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Science booklet
Prim.(4)term(2)
Name/..
Class/
Unite one
Lesson 1 ( digestive system)
The structure of the living organism body:
The living organism body consists of a set of systems. These systems are:
1- Digestive system:
It digests and absorbs food.
2- Respiratory system:
It carries the process of breathing.
3- Circulatory system:
It distributes the digested food and oxygen all over the body cells.
4- Urinary system:
It helps the body to get rid of wastes
5- Nervous system:
It lets us have the ability to feel, hear, see, smell, and taste
6- Reproductive system:
It gives birth for new individuals.
Digestion: changing the food from a complex form into a simple one to let the body get
benefited.
Digestive Systemconsists of Digestive canal and Digestive canal
Supplementaries
Digestive canal
[1] Mouth
Salivary glands: They are three pairs of glands secrete saliva which digest starch into
sugar.
Enzymes: is the digestive substances
[2] Pharynx
Is a common cavity leads to the esophagus and trachea.
[3] Esophagus
Is a muscular tube that the food travels through from your mouth to your stomach.
[4] Stomach
It is muscular sac secrets gastric juice to digest proteins.
[5] Small intestine- It has two main parts:
a- Duodenum
b-Ileum
{.......}
2- The system that distributes food and oxygen to all body cells
3-the system that helps the body to get out the harmful wastes
4- The system that helps the body to feel, taste and smell
{ .....}
4
{.......}
{ .....................}
.. {..... }
{......}
{......}
{.......}
{......}
12-They are digestive substances that digest food and convert it into simple substances
13-Asac like muscular organ that secretes gastric
{......}
[1] Nose
It's lined with a mucus and hair to filter air from dusts and blood capillaries to warm air.
[2] Pharynx
A common cavity leads to the esophagus and trachea.
A common cavity between digestive and respiratory system
[3] Trachea
-
[4] Lungs
Inside it there is alveoli, surrounded by a network of blood capillaries to permit gas exchange.
* Respiration: is the process in where the air rich in oxygen enters into the two lungs
and the air rich in carbon dioxide released outside the two lungs.
Respiration: process which body get needed energy from food burning
Respiration times increases by running or make exercise
* Exchange of gases
Exchange of gases occurs between alveoli and the blood capillaries has thin walls where
blood leaves carbon dioxide and carries the oxygen
6
Diaphragm:
is a muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity.
It help in respiration process
2) Mechanism of Respiration:
Process of inhalation:
- The diaphragm muscle contracts
thoracic cavity to enlarge.
- The air rich in oxygen enters the lungs.
Process of exhalation:
-The diaphragm muscle relaxes causing thoracic cavity to be narrow.
-The air rich in carbon dioxide moves outside the lungs.
1- complete
1. ..... is called the voice box , because it contains two .....
2. the nose is lined with .....and.....to .....
3 trachea is lined with ..... to .....
4 ..... is amuscle separates the thoracic (chest) cavity from the ..... cavity
5-during the ..... process , the thoracic cavity enlarges and the ribs....
6. gas exchange process occurs between .....in alveoli and blood in .....
7. alveoli have ..... walls to allow ..... process.
8. bronchioles end in tiny air sacs called .........
(2)Write the scientific term :1-Agas that is produced from exhalation process and turns clear lime water into milky
{.....}
2-they warm air from dust and microbes before entering the lungs
3-Acommen path between digestive and respiratory system
{.....}
{.....}
4-They filter air from dust and microbs before entering the lungs
5-An organ found at the top of trachea and is called the voice box
6-tiny air sacs found in the two lungs
{.....}
{.....}
7-It is the process in which air rich in oxygen gas enter the two lungs and the air rich in
carbon dioxide gas is released outside the two lungs
8- A muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity
{.....}
9-Aprocess in which the blood in blood capillaries around alveoli leaves carbon dioxide gas
and carries oxygen gas
{.....}
10-the process in which the diaphragm muscle contracts and moves down and the ribs rise
up wards
{.....}
11-The process in which the diaphragm muscle relaxes and moves up and the ribs moves
down wards
{.....}
(3)Give reason for:1- breathing through nose is preferable to that through mouth
2-respiration process is very important ?..............................................................................
