Diagnostic Study for Development of Zari Embroidery Works

Cluster at Budge Budge-II Block and Surrounding areas of

South 24 Parganas District of West Bengal under.

Small Industries Cluster Development Programme.

(SICDP)

Prepared by
Sri Dipak Kumar Kundu
Cluster Development Executive
&
Manager (Credit)
District Industries Center, South 24 Parganas.

1. THE CLUSTER AND ITS PRODUCTS

Budge Budge II Block, the centre for zari embroidery works Cluster is situated in
the district of South 24 Parganas and is neary 40 KM away from Kolkata. There is
wide network of roads with in the Block H.Q. of Budge Budge II is at vill. & P.O.
Dongaria, dist. South 24 Paraganas which is about 14 KM away from the nearest rail
station at Budge-Budge. Zari embroidery industries are located at all the
Grmpanchayat area of Budge II dev Block but it is mainly concentrated at
Gajapoali, Dongaria Raipur & Kashipur Alampur Grampanchayat. It has also spread
over at the contiguous Block of Budge Budge I Bishnupur I, Bishnupur II and
Falta Block.
Cluster Product :- The embellishing handicraft work of zari embroidery is being done
on the following dress materials in the cluster.
(i) saree (80%)

(ii) salwar / Kameez

(iii) Langar / Ghagra

(iv) Churidar

(v) Punjabi

(vi) Curtains

(vii) Other dress materials like Scarf Etc.

Among the above products zari embroidered Saree is the main product

of the

Cluster. Zari embroidered dress materials have very good potential in the domestic
market as well as in the export market. The distinguishing features of the products of
the Cluster in its low price in compare to other Cluster.
2. HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF CLUSTER AND ITS TURNING POINTS
From the description of Indian we have learnt that use of zari embroidery was an
indispensable part of the dress work by the king & queen. The history of this industry
dates back to past several centuries. Over the years the industry has fared
numerous problems including the threat of extinction but the strong will of crafts
person and the enterprising spirit of some of the people has kept the industry alive in
the face of many onslaughts.

3
Before 1968, there was no existence of zari embroidery industry within Budge II
block area. The economy of this Block was fully based on agriculture. The common
people had to face absolute poverty due to uncertainty of rain and other natural
incidents. Theft, dacoity was the regular event of that area. In 1960, one Sk Samser
Ali of vill. Baratala fled away to Ajmer, Rajasthan due to bad relation with his kith and
kin and took shelter in a family whose members were engaged on zari embroidery
work. He learnt this craft attentively and came back home on 1968. His footstep in
the soil of Budge-Budge had made a revolutionary change in the socio-economic
condition of Budge
Budge-II. He imparted training to a few people of this locality along with his family
members and started his new venture at Baratala. On account of his previous
linkage with the market his factory was going to flourish day by day. A few years later
he shifted his factory to Kolkata for better prospect. But this event did no harm to the
growth of zari embroidery craft as its root had already started to spread into deep.
Thereafter his brother Sk Naosher Ali and some other disciples had been continuing
this work. From this time this craftsmanship had been growing day by day without
any declining trend and became popular means of lively-hood among the people of
Budge-Budge-II, Bishnupur_I & Bishnupur-II and Falta Block area centering Baratala
& Poali as its nucleus. But the growth of the industry became faster since 1998 due
to major boom of demand in the domestic as well as in export market.
Gradually house hold units emerged on account of low Investment in plant and
machinery and increasing no of crafts person. Master crafts person became the
traders and the main linkage to the market. Now they are supplying design and
saree to the household units and pay for the charges incurred by them as per
previous contract. Despite low wages the house holds units are interested to do the
job work as it can be done with the help of all members using sparable time and to
raise their income level to some extent. They dont have to think over marketing
issues. At present 4000 house hold units involving 12000 crafts persons and 500
enterprises involving 8000 workers are in operation. Still now the household units do
not take the help of modern technique of manufacturing process. With the
introduction of contemporary design inputs, strategies market positioning, the
gearing up of the institutional infrastructure the cluster with its unique job work can

4
face global competition by becoming competitive on account of its tremendous
potential in niche market.
3 NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL SCENARIO
Introduction
The handicrafts sector is one of the most vital sectors of our economy, both for
generating employment as well as earning foreign exchange for the country. Zari &
embroidery cluster is also an important part of this sector. It is not only highly labour
intensive but decentralized, having a spread all over the country in the rural & urban
areas. It sustains weaker section of the society, including women.
Raw Material Production Centre
Surat is the home of zari industry in India. It makes embroidery materials for machine
and hand embroidery viz zari thread / kesab, nakshi, salmo, sadi, kangri and badle.
Woven trimmings, flat trimmings, metallic trimmings, fringes, metallic fringes in
different colour and different widths are made. Sequin collar and motifs in elegant
colours and designs are also made. These enhance the beauty of garments.
Accessories are also made for a variety of uses.
There are three types of Zari. Real Zari is made of silver and electro plated with gold.
Zari thread made from this precious metal is used for sarees embroidered apparel
etc. Imitation zari is made from copper. A third variety of zari is called plastic zari
which is made from metallic yarn.
Production Zari in Surat
Year

Products Value

2001.2

450 crore

2002.3

380 crore

2003.4

335 crore

2004.5

275 crore

5
At present total production of zari raw material in India is about Rs. 500 crore. About
55% of these zari raw materials is catered by Surat. Excect Surat zari raw materials
are produced at Barielley, Varanasi, Agra, Jaipur & Barmer.
Typologies of Zari produced at Surat
Type

Percentage of production

Imitation zari

85%

Real zari

10%

Metallic/Plastic zari

5%

Principal production centre in India

Principal production centre of zari embroidery dress materials are the surrounding
area at Chennai. Mysore, Bangalore, Salem, Madurai, Kanzivaram Kumbhokonam in
South, Jaipur, Delhi, Amritsar, Varanasi, Lucknow in North, Kolkata in east and
Mumbai, Nagpur, Surat in the west. 80 to 85% of raw materials produced at Surat is
consumed at these area within the country and about 15% to 20% is sold abroad.
Most of the work on tissue fabric is done mainly in Jhansi, Jaipur, Bareilly, Farukabad
and Kutch.
3.1 International Scenario
Growing use of zari embroidery on western attire has made Indian zari goods
popular in Europe and the U.S. as the rise in exports of these embellishing products
indicate. Data given by Export promotion council for handicrafts (EPCH) is as
follows.

