76.

45 TERMODINMICA DE LOS PROCESOS

COMPENDIO DE TABLAS Y GRFICOS

2015

NDICE

Magnitudes fundamentales y derivadas

SI - Unidades y factores de conversin

Unidades frecuentes y factores de conversin

Factores de conversin (orden alfabtico)

USCS Unidades y factores de conversin

Propiedades caractersticas de especies puras

Constantes crticas de compuestos puros

10

Mtodo de Riedel y Lydersen

12

Constantes de Antoine

14

Tablas de saturacin

15

Nomograma de Watson

24

Grfica de Giacalone

25

Tablas de Lydersen, Greenkorn y Hougen

26

Tablas de Lee y Kesler

37

Capacidades calorficas

53

Entalpas estndar y energa de Gibbs de formacin

55

Capacidades calorficas medias de gases

56

Capacidades calorficas a presin nula

58

Tablas de discrepancias de entalpa

61

Ecuaciones de estado

67

Nomograma de DePriester

75

Diagrama de Merkel

79

Diagrama etanol agua

81

Base units

kilogram..-.---.

Derived units with special names

--- ------

(kgm/s2)

m2
----,

I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
i

Length

second ..---...

I
I
I
l

Time
mole

LJ

r='l

Amount of substance

ampere

condelo

..---..

r::;-i

Luminous
inter1$ify
Supplementary units

radian

r:::-,

Magnetic
flux
density

Plane ongie
sterndion ----.

sr

--r-

Solid angle

f!G. 11

I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
---------l
I
I
I
!
(lm/m }
I
2
-- - !!!. ..., - _ J

Ill u minonce
Solid lines indicoie multip!icotioo;
Broken lines, division

Grnpllic relationships of SI units with names ( U.S. National Bureau of Standards, LC 1078, December 1976.)

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Compendio_v2015.Pag1

Quantity -CT ..dimension"

Base quantity or 'dimension-

length
.mass
time
elect."'ic cu1-i-eni.:
tltennodynm:ni:c temperature
amount of substance
luminous intensity
Supplementary quantity or '"dimeru;ion"
plane angle
solid angTc

SI unit S\1nbol
("abbre,tion");
Use roman
(upright) type

SI unit

m
ko
"'

meter
kilogrrun
second
ampere
kelvin
mole"
candcla

A
K
mo!
cd

radian
steradian

rad
sr

'When the mole is used, the elementmy entities must be specified; they n,a_y
be atoms, molecules, ions, electrons, other particles, or specified groups of such
JYarticles.
,ABU 1-2a Derived Units of SI that Have Spe;:ial Names
Quantity

frequency (of a periodic phenomenon)

force
pressnr4::, stress
Bi1ergy, ,voYk, quantity of heat
power, radiant flux
quantity of electricit)\ electric charge
electric potential, potential difference,
electro.n10tive force
capacitance
electric resistance
conductance
magnetic !lux
magnetic-!lux density
inducta..nce
luminous flux
illnminance
activity ( of radionuclides)
absorbed dose

Unit

hertz
newton
pascal
joule
watt
coulomb
volt

farad
ohm
siemeus
weber
tesla
henry
lnmen
lux
becquerel
rrrav
"'.

Symbol
Hz
N
Pa

J
w
c
v
F

Wb
T
H
Im

Ix

Bq
Cy

Fom1ula

l!s
(kgm)/s2
Nim'
Nm
Jls

As

W/A

CN

VIA
A/V
V-s
Wblm2
WblA
cdsr
lm/m2
l!s
Jlkg

TABll 1-2b Additional Common Derived Units of SI

Unit

Quantity

meter per second squared

radian per second squared
radian per second
square meter
mole per cubic meter

acceleration
angular acceleration
angular velocity
area
concentration ( of amount of
substance)
current density
density, mass
electric-cha.--ge density
electric-field strength
electric-llm, dcnsitv
energy density
entropy
heat capacit)
heat-flux densitv,
irradiance
luminance
magnetic-field strength
molar energy
molar entropy
molar-heat capacity
moment of force
permeability
permittivity
radiance

ampere per square meter

kilogram per cubic meter
coulomb per cubic meter
volt per meter
coulonib per square meter
joule per cubic meter
joule per kekin
joule per kehn
vvatt per square meter

candela per square meter

ampere per meter
joule per mole
joule per mole-kelvin
joule per mole-kelvin
nev>.rton-meter
hen7 per meter
faraa per meter
vvatt per square-met:e:rsteradian
watt per steradian
joule per ldlogrm11-kelvin
joule per kilogram
joule per kilogram-kelvin
cubic meter per Jdlogram
newton per meter
watt per-1neter-kelvin
meter per second
pascal-second
square meter per second
cubic meter
1 per meter

radiant interu;ity
specific-heat capacit)'
specific energy
specific entropy
specific volume
surface tension
thennal conducmit)'
velocity
viscosity dJ'Ilamic
,;scosity, kinematic
volume
wavenumber

TABLE 1-3 SI Prefixes

Multiplication factor

000 = l0 18
000 = 10 J5
000 = 1012
000 = 109
000 = 1()6
000= 103
100= 10"
10= 10'
0.1 = 10-1
0.01 = 10-2
0.001 = 10--'3
0.000 001 = 101
0.000 000 001 = 10-9
0.000 000 000 001 = 10-12
0.000 ooo ooo ooo 001 = 10-13
0.000 000 000 000 000 001 = 10-rn
1 000 000 000
1 000 000
1 000
I

000
000
000
000
1

000
000
000
000
000
l

Generally to be avoided.

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Prefix

exa
peta
tera
giga
mega

kilo

hectoi:.
dek-a
deci
centi
rnilli
micro
nano
pico
femto
atto

Symbol

mil
radls2
rad!s
m2
mo]/m3

A/m.2
kglm3
C/m3
Vim
Clm'
T/m3

JIK
JIK

'Wlm2

cd!m2
Alm
J/mol
J/(molK)
J/(mol-K)
Nm
Him
F/m
Wl(m2 sr)

W/sr
J/(kgK)
J/kg
J/(kgK)
m"lkg
Nim
W/(mK)
n1/s
Pas
m2/s

ni

1/m

Symbol
E
p
T

le
h

da
d
c
m

f
a

Mass (M)

Length (L)

Area (L")

Volume(L')

T,me(0)

1 pound mass =453.5924 grams

=0.45359 kilograms
=7000 grains
=32.174 pounds mass
I slug
1 ton (short) =2000 pounds mass
1 ton (long) =2240 pounds mass
1 ton (metric)=1000 kilograms
=2204.62 pounds mass
1 pound mole =453.59 gram moles
=30.480 centimeters
=0.3048 meters
=2.54 centimeters
l inch
=0.0254 meters
1 mile (U.S.) =1.60935 kilometers
=0.9144 meters
1 yard
1 foot

1 square foot = 929.0304 square c-entimeters

=0.09290304 square meters
1 square i11ch =6.4516 square centimeters
1 square yard =0.836127 square meters
1 cubic foot =28,316.85 cubic centimeters
=0.02831685 cubic meters
=28.31685 liters
=7.481 gallons (U.S.)
=3.7853 liters
1 gallon
=231 cubic inches
l hour

