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When cells were discovered and by whom.

Robert Hooke discovered cell in both living and dead organisms. He used both
the microscope and the telescope to study the structure of various biological
organisms and non-living things. His first breakthrough came with an experiment
with a cork, where he discovered that a cork was made of a single unit. Thus, he
discovered cell in non-living things. After that, he experimented with different
plants and discovered the cells from the tissue of a plant. He was the first person
to use the term cells. It is said that he named the term cells because it
resembles the cells in which monks would work in. In 1665, he published his
work on microscopic studies in the book Micrographia, the first ever book on
cells.In Robert Hookes book, Micrographia, on page 114 is shown the illustration
of a corks cell, which he said looks like a monks cell. Starting from that page,
we have been using the word ever since.

Cells Discovery Timeline


Date
1665

Event
Cell first observed

1670

Robert Hooke, an English scientist, discovered a honeycomb-like structure in a cork


slice using a primitive compound microscope. He only saw cell walls as this was dead
tissue. He coined the term "cell" for these individual compartments he saw.
First living cells seen

1683

Anton van Leeuwenhoek, a Dutch biologist, looks at pond water with a microscope he
made lenses for.
Miniature animals

1833

Anton van Leeuwenhoek made several more discoveries on a microscopic level,


eventually publishing a letter to the Royal Society in which he included detailed
drawings of what he saw. Among these was the first protozoa and bacteria discovered.
The center of the cell seen

1838

Robert Brown, an English botanist, discovered the nucleus in plant cells.


Basic building blocks
Matthias Jakob Schleiden, a German botanist, proposes that all plant tissues are

1839

composed of cells, and that cells are the basic building blocks of all plants. This
statement was the first generalized statement about cells.
Cell theory

1840

Theodor Schwann, a German botanist reached the conclusion that not only plants, but
animal tissue as well is composed of cells. This ended debates that plants and animals
were fundamentally different in structure. He also pulled together and organized
previous statement on cells into one theory, which states: 1 - Cells are organisms and
all organisms consist of one or more cells 2 - The cell is the basic unit of structure for
all organisms
Where does life come from

1845

Albrecht von Roelliker discoveres that sperm and eggs are also cells.
Basic unit of life

1855

Carl Heinrich Braun reworks the cell theory, calling cells the basic unit of life.
3rd part to the cell theory added
Rudolf Virchow, a German physiologist/physician/pathologist added the 3rd part to the
cell theory. The original is Greek, and states Omnis cellula e cellula. This translates as
all cells develop only from existing cells. Virchow was also the first to propose that
diseased cells come from healthy cells.

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