Export to the

During the year

During the year

% of increase

6
Country
U.S.A.
Italy
U.K.

2004-05
Rs. In crore
52
18.60
50.47

2005-06
Rs. In crore
94.79
24.46
64.05

82%
31.5%
26.9%

Total export of zari products from India since 2000-01 is given below.
Years

Total export

Percentage

2000-01

262.07 crore

-------------

2001-02

264.46 crore

00.91%

2002-03

304.46 crore

15.05%

2003-04

210.54 crore

(-)30.81%

2004-05

252.28 crore

19.83%

2005-06

347.05 crore

37.57%

From the above table it is clear that the tendency to wear Indian zari embroidery
product among western women is increasing rapidly. According to EPCH Executive
Director Rakesh Kumar the Indian handicrafts, including zari and imitation jewellery
can become more popular if the American & Europe customers come face to face
with Indian artisans. Hence it may concluded that artisans of zari & embroidery
product are to be taken to western as well as middle East countries and Japan to
participate in road shows and trade fair for the sake of yielding better export
potential.

3.3 Benchmark Cluster Analysis

7
On the basis of information availed from an entrepreneur of central Mumbai zari
embroidery cluster a comparative benchmark analysis is being prepared as follows.
Central Mumbai Zari embroidery cluster
Budge-budge-II Zari embroidery cluster
1. Generally skilled labour earns Rs. 1. Generally skilled labour earns Rs. 80/225/- to 275/- per day and semi skilled to 120/- per day & semi skilled labour
labour earns Rs. 120/- per day.

earns Rs. 30/- to 40/- per day

2. Higher value added products are being 2. Lower value added products are being
made.

made more in compare to lower value

added products.

3. Maximum enterprises use computer 3. Use of CAD is minimum.

aided design.
4. Exporters are directly linked with the 4. Exporters are not directly linked with
cluster.

the cluster.

5. Production is mainly export oriented.

5. Production in mainly domestic market

oriented.

6. Contemporary designs come through 6. This facility does not exist.

exporters, Pvt. Ltd. Company etc.
7. Diversified product range.

7. Limited product range.

8. Raw materials of high quality are used. 8. All kinds of raw materials as available
in the market are used.
9. Presence of large no of B.D.S.
providers.

9. Absence of B.D.S. providers.

As information of Central Mumbai Zari embroidery cluster is limited another cluster of

similar type of products required for benchmark analysis. However, as Chanderi

8
handloom cluster is an artisan based cluster it has been choosen as benchmark. A
comparative statement regarding different aspects is as follows.
Chanderi Handloom Cluster

Budge-Budge-II zari embroidery cluster

1. It is newly born cluster. It has been in

1. It is older cluster weaving in Chanderi operation since 1968.

is reported ever since the Mughal regime
of Jahangir.
2. Here also master craftsmen / traders
2.

Master

craftsmen

traders

are are marketing the product.

marketing the finished product.

3. There is only one co-operative society.
3. There are 10 cooperative societies.
4. There is association of weavers.

4. There is no association of artisan.

5. B.D.S. provider has taken a leading 5. There is no B.D.S. provider.

role.
6. Federation of S.H.Gs manage their 6. No federation of S.H.Gs is there.
own production & marketing directly.
7. Different technological institution such 7. No technological institution is linked
as NIFT, NID are linked with the Cluster.

with the cluster.

Major learning from Bench mark analysis

9
From the above two benchmark analysis the shortcomings of Budge-Budge-II zari
embroidery cluster is revealed and the following steps may be taken for the
improvement of the cluster.
(i)

Skill of the artisan is to be upgraded through training.

(ii)

Cluster is to be linked with direct exporters.

(iii)

CAD and other contemporary design are to be introduced.

(iv)

Product ranges are to be diversified.

(v)

Raw materials of high quality are to be used.

(vi)

More S.H.Gs and federation of S.H.Gs are to be formed.

(vii)

Different technical institution, B.D.S providers, association are to be linked.

4. CORE CLUSTER ACTORS

4.1 Principal Firms
These are two type of principal stake holders in the cluster:
(a) House hold enterprise:- About 4000 no. of house hold unit exists with 12000
craftsmen involved in these units. In these type of unit only the members of families
are engaged as worker. Lower value added products are produced here. They are
acting as sub-contractors. These craftsmen belonging to the Muslim community
(60%) and the Hindu (about 40%) largely lives at subsistence level. Only a very
small percentage of them have been able to provide good living standard to their
families ie providing education or necessary consumables. They generally manage
to earn lively hood using one or two Hadda. Average monthly income of the artisan is
Rs. 1200/-. They can engage themselves in the trade for 9 month in a year. Offseason of the trade is from 15th May to 15th August.
(b) Tiny Enterprise:- About 500 no. of units are in operation engaging about 8000
workers. In this type of unit separate premises are used employing workers from out
side the family. These units generally produce higher value added product of high
quality. Among these 500 units about 50 units are linked with state/national level
buyer for marketing and they have good sense of design innovation and a self built

10
capital base. Rest of units continue their work on sub-contracting basis. Average
income of the workers of this type of unit is from Rs. 1500/- to Rs. 3000/- per month
as per their skill. Total value addition of 38 crores takes place in the cluster on about
4.7 lakh sarees & other dress materials. Major value addition takes place on saree in
about 80%. Other important finished products are Salwar Kameez, langar (Ghagra),
Churidar, Punjabi, Curtains, other dress materials like scarf etc. these products have
a very good domestic market as well as export market. Main markets of these
products are in Rajasthan, Gujrat,U.P. Mumbai and Kolkata. These products are sold
to Kolkata based state level and national level buyer. They send these products in
the different corner of the country. About 10% to 15% of total production is exported
to foreign countries.
Investment in Plant & Machinery
Typology

Name of Machinery

Total investment in
Plant & Machinery

House hold unit

1 to 2 no. of wooden frame/

Rs.2000/- to Rs.4000/-

Hadda & Needle, Scissors, iron

etc.
Tiny enterprise

3 to 15 no. of wooden frame/

Hadda & needle, scissors, iron
etc.

Rs.5000/-toRs.25000/-

11
Growth of other Cluster actors ( in numbers)
Typology

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

Traders

30

34

37

45

50

Sub-agent

45

55

70

80

100

35

38

42

48

50

15

15

18

18

20

10

10

10

11

11

12

17

Big traders
Medium & Small

Raw material
Supplier
Machinery
Supplier
Technical
Institution
Financial
Institution
Association/
Network

12

Turn over of the Cluster

Name
House
Hold Units
Tiny
Enterprises
Total

2001-2002
Quantity
Value
Piece
Crore
324000
10.53
27000

2002-2003
Quantity
Value
Piece
Crore
360000
12.6

14.85

31500

25.38

18.00
30.60

2003-2004
Quantity
Value
Piece
Crore
378000
13.23
32850

19.08

2004-2005
Quantity
Value
Piece
Crore
39600
14.85
33750

32.31

20.25
35.10

2005-2006
Quantity
Value
Piece
Crore
432000
16.4
36000

21.60
38.00

EXPORT OF THE CLUSTER ( Rs in crore)

Typology
House Hold
Tiny Enterprises
Total

2001-2002
Nil
1.5
1.5

2002-2003
Nil
2.5
2.5

2003-2004
Nil
3
3

2004-2005
Nil
3.5
3.5

2005-2006
Nil
4
4

13

EMPLOYMENT SCENARIO OF THE CLUSTER

Y
A
E
R
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06

HOUSE HOLD UNIT

Skill Artisan
Semi Skilled Artisan
Male Female Total
Male Female Total
Grand
Total
2000
500
2500
2000
4500
6500
9000
2200
600
2800
2500
4700
7200
10000
2300
600
2900
2600
5000
7600
10500
2400
700
3100
2700
5200
7900
11000
2500
800
3300
3000
5700
8700
12000

TINY ENTERPRISE
Skilled Artisan
Semi Skilled Artisan
Male F Total Male F Total Grand
Total
5000 X 5000 1000 X 1000 6000
5600 X 5600 1400 X 1400 7000
5700 X 5600 1600 X 1600 7300
5800 X 5800 1700 X 1700 7500
6000 X 6000 2000 X 2000 8000

N.B. The above reports are based on the interaction with the different type of cluster stake holders during the period of
diagnostic study.

14
4.2 OTHER CLUSTER STAKEHOLDER
Big traders / Master craftsmen :- There are eight nos. of big traders in the cluster.
They are presently an affluent class of the cluster. Three decades back, this category
was itself engaged in the occupation of handicraft worker but today they are mainly
traders who undertake the overall responsibility of taking orders and getting them
executed. They supply the craftsmen with saree, design and sometimes raw
materials directly or through subagents. They pay for the charges incurred by the
craftsman as per previous contract.
The traders however seem to be oblivious to the hardships of the craftsman and are
largely concerned with their own survival and growth. They also remain secretive
about their designs and trading activities. Nevertheless, this group of core actors can
prove to be instrumental in bringing about capacity building of the craftsmen
provided their outlook is made more holistic.
Besides these eight big traders there about 50 more small & medium traders in the
cluster who are trying to stand in the marketing directly with state level buyer.
Sub agent
There are about 100 sub agents in the cluster. They generally distribute & collect job
work in the different corner of cluster on behalf big & medium traders on commission
basis. Big traders generally deprive the craftsmen through these sub-agents.
Raw material supplier
Big traders supply the saree to the craftsmen. Craftsmen purchase other zari
embroidery raw material from the nearby exclusive zari embroidery shop. Credit
facilities are available in these shops. There are about 50 no. shops only for the
purpose. These raw materials suppliers procure their required raw materials through
the merchants of Barabazar which are actually produced at Surat, Gujrat.

15

Machinery Supplier
No imported machineries are used in this cluster. A wooden frame called Hadda
costing Rs.1500/- (approx) is supplied by local furniture house or carpenter. There
are about 20 nos. furniture house/carpenter engaged in the work. Other tools like
needle, scissors iron etc. are supplied by the raw materials providers.
4.3 Support institutions
District Industries centre
District Industries centre is the organization which is contributing for the development
of cluster. They extend loan under PMRY of the central Government, provide training
to the rural artisan and women under the scheme R.S.V.Y. in cooperation with district
administration & zilla parisad.
Financial Institution
There are eight nationalized bank and two Gramin Bank within the cluster. They
have extended credit to the craftsmen under different priority sector scheme. Due to
poor recovery of loan, they are not so interested to further extend their credit support
to the craftsmen. For this purpose the service of SIDBI & NABARD may be
channelised and customized to meet the needs of the craftsmen. WBMDFC also
extended its credit support of Rs.5 lakh to the cluster. The master craftsmen have
built their own capital base and the small craftsman inevitably turns to the former for
his credit needs. This requires capacity building of local weavers and their families
on issues like credit creation and management of savings and innovative instruments
of financing wherever needed.
Technical Institution
There is no technical institution within the cluster. However, assistance of NIFT,
Jadavpur engineering college, Calcutta youth self employment centre (CYSFC) may

16
be sought for CAD/CAM. This institution may be linked with the cluster actors for
upgrading their skills regarding innovative design, production management and
marketing management. Assistance of master craftsmen may be taken to upgrade
the skill of general craftsmen as the rejection of job may be minimized and the
quality of product is improved.
Association
Only one co-operative society in the name of Budge-Budge Block-II Zari Silpa
Samabay Samity Ltd. is formed in the month of September-2006 with 13 members.
Production and marketing is done by itself. However, it is a newly born co-operative
and couldnt spread over the entire cluster. About 14 networks in the form of self help
groups are there although most of them are non functioning due to improper
nurturing. For the sake of improvement of socio-economic condition of the house
hold units and workers a union in the name and style of Dakshin-24 Parganas Zilla
Zari Silpi union is formed in the month of February-2006 with 106 no. of its member.
Its activity also do not spread over the entire cluster.
N.G.O.
There is an N.G.O. in the name & style of Baratala Human Welfare & Education
Society. They are working in the field of zari embroidery works. They have vast
knowledge & expertise and are already working for the socio economic development
of artisan.

17

5. VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS

Value Chain Analysis of a Saree of consumer price of Rs.900/-

The master craftsmen/traders and the General craftsmen in case of Budge-Budge-II

cluster are very important in the overall value addition process. The contribution of
different actors in the production of a plain sari of consumer price of Rs.900/- in
value is as under.
Step

Activity

1.

Cost of cloth

2.

Design

3.

Other raw material for Zari

Embroidery work

Value (%) addition

22.22
2.22
8.89

4.

Job-work/Handicrafts work

33.33

5.

Commission of sub-agent

3.33

6.

Profit of traders/master
Craftsmen

8.89

7.

Transportation

0.56

8.

