 cm divergent
(C) 15 cm convergent (D) 20 cm convergent
g m
fm increase if
m
1
2
3
(A) 70 cm divergent
(C) 72 cm divergent
> (g 1)
g m
fm decreases if
m
< (g 1)
g m
= (g 1)
and fm = fa if
m
(c) If m = g, the lens is invisible and behaves as a
plane glass.
= 1.5
= 1.5
=1
The focal length of the lens is
(A) 15 cm divergent (B) 20 cm divergent
(C) 15 cm convergent (D) 20 cm convergent
(B) 70 cm convergent
(D) 72 cm convergent
55
SEPTEMBER 2009
H
x
(A) x =
h (H h )
(B) x =
(C) x = 2 h (H h )
[h (H h ) / 2]
(D) x = 4 h (H h )
Fig. (1)
The rolling of a cylinder as a combination of the
centre of mass and rotation of centre of mass about
its axis is shown in fig. (2)
Q vcm = R
Q
Q
vcm
2vcm
C v
cm
P
H
(B) H/h
A
a
(C) H h
(2gh )
(C)
[2gh (H1 H 2 )]
(D)
A g
[ H1
a 2
(D) H/2
Pure rotation
Combined motion
v
C
(B) 2v,
2 v and zero
(D) 2v,
2 v and
2v
H2 ]
C v
cm
2
[ H1 H 2 ]
g
(B)
C
P
R = vcm
Fig (2)
vcm
Pure translation
(A) 2h
vcm
Q
P
SEPTEMBER 2009
(A) 600 K
(C) 200 K
(A)
5.
(B)
F
C
f
F
(D) Cannot be interpreted
(C)
f=0
CHEMISTRY
(B)
C=C
CH3
1.
C
F
(C)
CH3
CH2CH=CHCH2
(B) 400 K
(D) 120 K
CH3
(D)
(B)
CH=CH
CH3
(D)
(C)
6.
CH3
2.
(CH3)3CO
A,
CH3
(B)
CH = CH CH CH3
7.
CH3
(C)
CH2 CH = C CH3
CH3
gas C
3.
Z
1
gas A
Ideal gas
gas B
P
57
SEPTEMBER 2009
8.
(A) If both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the
correct explanation of (A).
(B) If both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the
correct explanation of (A).
(C) If (A) is true but (R) is false.
(D) If (A) is false but (R) is true.
11. Assertion (A) : The heat absorbed during the
isothermal expansion of an ideal gas against vacuum
is zero.
Reason (R) : The volume occupied by the molecules
of an ideal gas is zero.
HBr / Boiling
OH product.
9.
(C)
(B)
Br
Br
(D)
(A)
O
(C)
(D)
CH3
CH3
58
SEPTEMBER 2009
CH3
P HCN/NH4Cl
H3O+/ (R) -amino acid
CHCl3 + NaOH
(zwitter ion)
O
O2
(C) CH3CH2OCH2CH3
h
H
Isomerisation
Al2 O 3 /
(D) CH3CH2OCH2CH3
CH3 CHCl2
OH Q
18. Product P is OH
OH
(A)
CHO
(B)
CHO
OH
OH
OHC
CHO
(C)
CH3
|
CH3CH2OCHCH3
CHO
(D)
(III)
CH3
CH3
19. Product R is OH
OH
CHCH2COO
CHCOO
(B)
(A)
NH3
NH3
CH3
CH3
O
OH
CHCOOH
(C)
CH3
(D)
CHO
CHO
CHCl2
A. Product molecule A is -
(C) CH3CH=C
|
CH3
(D)
CH3 CHO
CH3
|
(D) CH3CH2C
|
OSO3H
OH
|
(B) CH3CH2C
|
CH3
CH3
Conc.H SO
2
4
CH3
|
(A) HOCHCH
|
CH3
CH3
CH3
OH
(C)
CHCOO
OH
(B)
OH
NH3
20. Product Q is OH
(A)
23.
NH3
CH3
|
OCHCH
|
CH3
CH3
|
CH3CH2OCCH3
|
(IV)
CH3
59
SEPTEMBER 2009
MATHEMATICS
Questions 1 to 6 are multiple choice questions. Each
question has four choices (A), (B), (C) and (D), out of
which ONLY ONE is correct.
1.
2.
7.
dx
4
1 1
1
(A) 4
a2 + x2 3
a x
3x
(B)
8.
