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Virtual LANs
Flexible network segmentation for high-speed LANs
Virtual LANs
Contents
Executive Summary 3
Glossary of Terms 7
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Virtual LANs
Executive designed, administered and managed. of the technology and the large number
Summary And since VLANs are software-based, of proprietary implementations have
Few people experience the rapid changes they allow the network structure to created confusion in the marketplace.
of today’s business environment more quickly and easily adapt to the addition, Some industry pundits have charged
than Information Technology (IT) relocation or reorganization of nodes. that VLANs may eventually become
managers. Employees move, business No longer does each change require a unnecessary as routing becomes faster
operations are restructured and new tech- visit to the wiring closet. and high-bandwidth technologies such
nologies emerge. All of these changes as Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet
Equally important, VLANs help meet
add pressure to networks already straining emerge. They also note a slow, industry-
performance needs by segmenting the net-
under the requirements of more users, wide trend toward protocols that depend
work more effectively. Unlike standard
more powerful workstations and more less upon broadcast traffic.
switching, they restrict the dissemination of
demanding applications. broadcast as well as node-to-node traffic, These changes may, to some extent,
Virtual LANs (VLANs) can help IT so the burden of extraneous traffic is reduce the importance of VLAN solutions
managers adapt to these changes more reduced throughout the network. Security in the future, but they won’t eliminate
easily and effectively, while increasing can also be improved. Since all packets many of the key advantages of the tech-
overall network performance. By offering traveling between VLANs may also pass nology. And VLANs offer an immediate
a highly flexible means of segmenting a through a router, standard router-based and cost-effective solution to several very
corporate network, VLANs reduce the security measures can be implemented real networking challenges – a solution that
performance bottlenecks that occur when to restrict access as needed. can be integrated into existing networks
traditional backbone routers can’t meet without costly overhauls. The potential
Despite the advantages of a well-
the demands of fast, switched networks. benefits should not be ignored.
designed VLAN solution, the newness
A VLAN is a group of PCs, servers
and other network resources that behave
The VLAN Solution
as if they were connected to a single,
network segment – even though they Printer
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Virtual LANs
Corporate
Corporate LAN Router
LAN Router WAN
Servers
Hub Hub Hub Switch
Switch
Hub
Hub
Hub
Hub
PCs
PCs
Server Server Server
PCs
PCs
Figure 2: Traditional LAN routers segment the network and provide logical Figure 3: Standard switches are much faster than routers and provide dedicated
structure, but are slow, complicated and expensive. bandwidth where needed, but are vulnerable to broadcast storms.
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Figure 4: In a Port-based VLAN, each port of a switch can be assigned to a particular VLAN.
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the next generation of networked PCs Intel’s current VLAN solution offers For More
easier to manage and support. The goal a highly flexible approach, using explicit Information
is nothing less than a network of PCs tagging so that each node can be assigned Visit Intel on the World Wide Web
that can be fully managed from a to multiple VLANs. In future switches at http://www.intel.com/network
central location. and adapters, Intel will provide multiple for more information on Intel’s
VLAN solutions to better meet the complete line of LAN adapters,
Intel is strongly committed to devel-
specific needs of individual networks, switches and other high-performance
oping and supporting other industry-wide
while also supporting the upcoming networking solutions.
standards as well, through cooperation
IEEE specifications.
with other key vendors and standards
organizations. Because in today’s het-
erogenous networking environments,
Glossary of Terms
a solution can only be cost-effective if
it interoperates readily with existing Broadcast – Network traffic that is disseminated to all the nodes on a shared-
components and software. To safeguard media segment
your investment, Intel continually tracks Explicit model – VLAN membership is indicated by adding a tag to each packet
and supports trends and specifications
Implicit model – VLAN membership is determined by examining information
relating to VLANs and other emerging
that already exists within each packet (the MAC address)
networking technologies.
Independent Model – One of two explicit VLAN models specified in the
IEEE 802.1q specification
Summary and
Layer 3 (or protocol)-based VLANs – Each packet’s protocol or Layer 3 addressing
Conclusion
is examined individually by the switch to determine VLAN membership
By segmenting the corporate network
MAC Address-based VLANs – VLAN membership is determined by the MAC
with a new level of flexibility, VLANs
address of each individual node
offer a fundamental improvement to
the network by working to simplify Multicast – Network traffic that is disseminated to selected nodes
management, while increasing Node – Each of the individual computers or other devices on a network
performance and enhancing security. Packet – A chunk of data bits and associated information, including source address
Desktops, servers and other network and destination address, formatted for transmitting from one node to another
resources can be organized according Port-based VLANs – Each port of a switch is assigned to a particular VLAN
to the needs of the business, rather
Router – A device that connects two networks at the Network Layer (Layer 3) of the
than the restrictions of the wiring closet.
OSI model; operates like a bridge, but also can choose routes through a network
VLANs also address the limitations Segmentation – The division of a network into separate shared-media subnets
of standard switch segmentation by
Shared Model – One of two explicit VLAN models specified in the IEEE 802.1q
containing broadcast as well as node-to-
specification
node traffic. This helps eliminate router
bottlenecks and reduces the danger of Switch – A device that connects multiple network segments at the Data Link Layer
(Layer 2) of the OSI model. They operate more simply and at higher speeds than routers.
broadcast storms. Also, as a software-
based solution, VLANs allow IT Unicast – Network traffic between two nodes
managers to adapt more easily to the VLAN – Virtual LAN; a logical grouping of network nodes that act as if they are
inevitable network changes that occur connected to a single, shared-media network
in a fast-paced business environment.
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