Profit of State/national
Level trader

9.

Profit of retailer

3.33
17.23

Value Chain Analysis of a Saree of Production cost Rs.9500/-

Sl no.

Activity

Value addition (%)

1.

Cost of cloth

2.

Design

2.11

3.

Wages given to artisan

8.42

4.

Profit of tiny enterprise

15.79

26.32

18

Zari embroidery saree have been the main product of Budge-Budge-II cluster. This
has always been a favoured choice of middle and upper class women of northern
India and of the women of Muslim community throughout India. Now a days it is
turned into automatic choice of all classes of women for occasional wear, wedding
wear all over the country.
(See annex 1, 2 for diagrammatic presentation)
INTERPRETATION
From the above analysis the following interpretations are derived.
(i)

Value addition due to design input is minimum. It may be increased to some

extent to make the product more competitive in the Global market.

(ii)

Value of the product goes up only due to high profit margins fixed by the
traders. The reasons giving by the traders for charging such high profit
margins are:(a) High rate of rejections and return of goods due to poor workmanship.
(b) Frequent changes in fashion and designs.

6. ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS OPERATION

Back ground of the entrepreneur / Artisans
Big traders are presently the affluent class of the cluster, Three decades back the
category was it-self engaged in the occupation of handicraft worker, but today they
are mainly traders. Their knowledge regarding design and marketing linkage is the
soul of the cluster.

19
A few Tiny enterprises have some design skill and marketing linkages. But the house
hold units are the most deprived section of the cluster. They largely live at
subsistence level. Only a very few percentage of them have been able to provide
good living standard to their families i.e. providing education or necessary
consumables. They hardly manage to earn Rs. 1200/- per artisan per month,
whereas an artisan of a tiny enterprise earns Rs. 1500/- to Rs. 3000/- per month as
their skill. Contribution of women workers ( 50 % of house hold artisans) are not
properly valued. Hence sufficient no. of skill up gradation training programme are to
be organized to raise the income level of these families. A few EDP training course
and a few awareness programme for education of the children, health are also to be
organized to sustain the development of the cluster.
Another big problem of the cluster is lack of mutual trust among the stake holders.
Campaign and some strategic soft intervention is required to build up mutual trust.
RAW MATERIALS
There are three type of raw materials used in Zari embroidery industry. Real Zari is
made of silver and electroplated with gold, Zari thread made from these precious
metals is used for Sarees embroidery apparel etc. Imitation Zari is made from
copper. A third variety of Zari is called plastic Zari which is made from metallic yarn.
Real Zari is used in costly product, but its use is minimum in the cluster Use of
imitation Zari and plastic Zari is maximum in the cluster. Sequin collar and motifs in
elegant colours and design are also made. These enhance the beauty of garments.

20

The important raw materials and consumables used in the cluster are as follows:(a)

Silk, Tasar, Zarjet, Siphon, Crape, Laser plain cloth.

(b)

Resom.

(h)

Rambo Katdana, Katori.

(c)

Solma.

(i)

Art Paper.

(d)

Dopka.

(j)

Drawing Pencil.

(e)

Mote.

(l)

Fresh Trek.

(f)

Lava Powder.

(m)

Anker

(g)

Aplic.

(n)

Kasob.

Among the above raw materials used in the cluster no investment is required for
plain Cloth / Saree on behalf of principal firms as these are supplied by the
state level buyer through the big traders of the cluster. Separate channel of
marketing may be opened if financing for the said purpose is arranged. Total
requirement of raw materials in the cluster is in the tune of Rs. 5 Core per
annum. A lot of amount may be saved if a common raw materials Bank is
made in the cluster through a self help group formed by the raw material
suppliers. Bulk purchase may be made from Surat, Barielly, varanasi, Agra,
Jaipur & Barmer. The savings may contribute the cost of production to be
more competitive as well as increment of wage component of artisan.
Working Shed

21
Generally tiny enterprises use a hall of 300 sqft.to 600 sqft. area as working shed.
20 to 60 workers are working in this shed. The entrepreneurs provide musical
system in the factory shed for the workers to get rid of monotony. But the
condition of working shed of household unit is miserable. They use one room
of their residence as working shed which is not properly covered. External
agents like rain, dust etc. may damage the saree at any time. In most of the
time they have to use this working shed as bed room or other wise. Extreme
poverty does not allow them to get it repaired. Financial assistance in this
regard is the urgent need of the cluster because we cannot expect high
quality competitive product of higher value addition with higher productivity
level without a spacious, airy & brightened working shed. Area wise common
working shed may also be helpful to get better results.

Technology & Production

Machinery
This is an artisan based cluster. Investment in plant and machinery is minimum. The
following tools and implements are being used by the cluster.
(a) Hadda (wooden frame)

(d) Iron

(b) Needle (different type)

(e) weighing balance

(c) Scissors.
Skill of the artisan is the inherent strength of this cluster. They have to replicate a
design on a saree manually with zari embroidery raw material. It required patience of
the artisan and long time. As artisan has to put labour for 12 hours per day. Working
with Hadda is as such that it may create eye problem as well as spinal problem.
Technical assistance from Mechanical Engineering Department, Jadavpur University
may be sought for up-gradation of Hadda to get rid of the artisan from occupational
hazard.
At present the cluster is facing threat from the product made of hand embroidery
machine and China made computerized embroidery machine. But the quality of this

22
product is not comparable with that of the cluster. Some state level buyers also
installed China made computerized embroidery machine to manufacture cheaper
products. In near future it may reduce inflow of job work to cluster. Hence
introduction of these machineries in the cluster in near future may be the need of era
to increase the volume of production. A blend of machine embroidery & hand
embroidery may be launched to make the product more competitive.

