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We have six basic techniques of integration. Remember that it is possible to evaluate some integrals
using more than one method.
1. Simple Substitution - Look for an obvious substitution. It is important to be able to
recognize functions with their derivatives:
e.g. sin x with cos x dx
tan x with sec2 x dx
ln x with
1
x
dx
2. Trigonometric Identities - If the integrand contains powers of trig functions, then try
splitting off a cos x, sin x, sec x tan x, sec2 x, csc x cot x, or csc2 x. Then look for a substitution.
If this doesnt work, then you may want to try using one of the following identities.
cos2 x + sin2 x = 1
tan2 x + 1 = sec2 x
cot2 x + 1 = csc2 x
1
[1 + cos 2x]
2
1
sin2 x = [1 cos 2x]
2
cos2 x =
Use this strategy to evaluate the following integrals. You will not be required to turn these in but
you may ask questions about them in office hours.
Z
Z
4
1.
sin x cos x dx
Z
dx
4.
2.
5.
dx
6x x2
p
ln 1 + x2 dx
Z
3.
Z
6.
(a2 + x2 )
Z
7.
Z
10.
Z
13.
3x 7 dx
(x 1) (x 2) (x 3)
Z
8.
11.
tan1 10x dx
14.
Z
Z
22.
tan 3x sec 3x dx
17.
dx
x2 + 4x + 8
20.
x5 dx
1 + x2
23.
Z
31.
Z
34.
9.
x dx
12.
15.
x3 + x2
dx
x2 + x 2
dx
4
x + 4x2 + 3
dx
x (2 + ln x)
Z
x
e cos 2x dx
18.
x2 sin x dx
21.
cos x dx
sin3 x sin x
24.
26.
29.
Z
32.
Z
35.
x + 1 dx
x2 (x 1)
2/3
x2/3 x5/3 + 1
dx
4x + 1
dx
x3 + 4x
x ln x + 2 dx
Z
x2 ex dx
dx
3/2
tan x sec x dx
28.
dx
(x2 1)
Z
2
cos
sin1 x dx
1 x2
Z
x
Z
25.
Z
3
19.
e
Z
tan x dx
cos2 x
Z
16.
ln
cos x dx
1 + sin x
dx
x1/5
x3 dx
16 x2
cot x dx
ln (e sin x)
sin4 x cos2 x dx
Z
x tan2 x dx
Z
27.
x dx
16
x4
Z
30.
sin x cos 2x dx
Z
sin3 2x cos3 2x dx
33.
Z
36.
sec2 x dx
sec2 x 3 tan x 1