3-the trachea has incomplete cartilaginous rings .
4-the trachea is lined with cilia..
5-the presence of epiglottis at the top of trachea
6- the number of inhalation and exhalation times increases during running.
7-presence of alveoli inside the lungs
8-alvedi and blood capillaries have thin walls?...........................................................
9- the exhaled air differs from the inhaled air? .
10- the nucleus of the cell has an important role
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cell parts
1- Cell wall
2- Cell membrane
3- nucleus
4- Cytoplasm
5- Chloroplast
Plant cell
Animal cell
The plant cell is characterized than animal cell by the presence of a cell wall and
chloroplasts
2- Making alcohol
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(1)Complete
1-, and are common between plant & animal cell.
2-& are existed in plant cell only.
3 is the functional & building unit of living organisms.
4-The is a unicellular living organism.
5-The cell is the & unit in the body of living organisms.
6-From the functions of the cell , & .
7-Unicellular organisms may be or .
8-Plant cells are surrounded by while animal cells are surrounded by .
9-Plant cell is characterized from the animal cell by having &
10-The yeast fungus is used in making & .
11- feed on the organic remains.
12-The yeast fungus is used in making & .
[]
[]
3- structures spread in cytoplasm of plant cells and are responsible for photosynthesis
process.
[]
4-The cell component which plays an important role in cell division
. [...]
5-A fluid fills the cell, where the biological processes occur.
[..]
6-A structure that control the substance that enter or leave the cell.
[....]
2- Chloroplasts.
4- Water and mineral salts.
- To produce:
1- Starch or sugar
2- Oxygen gas
G.R. The potted plant inside houses should be directed to sunlight
Because sunlight is necessary for the plant to make its own food by photosynthesis
process.
* The products of the photosynthesis process:
1- Starch (carbohydrate).
2- Oxygen gas.
Iodine solution is used to test the presence of starch and turns into
blue color.
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2- Green algae.
*2* Consumers:
They are living organisms that depend on producers to get food.
*3* Decomposers:
They are living organisms get food by the decomposing of the dead bodies or food
remains
- Examples:
1. bacteria
2. yeast fungus
G.R. Consumers and decomposers can't make their own food.
Due to the absence of chloroplasts.
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d) sunlight
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d) water vapour
d) Sunlight
d) Birds
6A hawk is an example of
a) producers
b) consumers
c) decomposers
3] Put () in front of the correct statement and () in front of the wrong one,
1-Plant makes its own food by the respiration process.
(
2-Starch and oxygen gas are produced by the plant through the respiration process.
(
3-Oxygen gas is essential for the photosynthesis process.
(
4-The products of the respiration process of plants are different from those of the
photosynthesis process.
(
5-We use sodium bicarbonate solution to absorb oxygen gas from water.
(
6-Lion, snake and hawk are consumers that feed on producers.
(
7-Bread mold fungus and some types of bacteria are examples of decomposers (
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
5-Food spoils if it is left outside the refrigerator for a long period of time
..
6-Decom posers have great economical and environmental importance
Green algae
Water beetle
Small fishes
Whale
(2)Put () in front of the right statements and () in front of the wrong one,
then correct it:
1.the living organisms are classified according to the way of feeding into producers and
decomposers only.
(
)
2.Consumers help the environment get rid of the organic remains.
(
)
3.Chicken is a herbivorous consumer.
(
)
4.Food chain starts with a producer organism.
(
)
5.The following order is the right order of a food chain:
6.Greenplant
snake
rat.
(
)
7.Food web is a path of energy that transmits in the form of food from a living organism to
another.
(
)
8.Rabbit, green plant and fox can make a food chain.
(
)
9.Decomposers transfer the energy to nature.
(
)
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Unit two
Lesson One (Force and its effect)
At normal conditions, some objects are at rest state.
The object needs effect to change its state from rest to motion and also from motion to
rest, this effect is called force.