=60 minutes
=3600 seconds

Temperature (T)
=1.8 Fahrenheit degree
l centigrade or Celsius degree
= T'C + 273.1.5
Temperature, Kelvin
= T'F + 459.7
Temperature, Rankine
=9/5 T'C + 32
T;,mperature, Fahrenheit
Temperature, centigrade or Celsius= 5/9 ( T'F -32)
=1.8 TK
Temperature. Rankine
Force(F)
l pound force =444,822.2 dynes
=4.448222 Newtons
=32.174 poundals
Pressure (F/I})
Normal atmospheric pressure

1 atm=760 millimeters of mercmy at 0 C

(density 13.5951 glcnl')
=29.921 inches of mercury at 32 F
=14.696 pounds force/square inch
=33.899 feet of water at .39.1 F
=1.01325 x 106 d)01es/square centimeter
=1.0132.5 x 1()5 Newtons/square meter
3
Densiiy
(MIL )
1 pound mass/cubic foot=0.01601846 grams/cubic centimeter
=16.01846 lcilogram/cubic meter
Energy
- (Hor FL)
l British thermal unit=251.98 calories
= 1054.4 joules
=777.97 foot-pounds force
= 10.409 liter-atrnospheres
=0.29.30 watt-hour
Diffnsi,ity (L2/0)
- 1 square foot/hour=0.258 cm'ls
=2.58 x 10-.i m2/s
Viscosil-'v (MILO)
l pound mass/foot hour=0.00413 glcm s
0.000413 kg/m s
=0.01 poise
1 centipoisc
=0.01 glcm s
=0.001 kglm s
=0.000672 lbm/ft s
=0.0000209 lb,s/ft'
Thennal conductivity [H/0L2(TIL)]

1 Btu/hr ft'' ( F/ft) =0.00413 calls en/ ( C/cm)

=1.728 Jls rn2 ( C/m)
Heat transfer coefficient
l Btu/hr ft2 F=.5.678 J/s m2 C
Heat capacity (H/MT)
1 Btu!lhm F = I cal/g C
=4184 J/kg C
Gas constant
1.987 Btu/lbm mole 0R=1.987 cal/mo! K
= 82.057 atm cm3/mo! K
=0.7302 atrn fr'llb mole F
= 10.73 (lb,!in.2) (ft')l]b mole 0 R
=1545 (lb,!&2) (ft')!lb mole 0R
=8.314 (N/m2) (m3 )/mol K
Gravitational acceleration
g=9.8066 m/s2
=32.174 ftls2

NOTE: U.S. customary units; or British m1its, on left and SI m1its on right.
OAdapted from Faust et al., Principles of Unit Operations, John Wiley and Sons, 1980.

TABI..E 1S

Kinematic-'ilisoosity Conversion formulas

Viscosity scale
Saybolt Universal
Saybolt Furol
Redwood No. l
Redwood Admiralty
Engler

Range of
t sec
32< t< 100
t> 100
25<t<40
t>40
34<t<100
t> 100

Kinematic viscosity,
stokes
0.00226t- l.95/t
0.00220t- l.35/t
0.0224t- l.84/t
0.0216t-0.60/t
0.00260t- l.79/t
0.00247t-0.50/t
0.027t- 20/t
0.00147t-3.74/t

TABLE 1-9
Temp.
scale

Values of the Gas-I.aw Constant

Press.
units

Vol.
milts

Kelvin
ahn.
atm.
mm.Hg
bar
kg/cm'
atm
mm Hg

cm:1
liters
liters
liters
liters

ft'
ft3

Rankine
atm

in Hg
mn1Hg
lb/in2abs
lb/lrabs

ft'
ft"
ft'
ft'
ft3

Wt
units

Energy
units

g-moles
g-moles
g-moJes
g-rnoles
g-moles
g-moles
g-moles
g-moles
lb-moles
lb-moles
lb-moles
lb-moles
lb-moles
lb-moles
lb-moles
lb-moles
lb-moles
lb-moles
lb-moles

calories
joules (abs)
joules (int)
atmcm3
atu1 liters
mm Hg-liters
bar-liters
kgl(cm2)(liters)
atm-lP
mm Hg-ft"
chuorpcu
Btu
hp-hr
kw-hr
atm-ft'
in Hg-ft3

1-18

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Compendio_v2015.Pag3

(lb)(;r;
ft-lb

R
1.9872
8.3144
8.3130
82.057
0.08205
62.361
0.08314
0.08478
1.314
998.9
1.9872
1.9872
0.000780,5
0.0005819
0..7302
21.85
555.0
10.73
154.5.0

iAiLE 1 6 Alphabetical Listing of Common Com.1ersions

1b conve1t from
Acres
Acres
Acres
Acrc-foet
Ampere-hours (absolute)
Angstrom units
Angstrom units
Angstrom unit-;

Atn'iospheres
Atmospheres
Atmospheres
Atmospheres
Atmospheres
Allnospheres
Atmospheres
Atmospheres
Bags (cement)
Barrels (cement)
Barrels (oil)
Barrels (oil)
Barrels (U S. Jiquid)
Barrels (U.S. liquid)
Banels per day

To
Square foet
Square meters
Sqmue miles
Cubic meters
Coulombs (absolute)
Inches
Meters
lV[icrons
Mi!Hmeters of mercury at 32 F
Dynes per square centimeter
Newtons per square meter
Feet of water at :39. l F
Gram_s per square centimeter
Inches of mercury at :12 F
Pounds per square foot
Pounds per square inch
Pounds (cement)
Pounds ( cement)
Cubic meters
Gallons
Cubic meters

Bas

Gallons
Ga!Jons per minute
Atmospheres

ll.t.u.
13.t..u.
B.t.n. per cubic foot
B.t.u. per hour
B.t.n. per minute
B.t.u. per ponnd
B.t.u. per ponncl per degree
Fahrenhe.it
ll.t.u. per pound per degrne
Fahrenheit
B.t.u. per seconrl
B.t.u. per sqm1re foot per hour
ll.t.u. per square foot per minute
B.t.u. per sguo.re foot per second
for " teinperature gradient of
l F. per inch

Pounds per square inch

Cubic feet
B.t.11. per hour
Kllowatts
Calories.(grnm)
Centigrade heat units (c.h.u. or p.c.u.)
Foot-pounds
Horsepower-hows
Joules
Liter-atmospheres
Pounds earbon to CO,
Pounr\s water evaporated from and
at 212'F
Cubic foot-atmospheres
Kilowatt-hours
Joules per cubic meter
'Watt,
Horsepower
Joules per ki.logram
per gram per degree
Calories
t
cen igrade
Joules per kilogram per degree
Kelvin
Watts
Joules per square meter per second
Kilowatts per square foot
Calories, gram (15'C.), per square centimeter er second for a temperalure grnc 'ent of 1 'C. per centimeter

Bars
Bars
BoaJ"dfeet
Boiler horsepower
Boiler horsepower
B.t.u.
B.t.u.
!Hu.
B.t.u.
B.t.n.
B.t.u,
B.t.u.
B.t.11.

