Section 5 .

Field Crop Production

Prinos vlakna i celuloze stabljike konoplje

(Cannabis sativa L.) u ovisnosti o gustoi sjetve
i gnojidbi duikom
Zvjezdana AUGUSTINOVI1, Milan POSPIIL2, Jasminka BUTORAC2, Tomislava PEREMIN
VOLF1, Marcela ANDREATA-KOREN1, Ivan KATANA3
Visoko gospodarsko uilite u Krievcima, M. Demerca 1, 48260 Krievci, Hrvatska, (e-mail: zaugustinovic@vguk.hr)
Sveuilite u Zagrebu, Agronomski fakultet, Svetoimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Hrvatska
3
Tomislavova 21, 48260 Krievci, Hrvatska
1
2

Saetak
Konoplja (Cannabis sativa L.) je sve do kraja 18. stoljea bila nezamjenjiva prediva kultura od
ijih se vlakana izraivala odjea, konopci i sl. Masovna pojava jeftinih sintetikih vlakana te
stroga kontrola ili ak zabrana uzgoja kao preventivna mjera u borbi protiv njene upotrebe kao
droge rezultirali su time da je njezin ekonomski znaaj u tolikoj mjeri smanjen da je gotovo
potpuno nestala iz proizvodnje, prerade i uporabe. U svijetlu ponovne renesanse konoplje
sve je vei interes za njezin uzgoj kako unutar EU tako i irom svijeta. Pored tradicionalnih
proizvoda sve veu vanost dobiva uzgoj konoplje kao sirovine za potrebe razliitih industrija.
Budui da vlakna konoplje, ali i drvenasti dio (pozder) sadre visok postotak celuloze pobudila
je veliki interes kao sirovina za proizvodnju papira.
Cilj ovih istraivanja bio je odrediti optimalnu gustou sjetve i gnojidbu duikom pri kojima je
mogue dobiti visoke prinose vlakna i celuloze u stabljici konoplje. Istraivanja su provedena
kroz poljske pokuse postavljene u sjeverozapadnoj Hrvatskoj (Krievci) tijekom tri godine.
Istraivane su tri gustoe sjetve (100, 200 i 300 klijavih sjemenki/m2) i etiri razine gnojidbe
duikom (0, 60, 120 i 180 kg/ha). Pokus je postavljen po split-blok metodi u pet ponavljanja. U
pokusu je koritena maarska dvodomna sorta Kompolti.
Prosjeni prinos suhe tvari stabljike iznosio je 12,3 t/ha. Gua sjetva (200 i 300 klijavih
sjemenki/m2) i vee koliine duika (120 i 180 kg N/ha) rezultirali su znaajno veim prinosima
suhe tvari stabljike.
Ostvaren je prosjeni prinos vlakna od 3,13 t/ha. Za postizanje visokih prinosa vlakna trebalo
bi sijati 200 klijavih sjemenki/m2 uz gnojidbu sa 60 kg/ha N.
Prosjean prinos celuloze ostvaren u ovim istraivanjima je 6,65 t/ha. Za visoke prinose
celuloze trebalo bi sijati minimalno 200 klijavih sjemenki/m2 uz gnojidbu s najmanje 120 kg/ha
N.
Kljune rijei: konoplja, gustoa sjetve, gnojidba duikom, prinos, vlakno, celuloza
sa2015_a0502

152

50th Croatian and 10th International Symposium on Agriculture

Section 5 . Field Crop Production

Fibre and cellulose yield of hemp stem

(Cannabis sativa L.) depending on sowing
density and nitrogen fertilization
Zvjezdana AUGUSTINOVI1, Milan POSPIIL2, Jasminka BUTORAC2, Tomislava PEREMIN
VOLF1, Marcela ANDREATA-KOREN1, Ivan KATANA3
College of Agriculture at Krievci, M. Demerca 1, 48260 Krievci, Croatia, (e-mail: zaugustinovic@vguk.hr)
University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Svetoimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
3
Tomislavova 21, 48260 Krievci, Croatia
1
2

Abstract
Until the end of the 18th century hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) was an irreplaceable spinnable
culture and its fibres were used in production of clothes, ropes etc. Mass emergence of cheap
synthetic as well as a strict control or even ban of cultivation as prevention measure in the fight
against its usage as a drug substance resulted in reduction of its economic importance to such
an extent that it almost completely disappeared from production, processing and usage. In the
light of renewed renaissance of hemp, the interest for its cultivation is increasing, not only in
the EU member states, but also worldwide. Hemp cultivation as raw material for the needs of
various industries is rapidly increasing in importance along with traditional products. Since
hemp fibres, as well as its woody part (shives) contain a large percentage of cellulose, they
raised great interest as raw material for paper production.
The aim of this study was to determine the optimum sowing density and nitrogen fertilization
which would enable high yields of fibre and cellulose in the hemp stem.
The investigations were carried out by means of field experiments in north-west Croatia
(Krievci) during a three-year period. Three different sowing densities (100, 200 and 300
viable seeds/m2) and four nitrogen rates (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg/ha) were investigated in the
experiment. The experiment was set according to split-block method in five replications. The
Hungarian dioecious cultivar Kompolti was used in the experiment.
Average dry matter yield of the stem amounted to 12.3 t/ha. Higher density (200 and 300
viable seeds/m2) and higher quantity of nitrogen fertilization (120 and 180 kg N/ha) resulted in
higher yields of the dry matter of the stem.
Average fibre yield amounted to 3.13 t/ha. In order to achieve high fibre yield, it is necessary to
sow 200 viable seeds/m2 and fertilize with 60 kg/ha N.
Average cellulose yield achieved in these researches amounted to 6.65 t/ha. If production aim is
high yield of cellulose, it should be sown at least 200 viable seeds/m2 and fertilized with at least
120 kg/ha N.
Key words: hemp, sowing density, nitrogen fertilization, yield, fibre, cellulose
sa2015_a0502

50th Croatian and 10th International Symposium on Agriculture

153