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[Firstpublishedthreedaysaftertheelectionatthe CentreforResearchonGlobalization (5November2004),


http://www.globalresearch.ca/articles/KEE411A.html, and available also at www.globalresearch.ca/footprints
ofelectoralfraudthenovember2exitpollscam/115.Thisessayalsoappearedonlineattwentyotherwebsites
in2004and2005;itwasrepublishedbytheCentreforResearchonGlobalizationon23October2012underthe
titleRecallingthe2004USPresidentialElection:TheFootprintsofElectoralFraud,asbeingofparticular
relevanceinrelationtotheforthcomingNovember2012presidentialelection.Acorrectionhasbeenmadeto
onesentenceoftheoriginaltext,asindicatedinnote3.]

[Index:USpolitics,electoralfraud]
[Date:November2004]

FootprintsofElectoralFraud:
TheNovember2ExitPollScam

MichaelKeefer

Republican electoral fraud in the 2004 presidential election was widely


anticipated byinformedobserverswhosewarningsabouttheopportunities forfraud
offeredbyblackboxvotingmachinessuppliedandservicedbycorporationsclosely
alignedwithRepublicaninterests(andusedtotallynearlyathirdofthevotescaston
November2)havebeenamplyborneoutbytheresults.1
1

Amongthewarnings,seeBevHarris,BlackBoxVoting:BallotTamperinginthe21stCentury(Talion
Publishing/BlackBoxVoting;freeinternetversionavailableatwww.BlackBoxVoting.org);InfernalPress,
HowGeorgeW.BushWonthe2004PresidentialElection(InfernalPress,25June2003);SteveMoore,
EDemocracy:StealingtheElectionin2004(GlobalOutlook,No.8,Summer2004);andGregPalast,
AnElectionSpoiledRotten(www.TomPaine.com,1November2004).Earlyassessmentsoftheelection
includeGregPalast,KerryWonHerearetheFacts(www.TomPaine.com,4November2004);and

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Oneoftheclearindicatorsofmassiveelectoralfraudwasthewidedivergence,
bothnationallyandinswingstates,betweenexitpollresultsandthereportedvotetallies.
Themajorvillains,itwouldseem,werethesuppliersoftouchscreenvotingmachines.
Thereappearstobeevidence,however,thatthecorporationsresponsibleforassembling
votecountingandexitpollinformationmayalsohavebeencomplicitinthefraud.
Untilrecently, themajorAmericancorporate infomedia networks (ABC, CBS,
NBC,CNN,Fox,andAP)reliedonaconsortiumknownastheVoterNewsServicefor
votecounting and exit poll information. But following the scandals and consequent
embarrassmentsofthe2000and2002elections,thisconsortiumwasdisbanded.Itwas
replacedin2004byapartnershipofEdisonMediaResearchandMitofskyInternational
knownastheNationalElectionPool.
TheNationalElectionPoolsowndataastransmittedbyCNNontheeveningof
November2andtheearlymorningofNovember3suggestverystronglythattheresults
oftheexitpollswerethemselvesfiddledlateonNovember2inordertomaketheir
numbersconformwiththetabulatedvotetallies.
Itisimportanttorememberhowlargethediscrepancywasbetweentheearlyvote
talliesandtheearlyexitpollfigures.Bythetimepollswereclosingintheeasternstates,
thevotecountfigurespublishedby CNN showedBushleadingKerrybyamassive11
percentmargin.2At8:50p.m.EST,Bushwascreditedwith6,590,476votes,andKerry
with 5,239,414. This margin gradually shrank. By 9:00 p.m., Bush purportedly had
8,284,599votes,andKerry6,703,874;by9:06p.m.,Bushhad9,257,135,andKerryhad
7,652,510,givingtheincumbenta9percentlead,with54percentofthevotetoKerrys
45percent.
Atthesametime,embarrassinglyenough,thenationalexitpollfiguresreported
byCNNshowedKerryasholdinganarrowbutpotentiallydecisiveleadoverBush.At
9:06p.m.EST,theexitpollsindicatedthatwomensvotes(54percentofthetotal)were
going54percenttoKerry,45percenttoBush,and1percenttoNader;mensvotes(46
percentofthetotal)werebreaking51percenttoBush,47percenttoKerry,and1percent
WayneMadsen,GrandTheftElection(www.globalresearch.ca,5November2004).
2
Theinformationsuppliedhereisfromhttp://www.cnn.com/ELECTION/2004/pages/results.

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toNader.Kerry,inotherwords,wasleadingBushbynearly3percent.
Theearlyexitpollsappeartohavecausedsomeconcerntothegoodpeopleatthe
NationalElectionPool:agapof12or14percentbetweentalliedresultsandexitpolls
canhardlyinspireconfidenceinthelegitimacyofanelection.
One can surmise that instructions of two sorts were issued. The election
massagers workingforDiebold, ES&S (Election Systems &Software) andtheother
suppliers of blackbox voting machines may have been told to go easy on their
manipulationsofbackdoorDemocratDeletesoftware:merevictorywaswhattheBush
campaign wanted, not an implausible landslide. And the number crunchers at the
NationalElectionPoolmayhavebeenaskedtofixupthoseawkwardexitpolls.
Fixthemtheydid.Whenthenationalexitpollswerelastupdated,at1:36a.m.
ESTonNovember3,mensvotes(still46percentofthetotal)hadgone54percentto
Bush,45percenttoKerry,and1percenttoNader;womensvotes(54percentofthe
total)hadgone47percenttoBush,52percenttoKerry,and1percenttoNader.
Buthowdoweknowthefixwasin?Becausetheexitpolldataalsoincludedthe
totalnumberofrespondents.At9:00p.m.EST,thisnumberwas13,047;by1:36a.m.
ESTonNovember3ithadrisenby3.6percent,toafinaltotalof13,531respondents
butwithacorrespondingswingof4.5percentfromKerrytoBushinvotersreportsof
theirchoices.3Giventheincreaseinrespondents,aswingofthissizeisamathematical
impossibility.
Thesamepatternisevidentintheexitpollsoftwokeyswingstates,Ohioand
Florida.
At 7:32 p.m.EST, CNN was reporting the following exit poll data forOhio.
Womenvoters(53percentofthetotal)favouredKerryoverBushby53percentto47
percent;malevoters(47percentofthetotal)preferredKerryoverBushby51percentto
49percent.KerrywasthusleadingBushbyalittlemorethan4percent.Butby1:41a.m.
ESTonNovember3,whentheexitpollwaslastupdated,adramaticshifthadoccurred:
3

Myoriginaltextdidnotprovidethefinalnumberofrespondentstothenationalexitpoll,andstated,
mistakenly,thatthenumberofrespondentshadrisenbylessthan3percent,andwithacorresponding
swingof5percentfromKerrytoBush....Theseerrors,correctedinthepresenttext,didnotaffectthe
validityoftheargument.

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womenvotershadsplit5050intheirpreferencesforKerryandBush,whilemenhad
swungtosupportingBushoverKerryby52percentto47percent.Thefinalexitpolls
showedBushleadinginOhioby2.5percent.
At7:32p.m.,therewere1,963respondents;at1:41a.m.onNovember3,there
wasafinaltotalof2,020respondents.Thesefiftysevenadditionalrespondentsmustall
havevotedverypowerfullyforBushforwhilerepresentingonlya2.8percentincrease
inthenumberofrespondents,theymanagedtoproduceaswingfromKerrytoBushof
fully6.5percent.4
InFlorida,theexitpollsappeartohavebeentamperedwithinasimilarmanner.
At8:40p.m.EST,CNNwasreportingexitpollsthatshowedKerryandBushinanear
dead heat. Womenvoters (54percent ofthetotal) preferredKerryover Bushby52
percentto48percent,whilemen(46percentofthetotal)preferredBushoverKerryby
52percentto47percent,with1percentoftheirvotesgoingtoNader.Butthefinal
update of the exit poll, made at 1:01 a.m. EST on November 3, showed a different
pattern:womenvotersnownarrowlypreferredBushoverKerry,by50percentto49
percent,whilethemenpreferredBushby53percentto46percent,with1percentofthe
votestillgoingtoNader.ThesefiguresgaveBusha4percentleadoverKerry.
The number of exit poll respondents in Florida had risen only from2,846 to
2,862. But once again, a powerful numerical magic was at work. A mere sixteen
respondents0.55percentofthetotalnumberproducedafourpercentswingtoBush.
Whatwearewitnessing,theevidencewouldsuggest,isalatenightcontribution
bytheNationalElectionsPooltotherewritingofhistory.
Itispossiblethatatsomefuturemomentquestionsaboutelectoralfraudinthe
2004 presidential election might become insistent enough to be embarrassing. The
pundits,atthatpoint,willbeabletopointtotheNEPsfinalexitpollfiguresinthe
decisiveswingstatesofFloridaandOhioandtomarvelathowcloselytheyreflectthe
NEPsvotetallies.
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TheexitpolldataforOhioandFlorida,aswellasthenationalexitpolldata,brokedownresponsesby
Gender,byRaceandGender(withfiguresforwhitemen,whitewomen,nonwhitemen,andnonwhite
women),andbyRace(withfiguresforwhites,AfricanAmericans,Latinos,Asians,andOthers).These
figuresshowcorrespondingshiftsfromKerrytoBush.

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TheOhioFiftySeven(isthereaHeinzKerryjokeembeddedinthenumber?)and
theFloridaSixteenwillhavedonetheirbitinensuringthedemocraticlegitimacyofthe
onepartyimperialstate.

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