Section VIII: Unfired Pressure Vessels

This section has two divisin. Division 1 uses approximate calculation methods
adequate for most services. Units built to these rules and inspected by an
authorized inspector (AI) are stamped with ASME Code U symbol.
Under Div 1, pressure vessels meeting the following conditions may be
exempted from inspection by an A1: (1) they are not required by Div 1 to be
fully radiographed; (2) they do not have quick-actuacting closures; (3) volmes
are 5 ft or less for a maximum design pressure of 250 psi or are 1 ft for a
maximum design pressure of 650 psi.
These units are stamped UM. If, despite exemption they are inspected by an AI,
however, they may be stamped with the U symbol.
With some exceptions, equipment built to Div 1 may also be built to the
alternative rules of Div 2 and stamped U-2. Units outside the scope of Sec VIII
may be stamped with the code symbol if constructed according to all rules of
the governing division.
What is Div 2? When should it be considered? Division 2 provides and
alternative to the minimum construction requirements of Div 1. Bases on more
precise calculatin methods. Div 2 rules are more restrictive. The do not permit
use of some materials allowed by Div 1, the prohibit some common design
details, and the specify which fabrication procedures may be used.
Engineering and manufacturing according to Div 2 are more costly, but when
the stress intensity is controlled by ultimate or yield strength, Div 2 permits use
of higher design stress-intensity values in the range of temperatures covered.
Consider using Div 2 rules under the following conditions: (1) service is severe
enough to indicate the need for intensive analysis, (2) fatigue may affect safety
and useful life, (3) shape changes may cause high discontinuity stresses, (4)
pressure exceeds 3000 psi (20,670 kPa), (5) product of pressure times shell
diameter exceeds 6000 lb/in (1,216 N/m), (6) ratio of shell diameter to
thickness is less than 16, or shell thickness calculated under Div 1 rules exceed
3 in (76,2 mm), (7) costs of the necessary engineering analysis and more
rigorous construction requirements are justified by savings in materials and
labor, and (8) the unit will be installed in one location and used for one service
its entire life.
Fuente:

--

Solicitaciones
En el clculo de un recipiente a presin, debern tenerse en cuenta adems de
la presin interna o externa, las siguientes solicitaciones, si las hubiese:
a) Presin debida a la altura mxima esttica de fluido contenido, ms
pesado, o en agua si la densidad es inferior a 1, tomada en las
condiciones de clculo.
b) El peso del recipiente con su contenido, ms pesado, o en agua si la
densidad es inferior a 1, tomada en las condiciones de clculo.
c) El peso del recipiente con su contenido mximo especificado para la
prueba hidrulica.
d) La accin debida al viento.
e) La accin debida a los efectos ssmicos
f) Para las solicitaciones de acciones de vientos y sismos, se pueden
admitid tensiones superiores al 90% del limite elstico convencional al
0,2%, previo acuerdo de las partes interesadas.
g) Para solicitaciones de acciones de viento y sismos se deben seguir las
normas oficiales.
h) Las solicitaciones de viento y sismo se podrn considerar no
simultaneas, eligiendo la ms desfavorable entre:
Solo accin de viento
Accin de sismo ms un cuarto de viendo.
Se debe