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Definition of Painting
Painting is the art of applying
colored pigments on to a flat
surface, like a canvas, paper,
wood or plaster.
Purpose of Painting
Painting
is
an
everyday
experience
advertisements,
magazine illustrations and wall
decorations are part of our daily
landscape. In fact, in the mind of
the general public, the term artist
usually connotes the painter; the
term art usually means painting.
For architecture is popularity
thought of as the science of
construction.
While
sculpture
plays a relatively small part in our
modern lives. Whereas painting
has least to do with purely
practical values, and more to do
with decorative aesthetic values.
Thus, painting is the most widely
practiced and appreciated of all
the three visual arts.
Medium of Painting
Painting
painted
painted
fresco
tempera
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PREHISTORIC ART
The earliest known art forms are
the Cro-Magnon me and allied
Grimaldi
people,
and
other
hunting
societies.
Aurignician
period, named after the village of
Aurignac in South West of France,
starts
about
40,000
B.C.;
Magdalenian, 14000-9000 B.C.,
applies to recent southernmost
French caves, as Font de Gaume;
and northern Spanish caves, as
Altamira.
Cro-Magnon art is widely diffused
over
France,
Spain,
Austria,
Switzerland, Yugoslavia, Sicily and
Southern
Russia.
Recently
discovered rock paintings in the
Sahara
are
also
related
to
Paleolithic Spain.
EGYPTIAN ART
Funerary
arts,
portraits
of
deceased, decoration of tombs;
implements laid into tombs and
sarcophagi
(stone
coffin:
an
ancient stone or marble coffin,
often decorated with sculpture
and
inscriptions).Funerary
sculptures served as substitute
body for mummy of deceased.
Consecrated with Opening of the
Mouth ceremony, and considered
alive. Symbolically, partook of
offering of food. Should mummy
be injured or desecrated, the
statue became the house of the
shadow soul, ka. Canopic jars with
animal or human head, burial jars
for entrails, hearts, children and
animals. Murals portrayed people
in hunting activities or happy
domestic relationships. Substitute
food offerings, banquets with
servants also painted in tomb.
Bas-reliefs covered entrances of
pylon temples, interior of tombs
portrayed
gods
or
favored
activities
of
deceased.
Hieroglyphs arranged in patterns,
part of all-over composition.
MESOPOTAMIAN ART
In
all
its
styles,
Mesopotamian
art
expressed
dynamism
(through wide-open, staring
eyes) and power (through
exaggerated muscles). The
human body reduced to an
ornamental pattern. Animals
often shown fiercely or in
the agony of suffering. A
great sense of ornament
Course: Hum 101B (Art Education)
Prepared by: Ms. Ma. Erica B. Gaytos
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sources of inspiration as
classic
past
and
NeoPlatonism. Early renaissance
linear
and
calm;
High
renaissance painterly and
dramatic.
Scientific
discovery of natural world
results in discovery of the
landscape.
Art
enters
experimental
stage.
New
colors
discovered,
free
brush
strokes
used,
forms
modeled
in
color
and
chiaroscuro,
canvas
introduced.
BAROQUE ART
Baroque art, although in the
service
of
the
Church,
introduced new freedoms in
the treatment of figures and
space. Catholic art is more
dramatic
and
sensual;
Protestant art, except for
genre, is more inward and
mystical. Light and shadow
take precedence over color.
Baroque art is a powerful
affirmative style, filled with
inner energy. It is a period
of
opposing
movement,
religious,
as
well
as
scientific.
ROCOCO ART
Period of American and
French Revolutions
Rococo represented a filmy
ideal of color and eroticism
of motif. Light-hearted and
with a brighter scheme, it
expressed
the
formal
elegance of the Eighteen
Century.
The
Neoclassic
style opposed tis in subject
matter and color exalting
the virtues of classic Rome.
Genre painters studied the
intimate world of the home,
achieved
the
most
painterly
and
honest
works of this period.
ROMANTICISM
After the French revolution
and Industrial Revolution,
the middle classes began to
patronize and enjoy art.
Freedom
of
conscience
followed
political
and
economic freedom. Artists
stressed
their
subjective
reactions to nature, which
became a cult. Rejecting the
ethical
ideals
of
Course: Hum 101B (Art Education)
Prepared by: Ms. Ma. Erica B. Gaytos
Neoclassicism,
Romantic
painters preferred to dream
and to experiment. The
Renaissance ideal of the
artist
an
individual
returned, and with it the
search for originality.
Romanticism, therefore, is a
revolution
in
color
and
subject matter, opened the
way for the artists of the
later Nineteenth Century by
giving them the freedom to
express and to experiment.
REALISM
Modern art starts with the
scientific study of nature by
the Realists which led to a
new,
vast
palette,
new
textures and new subject
matter. Realism is the first
style in which the artists
painted
out
of
doors.
Photography demonstrated
the wealth of forms of
nature which artists studied
in
their
own
way.
Photographers
tried
to
compete
with
painting
rather than vice versa.
MODERN ART
We are the modern men. Yet
what is our inheritance? To
what are we heir?
We
are
the
heirs
to
everything that the Orient
has achieved, during tens of
thousands of years.
We are heirs to everything
that Greece has thought and
felt.
We are the heirs that
everything that Rome has
taken
pleasure
in
and
suffered
We are the heirs to the cries
of victory of the medieval
ages
And of course, we are also
the heirs to the bitter
laughter of triumph and
defeat of the Modern Times
The modern point of view is
conditioned by freedom in
the
political
sphere.
Beginning
with
Impressionism, this sense of
liberation characterized by
protest,
experimentation
and retreat into the inner
self, particularizes modern
art.
Page 4 of 6
SCULPTURE
Definition of Sculpture
Sculpture is the art of producing
statues,
memorials
and
ornaments from stone, metal,
wood or other materials by
carving, molding, casting and
construction.
Course: Hum 101B (Art Education)
Prepared by: Ms. Ma. Erica B. Gaytos
Purpose of Sculpture
Ancient sculpture has a practical
purpose, so it seem as to be more
meaningful than modern sculpture
In prehistoric times, the cavemen
carved weapons with images of
animal to make them more
effective in killing prey
In Egypt and Greece, the sculptors
created statues of gods in human
form, because they believed gods
were created in the image of men.
Materials of Sculpture
1. Stone
2. Metals
3. Wood
4. Ivory
5. Terra Cotta
6. Modern
experiment
in
new
medium (e.g., Cast lead, copper
wire, black porphyry, cast stone,
wrought iron aluminum, glass,
steel plastics).
ARCHITECTURE
Definition of Architecture
Architecture is the science and
art
of
building
houses,
churches, bridges and other
structures.
Purpose of Architecture
Architecture is the only one of
the three visual arts that can
be called practical. Sculpture
and painting can be put to
practical use; but architecture
is always useful.
One of the primary purposes of
Architecture id to satisfy the
fundamental human need for
shelter a need next only to
food among mans instinct for
self-preservation.
It
follows
then that architecture must be
judged by the extent it fills the
need for shelter.
Materials of Architecture
The earliest architects like the
architect
of
today,
used
construction materials that were
close at hand and in good supply.
Wood at the very outset looks like
a workable structural material.
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