Design
Capability of making design is largely concentrated to large traders/master craftsmen
and a few tiny enterprise. House hold units have to depend on those for getting
design. Generally the design makers make the designs on paper and it is copied on
saree by means of some chemicals. A paper design may be used for 5 to 10 times.
After that it has to throw to dustbin. But to make a design is a time taking process.
They draw a design on paper and then perforate it. But they cannot use it fully. Use
of computer aided design may solve this problem. Tiny enterprises and house hold
units are to be self reliant on design. Skill development training on design and
installation of a common design center with all facilities in the cluster is the only
remedy to overcome these problems.
Products
The following products are manufactured in the cluster.
(a) Saree 80%

(e) Punjabi

(b) Salwar / Kameez

(f) Curtains

(c) Langar / Ghagra (g) Other dress materials like Scarf etc.
(d) Churidar
Among the above products Saree is the main products of the cluster. Zari
embroidery Saree have good demand in the country and the other products have

23
very good export potential as well as domestic market. But most of the units are
engaged if production of Saree they have not attempted to diversify the product to
face the global market.
Although the success of Zari embroidery industry purely depends upon its orientation
towards adapting to fashion trends, no efforts have so far been taken by the cluster
to develop new designs or products due to a lack of technical and design support.
The importance of testing and quality control is not fully-known to the tiny enterprises
and house hold units. They have to pay for any kinds of complain of damage raised
by the traders. Establishment of a testing center may solve these problems. If the
quality of product is ensured then it may be sold in the market at its own identity.
Marketing
Most of the tiny enterprises and all house hold units are fully dependent on big
traders/master craftsmen for marketing their product. Basically they are doing their
activities on sub-contracting basis. Some tiny enterprises tried to develop direct
marketing linkage with Barabazar but they could not be able to get the desired result.
Another problem of house hold unit is that the volume of production is too small to be
linked up to the whole sale market. This problem may be solved by forming self help
group among the house hold units. As this is an artisan based cluster the most of
principal firms have no idea about marketing management. They didnt conduct
market survey in India & abroad for their product. Actually they have no idea about
the actual position and actual price of their product in the global market. Entire
cluster is fully dependent on Barabazar for marketing their product. Actually state
level and national level buyer at Barabazar regulate the cluster through some big
traders/master craftsmen of the cluster. To improve the market linkage with the
cluster the following intervention may be made.

(i)

Training on marketing management

(ii)

Market survey in India and abroad

(iii)

Participation in trade fair

24
(iv)

Buyer- seller meet

At present master craftsmen / big traders of the cluster are the key persons to link
the cluster with the national market. They have already built up good capital base but
they are ignorant of export market. They have not sufficient courage to invest their
capital base in the export market. They are only interested to gain more from the
cluster. Primarily these stake holders have to be trained about export procedure and
to be linked with export council on handicrafts. Seminar, buyer- seller meet with local
export house are also to be organized for the betterment of present scenario. A few
B.D.S. providers are to be linked with the cluster immediately. If a business resource
center with all ultra-modern facilities is set up in the cluster, that will be a landmark to
the cluster to get the global market within the cluster.
Institutional Linkage
Major problem of the cluster is lack of institutional linkage. Although there are eight
no. of Nationalized Bank and two no. of Gramin Bank within the cluster, yet their
existence is not properly utilized by the cluster due to lack of knowledge. The loan
already disbursed to house hold unit is turned into bad debt due to absolute poverty,
lack of knowledge regarding basics of financial management & lack of monitoring.
With these Bank the service of SIDBI & NABARD, WMDFC etc. are also to be
channelized to meet the needs of the artisan. A few seminars are to be organized
regarding the different assistance scheme of financial institution.
There is no technical institution within the cluster. The technical institution outside the
cluster viz, NIFT, Jadavpur Engineering College, NID, CYSEC etc. are to be linked
for sustained growth of the cluster. These institution may gear up the growth of
cluster providing support regarding innovative design, upgrading skill etc.Export
promotion council on handicrafts and some B.D.S. providers are to be linked with the
cluster to boost up the export market.

PRESENCE OF NETWORKS AND INTRA INTER STAKE HOLDER GROUP

DYNAMICS

25

A registered co-operative society in the name of Budge-budge Block-II Silpa

Samabaya Samity Ltd. has been formed in the month of September-2006 with 13
members. The members of the society have engaged themselves in production
process as well in marketing. They use common working shed and employ some
artisans if necessary. This society is directly linked with Barabazar for marketing.
Only 14 networks of artisan in the form of S.H.G are there in the cluster. But
performances of most these S.H.Gs are not good enough as expected due to
lack of proper nurture. However, 4 nos. of groups are performing well. Mutual trust
among the members of these 4 nos. of groups is high enough. They are trying to do
production jointly in-spite of lack of infrastructure. But they also have to be
dependent on big traders for marketing their product. This is due to lack of
knowledge in marketing, insufficient capital base, low volume of production etc.
These problems may be solved through formation of SHGs which can take leading
role in terms of marketing, purchase of bulk raw materials introduction of innovative
designsetc.

26
7. PRESENT CLUSTER MAP
7.Present Cluster Map of Zari Embroidery Cluster at Budge-Budge-II Block and surrounding areas of South 24 Paragana District.

Nationalized Bank-8, Gramin Bank-2, DIC, WBMDFC Zilla Parishad

Panchayat Samity & GP. District & Block administration.

State level Buyer

Tiny unit (500) with 8000 workers
Master craftsmen / Big traders (8)
House hold unit (4000) with 12000
artisan
Sub-agent (100)

14 SHG with 150 H.H. unit

Sub-agent
(100)

Big traders/
Master
craftsmen (8)

Raw material supplier

(50)

State level
Buyer

Machinery
supplier (20)

27

8. SWOT ANALYSIS
STRENGTH
In terms of artisan:(1) Concentration of huge no. of skilled & semi skilled artisan.
(2) No labour problem.
(3) The readiness of new generation to enter this trade.
In terms of infrastructure & inputs:(1) Easy accessibility to level market.
(2) High capacity of investment of a few no. of entrepreneur.

WEAKNESS
In terms of artisan:(1) Lack of mutual trust.
(2) Deprivation of artisan by traders.
(3) Artisans are socially, financially, educationally & market wise back ward.
(4) Lack of network formation.
(5) Poor knowledge regarding design & fashion dynamics/limited no. of dsigns.
(6) No formal training.
(7) Occupational hazard like eye & spinal problem.
In terms of technology & production:(1) Inconsistency in quality.
(2) Limited production capacity.
(3) Non-diversification of product.
(4) Lack of awareness about the need for testing & quality control.
(5) Non-use of ultra modern machinery.
In terms of inputs and infrastructure:(1) No direct purchase of raw material from manufacturer.
(2) No linkage with technical institution.

28
(3) No linkage with B.D.S. providers.
(4) Poor condition of working shed.
(5) Lack of common working shed.
(6) Poor flow of credit.
(7) Poor recovery of loan already disbursed.
In terms of market:(1) Seasonality in demand.
(2) No direct link with global markets and fashion dynamics.
(3) Poor knowledge of artisan regarding marketing.
(4) No market survey had ever been conducted.

