Rank Russian verb English translation

1.

to be, have

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.

to say, speak
be able
to say, tell, speak
to know, be aware
to become, begin, come
to eat, to be
to want, like
to see
to go, come
to stand, be, stand up
to think
to ask

14.

to live

15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.

28.

29.
30.
31.
32.

to look, watch, see

to sit
to understand; realize
to have, own
to do, make
to take
to do, make, finish
to understand
to seem, appear
to give; let, allow
to go
to see
to remain, stay
to go out, come out,
appear
to give
to work
to love
find oneself, turn out

Aspectual pair (imp/perf)

imperfective, no pair
(see , )
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
no corresponding pair (see
, )
/
/
/
imperfective, no pair
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

33.
34.
35.

36.

37.
38.
39.
40.
41.

42.

43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.

62.

63.
64.

65.

66.
67.

to answer, reply
to think
to mean, signify
to take a look, watch,
inspect
to wait
to lie, be situated
to find, discover, consider
to write
to decide, solve

/
/
imperfective, no pair
/

/
/
/
/
/
/
to return

to count, consider
/
to remember
/
to receive, get, obtain
/
to go, walk
/
be, visit, happen
/
to come, arrive
/
to know, learn, recognize /
to notice, observe
/
to leave, go away
/
to hear
/
to listen, hear
/
to be afraid, fear
/
to look, gaze
/
to sit
/
to read
/
to remain, stay
/
to take; hire
/
to write
/
to begin
/
/
to feel

to lead
/
to be in time, be successful /
/
to continue

to forget
/
to pass, go by, be over
/

68.

to appear, show up

69.
70.
71.
72.

to go out; nurse
to ask
to try
to show, display

73.

to remember, recall

74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
85.

to hold, keep
to call, name
to leave, go away
to approach, come up
to lift, raise
to ask, inquire
to throw
to send, dispatch
to be found, turn up
to put, place, set
to get up, rise, stand up
to play

86.

to follow, come next

87.

to tell, narrate

88.
89.
90.
91.

to sleep
to leave, abandon
to enter, come in
to keep silence

92.

to tell, narrate

93.
94.

to answer, reply
to stand; to become

95.

to stop

96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
101.

to search
to begin
to believe
to appear
to be able
to run, hurry

/
/
/
/
/

imperfective, no pair
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

/
/
/
/
/

/
/
/

/
/
/
/
/
/

102.
103.
104.

105.

106.
107.

to arrive, come
to cry, shout
to open
to happen, occur, take
place
to go, ride, drive, travel
to come, arrive

108.

to rise, climb

109.

to appear, come in sight

110.

111.
112.
113.
114.
115.
116.

to gather together,
assemble; intend
to hit; to find oneself
to take, admit, accept
to depart, set off
to hear
to be able, know, can
to happen

117.

to try, endeavour

118.

119.

120.

121.

122.
123.
124.

to call
to happen, occur, take
place
to be occupied, engage
to lay down, put down,
place
to buy, purchase
to die
to drink

125.

to pass, go; study

126.

127.

128.

129.

to take away, take off;

photograph
to begin
to present, introduce,
imagine
to explain

130.

to pronounce, say, utter

/
/
/
/

/
/
/

/
/
/
/
imperfective, no pair
/
/

/
/

/
/
/
/
/
/

/
/
/

/
/

131.

to please, like

132.

133.

to exist, to be
turn out well, succeed,
manage

134.

135.

136.

to presetn, produce,
introduce
to call, name

137.

to smile

138.

to smile

139.

140.

to laugh
to snatch, seize; be
sufficient

141.

to feel

142.

to bring

143.

to agree, consent

144.
145.
146.

to snatch, seize, suffice

to take, admin, accept
to kill

147.

to offer, propose, suggest

148.

to fit, fall; have to

149.
150.
151.
152.
153.
154.
155.
156.
157.
158.
159.
160.

to drink
to cry, shout
to show, display
to call, send
to ask
to turn out, find oneself
to bring
to return
to demand
to lose
to reach; get, obtain
to report, let know

to fit, fall; have to

/
/

/
/

/
/
/

/
/

/
/
/
/

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

161.
162.
163.