Force:
d) m/sec
3. Sailing boats move on the surface of the River Nile by the pushing
force.
a) water
b) wind
c) ropes
d) motor
4. is one of the applications that depend on engine pushing force in
motion.
a) Metro
b) electric lift
c) bicycle
d) hand pushing
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3] Put () in front of the right statement and () in front of the wrong one:
1. Hand pushing force changes the state of a toy car from motion to rest.
(
(
)
)
)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
1. The bicycle moves by pushing its pedals and stops whin you press on its brakes.
..
2. Blender and electric fan depend in their motion on the effect of force.
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The kind of
energy
Example
1. Potential energy
2. Light energy
3. Kinetic energy
4. Heat energy
5. Sound energy
6. Electric energy
7. The chemical
energy
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N.
equipment
Used energy
Produced
energy
Electric fan
Electric
Kinetic
Electric lamp
Electric
Light
Electric heater
Electric
Heat
Radio
Electric
Sound
Dynamo
Kinetic
Electric
Electric motor
Electric
Kinetic
Violin
Kinetic
Sound
Solar cell
Light
Electric
Solar heater
Light
Heat
10
Battery
Chemical
Electric
Some changes
of energy
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8. In solar cells, the energy produced is.energy, while in the solar heater, the
energy produced isenergy.
3] Put () in front of the right statement and () in front of the wrong one:
1. On riding a bicycle, you need energy.
(
)
2. Electric energy, sound energy and light energy are from the forms of energy.
(
)
3. The energy produced from the solar heater is electric energy.
(
)
4. Sound stops when the vibration of a tunning fork stops.
(
)
5. The electric energy changes into light energy in the electric lamp. (
)
(..)
()
()
()
()
B- Windmills
A- Solar cells:
They change the solar energy into electric energy.
B- Windmills:
- They change the wind energy into electric energy.
- The wind rotating windmills which are used to operate generators (dynamo) to generate
(produce) electricity.
7- Warming
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The sun (solar energy) is used in warming homes and heating water by the solar heater.
* Solar heater:
It changes solar energy of the sun into heat energy that is used in warming
* The Sun: it is the main source of energy on earth.
Sources of energy
1- Renewable resources
2- Non-renewable resources
3. Waterfalls energy
1. Wind energy:
It is used in rotating the windmills to generate electricity.
2. Rising and ebb tides energy:
-
2. Petroleum oil
3. Natural gas
* Natural gas:
It is one of the cleanest forms of fuel B. it not pollute air
26
G.R. The government gives more attention to the use of natural gas instead of gasoline.
2] Put () or () :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
)
)
)
)
)
lesson ( 4 ) elect.
Electricity is divided into
1. Static elec.
1. Static electricity:
It is a type of electricity that is formed from electric changes that remain on an object.
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2. A lamp
3. Connecting wires
We put the zinc rod and the copper rod in an apple or potato or orange or sweet
potato, then connect the two rods by a lamp through wires.
- the lamp will light in all cases.
* The electric equipments that are operated by the current electricity used at home:
1. Television.
2- Washing machine.
4-Vacuum cleaner. 5- Recorder.
3- Computer.
6- Heater.
2. is the type of electricity that is produced due to the remain of the electric
charges on a body.
a) static electricity
b) electric circuit
c) dynamic electricity
d) current electricity
d) vibration
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4. is the electric charges that flow through connecting wires for long
distances.
a) current electricity
b) static electricity
c) electric circuit
d) (a) or (c)
5. Key is used to
a) close the electric circuit only
b) open the electric circuit only
c) cut the electric wires
3] Put () in front of the right statement and () in front of the wrong one:
1. Electricity is a clean form of energy.
(
)
2. The only type of electricity is the static electricity.
(
)
3. The standing of hair during combing it with a comb is related to the static electricity, while
the lightning in the sky is related to dynamic electricity.
(
)
4. The current electricity can be generated by rubbing an inflated balloon with a piece of wood.
(
)
5. Electricity can be generated by a lemon, a rod of zinc and a rod of copper.
(
)
A type of electricity that is formed from electric charges that remain on an object.
Electricity which causes the standing of hair during combing it with a plastic comb.
The electric current that flows through the wire in one direction.
A closed path of the electric current.
A device that is used to close and open the electric circuit.
6] What happens when:
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