FOURIER ANALYSIS O F TIME SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

CHAP. 51

Supplementary Problems
5.61.

Consider a rectified sine wave signal

defined by
x ( l ) = IAsin.srt(

x(t)

Sketch x ( t ) and find its fundamental period.

(6) Find the complex exponential Fourier series of
( c ) Find the trigonometric Fourier series of x ( t 1.
(a)

Am.

(a)

X(t)

is sketched in Fig. 5-36 and T,

(c) x ( t ) =

x(!).

1.

2A
4 A m
1
- - C -cos k 2 r t
.sr
4k2-1
IT

Fig. 5-36

5.62.

Find the trigonometric Fourier series of a periodic signal

x(t) =t2,

Am. x ( t ) = -

a2

3
5.63.

+4
k-l

-a < t < .rr

and

x(t)

x(r

defined by

+ 2a) = x ( t )

(-ilk
-cos kt
k

Using the result from Prob. 5.10, find the trigonometric Fourier series of the signal
in Fig. 5-37.
A
A " 1
2a
A ~ S . ~ ( t =) - - - sin ko,!
wo= 2
.rr & = I k
To

-To

Fig. 5-37

To

2T"

x(t)

shown

284

5.64.

FOURIER ANALYSIS OF TIME SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

[CHAP. 5

Derive the harmonic form Fourier series representation (5.15) from the trigonometric Fourier
series representation (5.8).
Hint:

Rewrite a , cos k w , t

+ b, sin k w , t
,/,

as
cos k w , t

bk

( 4+ b:)

,/,

sin k w , t

and use the trigonometric formula cod A - B) = cos A cos B + sin A sin B.
5.65.

Show that the mean-square value of a real periodic signal x ( r ) is the sum of the mean-square
values of its harmonics.
1

Hint:
5.66.

Use Parseval's identity (5.21) for the Fourier series and Eq. (5.168).

Show that if
then

Hint:
5.67.

Repeat the time-differentiation property (5.55).

Using the differentiation technique, find the Fourier transform of the triangular pulse signal
shown in Fig. 5-38.
sin( w d / 2 )
Ar..Ad[
wd/2

-d

Fig. 5-38

5.68.

Find the inverse Fourier transform of

Hint:

Differentiate Eq. (5.155) N times with respect to ( a ) .

CHAP. 51

5.69.

FOURIER ANALYSIS O F TIME SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

Find the inverse Fourier transform of

X(w) =

2 - w 2 + j3w

Hint: Note that

2 - w2 + j3w = 2 + ( jw12 + j3w

(1

+ j w ) ( 2 +j w )

and apply the technique of partial-fraction expansion.

Am. x ( t ) = (e-' - e - 2 ' ) u ( t )

5.70.

Verify the frequency differentiation property (5.561, that is,

Hint:
5.71.

Find
(a)
(b)
(c)
(dl

Use definition (5.31) and proceed in a manner similar to Prob. 5.28.

the Fourier transform of each of the following signals:
x ( t ) = cos wotu(t)
x ( t ) = sin wotu(t)
x ( t ) = e - " ' ~ ~ ~ w ~ tau>(Ot ) ,
x ( t ) = e-"'sin w,tu(t), a > 0

Hint:

Use multiplication property (5.59).

Am.

( a ) X ( w ) = -S(w
2

(dl X(w)=
5.72.

- w o ) + -S(w
+ w,) +
2

iw
( jw)' + w i

0 0

( a + jo12

Let x ( t ) be a signal with Fourier transform X ( w ) given by

Consider the signal

Find the value of

Hint: Use Parseval's identity (5.64) for the Fourier transform.

286

5.73.

FOURIER ANALYSIS O F TIME SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

[CHAP. 5

Let x ( t ) be a real signal with the Fourier transform X ( w ) . The analytical signal x + ( t )
associated with x ( t ) is a complex signal defined by
x + ( t )= x ( t ) + j i ( t )

where

is the Hilbert transform of x(t 1.

( a ) Find the Fourier transform X + ( w ) of x + ( t 1.

( 6 ) Find the analytical signal x + ( t ) associated with cos w,t and its Fourier transform X + ( w ) .

5.74.

Consider a continuous-time LTI system with frequency response H(w). Find the Fourier
transform S ( w ) of the unit step response s ( t ) of the system.
Hint:
Am.

5.75.

Use Eq. (2.12) and the integration property (5.57).

S ( w ) = .rrH(O)G(o)+ ( l / j w ) H ( w )

Consider the RC filter shown in Fig. 5-39. Find the frequency response H ( w ) of this filter and
discuss the type of filter.
Ans.

H(o)=

iw
, high-pass filter
( l / R C ) +jw

Fig. 5-39

5.76.

Determine the 99 percent energy containment bandwidth for the signal

Ans.
5.77.

W,,= 2.3/a radians/second or f,

= 0.366/a

hertz

The sampling theorem in the frequency domain states that if a real signal x ( t ) is a durationlimited signal. that is,

CHAP. 51

FOURIER ANALYSIS O F TIME SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

287

then its Fourier transform X ( w ) can be uniquely determined from its values X ( n s r / t , ) at a
series of equidistant points spaced n / t , apart. In fact, X ( w ) is given by

n=

-00

o t , - n.rr

Verify the above sampling theorem in the frequency domain.

Expand x ( t ) in a complex Fourier series and proceed in a manner similar to that for
Prob. 5.59.

Hint: