NAME

BRAND NAME:
acetylcysteine
GENERIC NAME:
Fluimucil
DOSAGE:
600mg/tab in
75ml H2O
FREQUENCY: BID

CLASSIFICATIO
N
Mucolytic
agent

ACTION

INDICATION

Exerts
mucolyticactio
n through its
free sulfhydryl
group which
opens up the
disulfide bond
s in the
mucoproteins
thus lowering
mucous
viscosity. The
exact
mechanism of
action
inacetaminoph
en toxicity is
unknown. It is
thought to act
by providing
substrate for
conjugation
with the toxic
metabolite

Treatment of
respiratory
affections
characterized
by thick and
viscous
hypersecretio
ns: acute
bronchitis,
chronic
bronchitis and
its
exacerbations;
pulmonary
emphysema,
mucoviscidosi
s and
bronchieactasi
s.

CONTRAINDICAT
ION
Contraindicated
in patient with
severe
hypertension;
severe.
Coronary artery
disease,
hypersensitivity
to pseudo
edephrine,
acrivastine or
any component;
renal
impairment

ADVERSE
EFFECT
Hypersensitivi
ty reactions
have been
reported in
patients
receiving
acetylcysteine
, including
bronchospasm
, angioedema,
rashes and
pruritus. Other
adverse
effects
reported with
acetylcysteine
include
nausea and
vomiting,
fever,
syncope,
sweating,
arthralgia,
blurred vision,
disturbances
of liver
function.

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITY
Monitor
effectivenes
s of therapy
and advent
of adverse
effects.
Instruct
patient in
appropriate
use and
adverse
effects to
report.

NAME

BRAND
NAME:
cholac
GENERIC
NAME:
Lactulose
DOSAGE:
30 ml
FREQUEN
CY: ODAS
if BM >
2x/day

CLASSIFICATI
ON

ACTION

INCIDATION

CONTRAINDICA
TION

ADVERSE EFFECT

laxative

Produces an
osmotic
effect in
colon;
resulting
distension
promotes
peristalsis.
Also
decrease
ammonia,
probably by
a result
bacterial
degradation,
which lowers
the pH of
colon
contents.

Constipation,salm
onellosis.Treatment
of hepaticencephalop
athy

Contraindication
in patients on a
low-galactose
diet.

GI: abdominal cramps,

belching, diarrhea,
flatulence, gaseous
distension, nausea,
vomiting.

Ue cautiously in
patients with
diabetes.

NURSING
RESPONSIBILIT
Y
>monitor
sodium level
for
hypernatremia
, especially in
giving high
doses to treat
hepatic
encephalopath
y.
>monitor
mental status
and potassium
levels when
giving to
patients with
hepaticenceph
alopathy.

NAME

BRAND NAME:
losec
GENERIC NAME:
omeprazole
DOSAGE:
40mg/tab
FREQUENCY:
ODBB

CLASSIFICATIO
N
Antiulcer

ACTION

INDICATION

Inhibits proton
pump activity
by binding to
hydrogenpotassium
adenosine
triphosphatas
e, located at
secretory
surface if
gastric
parietal cells,
to suppress
gastric acid
secretion.

Indicated to
patients with
symptomatic
GERD, erosive
esophagitis,
duodenal
ulcer, active
benign gastric
ulcer,
frequent heart
burn,
laryngitis.

CONTRAINDICAT
ION
Contraindicated
in patients
hypersensitive
to drug or its
components.
Use cautiously
in patients with
hypokalemia,
and respiratory
alkalosis and in
patients on a
low sodium diet.

ADVERSE
EFFECT
CNS: asthenia,
dizziness,
headache
GI: abdominal
pain,
constipation,
diarrhea,flatule
nce nausea,
vomiting
Musculoskeleta
l: back pain
Respiratory:
cough, upper
respiratory
tract infection
Skin: rash

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITY
Drug
increases its
own
bioavailability
with repeated
doses. Drug is
unstable in
gastric acid;
less drug is
lost to
hydrolysis
because drug
increases
gastric pH.
Gastric level
rises in most
patients
during the
first 2 weeks
of therapy.
Monitor
patients for
signs and
symptoms of
low
magnesium
level, such as
abnormal
heart e=rate,

palpitations,
muscle
spasm,
tremors, or
seizures.