, then I equals
a2 + x2
1 1
1
a2 + x2 3 a2 + x2
4
a x
3x
1 1 2
1
a + x2
a2 + x2
4 x
a
2 x
(D) None of these
(C)
9.
a +x +C
3/ 2
+C
( x a )( x b)
will assume
xc
3/ 2
+C
cos 8x cos 7 x
dx is expressed as
1 + 2 cos 5x
K sin 3x + M sin 2x + C then
(A) K = 1/3
(B) K = 1/3
(C) M = 1/2
(D) M = 1/2
If
dx
A
=
+ B (a 0). Then
1 cos cos x
sin
possible values of A and B are
(A) A = , B = 0
(B) A = , B =
2
4
4 sin
(D) A = , B =
(C) A = , B =
6
sin
sin
If
(A) 1/x = 2 y2 + C e y / 2
(B) the solution of an equation which is reducible to
linear equation
(C) 2/x = 1 y2 + ey/2
3.
x + 20
If I =
(x sin x + 5 cos x)
(A)
x
+ tan x + C
cos x ( x sin x + 5 cos x )
(B)
(D) e y
x
+ cot x + C
sin x ( x sin x + 5 cos x )
If I =
1/ 3
1 1
(B) + 3 / 2
(D) None of these
(A) 3 / 2
(C) 0
5.
6.
The sum
10
C j ) (jCi) is equal to
11
0 i < j10
10
(A) 2 1
(C) 310 1
/ 2 1 2x
+ y2 = C
4.
10
(B) 2
(D) 310
60
SEPTEMBER 2009
log t
1+ t + t 2
(A) 0
(C) 1
dt then
F(x) = F(1/x).
1/ x
3
cos t 2 dt (x > 0) at x = 1 is cos 1
2
Reason (R) :
d
dx
( x )
(x)
f ( t ) dt = f((x)) f((x))
(C)
ar (nCr) = k (nC[n/3])
17. If a =
20 ( 10 + 2 )
3
(C) 6/
cos 2 x
sin 2 x + 4 cos 2 x
on
(D) 1/6
13 x 5
2k
2(13 x + 12)
(A) ( , 5)
(C) [log13 5, 1]
k =0
160
r =0
[ n / 2]
(D)
identity xy = a y log a x
where a > 0, a 1.
20 ( 10 + 2 )
r =0
(1)
40
[0, /2] is
(A) /6
(B) 4/
2n
a x
1/ 2
b
1
The square root
[f ( x )]2 dx is called the
a
b
a
log t
Reason (R) : If F(x) =
dt then
1 t +1
F(x) + F(1/x) = (1/2) (log x)2
(B) 1
(D) 2
61
13 x + 5 is
(B) [5, )
(D) [0, log13 5]
SEPTEMBER 2009
IIT-JEE 2011
XtraEdge Test Series # 5
Time : 3 Hours
Syllabus : Physics : Laws of motion, Friction, Work Power Energy, Gravitation, S.H.M., Laws of Conservations of
Momentum, Rotational Motion (Rigid Body), Elasticity, Fluid Mechanics, Surface Tension, Viscosity.
Chemistry : Gaseous state, Chemical Energetics, Oxidation-Reduction, Equivalent Concept, Volumetric Analysis.
Mathematics : Logarithm & Modulus Function, Quadratic Equation, Progressions, Binomial Theorem, Permutation &
Combination, Complex Number.
Instructions :
Section - I
Question 1 to 6 are multiple choice questions with only one correct answer. +3 marks will be awarded for correct
answer and -1 mark for wrong answer.
Question 7 to 10 are multiple choice questions with multiple correct answer. +4 marks and no negative marking for
wrong answer.
Question 11 to 14 are Reason and Assertion type questions with only one correct answer in each. +3 marks will be
awarded for correct answer and -1 mark for wrong answer.
Question 15 to 23 are passage based single correct type questions. +4 marks will be awarded for correct answer and
-1 mark for wrong answer.
PHYSICS
3.
4.
5.
6.
S
u
P
D
A
(A) P will hit C if a = g
(B) P will hit the roof BC if a > g
(C) P will hit the wall CD if a < g
(D) May be either (a), (b) or (c), depending on the
speed of projection of P
2.
GMmr1 r2
r2 r1
(D)
GMmr1r2
(r2 + r1 )
62
SEPTEMBER 2009
8.
(B) v2 v1 =
2
U
Liquid C
Q
Liquid B
T
S
9.
2gh
(C) v2 v1 = 2gh
(D) the energy per unit mass of the liquid is the same
in both sections of the tube
Air
Liquid A
A2
v2
Air
v1
A1
63
SEPTEMBER 2009
2m
2m
B
64
SEPTEMBER 2009
CHEMISTRY
Questions 1 to 6 are multiple choice questions. Each
question has four choices (A), (B), (C) and (D), out of
which ONLY ONE is correct.
