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PLUMBING (pg.

1-79)
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Plumbing
Plumbing
System

Art and technique of installing pipes, fixtures, and


other apparatuses.
Pipes and fixtures after installation

1902

Plumbing trade recognized by the city of Manila

Master Plumber
john F. Haas

Chief of the division of Plumbing Construction and


Inspection
National Master Plumbers Association of the
Philippines (NAMPAP)

1935
Manila City
Ordinance 2411
Each family
dwelling unit
fixtures
Piping
Vent terminals

Components

Water cycle

Flow in water
systems

Plumbing Code of the City of Manila


At least one water closet, one kitchen sink,
lavatory, and bathtub or shower
Smooth non-absorbent material
Durable NAMPAP approved materials
Extend to the outer air
1. Water distribution system
2. Fire protection system
3. Plumbing fixtures
4. Sanitary drainage system
5. Storm drainage system
6. Fuel gas piping system
1. Evaporation
2. Condensation
3. Precipitation
1. Supply
2. Distribution
3. Use
4. Collection
5. Disposal
6. Treatment
7. source

Domestic use

Problems

Objectionable
element

Purification of
water

Type of Wells
Individual Well
Spring
Sources of
Contamination
Basic Types of
Pumps

1. rain water
2. natural surface water
3. ground water
1. acidity
Corrosion
2. hardness
Clogging
3. turbidity
Discoloration
4. color
Discoloration
5. pollution
Disease
1. calcium
Hardness
2. magnesium
Hardness
3. sulfur
Bad taste and odor
4. salt
Bad taste
5. iron
Stains clothing
6. pathogenic germs
Unhealthy
7. acid
Corrosive
8. algae
Bad taste and odor
1. Aeration
Spraying to atmosphere
2. Coagulation &
Ferrous sulfate and lime
Precipitation
3. Filtration
Layers of sand & gravel
4. Sedimentation
Basins
5. chlorination
Hypo-chlorite gas
1. shallow wells
2. deep wells
1. Dug well
15 meters
2. Bored well
15 meters
3. Jetted well
Sand-point wells
4. Driven well
10-15 meters
5. Drilled well
1000 meters
1. Septic tanks / leach fields
2. Livestock feedlots
1. Piston pumps
2. Centrifugal pumps
3. Reciprocating pumps
4. Jet pump
5. Rotary pumps

Tanks for
domestic use

Overhead Feed
System
Pneumatic
Water Tanks
Hot Water Tanks
Function of
Valves

Types of Valve

Gate valve
Globe valve

Check Valve

6. Submersible pumps
7. Sump pumps
8. Turbine pumps
1. Overhead tanks
2. Cisterns
3. Pressure tanks
4. Hot water tanks
1. Supply pipe
2. Inlet
3. Overflow pipe
4. Drip pan
5. Gate valves
Air pressure system
1. Range boiler (85-150 psi)
2. Storage boiler (65-100 psi)
1. Start/shutdown
2. Regulate pressure
3. Check backflow
4. Control direction
1. Gate valve (completely close/open)
2. Globe valve (control)
3. Check valve (backflow)
4. Angle Valve (control)
5. Foot valve (retention valve)
6. Safety valve (excessive pressure)
1. Tapered disc
2. Double disc valve
1. Plug type
2. Ball type
3. Composition disc valve
1. Swing Check valve
2. Lift check valve
3. Vertical Check valve
4. Horizontal check valve

Compression
cocks
Key cock
Ball faucet
Water hammer
Back siphonage
Expansion /
contraction
Friction head
loss
Direct pressure
distribution
Indirect pressure
distribution
Service pipe
Water meter
Horizontal
supply main
riser

Compression of a soft packing


Hose Bibb
Ball connected to the handle
A knocking in the pipes
The flowing back of polluted water
Pipes expand and contract
Reducing the speed of water flow by friction
Water is obtain through large intake
Water taken from drilled well

Street water main


Device used to measure water distribution
Principal water distribution pipe running from the
water meter
Water supply pipe extending vertically
Water supply pipe between the fixture supply
Fixture branch
pipe and water distribution pipe
Control, isolation, and repair of water distribution
Controls & valve
system
Direct upfeed
Water provided by the city water
Air pressure
Compressed air used to raise and push water
system
Downfeed /
Distributed by means of gravity
gravity system
Pump circuit
More efficient circulation of hot water to multisystem
storey buildings
Hot water space Water is confined within the system at low
heating system temperature
Hot water
Closed system which operate on much higher
supply system
temperature
System relief
Hot water space heating system
valve

Temperature &
pressure relief
Fire protection
systems
Types of fire
protection
system
Spacing of
sprinkler heads
Upright sprinkler
heads
Pendent

Used for hot water supply system


1. Elevated water tank
2. Underground water reservoir
1. Dry standpipe system
2. Wet standpipe system
3. Wet standpipe system with Siamese
connection
4. Automatic sprinkler system
1. Light hazard occupancy (20 sq.m.)
2. Extra hazard occupancy (10 sq.m.)
Above piping when piping is exposed

Projects through a finished ceiling


Receptacles used to provide, receive, and
Plumbing fixtures
discharge water
1. Soil
Classifications
2. Scullery
3. bathing
1. center - side wall (0.375m)
Water closets
2. center - WC center (0.75m)
1. integral flush tank
According to
2. close coupled flush tank
flush tank types
3. low flush tank
4. high flush tank
According to
1. floor mounted
mounting
2. wall hung
1. wash down
According to
2. reverse trap
flushing action
3. siphon jet
4. siphon vortex
1. flush tank water closet
Types of WC
2. direct flush valve (DFV)
Other types of
1. squat type
WC
2. washout

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