Newtons' per square meter

Multiply by
43,560
4074
0.001.563
12'.13
3600
3.9:37 x 10-'
1 x 10-11)
l X 10-1

"160
1.0133 x JO';
101,,325
:33.90
1033.3
29.921
2116.3
14.696
94

:mi

0.15899
42
0.11924
.3] .5
0.02917
0.9869
l x 105
14.504

'112

,3.3,480
9.803
2,52
0.55.556
777.9
3.929x 10-'
1055.J
10.41
6.88 x J.()--5
l

0.00ll:3G
0.3676
2.930 x 10-1
37,260
0.29:307
0.02357
2326

l
4186.8
1054.4
3.1546
0.1758
1.2405

To

To convert From

ll.t,u. (60 F.) per degree Fahrenheit

Bushels (U.S. dry)
Bushels (U.S. dry)
Calories, gram
Calmies, gram

Calories per degree centigrade

Cubic feet

Calories, gram
C,Jories, gram
Calories, grain, per gram per degree C.
C11lories, kilogram
Calories, kilogram per second
Candle power (spherical)
Carats (metric)
Centig.rade heat units
Centimeters
Centimeters

Liter-atrnospheres

Calorics: gram

Centiu1eters

Centimeters
Centimeters
Centimeters of mommy at 0 C.
Centimeters of mercmy at 0C.
Centimeters of mercury at 0 C
Centillleters of mercury at 0 C.
Centimeters of mercury at 0 C.
Centimeters per second

Centimeters of Wllter at- 4 C.

Centistokes
Circular mils
Circular 1nils
Circular mils
Carris
Cubic centimeters
Cubic centimeters
Cubic centimeters
Cnbi.c centin,eters
Cubic feet
Cubic feet
Cubic feet
Cubic feet
Cubic foot
Cubie feet
Cubic foot-atmospheres
Cubic foot-atmospheres
Cubic feet of water ((i0 F.)
Cubic feet per mirmh-
Cubic feet per minute
Cuhie (6et per second

Cubic feet per second

Cubic inches
Cubic yards
Cuiies

Curies
Degrees
Drams ( ap othecaries' or troy)

Cubic t:neters

B.t.u.
Foot-pounds
Joules

Horsepower-hours
Joules per ldlogrnm per degree Kelvin
IGlo-:.vatthours
Kilowatts
Lumens
Grams
B.t.u.
Angstrom 1mits
Feet
Inches
Meters
Microns
Atmospheres
Feet of water at ,39. l F.
Newtons per square meter
Pound.s per squarn foot
Pounds per square inch
Feet per minute

Newtons per square meter

Square meters per second
Square centimeters
Square inches
Square mils
Cubic feet
Cubic feet
Gallons
Ounces (U.S. fluid)
Quarts (U.S. lluid)
Bushels (U.S.)
Cubic centimeters

Cubic meters
Cubic yards
Gallons
Liters

Foot-pounds
I ,Her-atmospheres
Pounds

Cubic centimeters per second

Gallons per second

Gallons per minute
Million gallons per day
Cuhic meters

Cubic meters

Disi.nte ations per minute

Coulom s per minute

Radians
Graml:i

Mnltiplyb)'
,J53.6
1.2444
0.03524
3.968 x 10-:i
3.087
41868
4.130 )( 10-2
1.559] )( 10-<;
4186.8
0.0011626
4.18,5
12.556
0.2
1.8
l x 108
0.03281
0.3937
0.01
10,000
0.013158
0.4460
13:33.2
27.845
0.193.37
1.968.5
98.064
1 x 10-0
.5.067 x 10..(j
7.854 x 10-7
0.7854
128
3.5:32 x 10--s
2.6417 x 10-1
0 (),3381

0.0010567
0.80:16
28,317
0.028.317
0.0.3704
7.481
28.316
2116.3
28.316
!i2.37
472.0
0.1247
448.8
0.646.32
1.6387 x 10-1
0.764,SG
2.2 x 10"
1.1 x 10 12
0.017453
3.888
115

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'fASlE 16 Alphabetical Listing of Common Conversions

To

To convert from
Drams (avo.irdupois)
Dynes
Ergs
Farndays
Fatl1oms
Feet
Feet per minute
Feet per minute
Feet per (second)'
Feet of water at :39.2F.
Foot-poundals
Foot-pouudals
Footpoundals
Foot-pounds
Foot-pounds
Foot-pounds
Foot-pounds
Foot-pounds
Foot-pounds
Foot-potmds force
Foot-pounds per second
Foot-pounds per second
F11rlongs
Gallons (U.S. J.iquid)
Callmis
Gallons
Gallons
Gallons
Gallons
Gallons per minute
Callous per minute
Graius
Grain$

Grnin,1 per cubic fool:

Cralnsper. gallon
Grams
Grams
Grams
Grams
Grams
Grci.ms
Grains per cubic centimeter

Grams
Newtons
Joules
Coulombs (abs.)
Feet
Meters
Centimeters per second
Miles per hour
Meters per (second)'
Newtons per square meter
B.t.u.
Joules
Liter-atmospheres
B.t.u.
Caki1ies, gram
Footpoundals
!"Iorsepower-hours
Kilowatt-hours
Lit.e1atmospheres
Joules
Horsepower
Kilowatts

Miles

Barrels (U.S. liquid)

Cubic meters
Cubic foet
Gallons (Imperial)
Liters
Ounces (U.S. Ilu.id)
Cubic feet per hour
Cubic feet per seeonrl
Grams
Pounds
Crams per cubic meter
Parts per million
Drams (avoirdupois)
Drams (troy)
Grains
Kilogi'arns
Pounds (avoirdupois)
Pounds ( troy)
Pounds per cubic foot

(Concluded)

To convert from

Multiply by
1.7719
l x 10-s
l x 10-7
96,,500
6

o.:3048

0.5080
O,Ol 1:l64
0.3048
2989
3.995 x 103
0.04214
4.159 x I0--4
0,00128,56
0.32:39
32.174
5.051 x 10-7
3.766 x 10-7
0.01.3381
1.3,558
0.0018182
0.0013,5,58
0.125
0.0:3175
0.003785
0.13368
0.8327
3.785
128
8.021
0.002228
0.06480
!11000

2.2884
17.118
0.5644
0.2572

J.5.432

0.001
0.0022046
0.002679
62.43

Horsepower (British)
Horsepower (metric)
Horsepower (metric)
Hours (mean solar)
Inches
Inches of mercury at 60 F
Inches of water at 60 F
Joules (absolute)
Joules (absolute)
Joules (absolnttJ)
Jottles (absolute)
Joules (absolute)
Joules (absolute)
Kilocalories
Kilograms
Kilograms force
Kilograms per square centimeter
Kilometers

Kilowatt-hours
Kilowatt-h01.1rs
Kilowatts
Knots (international)
Knots (nautical miles per hour)
Lambe1ts
Liter-atmospheres
Liter-atmospheres
Liters
.Liters
Liters
Lum ens
Micro microns
Mier011,S

Microns
Milos (nautical)
Miles (nautical)
Miles
Miles
Miles per hour
Milos per hour
Milliliters
Millimeters

To
Pounds water evaporated per hour

at 212 F
Foot-pounds per second
Kilogram-meters per second
Seconds
Meters
Newtons per square meter

Newtons per square meter

B.t.u. (mean)
Calories, gram ( mean)
Cubic foot-atmospheres
Foot-pounds
Kilowatt-hours
Llte,atmospheres
Joules
Pounds (avoirdupois)
Newtons

Pounds per sqmu-e inch

Miles

B.t.u.