NAME

BRAND
NAME:
Cozaar
GENERIC
NAME:
losartan
potassium
DOSAGE:
50mg/tab
FREQUENCY
: ODAM

`CLASSIFICATI
ON
Antihypertens
ive

ACTION

INDIACTION

Inhibits
vasoconstricti
ve and
aldosterone
secretion
action of
angiotension
II by blocking
angiotensin
receptor on
the surface of
vascular
smooth
muscle and
other tissue

For patients
with
hypertensio
n.

CONTRAINDICAT
ION
Contraindicated
in patients
hypersensitive
to drug
Use cautiously
in patients with
impaired renal
failure or
hepatic
function.

ADVERSE
EFFECT
CNS: dizziness,
asthenia,
fatigue,
headache,
insomnia.
GI: abdominal
pain, nausea,
diarrhea,
dyspeptia
RESPIRATORY:
cough, upper
respiratory tract
infection

NURSING
RESPONSBILITIES
Drug can
be used
alone or
with other
antihyperte
nsives.
Monitor
patient;s
blood
pressure
closely to
evaluate
effectivene
ss of
therapy.

cells.
MUSCULOSKELE
TAL muscle
cramps,
myalgia, back or
leg pain.

NAME

BRAND
NAME: lipitor
GENERIC
NAME:
atorvastatin
DOSAGE:
40mg/tab
FREQUENCY:
ODAS

CLASSIFICATI
ON
Antilipidemic

ACTION

INDICATION

Inhibits HMG
CoA
reductase,
an early (and
rate limiting)
step in
cholesterol
biosynthesis.

Indicated in
patients with
clinically evident
coronary artery
disease, to
reduce the risk of
non fatal MI, and
non fatal strokes.
Heterozygous
familial
hypercholesterol
emia

CONTRAINDICAT
ION
Contraindicated
in patients
hypersensitive
to drug and in
those with
active liver
disease or
unexplained
persistent
elevations of
transaminase
levels.

ADVERSE
EFFECT
CNS:
headache,
insomnia

Use cautiously
in patients with
hepatic
impairment or
heavy alcohol
use.

RESPIRATORY
: bronchitis

GI:
abdominal
pain,
constipation,
diarrhea,
dyspepsia,
flatulence,
nausea.

SKIN: rash

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITY
Patient should
follow a
standard
cholesterollowering diet
before and
during
therapy.
Before
treatment,
asses patient
for underlying
causes for
hypercholeste
rolemia and
obtain a
baseline lipid
profile.
Watch for
signs of
myosotis.

NAME

BRAND
NAME:
Biogesic
GENERIC
NAME:
paracetamol
DOSAGE:
500mg/tab
FREQUENCY:
q 4 hrs.

CLASSIFICATI
ON
Analgesic,
anti pyretic

ACTION

INDICATION

Decreases
fever by a
hypothalamic
effect leading
to sweating
nd
vasodilation

Reduces
fever in viral
and bacterial
infections

CONTRAINDICAT
ION
Renal
insufficiency
anemia

ADVERSE
EFFECT
Liver
damage,
asthma, skin
reactions

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITY
Advice
patient to
contact
prescriber
before
taking other
prescription
or OTC
drugs they
may contain
acetaminop
hen and
lead to
toxicity.
Teach
patient signs
of
hepatotoxici
ty such as
bleeding,
easy
bruising and
malaise

NAME

BRAND NAME:
Asaphen
GENERIC
NAME: aspirin
DOSAGE:
80mg/tab
FREQUENCY:
ODAL

CLASSIFICATIO
N

ACTION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICAT
ION

ADVERSE
EFFECT

NSAID

Thought to
produce
analgesia and
exert its antiinflammatory
effect by
inhibiting
prostaglandin
and other
substances
that sensitize
pain
receptors.
Drud may
relieve fever
through
central action
in the
hypothalamic
heatregulating
center. In low
doses, drug
also appears
to interfere
with clotting
by keeping a
platelet-

Indicated in
patients with
rheumatoid
arthritis,
osteoarthritis,
mild pain or
fever,
suspected
acute MI, and
acute
ischemic
stroke.

Contraindicated
in patients
hypersensitive
to drug and in
those with
NSAID-induced
sensitivity
reactions.

EENT: tinnitus,
hearing loss

Use cautiously
with GI lesions,
impaired renal
failure and
severe hepatic
impairment.

GI: nausea, GI
bleeding
Hematologic:
prolonged
bleeding time,
leucopenia,
thrombocytop
enia
Hepatic:
hepatitis
Skin: rash,
bruising,
articaria

NURSING
RESPONSIBILIT
Y
Note for
asthma
Monitor
renal,LFTs and
CBC
Determine
history of
pepticulcers or
bleeding
tendencies

aggregating
substance
from forming.