1.
2.
(C) RT
4.
8.
9.
3.
7.
(B) p + 2
V
(D) (RT)1
5.
6.
SEPTEMBER 2009
IV
T3 T 2
III
1.4
II
T1
1.2
Z
I
Z 1.0
1.0
1.5
1.6
P
P
(a)
(b)
15.
N
N
(D) Vo Vi
66
SEPTEMBER 2009
8.
9.
MATHEMATICS
Questions 1 to 6 are multiple choice questions. Each
question has four choices (A), (B), (C) and (D), out of
which ONLY ONE is correct.
1.
1
(A) , 0
2
(C) [1, 2)
The equation
x + 3 4 x 1 + x + 8 6 x 1 = 1 has
(A) no solution
(B) only one solution
(C) only two solution (D) more than two solutions
2.
4.
5.
If an =
r =0
Cr
, then
n
an
2
(C) nan
(A)
6.
7 is
(B) (2, 3)
(D) (3, )
1
n
1
log
2
r =0
r
n
Cr
equals
n
an
4
(D) (n 1)an
(B)
(D) (2, 3)
1
10. Let an = 1 + . Then for each n N
n
(A) an 2
(B) an < 3
(D) an < 2
(C) an < 4
3.
(B) [0, 2)
3,
5 and
7.
SEPTEMBER 2009
n (n + 1)
12
22
n2
+
+ .... +
=
(1)(3) (3)(5)
(2n 1)( 2n + 1)
2(2n + 1)
18.
Reason (R) :
1
1
1
1
+
+ ... +
=
(1)(3)
(3)(5)
(2n 1)(2n + 1)
2n + 1
19. (x + x 2 1 )n + (x x 2 1 )n equals
(A) Pn(x)
(B) Pn+1 + Pn1(x)
(C) 2Pn(x)
(D) None of these
and
l1(x) =
( x x 0 )( x x 2 )
( x 1 x 0 )( x 1 x 2 )
l2(x) =
( x x 0 )( x x 1 )
( x 2 x 0 )( x 2 x 1 )
Behavior
l( x )
l( x )
l( x )
+
+
( x x 0 )l(x 0 ) ( x x 1 )l(x 1 ) ( x x 2 )l(x 2 )
equals
(A) 1
(B) x
(C) x2 + x
(D) None of these
1
[Pn+1(x) + Pn1(x)] equals
2x
(A) Pn+2 (x)
(B) Pn1 (x) + Pn(x)
(D) Pn+1(x) Pn(x)
(C) Pn(x)
68
SEPTEMBER 2009
1
A
11
A
21
C
2
B
12
C
22
A
3
A
13
C
23
D
4
A
14
A
5
A
15
A
6
A
16
C
7
A ,B ,C , D
17
C
8
A ,B , C , D
18
C
9
A
19
C
10
A , B ,C
20
D
C H E MI S T R Y
Ques
Ans
Ques
Ans
Ques
Ans
1
C
11
C
21
A
2
B
12
A
22
A
3
D
13
A
23
C
4
C
14
D
5
B
15
C
6
A
16
A
7
B
17
B
8
A ,D
18
D
9
B,C
19
B
10
A ,C
20
C
7
C,D
17
B
8
B,C
18
B
9
A ,B
19
C
10
A ,B , D
20
D
MATHEMATICS
Ques
Ans
Ques
Ans
Ques
Ans
1
A
11
A
21
B
2
B
12
D
22
D
3
A
13
C
23
C
4
C
14
B
5
B
15
C
6
C
16
B
1
B
11
C
21
B
2
B
12
C
22
D
3
A
13
D
23
A
4
D
14
C
5
A
15
C
6
B
16
D
7
A ,B ,C , D
17
A
8
B,C
18
C
9
A
19
A
8
A,C,D
18
A
9
B, D
19
A
10
A ,C , D
20
D
C H E MI S T R Y
Ques
Ans
Ques
Ans
Ques
Ans
1
B
11
C
21
A
2
B
12
A
22
A
3
C
13
B
23
A
4
D
14
C
5
A
15
B
6
C
16
A
7
B, D
17
D
10
A ,C , D
20
C
MATHEMATICS
Ques
Ans
Ques
Ans
Ques
Ans
1
D
11
B
21
B
2
D
12
A
22
D
3
D
13
C
23
A
4
B
14
D
5
A
15
A
69
6
C
16
C
7
A ,B ,C , D
17
A
8
A ,B
18
C
9
A ,B ,C
19
C
10
A,B,C
20
B
SEPTEMBER 2009