Harmonic Analysis Exercise 1

Objective:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Create harmonic libraries

Model harmonic sources
Run Harmonic Load Flow study, check voltage and current distortions
Design and size harmonic filter
Validate harmonic filter performance
Run Harmonic Frequency Scan study, identify parallel resonance, and verify
harmonic filter performance

Steps:
1. Load Project:
HA_Example 1\Example1
2. Create a Test Harmonic Library:
Harmonic Type
Current Source
Manufacturer
Test
Model
Test
Include Interharmonics None (unchecked)
Library Data
Shown in Figure 1 below.

Figure 1: Harmonic Library Addition

ETAP Workshop Notes

1996-2013 ETAP/Operation Technology, Inc.

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Harmonic Analysis Exercise 1

3. Enter Harmonic Source in DC System Network:
Device
Charger1
Harmonic Source
Harmonic Library
Harmonic Type
Current Source
Manufacturer
TEST
Model
TEST

Device
Harmonic Source
Pulse #
Alpha
Xc %
Shift Angle
Beta
Max Order

UPS-1
IEEE 519 Equation
6
15
5
0 degree
30 degree
50

Specify Harmonic Voltage Distortion Limit:

Bus
Main Bus
Category
PCC
VTHD Limit
5%
VIHD Limit
3%

Bus
Category
VTHD Limit
VIHD Limit

Bus2
Dedicated
10 %
5%

Bus
Category
VTHD Limit
VIHD Limit

All other
General
2.5 %
1.5 %

4. Edit Harmonic Study Case Editor:

Plot the following buses: Bus1, Bus2, Sub 3, Main Bus
Plot the following cables: Cable14
Plot the following transformers: T2, T4
Plot the following loads: HF1
5. Run Harmonic Load Flow on HA View (1st time):
Observe one-line display, move slider to show different harmonic currents
Observe plots for Buses - select Bus1, Plot Type: Waveform, Display: Order
Check Alert View for Bus1 showing IHD and THD limit exceeded
Check reports, select Complete and go through each page
6. Record Following Data:
Voltage THD on Bus1 slider to the left, read from one-line (7.29 % THD)
5th harmonic current into Bus1 slider on order 5 (179.5 A)
ETAP Workshop Notes

1996-2013 ETAP/Operation Technology, Inc.

Page 2 of 5

Harmonic Analysis Exercise 1

7. Run Load Flow on LF View and Record Following Data:

Create a new Presentation and call it LF-View, switch that view to LF
Bus1 3-phase kVA loading, switch to KVA from Display Options (754 kVA)
Bus1 Power Factor, check PF from Display Options for KVA (86.7 %)
8. Add and Size Harmonic Filter:
Add a Harmonic Filter to Bus1 (HF1)
Add a Low Voltage Circuit Breaker (LVCB) between HF1 and Bus1 (refer
to figure 2 below).
Create a new configuration and call it HF1 ON
When Configuration is Normal, LVCB is open, when Configuration is HF1
ON, LVCB is closed and HF1 is working
Double-click on HF1

Figure 2: Addition of Single-Tuned Filter

Harmonic Filter Editor - Parameter Page
Grounding
Wye (Info Page)
Filter Type
Single-Tuned (Parameter Page)
Capacitor Rated kV
0.277 kV (= 0.48 kV / 3)
Inductor Q Factor
20
Size Filter Harmonic Filter Sizing
Harmonic Order
5
Harmonic Current
179.5 A
Sizing Option
PF Correction
Existing PF
86.7 %
Desired PF
100 %
1-Phase Load MVA
0.251 MVA (= 0.754 MVA / 3)
Size Filter
Calculate optimal harmonic filter parameters
Substitute data
Click on Substitute button and close the editor (see
Figure 3)

ETAP Workshop Notes

1996-2013 ETAP/Operation Technology, Inc.

Page 3 of 5

Harmonic Analysis Exercise 1

Figure 3: Harmonic Filter Sizing Results

Harmonic Filter Editor - Parameter Page

Update capacitor Max kV (Vc = 0.439 kV) and inductor Max I (IL = 503.4
A). See Figure 4.

Figure 4: Harmonic Filter Parameter Page

9. Re-run Harmonic Load Flow on HA View (2nd time):

Switch to HF1 ON Configuration to place the HF1 online
Re-run Harmonic Load Flow on HA View
Check new THD on Bus1 (down to 4.02 % from 7.29 %)
Check 5th harmonic current from Bus1 into system (0.5 A vs. 20.7 A before)
10. Check Other Alerts:
ETAP Workshop Notes

1996-2013 ETAP/Operation Technology, Inc.

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Harmonic Analysis Exercise 1

Bus THD and IHD

Harmonic Filter
Transformer
Cable

11. Run Load Flow on LF View:

Check Power Factor on T4 branch primary side (100%)
Check Alert for other problems
12. Run Harmonic Frequency Scan:
Go back to HA mode and observe Z Magnitude plot for Bus1 with
Configuration set to HF1 ON

ETAP Workshop Notes

1996-2013 ETAP/Operation Technology, Inc.

Page 5 of 5