Foot-pounds
Horsepower
Meters per second
Miles per hour
Candles per squa.re incl1
Cubic foot-atmospheres
Foot-pounds
Cubic feet
Cubic meters
Gallons
Watts
Microns
Angshom units
Meters
Feet
Miles (U.S. statute)
Feet
Meters
Feet per second
Meters per second
Cubic centimeters

Meters

1-16

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Compendio_v2015.Pag5

Multiply by
2.64
542.47
7,5.0
3600
0.0254
3,376.9
248.84
9.480 x 10-1
0.2389
0.3485
0.7:376
2.7778 x 107
0.009869
4186.8
2.2046
9.807
14.223
0.6214

:3414
2.6552 x JO"
1.:3410
0.5144
J.1,516
2.054
0.035:32
74.74
0.03532
0.00]
0.2fi418
0.001496
l X 10-G
lxW1
1 x 10-1;
6080
1.1516
.5280
1609.:3
1.4667
0.4470
l
0.001

Crams per cuhk centimeter

Grams per liter
Grams per liter
Grams per s quare centimeter
Grams per square centimeter
Hectares
Hectares
Horsepower (British)
Horsepower (JMtish)
Horsepower (British)
Horsepower (B,itish)
IInrsepuwcr (British)
Horsepower (B,itish)
Horsepower (British)
P,1unds (avoirdnpoi.s)
Pounds (avoirdupois)
Pounds (avoirdupois)
Pom1cls per cubic foot
Pounds per cubic foot
Pounds per square foot
Pounds per square foot
Pounds per square i11eh
Pounds per square iueh
Pounds )?Cr square inch
Pom,ds loree
Ponnds force per square foot
Pounds water evaporated from
and at 2l.2'F.
I'ound-conti;"d unit, (p.e.n,)
Quarts (U.S. 1qmd)
Hadian.,
Revolutions per mi11ute
Seconds (ungle)
Slugs
Slugs
Slugs
Square centimeters

Pounds per gallon

Grains per gallon
Pounds per cubic foot
Pounds per square foot
Pounds per square .inch

Acres

Square meters
B.t.u. per minute
B.t.u. per hour
Foot-pounds per minute
Foot-pounds per second
Watts
Horsepower (metric)
Pounds carho11 to CO,
per hour
Grains
Kilograms
Pounds (troy)
Grams per cubic centimeter
Kilogl'ams per cuhic meter
At1nospl,eres
Kilograms pet square meter
Atmospheres
Kilograms per square centimeter
Newtons per square nieter
Newtons
Newtons per square meter
l':lor.epower-hours
B.Lu.
Cuhk meters
De rees
Ra ians per second
Radians
Gee pounds
Kilograms
Po11nds
Sc1uare feet

8.345
,58.42
0.0624
2.0482
0.014223
2.471
10,000
42.42
2545
33,000
550
745.7
l.0139
0,175
7000
0.45359
1.21,5;3
0.016018
16.018
4.72,5x JW'
4.882

0.0680.5

0.07031
6894.8
4.4482

47.88

0.:379

1.8
9.464 x 101
57.30

IJ.lll472

4.848 x 10-0
l
14,594
,3217
0,0010764

Millimeters of mercury at 0 C.
Millimierons
Mils
Mils
Minims (U.S.)
Minutes (nngle)
Minutes (mean solar)
Newtons
Ounces (avoirdupois)
Otmces (avoirdupois)
Ounces (U.S. fluid)
Ounces (bov)
Pints (U.S. liquid)
Poundals

Newtons per sr1uare meter

Microns
Inches
Meters
Cubic centimeters
Radians
Seconds
Kilograms
Kilograms
Ounces (trov)
Cubi.c metcs
Ounces (apothecaries')
Cubic meters
NeYvtons

Square feet
Square feet per hom
Square inches
Square inches
Square yards
Stokes
Tons (long)
Tons (long)
Tons (metric)
Tons (metric)
Tons (metric)
Tons (short)
Tons (short)
Tons (rnfri.gerntion)
Torm (Brill.sh shipping)
Torn (U:8. shipping)
Torr (mm. mercury, 0 C.)
Watts

Square meters
Square meters per second
Square centimeters
Square meters
Square meters
1are nwters per seconrl
ograms
Pounds
Kilogrnnis
Pounds
Tons (short)
Kilograms
Pounds
B.t,u. per hour
Cubic feet
Cubic feet
Newtons per square meter
B t.u. per hour
Joules per second
Kilogram-meters per second
Joules
fotcrs

Watts

Watts
Watt-hours
Yards

133.32

0,00]

() 0()1
2.54x J0-5
0.06161
2.909 x JO'"'
60
0.10197

0.02835

0.9115
2.9,57 x l.O''
1.000
4. 732 x J.0-4
0.1:1826
0.0929
2..581 x 10-,;
6.452
6.452 x 10-1
0.8361
l x 10-4

lOHi

2240
1000
2204.6
1.1023
907.18
2000
12,000
42.00
40.00
133.32

,3.41,3
I
0.10187
3600
0.9144

1'17

Copyright 1999 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved, Use of
this product is subject to the terms of its license agreement. Click here to view.

tn

TABLE 1-10 United States Custi:,mary System of Weights;

and Measures
Linear Measure
12 inches(in) or(")= l foot(ft) or(')
3 feet= 1 yard(vd)
16.5 feet
}= 1 :o<l( t)
5.5 yards
5280 feet]
= I mile(mi)
320 rodsJ
1 mil= 0.001 inch
Nautical:

TA.BU 1-11 Temperature Conversion Formulas

F=(Cx5/9)+32
C=( F - 32) x5/9
0R= F+459.69
K= C+273.15
'K= 0Rx.5/9

Temperature difference, LiT

'F=-Cx915
NOTE: An extensive table of temperature cmffersions may be found in the
sixth edition of the Handbook(Table l-12).

6080.2 feet= I nautical mile

6 f.,et= I fathom
120 fathoms= I cable length
I knot= ] nautical mile per hour
60 nautical miles= 1 of latitude

Square Measure
144 sq. inches(sq. in) or(in2) or(D")= 1 sq. foot(ff) or(D')
9 sq. feet(ft2)(D')= 1 sq. yard(yd2)
30.2.5 sq. vards= 1 sq. rod. pole. or perch
10 sq. chains
160 sq. rods= {
}= 1 acre
43,560 sq. ft
640 acres= I sq. mile= 1 section
1 circular inch(area of
circle of l inch diameter)= 0.7854 sq. incl1
1 sq. inch= 1.2732 circular inch
l circular mil= area ofcircle of0.001
inch diameter
1.000,000 circular mils= 1 circular inch
Cinu!ar 1\1:easure
60 seconds(")(sec)= 1 minute(min) or(')
60 minutes(')= l degree( 0 )
90 degrees( 0)= 1 quadrant
360 degrees( 0)= 1 circumference
. = 1 radian(rad.)
, I degrees {
;:,_7. 295_8
= 570 17' 44.81"
Volume Measure
Solid:

1728 cubic in(cu. in)(in3)= l cubic foot(cu. ft)(fr')

27 cu. ft= l cubic yard (cu. yd)

D,y Measure:

2 pints= 1 quart
8 quarts= I peck
4 pecks= I bushel
1 United States
Winchester bushel= 2150.42 cubic inches

Liquid:

4 gills= l pint (pt)

2 pints= 1 quart (qt)
4 qnarts= I gallon (gal)
7.4805 gallons= l cubic foot

Apothecaries' Liquid:

60 minims (min. or 1lJ.) = 1 fluid dram or drachm

8 drams ( 3)= l fluid ounce
16 ounces (oz. 3)= l pint

Avoirdupois Weight
16 drams= 437.5 grains= 1 ounce (oz)
16 ounces= 7000 grains= 1 pound (lb)
100 pounds= 1 htmdredweight (cwt)
2000 pounds= 1 short ton: 2240 pounds= l long ton
Troy Weight
24 grains= I pennyweight (dwt)
20 pem1)Veights= l ounce (oz)
12 ounces = 1 pound (lb)
Apothecaries' Weight
20 grains ()= 1 scruple (;;,)
3 scmples= 1 dram ( 3)
8 drams= I onnce al )
12 onnces= l pound (lb)

1-19

Copyright 1999 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserveq, Us of

this product is subject to the terms of its license agreement. Click here to view.