164.

165.
166.
167.
168.
169.
170.

to appear, show up
to fall
to come, arrive, turn out
to accompany, set off;
conduct; spend
to forgive
to beat, hit
to nod
to disappear
to return, give back
to help

171.

to send

172.
173.
174.
175.
176.
177.
178.
179.
180.
181.
182.

183.

184.
185.
186.
187.
188.
189.
190.
191.
192.
193.
194.
195.
196.
197.

to remember, recall
to take breath, to sigh
to sing
to sit down
to stop, cease
to fit, fall; have to
to grant, bestow
to receve, get
to call oneself
to hope
to stretch, extend
to come up, approach; to
fit
to serve
to believe
to look, give a glance
to call, send
to expect, anticipate
to hang
to create, establish
to leave, depart
to look
to study, learn
to talk, speak
to help, assist
to turn
to allow, permit

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
imperfective, no pair (see
, )
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
imperfective, no pair
imperfective, no pair
/
/
imperfective, no pair
/
imperfective, no pair
/
/
/

198.
199.
200.
201.
202.
203.
204.
205.
206.
207.
208.
209.
210.

211.

212.
213.

214.

215.

216.

217.
218.

219.

220.

221.

222.

223.
224.
225.
226.
227.
228.
229.
230.
231.

to meet
to enter, come in
to discover, find out
to carry
to send
to treat, regard, relate
to arise, appear
to repeat
to perish, be killed
to burn
to cry
to move
to add

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
to wonder, be surprised

to act
imperfective, no pair
to hold on, behave
imperfective, no pair
imperfective, no pair (see
to fly
)
to wear
/
to get used to, to grow
/
accustomed to

to call, to telephone
/
to interfere, prevent; mix /
/
to arise, spring up

to wish
/
/
to try, text

/
to come out

to put, place, set

/
to lead, escort; accompany /
to promise
/
to judge, try
imperfective, no pair
to gather, collect
/
to prick
/
to shout, cry out
/
to end
/
to shoot
/

232.
233.
234.
235.

236.

237.

to use, utilize, make use of

to smell
to pass, give, transmit
to get up, stand up, rise
to take off, to photograph,
to rent
to ring, call

238.

to remind, resemble

239.

to think, devise, invent

240.
241.
242.

to fall, drop, decline

to have a talk, speak, tell
to begin, start, set in

243.

to order, command

244.

245.

246.

247.

248.

249.
250.

251.

252.
253.

254.

255.

256.

257.

258.
259.

to start laughing, begin to

laugh
to touch, concern, touch
upon

imperf. and perfective

imperfective, no pair
/
/
/
/
/

/
/
/
/

/
/

to force, compel, make

/
/
to rise, go up, climb, get up

to strike, hit, beat

/
to be understood
imperfective, no pair
/
to meet, be found, occur

to try, attempt, endeavor /

to seize, grasp, catch
/
/
to decline, reject, give up

to take out, pull out,

/
extract, steal

to offer, propose, suggest, /

invite

to set off, start, leave,

/
depart

to start running, to run

perfective, no pair
to smoke
/
to begin, set to, set about

260.
261.

262.

263.

264.

265.

266.

267.

268.

269.
270.
271.
272.
273.
274.
275.

276.

277.

278.

279.

280.

281.

282.

283.

284.

285.

286.

to open, let out, discover

to call in, drop in, visit
to notice, percieve,
observe, take a note

/
/
/

to watch, spy, follow, keep imperfective, no pair (see

an eye
)
to throw oneself, rush,
/
jump
to close, shut, cover up
/
/
to like (as in "I liked")

/
to appeal, apply, address

to order, tell
/
to have, there is/are
imperfective, no pair
to lower, put down, omit /
to be born, arise
/
to save, rescue
/
to excuse, pardon
/
to declar, announce
/
/
to appeal, address

/
to hurry

to observe, watch,
imperfective, no pair
supervise
to be able, manage,
/
succeed
/
to turn out, result in

/
to wake up

to wait, postpone
/
/
to begin to speak,

imperfective, no pair (see

to use, take advantage of
)
/
to repeat

to teach, learn
/
to end, finish, complete

287.