OPPORTUNITY
(1) Strong domestic market as well as growing export market.
(2) Good scope of product diversification according to fashion dynamics.
(3) Good banking source.
THREAT
(1) Cheaper product made of ultramodern embroidery machine.
(2) Competition from similar type of industry outside cluster.

9. VISION
To improve the present market share in national & global market at least up to 30% & 20 %
respectively and to increase the income level of artisan up to at least 50% through increasing value
addition in the product by upgrading the quality, design, human resource skills and technology
levels within three years.

10. LONG RUN OBJECTIVE

(1)The cluster will be directly linked with the export market through its website, the business
resource center and the exporter within the cluster.

29
2) Consortium for purchasing raw materials, Design center & business resource center, common
facilities center with ultra modern embroidery machine & dyeing unit, testing center will be there
in the cluster for the production of higher value added competitive product.
(3) Income level of artisan will be increased to such extent so as to meet the minimum
requirement of their families.
(4)The health and social needs of the artisan would be given an ongoing attention.

11. STRATEGY
(1) The main strategy required for development of the cluster is changing the mindsets of the
core actors in tiny enterprises & house hold units. They should be encouraged to form self
help groups amongst themselves and federation of SHGs in order to undertake necessary
developmental initiatives, including the establishment of necessary infrastructures facilities.
(2) Technical support for improving the quality, design, productivity and linkages with the
technical institutions and B.D.S providers will be provided to build the clusters capacity to
diversify the products, enhance the productivity and raise the income level of artisan.

(3) Sustained growth of the cluster will be ensured through different training programme in the
areas of up-gradation of skill, design, quality awareness, marketing , EDP & export and
linking the cluster with the export market.

30

12.1 ACTION PLAN FOR FY 2007-08

Sl
No.

Typologies of activities

Trust Building

(1.1)

(1.2)

Study visit to other cluster

(Mumbai/Bareilley)
1 no. With 10 person

Study visit to different raw material

production center(Surat) with 10
no. Raw material supplier.

(1.3)

Seminar/workshop (2 nos) on
SICDP

Objectives

To share
experience
regarding
diversified
Production,
design,
marketing

To get
knowledge
regarding
various kinds of
raw material &
bulk purchase.

General
awareness
building
regarding cluster
development

Duration/
Quarter

10 days/2nd

Implementing
agency

N.G.O./SHG

10 days/2nd

N.G.O/DIC

2 days/
1st & 2nd

N.G.O/DIC

Total
Budget
Rs.000

150

Central
Govt.
Rs000

120

State
Govt.
Rs.000

20

150

120

10

25

20

Stake holder
Rs.000

10

20

Out come/ Benefited firms

1) Get ideas of joint activities.

2)Formation of network by
interested firms for each activity.
Direct-10
I - Total

Identification of various raw

materials with scope for
joint/direct purchase & estimated
cost reduction and CDC formed.
D - 10
I Total cluster

Artisan & other stake holders will

take part in cluster dev
programme spontaneously. Role
clarity of various stake holders
will be established.
D 200
I Entire cluster

31
1.4

2 meetings of CDCC

Sl
No

Typologies of Activities

2.

Market Development

(2.1)

Exporter-seller meet
(1 no.)

Monitoring of
activities

Q2 & Q4

N.G.O/DIC

Entire Cluster, Streamlining of

activities

Objectives

Duration/
Quarter

Implementing
Agency

Total
Budget
Rs.000

Central
Govt.
Rs.000

State Govt.
Rs. 000

Stake
holder
Rs.000

To gather knowledge
regarding various
aspects of export &
Marketing linkage

1 day/3rd

NGO/DIC

20

16

To get experience
regarding sales
display & marketing

15 days/
3rd & 4th

SHG/NGO

200

160

20

20

(2.2)
Participation in national
trade fair
(2 nos.) ,10 person in each
trade fair
(2.3)

Brochure preparation.

(2.4)

Training on marketing
(Selling & merchandising) (2
no.) 40 person in each
programme)

(2.5)

Training on export
development with 20 person
(1 No.)

To prepare document
regarding product for
marketing

30days/2nd

NGO

50

35

10

To build up
knowledge about
various aspects of
marketing .

30 days/1st
& 3rd

NGO

200

140

40

20

Export Development

30

days/
2nd

Out Come Benefited Person

Demand for exportable quality &
delivery requirements will be
understood and new export linkage
may occur.
D 50
I Entire Cluster
New marketing channel will be
opened and business will take
place.
D 50
It will help different buyer to know
about the different product range of
cluster.
I Entire Cluster
Marketing (Selling &
Merchandising) skill will be
developed.
D 80 , I 240
Creation better understanding of
export procedure.

EPCH / NGO /
DIC.

100

70

10

20
D 20
I All

32
(26)

Market Survey for up-market

national client at Delhi &
Mumbai

To identify market
potential.

Sl
No

Typologies of Activities

Objectives

3.

Technology Up gradation.

(3.1)

(3.2)

Demonstration of modern
machinery, testing
equipments etc. for stitching,
pattern making.

Awareness building
regarding utility of
modern machinery.

Assistance from
technological institution for
improving posture for
working on wooden frame.

To get rid of
occupational hazard.

Selection of appropriate product &

target buyer for future growth.
60 days/
2nd

Duration/
Quarter

5 days/3rd

Reputed
Agency.

Implementing
Agency

NGO / DIC

500

400

100

X
I Entire Cluster

Total
Budget
Rs.000

50

Central
Govt. Rs.
000

40

State
Govt.
Rs.000

Stake
holde
r Rs.
000

Out Come
Benefited Person
Clusters actors will be able to decide
regarding acceptance of modern
technology based on price &
productivity.
I - Entire Cluster

Creation of suggestive posture and

improved machinery.
90 days/
1st

NGO

100

80

10

10
I All

(3.3)
1 month design development
training with 40 person (2
no.)
(4)

(4.1)

Sl
No

Capacity Building for

Net
Work.

Skill up gradation to
make latest design.

To build mutual trust &

joint working

30 days/
1st & 3rd

1 year
1st to 4th

NIFT / NGO

N.G.O.