Compendio_v2015.Pag7

APENDICEB. Propiedades de especies puras

680

Tabla B.1: Propiedades caracteristicas de espedes puras

Masa
molar
Metano
Etano
Propano
n-Butano
n-Pentano
n-Hexano
n-Heptano
n-Octano
n-Nonano
n-Decano
Isobutano
Isooctano
Ciclopentano
Ciclohexano
Metilciclopentano
Metilciclohexano
Etileno
Propileno
1-Buteno
cis-2-Buteno
trans-2-Buteno

1-Hexeno
Isobutileno
1,3-Butadieno
Ciclohexeno
Acetileno
Benceno
Tolueno
Etilbenceno
Cumeno
o-Xileno
m-Xileno
p-Xileno
Estireno
Naftaleno
Bifenilo
Fonnaldehido
Acetaldehido
Acetato de metilo
Acetato de etilo
Acetona
Metil etil cetona
Eter diet11ico
Eter metil t-butiJico

16.043
30.070
44.097
58.123
72.150
86.177
100.204
114.231
128.258
142.285
58.123
114.231
70.134
84.161
84.161
98.188
28.054
42.081
56.108
56.108
56.108
84.161
56.108
54.092
82.145
26.038
78.114
92.141
106.167
120.194
106.167
106.167
106.167
104.152
128.174
154.211
30.026
44.053
74.079
88.106
58.080
72.107
74.123
88.150

(V

0.012
0.100
0.152
0.200
0.252
0.301
0.350
0.400
0.444
0.492
0.181
0.302
0.196
0.210
0.230
0.235
0.087
0.140
0.191
0.205
0.218
0.280
0.194
0.190
0.212
0.187
0.210
0.262
0.303
0.326
0.310
0.326
0.322
0.297
0.302
0.365
0.282
0.291
0.331
0.366
0.307
0.323
0.281
0.266

TclK

Pc/bar

190.6
305.3
369.8
425.1
469.7
507.6
540.2
568.7
594.6
617.7
408.1
544.0
511.8
553.6
532.8
572.2
282.3
365.6
420.0
435.6
428.6
504.0
417.9
425.2
560.4
308.3
562.2
591.8
617.2
631.1
630.3
617.1
616.2
636.0
748.4
789.3
408.0
466.0
506.6
523.3
508.2
535.5
466.7
497.1

45.99
48.72
42.48
37.96
33.70
30.25
27.40
24.90
22.90
21.10
36.48
25.68
45.02
40.73
37.85
34.71
50.40
46.65
40.43
42.43
41.00
31.40
40.00
42.77
43.50
61.39
48.98
41.06
36.06
32.09
37.34
35.36
35.11
38.40
40.51
38.50
65.90
55.50
47.50
38.80
47.01
41.50
36.40
34.30

Zc
0.286
0.279
0.276
0.274
0.270
0.266
0.261
0.256
0.252
0.247
0.282
0.266
0.273
0.273
0.272
0.269
0.281
0.289
0.277
0.273
0.275
0.265
0.275
0.267
0.272
0.271
0.271
0.264
0.263
0.261
0.263
0.259
0.260
0.256
0.269
0.295
0.223
0.221
0.257
0.255
0.233
0.249
0.263
0.273

Ve
cm3 mol-1
98.6
145.5
200.0
255.
313.
371.
428.
486.
544.
600.
262.7
468.
258.
308.
319.
368.
131.
188.4
239.3
233.8
237.7
354.
238.9
220.4
291.
113.
259.
316.
374.
427.
369.
376.
379.
352.
413.
502.
115.
154.
228.
286.
209.
267.
280.
329.

Tn!K

111.4
184.6
231.l
272.7
309.2
341.9
371.6
398.8
424.0
447.3
261.4
372.4
322.4
353.9
345.0
374.1
169.4
225.5
266.9
276.9
274.0
336.3
266.3
268.7
356.1
189.4
353.2
383.8
409.4
425.6
417.6
412.3
411.5
418.3
491.2
528.2
254.1
294.0
330.1
350.2
329.4
352.8
307.6
328.4

.........
uras

681
Tabla B.1: (Continua)
Masa
molar

l1

(J)

32.042
Metanol
0.564
46.069
Etanol
0.645
60.096
1-Propanol
0.622
74.123
1-Butanol
0.594
102.177
1-Hexanol
0.579
60.096
2-Propanol
0.668
94.113
Fenol
0.444
62.068
Etilenglicol
0.487
60.053
0.467
A.cido acetico
88.106
0.681
A.cido n-Butfrico
122.123
0.603
Acido benzoico
41.053
Acetonitrilo
0.338
31.057
0.281
Metilamina
45.084
0.285
Etilamina
Nitrometano
61.040
0.348
Tetracloruro de carbono 153.822
0.193
119.377
0.222
Clorofonno
84.932
Diclorometano
0.199
Cloruro de metilo
50.488
0.153
Cloruro de etilo
0.190
64.514
0.250
Clorobenceno
112.558
Tetrafluoroetano
102.030
0.327
39.948
0.000
Argon
0.000
Kripton
83.800
131.30
0.000
Xenon
4.003 -0.390
Helio 4
2.016 -0.216
Hidrogeno
0.022
31.999
Oxigeno
28.014
O.G38
Nitrogeno
Airet
0.035
28.851
Claro
70.905
0,069
Monoxido de carbono 28.010
0.048
Dioxido de carbono
0.224
44.010
Disulfuro de carbono 76.143
0.111
Sulfuro de hidrogeno 34.082
0.094
Di6xido de azufre
64.065
0.245
Tri6xido de azufre
80.064
0.424
Oxido nitrico (NO)
0.583
30.006
6xido nitroso (N20)
44.013
0.141
Cloruro de hidr6geno 36.461
0.132
Cianuro de hidrogeno 27.026
0.410
18.015
Agua
0.345
17.031
Amoniaco
0.253
63.013
A.cido mtrico
0.714
Acido sulfilrico
98.080
tseudoparametros parayN