288.

289.
290.
291.
292.
293.

294.

295.

296.

297.

298.

299.
300.
301.
302.

303.

304.

305.

306.

307.

308.

309.

310.

311.
312.
313.
314.

315.

to set about, undertake

/
imperfective, no pair (see
to run, run about
)
to arrange, to make, build /
to breath
imperfective, no pair
to lie down
/
to consist of, be
imperfective, no pair
to call in, drop in, visit
/
to take into consideration, /
settle with

to drive, ride, go, travel

/
/
to stop

/
to meet, be found, occur

to appear, present oneself,

/
arrive
to bring
/
to pay
/
to fall, abate
/
to be well, prosper, thrive imperfective, no pair
/
to allow, permit, enable

to declare, announce
/
to protrude, stick out, hang
imperfective, no pair
about
to catch
/
to gather, collect, put
/
together, pack
to find, discover, consider /
to gather, collect, put
/
together, pack
to come, set in, step on,
/
attack
to pull, draw, haul
/
to throw, fling
/
to dream
/
to want, to feel like
/
to leave, abandon, keep,
/
retain

316.

317.

318.

319.
320.

321.

322.

323.

324.
325.

326.

327.

328.

329.

330.

331.

332.

333.

334.
335.
336.
337.
338.

339.

340.
341.

to give a short laugh, smile /

slightly, grin

to disappear, be lost, be
/
missing
/
to bear, stand, endure

to meet
/
to let, allow, permit, let in /
/
to let go, release

/
to exclaim, cry

imperfective, no pair (see

to tremble
)
to choose, select
/
to press, shake, to reap
/
to be heard (as in "there
/
was a knock [heard] on the

door")
/
to explain

to turn (as in "turn one's

/
eyes upon smth"), turn into
to shove, poke, thrust
/
/
to allow, permit

/
to confess, admit

to make up, put together, /

compose

imperfective, no pair (see

to see
)
to borrow, occupy, secure /
to lose, shed (leaves)
/
to jump, jump up
/
to read
/
to get in, to push, butt in /
/
to send, forward, mail

to build, make, construct /

to let in, to let go
/

342.

343.

344.

345.
346.

347.

348.
349.
350.

351.

352.

353.
354.

355.

356.

357.

358.

359.

360.

361.

362.

363.

364.

365.

366.
367.

368.

/
to say, talk

/
to check, verify, examine

to be ill, worry, be a fan of /

to raise, pick up
/
imperfective, no pair (see
to mean, signify
)
to be said
imperfective, no pair
to try, test
/
to marry
imperf. and perfective
/
to look back, look around

/
to invite

to belong
imperfective, no pair
to build, construct
/
to cross, move, pass,
/
transfer
to be lucky, to convery,
/
carry, drive
to look, look at
/
/
to turn

/
to arrive, reach, get there

to recognize, acknowledge,
/
admit
to enter, join, act, treat
/
/
to be in a hurry

to take out, extract

/
to cost, be worth
imperfective, no pair
(something)
imperfective, no pair (see
to suppose, think
)
to listen to,
/
to mark, note
/
/
to affirm, approve, confirm

to peep in, glance, drop in

369.

370.

371.
372.

to differ, be notable,
distinguish oneself
to jump out, pop out, come
out
to arrive, come
to drive, roll

373.

to grow

374.
375.

376.
377.
378.
379.
380.
381.
382.
383.
384.
385.
386.
387.
388.
389.
390.
391.
392.
393.
394.
395.

to return, give back

to depend
to meet, make the

acquaintance

to sting
to be found, never be at a

loss
to become, get, grow,

happen
to guess, to have the sense

to

to live, reside, spend

to go for a walk, be

outdoors, have time off,

enjoy oneself
to disassemble, unpack, to

look into, examine

to turn (as in "turn one's

eyes upon smth"), turn into

to return, give back

to go and get, to go down,

get off, come off

to sound, ring
to worry, be upset, be

rough

to give, serve

to prepare, train, cook

to feel sorry, pitty, regret

to lie, tell lies

to object, disagree
to prepare for, make ready

for
to change into, turn into,

be reduced to

/
/
imperfective, no pair (see
, )
/
imperfective, no pair
/

/
/
/
/

/
/
/

/
/
/
/
/

/
/
/
/
/
/
/

396.