200

150

160

120

20

15

20

15

D 80
I 200
Higher value product will be made in
the cluster
Direct -150
Joint production & marketing will
take place

Formation of SHGs
(30 Nos).(With Principal
firms, raw material suppliers)
Typologies of Activities

Objectives

Duration/
Quarter

Implementing
Agency

Total
Budget
Rs.000

Central
Govt. Rs.
000

State Govt.
Rs.000

Stake holder
Rs.000

Out Come
Benefited Person

33
5.
5.1

Common Facility Centre

Preparation of feasibility report
for setting up of CFC with
computerized embroidery
machine & dyeing unit, testing
centre, raw material Bank.

To provide
common
facilities.

2nd to 4th

Expert/NGO

100

80

20

90 days/
1st & 4th

NGO /
master / Crafts
man

400

320

40

40

2401

1885

329

187

Others
6.
(6.1)

3 months skill development

training on stitching with 40
person. (2 course)

Grand Total

To build up skill
among the
artisan of
household unit to
raise income
level.

I-Entire
Cluster
It will help the cluster
to manufacture high
quality diversified
range of product of
latest design to make
the product more
competitive.
D 80
I 200
Higher value product
will be made in the
cluster

Notes:
1. DC = DCSSI, SG = State Government of West Bengal, SH = Stakeholders
2. Action plan for the year 2008-09 is provisional but indicative of likely budget for approval. Based on the learning received during implementation for the year 2007 -08, a modified action plan for 2008-09 will be submitted for
activity based approval towards the end of the year 2007-08.
3. Action plan for the year 2009-10 is provisional but indicative of likely budget for approval. Based on the learning received during implementation for the year 2007-08 and 2008-09, a modified action plan for 2009-10 will be
submitted for activity based approval towards the end of the year 2008-09.
4. Detailed DPR for CFC will be submitted for consideration as per Action Plan.
5. Various local, state and national level technical and financial institutions as well as consultants/ consultancy organisation will be involved in implementing these activities. Some names are also mentioned against some activities.
However these names are not exhaustive.

34

12.2 Action Plan for FY 2008-09

Sl
No.

1.1

Typologies of activities

Objectives

Duration/
Quarter

Implementing
agency

Total
Budget
Rs.000

Central
Govt.
Rs000

State
Govt.
Rs.000

Stake
holder
Rs.000

Seminar/workshop (2 nos).

To increase
productivity &
Product
diversification

1 days/
3rd

N.G.O/DIC

20

16

Exposure visit to Bombay

To get
preliminary
knowledge
regarding export
market
Review of action
plan &
monitoring

7 days/2nd

Association/
NGO

150

105

15

30

Exposure to export market

D-10
I- All

Each
Quarter

DIC/
Association

12

1)Action plan will be reviewed.

2)Evaluation of previous work.
I :- Entire cluster

Trust Building

(1.2)

1.3)

4CDCC meetings

Out come/ Benefited firms

1)Selection of appropriate
product.
2) Enhanced productivity
D 200
I Entire cluster

35

Sl
No.

Typologies of activities

2.

Market Development

(2.1)

Objectives

Duration/
Quarter

Implementing
agency

Total
Budget
Rs.000

Central
Govt.
Rs000

State
Govt.
Rs.000

Stake
holder
Rs.000

To gather
knowledge
regarding
various aspects
of Marketing
linkage

1 day/3rd

NGO/DIC

40

32

10 No. joint design development

Introduction of
latest fashion
oriented design.

30 days/2nd

Federation/
NGO

100

80

10

10

Participation in national trade fair

(3 nos.) ,10 person in each trade
fair

To get
experience
regarding sales
display &
marketing

15 days/
3rd & 4th

SHG/NGO

300

240

30

30

Website launching

Market linkage

30 days/4th

Federation

40

32

Buyer-seller meet
(2 no.)

(2.2)

2.3

(2.4)

Out come/ Benefited firms

Present market trend, quality &

delivery requirements will be
understood and new domestic
market linkage may occur.
D 50
I Entire Cluster
Introduction of 10 no. of latest
fashion oriented design

New marketing channel will be

opened and business will take
place.
D 30

Market linkage with national &

international market.

36

Typologies of Activities

Objectives

Sl
No
3
(3.1)

Technology Upgradation
Demonstration of new model
of machinery invented by
technological institution for
improving posture for
working on wooden frame.

To get rid of
occupational
hazard.

Duratio
n/
Quarte
r

Impleme
nting
Agency

Total
Budget
Rs.000

Centr
al
Govt.
Rs.
000

State
Govt.
Rs.0
00

Stake
holder
Rs. 000

Creation of suggestive posture

and improved machinery.
6
days/2nd

NGO

10

2
I All

(3.2)
1 month CAD training with
40 person (2 no.)

(4)

4.2
)

4.3
)

Capacity Building for Net

Work.
Formation of SHGs
(40 Nos).(With Principal firms,
raw material suppliers)
Federation of SHG ( 1 No)

Appointment of 1 NDA for 6

month

Out Come
Benefited Person

Skill up gradation
to make latest
design.

To build mutual
trust & joint
working

30 days/
1st & 3rd

1 year
1st to 4th

NIFT /
NGO

100

70

10

20

N.G.O.

200

160

20

20

Wide range of higher value added product will

be made in the cluster
D 40
I 100

Direct -150
Joint production &
marketing will take place

For joint
production &
marketing

1 month/
1st

NGO

20

16

1) Joint production
2) Joint marketing
2) Joint procurement of raw material
D - 300

Management of
federation

6 month/
2nd

Federati
on

60

42

12

1) Strengthening of federation
2) Management activities of federation.
D-300

37
4.4
)

Registration of SPV & hiring

of space for SPV

Sl
No

Typologies of Activities

5.

Common Facility Centre

5.1

Smooth
functioning of
SPV

In accordance with the feasibility

report computerized design
Centre, testing centre & raw
material Bank will be established.

1
month/1st

Federati
on

100

Objectives

Duratio
n/
Quarte
r

Implementi
ng Agency

To provide
common
facilities.

2nd to 4th

SPV/NGO

90 days/
1st

NGO /
master /
Crafts man

72

Total
Budget
Rs.000

Central
Govt.
Rs. 000

20

State
Govt.
Rs.000

Smooth functioning of SPV

D- 40
I - All

Stake
holder
Rs.000

As per approved DPR, once submitted

and approved by DCSSI office under
SICDP

Out Come
Benefited Person

1) It will help the cluster to

manufacture high quality
diversified range of product of
latest design to make the product
more competitive.
2) Deprivation of artisan will be
minimised
D- Entire cluster

Others
6.
6.1
)

3 months skill development

training on stitching regarding
diversified range of product with
40 person. (1 course)

Grand Total

To build up skill
among the
artisan of
household unit to
raise income
level.