TcfK

80.97
512.6
61.48
513.9
51.75
536.8
44.23
563.1
35.10
611.4
47.62
508.3
61.30
694.3
77.00
719.7
57.86
592.0
40.64
615.7
751.0
44.70
48.30
545.5
430.1
74.60
56.20
456.2
63.10
588.2
556.4
45.60
54.72
536.4
60.80
510.0
66.80
416.3
52.70
460.4
632.4
45.20
374.2
40.60
150.9
48.98
209.4
55.02
289.7
58.40
5.2
2.28
13.13
33.19
50.43
154.6
126.2
34.00
37.45
132.2
77.10
417.2
132.9
34.99
304.2
73.83
552.0
79.00
89.63
373.5
78.84
430.8
82.10
490.9
180.2
64.80
309.6
72.45
83.10
324.7
53.90
456.7
647.1 220.55
405.7 112.80
68.90
520.0
924.0
64.00

Ve

Zc

cm3 moi-1

TnfK

0.224
0.240
0.254
0.260
0.263
0.248
0.243
0.246
0.211
0.232
0.246
0.184
0.321
0.307
0.223
0.272
0.293
0.265
0.276
0.275
0.265
0.258
0.291
0.288
0.286
0.302
0.305
0.288
0.289
0.289
0.265
0.299
0.274
0.275
0.284
0.269
0.255
0.251
0.274
0.249
0.197
0.229
0.242
0.231
0.147

118.
167.
219.
275.
381.
220.
229.
191.0
179.7
291.7
344.
173.
154.
207.
173.
276.
239.
185.
143.
200.
308.
198.0
74.6
91.2
118.0
57.3
64.1
73.4
89.2
84.8
124.
93.4
94.0
160.
98.5
122.
127.
58.0
97.4
81.
139.
55.9
72.5
145.
177.

337.9
351.4
370.4
390.8
430.6
355.4
455.0
470.5
391.1
436.4
522.4
354.8
266.8
289.7
374.4
349.8
334.3
312.9
249.1
285.4
404.9
247.1
87.3
119.8
165.0
4.2
20.4
90.2
77.3

Pc/bar

= 0.79 y y02 = 0.21. Vea las ecuaciones

239.1
81.7
319.4
212.8
263.1
317.9
121.4
18:0---188.2
298.9
373.2
239.7
356.2
610.0

(6.97)-(6.99)

'N,U-s..

#, ',--._ ,. S4G$ (f,%;'-.*:"':1)>-Y""'?f)'*:.?f)Wtf,j)>0'?:-f<!t4fi

Compendio_v2015.Pag9

Co:s<ST.-1:SH:s crd,ICA5 D:E COH!'UESTOS Ol,GANJCOS

E;s}

Non1br-e
Aciilo ;icelico
.\.Ph i<ld<lo a c<:ti-:o
\x.ctoua
Acetoeitd1o
Acclile11"
1\nilina
J3euceuo
lJrorno\)c.oceoo
1Jut;:idieuo (1,3)
IluUrno (isc)
l\utai,o \n)
Buteno \cis-2}
Buteno _(l)..
_t.,cetalo de i&obutilo
Acido butidco (n)
1'etracioruro -de ,:ar1:v:mo
Clorobc:nceno
Clor,xUfinoi:netano
Clornfob:no
C.rescl (mj
Cidoper1tano
Decano (n)
Dief:ilnrni.na
Dietil etu
Dletil sulforn
Dimc,t;1 etcr
Dhncli! 5!11fmo

ruoi--g

594,8
569,0
5oS,7
547,9
309,5
698,8
562,,
67-0,2
425,0
400,z
415.,2
428,2
,,pg,6

561J5
68,o

'ttD.O
Eti1amina
Acdalo de dilo
.EtiJ. n.lcohol
JJromuro de etilo
C1o:uro de ctHo
rrorrnlatu de etilo
Etile.no
Eiil bencenn
EtiJ mereaptano
Etil 1.11.!li 1 el.er
Elll mct.i l cetona
Oxi<lo <le etilcno
l'luobcm:eno
Freon u

556.4
6_y;,.,4
36:),6
516,6
70-5;l:,
SII .;6
6r9,o
4g6,7
467,0
557,0
401'JJI
503, I
585,0
768,8
775, 0
30.;.,n
456,4
5,3,5
516,:,
503,9
46o,4
50B,5
2oJ,r
619,6
499,0
437,9
533, 0
468,0
559;&
471,2

Frecn A:1
Freon 13
Freon 2:I
Ftcou :u3
lfoptano (n)
ff,::xano (>')
Iodobenceno
Metano
Aceto.to de metilo
:Melila ;nina
Cloruro ,Je metilo
M.c:til alcohol
l'tlctil ciclopenii,uo
F!uornro de metilo
'For:mi:ito de rnehio
Metil merc;iptano
Metil pentano (?)
j\Jeti1 pentri.uo {3)
Nntb:thmo

331,,7
3010
45IiJ
487,3
5.[101J6
507,9
72lr0
1901/
566,9
430, 2
416,3
S'J, 2
332,77
317tS
487.2
<t70i0
497,9
50A17
751,7

J)io:i::crno
Difeuilo

:Ei<:osauo (!!)

57, l

46,-:?
46,6
47,1
61,6
5J,j
48,6
114,6
l\2)7
36,0
37,7
4c,5
39,7
31,4
52,0
45,0
44,6
48iS
54,0
45,0
44,55
20,8
36t6
35,6
39, x
52,6
54, 6 '
50,7
31,8
ir,o
48,20
55,5
37,8
63,0
61,5
52: j o
46,8
50,50
.:;8,2
54, 2
43,4
39,5
7!,0
44,6
43,2

,39,6
3,$,:1
51,0
,3.},7
27,or
29.9:
4,;,6
45,So
46,3.
7J,I
65,9
7S,5
37.36
. 58,0
592
71,4
29y95
30,S
40,6

o, tj!
o,ZlJ
o,l/3
Oil.l,3
0,::274
0,260
0,343
{;!"22i.
0,263
0,255
0 1 1,j6
p,240
0,413
0 ,.. :290
ozt6
o,3o8
0,165
o,:.u;o
0;320
o,::i6o
c,6o:z

o,,qS
0,15,1
o,74
0,150
0,274
0,273
0/2/!
0,262
0,274
0,272
0,277
0,28:
Ot'29j
0,27':!
0,265
0,264
0,294
o,49
0,;6
01247

0,28.1
0,323
0,187
o.zor
012,10

0,261
o,:,:;6
0,300
0,166
0,233

1f2
o,,,j3
Ot l-SI
01 2860,167
o,z15

c,2r
0,235
0146S
0 1 :252
0 ! 243
0,320

o,2:z9
0,124
01}7
0,207
0,221
C,27"
0,13-&
O ,. AJJ.
0,2,,.8

c,:257
O,-A-70
o,?.7
o,'!74
0,267
O t 262
c,255
0,263
0,277

o,,uS
o,1So
01-19/
0d75
0,426
c,368
0,351
0,099
0,,22.S

o.73
0,278
o,1TI
0,:274
o,,6o
. 0/164
0,265
c1 290.
0,:254

c,143
o,r-18
U,3!9
O:,c l,I3
O,l f2.
0,:.49
c,367
0,367

o,zio

J,27J
0,2$I
e,::55
0,276
o,;269

"';') ;; !

o:,.;:

F6nnuia
Nilromd:mo
Nouano (n)
Odano (11)
Pcnbll1o {iso)
Pentauo (Ii)
Pcatnnc (neo)

CI:I,NO,
C,H,0

flci,fo propionko
Prcpil alcohol (11)
Isopropil akollol
I'ropil amina (1i)
Propil benceno
Propilcoo
Trklilamin:i
'friinetila min a
J'ol11wo
Xih:no (in)
Xikno (o)
Xilcno {PJ

c;1-(o,

c, n "

4,(4

32;9
3J,31
3r ,57

42,0!

