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Copyright 2006, The Johns Hopkins University, Patrick Breysse, and Peter S. J. Lees. All rights reserved. Use of
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Principles of Ventilation
Patrick N. Breysse, PhD, CIH
Peter S.J. Lees, PhD, CIH
Johns Hopkins University
Section A
Introduction
Purposes of Industrial
Ventilation
Control of toxic air contaminants to
acceptable levels
Control of noxious odors
Control of heat and humidity for comfort
and health
Prevention of fire and explosions
Continued
Section B
VentilationBasic Principles
Ventilation Terminology
Continued
Ventilation Terminology
Capture velocity
Air velocity at any point in front of
the hood necessary to overcome
opposing air currents and to capture
the contaminant at that point
causing it to flow into the hood
Important hood/process design
criteria
Continued
10
Ventilation Terminology
Face velocity
Air velocity at the hood or slot
opening
An important design parameter
Surrogate marker of performance
(i.e., can be tested)
Continued
11
Ventilation Terminology
Duct velocity
Air velocity through the crosssection of the duct
Must be sufficient to prevent
gravitational settling of particulate
contaminants
Important design parameter
Can be measured
12
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Section C
VentilationDesign and Testing
Hood Proximity
and Exhaust Volume
To maintain desired capture velocity,
locate hood as close to source as
possible
Air volume requirement increases as
square of the distance
Reduces required make-up air and
associated costs
Continued
16
Hood Proximity
and Exhaust Volume
17
Use of Enclosures
Using techniques such as enclosures,
control capabilities are maximized
Air volumes requirements are
drastically minimized
Reduces required make-up air and
associated costs
Continued
18
Use of Enclosures
19
Continued
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Continued
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Design Velocities
All ventilation systems are designed to
operate most effectively within a given
air-flow range
Usually measured by hood face velocity
Laboratory hood = 75100 ft/min
Operation at other than design
velocities can often have unintended
(bad) consequences
Continued
23
Continued
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