200

160

20

20

1495

1186

132

177

Diversified range of higher value

added product will be made in the
cluster
D 40
I 100

38

12.3 Action Plan for FY 2009-10

Sl
No.

Objectives

Duration/
Quarter

Implementing
agency

Seminar (2 nos) regarding Bank

finance with concerned Bank &
DRDC.

To increase
credit facility

2 days/
1st & 2nd

N.G.O/DIC

(1.2)

4CDCC meetings

Review of
action plan &
monitoring

Each
Quarter

Market Development

2.1

Participation in foreign
international trade fair

To get
experience
regarding sales
display & export
marketing

1.1

2.2

2.3

Typologies of activities

Trust Building

Exporter-seller meet
(1 no.)

Joint design development

Total
Budget
Rs.000

Central
Govt.
Rs000

State
Govt.
Rs.000

Stake
holder
Rs.000

Out come/ Benefited firms

20

16

1) Credit facility geared up

2)Common working
shed/Individual working shed
may be built up
D 200
I Entire cluster

DIC/
Association

12

7 days/
2nd

Federation/NGO

800

560

80

160

1)Action plan will be reviewed.

2)Evaluation of previous work.
I :- Entire cluster
New marketing channel will be
opened and business will take
place.
D4
I Entire Cluster

To gather
knowledge
regarding
various aspects
of export &
Marketing
linkage

1 day/3rd

NGO/DIC

20

16

Introduction of
latest fashion
oriented design.

30 days/2nd

Federation/
NGO

200

144

16

40

Demand for exportable quality

& delivery requirements will
be understood and new export
linkage may occur
D 50
I Entire Cluster

Introduction of 20 no. of latest

fashion oriented design
D 200, I Entire Cluster

39

Sl
No

Typologies of Activities

3
3.1

Technology Up
gradation
1 month CAD training with
40 person (1 no.)

4
4.1

4.2

4.3

Capacity Building for

Net
Work.
Formation of SHGs
(40 Nos).(With Principal
firms, raw material suppliers)
Federation of SHG ( 1 No)

Expenses for NDA for 12

month & hire charge of
office of SPV

Objectives

Duratio
n/
Quarte
r

Skill up gradation
to make latest
design.

30 days/
1st & 3rd

To build mutual
trust & joint
working

1 year
1st to 4th

Impleme
nting
Agency

NIFT /
NGO

Total
Budget
Rs.000

100

Centr
al
Govt.
Rs.
000
80

State
Govt.
Rs.0
00

10

Stake
holder
Rs. 000

10

N.G.O.

200

160

20

20

For joint
production &
marketing

1
month/
1st

NGO

20

16

Management of
federation & SPV

6
month/
2nd

Federation

200

140

20

40

Out Come
Benefited Person

D 80
I 200
Wide range of higher value added product will
be made in the cluster

Direct -150
Joint production &
marketing will take place

1) Joint production
2) Joint marketing
2) Joint procurement of raw material
D - 300
1) Strengthening of federation
2) Management activities of federation.
D-300

40

Sl
No

Typologies of Activities

5.

Common Facility Centre

In accordance with the
feasibility report common
computerized production Centre
with dyeing unit will be
established.

Objectives

Duratio
n/
Quarte
r

Implementi
ng Agency

To provide
common
facilities.

2nd to 4th

SPV/NGO

90 days/
1st & 4th

NGO /
master /
Crafts man

Total
Budget
Rs.000

Central
Govt.
Rs. 000

State
Govt.
Rs.000

Stake
holder
Rs.000

Detailed Project Report and budget of

CFC will be finalized later and submitted
at an appropriate time as per SICDP
norms.

Out Come
Benefited Person

1) It will help the cluster to

manufacture high quality
diversified range of competitive
product
.2) Productivity will increase
D- Entire cluster

Others
6.
(6.1)

Total

3 months skill development

training on stitching regarding
diversified range of product with
40 person. (1 course)

To build up skill
among the
artisan of
household unit to
raise income
level.

200

160

10

30

1772

1298

164

310

1) Diversified range of higher

value added product will be made
in the cluster
2) Consistency in quality.
D 40
I 100

41

13.

FUTURE CLUSTER MAP

Future Cluster Map of Zari Embroidery Cluster at Budge-Budge-II Block and surrounding areas of South 24
Paragana District
Nationalized Bank (8), Gramin Bank (2), DIC, WBMDFC, SIDBI,
NABARD, EPCH, FACSI, FOSMI, Zila Parisad & Panchayat Samati, &
G.P. District & Block administration.
New market
Tiny unit- 750 Worker- 12000
State level Buyer

Direct sales

Big traders/Master
crafts

Association

House hold unit 6000

Artisan 18000
200 SHG of 2500

Sub-agent 120

Association
National level Buyer

Sub level
Buyer

Common
brand

Export

Export

Sub-agent
120

Big
traders/Mas
ter
craftsmen
12

Consortia for
export

Service institution :
Design center, Testing laboratory,
Business resource center, CFC, NIFT,
NID, B.D.S. provide (Technical &
Marketing)

Raw
material
supplier80
Raw material Bank

Machinery
supplier - 20

42

43

14.1 ANNEXURE 1
Value Cain Analysis of Saree of Consumer Price Rs. 900/Saree received from national
level buyer out side the
cluster.
Rs. 200/-

Saree received by
big traders within
the cluster.
Rs. 200/-

Design
Rs.20/Rs.220/
Raw materials
Rs. 80/-

Rs.
Handicraft work by
House Hold unit
Rs. 300/-

Rs. 600/Commission of
Sub-agent
Rs. 30/-

Rs. 630/Profit whole

Sale
Rs. 30/-

Rs. 715

Inward & Outward

Transportation
Rs. 5/-

Rs710/-

Rs. 745
Profit of
retailer
Rs. 155

Rs.900

Consumer Price

Profit of trader /
mater craft man
Rs. 80/-

44

14.2 ANNEXURE 2 P-40

Value Chain Analysis of a Saree of Production Cost Rs. 9500.00
Cloth received from national
level buyer by the big trader /
Tiny enterprises of Cluster.
Rs. 2500/-

Design
Rs. 200/-

2700/Raw materials
Rs. 800/-

3500/Wages to artisan for

handicraft work.
Rs. 4500/8000/Profit of Tiny
Enterprises
Rs. 1500/-

9500/State / National level

buyer.