53, 0
50,2

6!2 t 0

C,H,O
C,H,O

5]7,3
5vSJ
497,0
63S.8
365.,
535,<\
.!l33j3

.,?I.
.__,a,,
c,n.

C c. 1--I i s

C,H,N'
C,H,
C,H, 0
C t.BM

o,;;3

0}311

o,;i50
0,2.s,S
0,1168
o,69

0 1 '.'.:00

0.277

O i '2.2"0

CJ,51

0,303

0,.230

0,3"9

0;242

0,119

0,21-S

JL2

0,44

0.26

r;,25,1

o,75
0,2$7
0,273

45,4

JUpO

40,
41,6
3il 17
36,9
33,9

6,6,S
r,_,J.6
61S,S

01173

0,5,13
O,t;S6
o,30S

53,0

46,S

594,0

c,H ,.

ulm

62,3
2,5

595,0
56<,1,4
46r,o
46<},8
433,76
J/)(J,?

C.1 JI 12
Cn}1 1 s
C,H,,
C He'

1:>ropsno

P,,

T,,
56SO

!itros/
n1ol-g

o,18r
0,403
o i ,;;20

Ot39<1

0,.390

0,.390

0,274

0,1.;:o

Q,278
0,-:60

CONSThN'ili:S C>.h7CllS DP. COfPUESTOS 1 on.cANlCO.S

.Mom;cnto

di polar
(11.c.e.qj

Coinp,ttstos
'.<\ monlncD

. ,\rgu\l

Jlrun10

nit,:ddo de c;trl,f1!JO

,1;.11ihnu ,Jc r,1rb1;\iO

llo116xi1!0 uc l.C'1fU01lO
Clorn
. Ciuu<1gc:uo
iJeH0

1 lidr6gcno
HnJrtnro de 11 id r6ge110
Cl0n,ro tfo hidr6geno
Ci:murn rlc hidr6geuo
'Snlf-t1ro cte lii:lrogeuo
Neon
Nitr6 g-cno
Oxi<1o nH.rico
rer6:{iJn de n!trOgeno
O.\ido uitrosu
Oxigeno
(izon,,

Fosgeno
Fosbmii:a
"fr.lra[Iuo11110 de .silicio
Chr11r0 csl:\ 111dco
:\ ;,-.nf 1c

IJi{iddo de i::nfn..:

i't-16xi,lu de :1.za f1c

.-\g'i.i;t

Compendio_v2015.Pag11

1'6rn1t1la
:l'JH,
,"\

lhJ

cu,,
cs,
co
Cl,

C,N,

.l:lc
r J ..

I l ]tr

HCi
HCts.'
H2 S
Ne

N
t ..

:r-:b
()

N,O

o:

0COCl,
l'lI .,

SiF,
Sn Cl

s
so,
so

['l <'-_)
::.

(cm)
"'i'

lO\ 1

<lcbyc

-Zf

T,, <> l{.

' .17
<o,\')J
01 0

0,0

oc.1;-2.s

02-13

58"
30.1,'.'.!
55:a

Hl"

0,14

0,:5<.)f)
o.75
0,29.;

t\17

0 1 11<)

<\00

<0,015

5,6

<0,015

JJ,3

,18

i :!,9

78

.J,1,5

76, I
50
26
1z 1 S

0,79

363,2

81:.0

c:,,93
o,93

456,7

SJ,3

0,0

r26,2
179,2

32.1.6

IrOJ

373,6
44,5

<o,or5
0,16

4JL

0 ., 29
O,Ii

309,7

o,o

XSq,t\

268
<155

O i t:;

! ,18
o ,5 5

"

,31415

259, r

59t,9

'{ } (x.J'

313
ijJ0,7

1,Rq

647,3

0,0

z,

Ill,]

lJ }

0,1 I,

,,

HH)l-g

405,5
151,2

0 10

, =' :1tm
o

lilros/

491,lj

S,,5

88,9
::;6,9
33,5
65,0

100

/f ,7

49,7

67

o,q75
0,CllJ.1

01 ! 70

o,c-93

0,1:;:4

o,05S
0,065

0 } !00

0,0,'17
O, I.J9

01 0{)$

0,0417
o,<.,g.;
o,05S

o,oS:?

o,:zc;,;

01291

u,276

0 1 J(q.
0,30.}
0,232

o,:,66
0}197

O t 28.j

0,307

0,9I
0,2..56

0,096;;

0,232
01272

0.089.1

0,27:.?

0,071}

Or:.?90

56

0 1 190

36.7
37,0

0,11.3

o,2S5
o,:?7.1

0,jjl

o,2(;7

(>i1,5

1 J6
77,S
S;i,8

-i1S,2

0,12:!
01 'l'l6

t:1,056

0,269

0,::!62
0,230

Calculo de propiedades criticas

Metodo de Riedel - Lydersen
, COEFICIENTE DE COMPRESIBILIDAD CRITICO (Compuestos
polares)
Zc

.2vb

=Lf,3,43+6,7.10-9 (.2vb) z J

}l

= ca/or latente de vaporizaci6n a la temperatura de ebullici6n normal

.. TEMPERATURA CRITICA
8

= Tb = 0,567 +-.;;;:,
{ !::..T)
L. !::..T - \Li
Tc

Th

= temperatura de ebullici6n normal

. VOLillAEN CRITICO
Ve =40+ I;t::..V

.. PRESION CRITICA
.
Mr
P-----
c - {2:M+0,34)

[AP]= atm

..._._

=_

::--)}<::r:;.?!T l#fJ
..

I!':cru:::-.1ENTOS QGE SE EMI'LE.\ I'.-1.TU.. CALCUU.R COr;"S'r:\l'<"TS en Inc.As DE

CO?>IPGESTOS O H.GANICOS

:.

r.

Nu sc utilizan incrcmcntos para el hiclr6gcno. Tc.;dos los c:1tb t'(::5 i' 1 :dicatlu como
librcs cst5.n uniclos a :itomos diferentes de hidrogen-

,..,...,.

.'\.tomos y grnpos at6micos

y

-H J
-CU

=CH

l
I
C

0,227
0,184

en anillo

0,012
0,012

o,2ro
0,192

=CH.
=CH- en auillo

0,018
o,orr

o,r()S
0,154

-15
37

o,o

0,210
(0,154)

(31)

en anillo
- ...

= =C-F
-Cl

0,020
0,013

, ..
-Cy

ei:J. anillo
=CH

-Br
-- I

-0-

en anillo
-OU (en alcoholes)
-OH (en fenoles)
-CHO
CO en anillo
-COO-COOH

y ::;::co

>

f
f

-NH.

>NH.

-CN
-SH

en anillo
en illo
y

ei..

