Expected Class Behavior

CE 3102 / CE 6212

Attendance in the class is compulsory

All students should bring scientific calculators and IS 456
code.

Reinforced Concrete-Behavior and Design

Homework's must be submitted after one week time.

Failing which 20% of mark will be deducted per day delay
Surprise quizzes will be administered in addition to other
exam activities

Dr. S. Suriya Prakash

Assistant Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
IIT Hyderabad

Students absent for two consecutive classes may not be

allowed without any acceptable reasons.

Objectives
To understand behavior of reinforced concrete under
compression, tension, flexure, shear and torsion. (Common
to B-Tech and M-Tech)

Grades
Homework & Quizzes

20%

To practice problem solving in reinforced concrete- design

for flexure, shear and torsion, one-way slab, short column,
footing design (B-Tech)

Mid-Term Exam

25%

Final Exam

35%

Develop interaction curves for combined axial compression

and bending, biaxial bending. Design of slender columns,
two-way slabs, strut and tie modelling (M-Tech)

Design Project

20%

References
Text Book:
Pillai and Menon, Reinforced Concrete Design, Narosha
Publishers, 3rd Edition, 2008
Other References:
J.G. MacGregor, Reinforced Concrete - Mechanics &
Design, 4th Ed., Prentice Hall, 2008
Arthur H. Nilson, David Darwin and Charles Dolan,
Reinforced Concrete Design, Design of Concrete
Structures, McGraw Hill, 14th Edition, 2009
R. Park and T. Paulay, Reinforced Concrete Structures,
John Wiley & Sons, 1975

Concrete the New Generation Material

Concrete is one of the most extensively
used materials worldwide
On average, more than two tons per year is produced
for every man, woman and child on Earth, making its
use second only to water.

References
Code Books:
IS 456 : 2000 Plain and reinforced concrete Code of
practice (fourth revision)
SP 16 : 1980 Design Aids (for Reinforced Concrete) to IS
456 : 1978.
IS 875 (Parts 1-5) : 1987 Code of practice for design
loads (other than earthquake) for buildings and structures
(second revision)
SP 24 : 1983 Explanatory Handbook on IS 456 : 1978
SP 34 : 1987 Handbook on Concrete Reinforcement and
Detailing

Concrete a Historic Perspective

Roman concrete (also called Opus
caementicium) was a material used in
construction during the late Roman
Republic through the whole history of
the Roman Empire.
Roman concrete was based on a
hydraulic-setting cement with many
material qualities similar to modern
Portland cement.

Ref. Wikipedia

Historical Development

Bending Stresses in a Beam

-Roman Pantheon, 126 AD

-144 ft span longest span till 19th century
-Built with different aggregates including broken bricks

http://www.arch.mcgill.ca/prof/sijpkes/abc-structures-2005/Lectures-2005/term-work/50-questions/sixth-five.html

-Joseph Aspidin in 1834 invented cement

-Joseph Monier (1850) break through for RCC
-Working Stress Method from 1900 to 1950
-Freyssinet (1928) developed Prestresed concrete

Beginning of Reinforced Concrete

http://www.arch.mcgill.ca/prof/sijpkes/abc-structures-2005/Lectures-2005/term-work/50-questions/sixth-five.html

Reinforced Concrete Structures

Bhurj Khalifa, Dubai
160 storey + at 829.84 m
tall.
Structural concept : Tube
System

http://www.arch.mcgill.ca/prof/sijpkes/abc-structures-2005/Lectures-2005/term-work/50-questions/sixth-five.html

Buttressed core consists

of a hexagonal core
reinforced by three
buttresses that form the
Y' shape

Reinforced Concrete Structures

What is Reinforced concrete?

PETRONAS Towers

Concrete is poor in tensile strength.

Two 88+ (5 basement)

towers at 379 m) tall.

Steel reinforcement is added to provide the tensile

Structural concept :
Tubular Structure with
shear walls and
concrete frames.
External cladding with
stainless steel and
glass panels

Reinforced Concrete Elements

Ref: MacGregor (2007)

strength, but steel is poor in compressive strength itself.

Reinforced Cement Concrete is combination of concrete
and steel.
In RCC, the compressive strength is provided by the
concrete and tensile strength is provided by steel

Reinforced Concrete Elements

Ref: MacGregor (2007)

Gravity Load Transfer

Lateral Load Transfer

Ref: Pillai and Menon (2009)

Lateral Force Resisting Systems

Ref: Pillai and Menon (2009)

Advantages of RCC
RCC has high compressive strength
Great resistance to fire and water
RCC structures are rigid
Has long service life
Has low maintenance cost
Versatile-can be used for all structural components like footings,
columns, beams and slabs etc.
Can be molded to the desired form and shape
Use locally available material in most of the areas.
Lower grade of skilled labor required for casting and steel
fabrication.

Ref: Pillai and Menon (2009)

Can you name some more advantages?

Disadvantages of RCC

Compatibility of Concrete and Steel

Without sufficient tensile reinforcement, RCC is poor in

tensile strength.

Concrete (Strong in Compression) + Steel (Strong in

Tension)

Forms are essential for the concrete works. Formwork

constitute a big part of the concrete cost

Very good bond between steel and concrete

For long span structures, the RCC sections may become

very heavy as compared to steel members
The quality control and mix proportioning has dominant
effect on the properties of concrete.
The shrinkage of concrete due to drying and temperature
effects.
Creep effect: the Deformation under long term sustained
loading

Concrete and steel work very well together as their

thermal coefficient of expansion is nearly equal 0.000010
to 0.000013 for concrete and 0.000012 for steel per
degree Celsius
Negligible internal stresses resulting from temperature
changes resulting in good bond between the two
materials.
Steel is susceptible to corrosion but concrete provides
protection leading to higher durability