NAME

BRAND
NAME:
cordarone
GENERIC
NAME:
amiodarone
hydrocholrid
e
DOSAGE:
500mg
FREQUENCY:

CLASSIFICATI
ON
anti
arrhythmic

ACTION
this drug
works on
cardiac cell
membranes
directly in
order to
lengthen the
repolarizatio
n and
refractory
period. As it
relaxes the
smooth
muscles, the
myocardial
blood flow is
also ensured
to be at its
height of
function.

INDICATION
Indicated for

CONTRAINDICAT
ION
contraindicated in

ADVERSE
EFFECT
Gastrointestinal

patients with

patients with

complaints,

the cardiac

Premature

cardiogenic shock;

most commonly

rate and

ventricular

severe sinus-node

nausea,

status of

fibrillation,

dysfunction,

vomiting,

the patient

causing marked

constipation,

sinus bradycardia;

and anorexia,

second- or third-

Ophthalmic

degree

abnormalities

atrioventricular

including optic

block; and when

neuropathy

cardiomyopat

episodes of

and/or optic

hy,

bradycardia have

neuritis, in

Supraventricu

caused syncope

some cases

Unstable
ventricular
tachycardia,
Atrial
fibrillation,
Angina,
Hypertrophic

lar

progressing to

arrhythmias

permanent
blindness,
Cardiovascular
adverse
reactions, other
than
exacerbation of
the arrhythmias,
include the

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITY

Monitor

in giving
amiodaron
e
hydrochlori
de
intravenou

sly.
Monitor the
patient
closely and
refer for
significant
changes since
this is a drug
that has life
threatening
adverse
reactions.
Gasping
syndrome is
common
among
neonates
receiving this
drug.

uncommon
occurrence of
congestive
heart failure and
bradycardia.

Symptoms
may include:
sudden onset
of gasping,
low blood
pressure and
bradycardia.

NAME

BRAND
NAME:
dulcolax
GENERIC
NAME:
bisacodyl
DOSAGE: 1
tab
FREQUENCY:
OD

CLASSIFICATI
ON
Laxative

ACTION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICAT
ION

Expands
intestinal
fluid volume
by increasing
epithelial
permeability

Temporary
relief of acute
constipation
and for
evacuation of
colon before
surgery,
proctoscopic,
sigmoidoscopi
c, and
radiologic
examinations.
Also used to
cleanse colon
before
delivery and
to relieve
constipation
in patients
with spinal
cord damage.

Acute surgical
abdomen, nausea,
vomiting,
abdominal cramps,
intestinal
obstruction, fecal
impaction; use of
rectal suppository
in presence of anal
or rectal fissures,
ulcerated
hemorrhoids,
proctitis.

ADVERSE
EFFECT
Mild
cramping,
nausea,
diarrhea, fluid
and
electrolyte
disturbances.

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITY

evaluate
periodical
ly
patients
need for
continuou
s use of
drug;
bisacodyl
produces
1 or 2 soft
formed
stools
daily.

Give
patient
adequate
fluid
intake
includes
at least 68
glasses/d.

NAME

BRAND
NAME:
Zebeta
GENERIC
NAME:
bisoprolol
fumarate
DOSAGE:
2.5mg/tab
FREQUENCY
: ODAL

CLASSIFICATI
ON
Adrenocepto
r blocking
agent

ACTION
decreas
es heart
rate,
blood
pressur
e,
contract
ile
force,
and
cardiac
workloa
d, which
reduces
myocar
dial
oxygen
consum
ption
and
increase
s blood
flow to
myocar
dium.

INDICATIO
N
indicated
in the
managem
ent of
hypertens
ion. It
may be
used
alone or
in
combinati
on with
other
antihyper
tensive
agents.

CONTRAINDICATI
ON
contraindicated in
patients with
cardiogenic
shock, overt
cardiac failure,
second or third
degree AV block,
and marked sinus
bradycardia.

ADVERSE EFFECT
abdominal
cramps, diarrhea,diz
ziness, fatigue, depr
ession, headache, n
ausea,, impotence,
slow heart rate, low
blood pressure,,
numbness, tingling,
cold
extremities, sore
throat,
and shortness of
breath or wheezing.

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITY

Monitor BP
frequently during
periods of dose
adjustment or drug
withdrawal.