-CH,-CH;- eu anillo

-S--S-- en anillo

( --0,007)
o,o
O,OII
0,005
o,01S
o,017
o,oro
(o,or2)
0,021
(0,014)
o,oS2
(0,035)
0,048
(0,041)
0,017
.o,0S5
o,03r.
_
. :" '0,031
(0,024)
--o,or4
... (0,007)

(o,c6o)
0! 5
()1

(o,ooS)

0,1()3
0,154
0,153
0,224
.0,320
(0,50)
(0,83)
0,16
(0,12)
o,o6
(-0,02)
0,33

. {o, 2)
0,47
(0,4)
0,095
. 0 ,135
(0,09)
07
(0,13)
(0,36)
0,27
(0,24)

55

4l,5

4r

36
36

(36)
1S

49
(70)
(95)
20

(8)
(rS)

(3}
73
(63)
8o
So
:zS

(37)
(27)
(42)
(32)
(So)
55
(45)

Los numeros entre parentesis est.an basados en mny pocos dates e:r:pcrimer:.tald
para ser di gn os de confianza.

---------

Compendio_v2015.Pag13

f ..

APENDJCE B. Propiedades de especies puras

Tabla B.2: Constantes de la ecnadon de Antoine para las presiones de vapor de especies pu:ras
B
lnP sat/kPa=A- --t/0C + C
Calor latente de vaporizaci6n en el punto de ebullici6n normal (i'J.Hn ), y punto de ebullici6n nonnal (t11)
Intervalo de
Par:imetros de la ecuaci6n
6.Hn
temperatura
de Antoine
Nombre
C
B
C
Formula
k:J/mol
Acetona
Acido acetico
Acetronitilo*
Benceno
iso-Butano
n-Butano
1-Butanol
2- Butanol*
iso-Butanol
tert-Butanol

Tetracloruro de carbono
Clorobenceno
1-Clorobutano
Clorofonno
Ciclohexano
Ciclopentano
n-Decano
Diclorometano
Eter dietilico
1,4 Dioxeno
n-Eicosano
Etanol
Etilbenceno
Etilenglicol*
n-Heptano
n-Hexano
Metanol
Acetato de metilo
Metil etil cetona
Nitrometano*
n-Nonano
iso-Octano

n-Octano

n-Pentano
Fenol
1-Propanol
2-Propanol
Tolueno
Agua
o-Xileno
m-Xileno
p-Xileno

C3H60
C2H402
C2H3N
C6Ifi5
C4H10
C4H10
C4H100
C4H100
C4H100
C4H100

cc4

C6HsCl
C4H9Cl
CHCl3
C6H12
C5H10
C10H22
CH2Cl2
C4H100
C4Hg02
Czol42
C2H60
C3H10
C2H602
C7H16
C6H14
CI40
C3H602
C4HgO
CH3N02
C9H20
CgH1s
CgH1s
C5H12
C6Ifi50
C3HgO
C3HgO
C7Hg
H20
CgH10
CsH10
CsH10

14.3145
15.0717
14.8950
13.7819
13.8254
13.6608
15.3144
15.1989
14.6047
14.8445
14.0572
13.8635
13.7965
13.7324
13.6568
13.9727
13.9748
13.9891
14.0735
15.0967
14.4575
16.8958
13.9726
15.7567
13.8622
13.8193
16.5785
14.2456
-14.1334
14.7513
13.9854
13.6703
13.9346
13.7667
14.4387
16.1154
16.6796
13.9320
16.3872
14.0415
14.1387
14.0579

2756.22
3580.80
3413.10
2726.81
2181.79
2154.70
3212.43
3026.03
2740.95
2658.29
2914.23
3174.78
2723.73
2548.74
2723.44
2653.90
3442.76
2463.93
2511.29
3579.78
4680.46
3795.17
3259.93
4187.46
2910.26
2696.04
3638.27
2662.78
2838.24
3331.70
3311.19
2896.31
3123.13
2451.88
3507.80
3483.67
3640.20
3056.96
3885.70
3358.79
3381.81
3331.45

228.060
224.650
250.523
217.572
248.870
238.789
182.739
186.500
166.670
177.650
232.148
211.700
218.265
218.552
220.618
234.510
193.858
223.240
231.200
240.337
132.100
230.918
212.300
178.650
216.432
224.317
239.500
219.690
218.690
227.600
202.694
220.767
209.635
232.014
175.400
205.807
219.610
217.625
230.170
212.041
216.120
214.627

-26-77
24-142
-27-81
6-104
-83-7
-73-19
37-138
25-120
30-128
10-101
-14-101
29-159
-17-79
-23-84
9-105
-35-71
65-203
-38-60
-43-55
20-105
208-379
3-96
33-163
100-222
4-123
-19-92
-11-83
-23-78
-8-103
56-146
46-178
2-125
26-152
-45-58
80-208
20-116
8-l<li.
13-13
0-200
40-172
35-166
35-166

29.10
23.70
30.19
30.72
21.30
22.44
43.29
40.75
41.82
39.07
29.82
35.19
30.39
29.24
29.97
27.30
38.75
28.06
26.52
34.16
57.49
38.56
35.57
50.73
31.77
28.85
35.21
30.32
31.30
33.99
36.91
30.79
34.41
25.79
46.18
41.44
39.85
33.18
40.66
36.24
35.66
35.67

56.2
117.9
81.6
80.0
-11.9
-0.5
117.6
99.5
107.8
82.3
76.6
131.7
78.5
61.1
80.7
49.2
174.1
39.7
34.4
101.3
343.6
78.2
136.2
197.3
98.4
68.7
64.7
56.9
79.6
101.2
150.8
99.2
125.6
36.0
181.8
97.2
82.2
110.6
100.0
144,4
139.1
138.3

Basado principalmente en la infonnaci6n presentada por B.E. Poling, J. M. Prausnitz y J. P. O'Connell,

The Properties of Gases and Liquids, 5a ed., Apendice A, McGraw-Hill, Nueva York, 2001.
* Parametros de Antoine adaptados de Gmehling y colaboradores. Vease pie de pagina 2, p. 791.
t Para,metros A de Antoine ajustados para reproducir el valor listado de tn.

Compendio_v2015.Pag15

Compendio_v2015.Pag17

l













p

Compendio_v2015.Pag19

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Compendio_v2015.Pag35

Compendio_v2015.Pag37

Compendio_v2015.Pag39

Compendio_v2015.Pag41

Compendio_v2015.Pag43

Compendio_v2015.Pag45

Compendio_v2015.Pag47

Compendio_v2015.Pag49

Compendio_v2015.Pag51

Compendio_v2015.Pag53

Compendio_v2015.Pag55

Compendio_v2015.Pag57

Compendio_v2015.Pag59

Compendio_v2015.Pag61

Compendio_v2015.Pag63

Compendio_v2015.Pag65

Compendio_v2015.Pag67

Compendio_v2015.Pag69

Compendio_v2015.Pag71

Compendio_v2015.Pag73

K (or DePriester) Chart (low T range) in American Engineering Units

[from Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics (7th ed) by Smith, J.M., Van
Ness, H.C., and Abbott, M.M.]

Compendio_v2015.Pag75

K (or DePriester) Chart (high T range) in American Engineering Units

[from Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics (7th ed) by Smith, J.M., Van
Ness, H.C., and Abbott, M.M.]

K (or DePriester) Chart (low T range) in SI Units

[from Chemical Engineering Progress (by AIChE), Vol. 74(4), pp. 85-86]

Compendio_v2015.Pag77

K (or DePriester) Chart (high T range) in SI Units

[from Chemical Engineering Progress (by AIChE), Vol. 74(4), pp. 85-86]

Compendio_v2015.Pag79

Compendio_v2015.Pag81