397.

398.
399.
400.
401.
402.
403.
404.
405.
406.
407.
408.
409.
410.
411.
412.
413.
414.
415.
416.
417.
418.
419.
420.
421.
422.

to endure, suffer, stand,

tolerate
to wave, flap, flutter

/
/

to define, determine

to let out, discharge,

/

release

to come forward, advance, /

appear, perform

/
to look at, consider, regard

move away, walk away,

/
leave, digress

to grow, grow up
/
/

to transfer, translate

to plant
/

to shout, scream, yell

/

to treat, to cost, manage

/
to hand, give out,

/
distribute

to be at war, to fight
/
/
to stop

to have, possess
always imperfective

to sell
/

to argue, dispute
/
to begin to climb, to put

/
one's hand into
to fulfill, carry out, execute, /

make

to be required, be needed

to die, pass away

/
to reach, arrive, come

/
across
to calm down, quiet, settle /

down, abate

/
to approach, near

to fly, flutter
/

to kill
/

423.

424.

425.

426.
427.
428.
429.
430.

431.

432.
433.

434.

435.

436.

437.
438.
439.
440.
441.

442.

443.

444.
445.
446.
447.

448.

449.
450.
451.

452.

453.

to move, advance
to come down, descend,
land, settle

/
/

/
to install, place, mount

to forget
/
to call, invite
/
to be frightened, startled /
to eat
/
to read
/
to ponder, become
/
thoughtful, hesitate

to decide, to solve
/
to give (as a present)
/
/
to change

to bring
/
to be surprised, be
/
astonished

to take away, seize

/
to take up, occupy, borrow /
to prove, demostrate
/
to boil, cook
/
to change, to
/
to catch, to betray, be
/
unfaithful
/
to speed, rush

to stretch, extend
/
to force, compel, make
/
to suffer, be troubled by
/
to write down, record
/
/
to interest

to include, to switch on
/
to strike, startle, affect
/
to keep quiet, be silent
/
/
to open, come to light

/
to direct, aim, send

454.

to memorize, remember

455.

456.

457.
458.
459.

to struggle, fight
to tranport, carry, drive, to
be lucky
to learn, study
to assign, allot, fix
to choose, select

460.

to remind, resemble

461.

to doubt, hesitate

462.

to be glad, happy

463.
464.

to cover
to glance

465.

to seize, capture, thrill

466.

467.

468.
469.
470.
471.

to bring
to compose, make up, put
together
to abuse, reprimand angrily
to buy, purchase
to tap, knock, pound
to change, exchange

472.

473.
474.

475.

476.
477.
478.

479.

480.

481.

482.

/
/
/
/
/
/

/
/
/

/
/

/
/
/
/
/
to examine

to light up, begin to smoke /

to get tired
/
/
to cover, protect, conceal

to stop talking, to hush up /

to bring, acquire, wind up /
to arrive, come
/
/
to confirm

to come down, to go and

/
fetch, descend
to enter, act, treat, behave /
to bring down, fall heavily
/
(of snow)

483.

484.

485.
486.

487.

488.

489.
490.
491.
492.
493.
494.
495.

496.

497.

498.

499.

500.

to bore, bother, pester

to take out, lead out,
remove, grow
to jump, leap, bounce
to create, establish
to be convinced, to make
sure

/
/

/
/
/

/
to hate, detest, abhor

to disappear, vanish
/
to feel, sense
/
to pull, drag, haul
/
to hide, conceal
/
to accomplish, commit
/
to stand still, stop
/
to give, serve
/
to make, carry out,
/
produce

/
to wait till, wait, await

to swim, float
/
to implement, execute,
/
accomplish

/
to set off for, head towards