Monitor for and

report severe
hypotension and
bradycardia.
Dosage adjustment
may be required.

NAME

BRAND
NAME:
dolcet
GENERIC
NAME:
tramadol
hydrochor
ide
DOSAGE:
1tab
FREQUEN
CY: BID

CLASSIFICATI
ON
Opioid
agonist

ACTION
Binds to
mu-opoid
receptors
and
inhibits
the
reuptake
of
norepinip
hrine
andseroto
nin

INDICATIO
N
Moderate
to severe
pain

CONTRAINDICATI
ON
Contraindicated
in cases of acute
intoxication with
alcohol,
hypnotics,
narcotics,
centrally-acting
analgesics,
opioids or
psychotropic
drugs.

ADVERSE EFFECT
CNS: Sedation, dizzines
s or vertigo, headache,
confusion, dreaming, s
weating, anxiety,
seizures
CV: Hypotension, tachy
cardia, bradycardia
Dermatologic: Sweatin
g, pruritus, rash, pallor,
urticaria
GI: Nausea, vomiting,
dry mouth, constipation
, flatulence
Other: Potential for abu
se, anaphylactoid reacti
ons

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITY
Assess pain
location and
type and give
before pain
becomes
extreme.
Check urinary
output that may
be cause of
urinary
retention.
Assess for any
allergic reaction.

NAME

BRAND NAME:
myonal
GENERIC
NAME:
eperisone
hydrochloride
DOSAGE: 1tab
FREQUENCY:
TID

CLASSIFICATIO
N
Anti
spasmodic
drug

ACTION

INDICATION

Improvement
of myotonic
conditions
caused by the
following
diseases :
Neckshoulder-arm
syndrome,
scapulohumer
al periarthritis
and low back
pain

CONTRAINDICAT
ION
Contraindicated
to patients
hypersensitive
to drug.

ADVERSE
EFFECT

Gastrointestinal:
Nausea/vomiti
ng,
anorexia,
stomach
discomfort,
abdominal
pain, diarrhea,
constipation
and thirst

urinary:
Urinary
retention,
urinary
incontinence
and
feeling of
residual urine

NURSING
RESPONSIBILIT
Y

hypersensitivit
y: rash

NAME

BRAND NAME:
Span K
GEBERIC
NAME:
potassium
chloride
DOSAGE: 1tab
FREQUENCY:
OD

CLASSIFICATIO
N
Potassium
supplement

ACTION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICAT
ION

ADVERSE
EFFECT

Replaces
potassium
and
maintains
potassium
level.

Treatment of all

contraindicated in
patients with
hyperkalemia since a
further increase in
serum potassium
concentration in such
patients can produce
cardiac arrest and
severe renal
impairment,

Weakness,
heart beat
may be slow
and irregular,
nausea,
vomiting,
diarrhea,

types of
potassium
deficiencies,
particularly
hypochloraemic
or hypokalaemic
alkalosis,
associated with
prolonged or
intensive diuretic
therapy, e.g. in
hypertension,
cardiac failure or
massive edema.

NURSING
CONSIDERATIO
N
Monitor
ECG and
electrolyt
e levels
during
therapy,
Monitor
renal
function
Warn
patient
not to
use salt
substitut
es
concurre
ntly.

NAME

BRAND NAME:
Pradaxa
GENERIC
NAME:
Dabigatran
DOSAGE:
110mg/tab
FREQUENCY:
BID

CLASSIFICATIO
N
Anti coagulant

ACTION
enables the
conversion of
fibrinogen
into fibrin
during the
coagulation
cascade, its
inhibition
prevents the
development
of a
thrombus.
Both free and
clot-bound
thrombin, and
thrombininduced
platelet
aggregation
are inhibited
by the active
moieties.

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICAT
ION

Indicated for
patients at

risk in stroke
in people with
a certain type
of heart
rhythm
disorder.

Contraindi
cated in
patients with an
artificial heart
valve; or
any active
bleeding from a
surgery, injury,
or other cause.

ADVERSE
EFFECT
pain or tight
feeling in
your chest,
wheezing,
difficult
breathing;
swelling of
your face,
lips, tongue,
or throat,
bleeding,
stomach pain,
indigestion,
tarry stool.

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITY
Advice
patient to
avoid
activities
that may
increase
your risk
of
bleeding
or injury.
Do not
stop
taking
Pradaxa
without
your
doctor's
advice. St
opping
the
medicati
on can
increase
your risk
of
stroke.