CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

3.1

Introduction

Students

of 6th

semester Diploma in Tourism

Management from

the Polytechnic

Merlimau Melaka (PMM) were given a task to implement the project in meeting the needs of the
end of the module HT620 Tourism Project. For each semester students will be given a different
assignment this semester, students were given the task with theme Green Tourism. The
assignment requires students to create and implement a research or product related with the
theme. The purpose of this assignment is to be given to the student experience in creating,
promoting and implementing a product before they move into the real world and deal with
situations that will occur in the tourism industry.

3.2

Research Design

In this project, we have to know what method we want to used. There are three types of
method which is qualitative, quantitative and mixed method. Our group chooses a method of
mixed method, the combination between quantitative and qualitative. There are many benefits of
mixed-method. As stated by leech and Onwueghuzie (2006), because of its logical and intuitive
appeal, providing a bridge between the qualitative and quantative paradigms, an increasing
number researchers are utilizing mixed method research to undertake their studies. One of the
benefits of this type is the ability to match the purpose of the method to the need in the
study.Using the different processes can also lead to uexpected or emergent themes and
information that would not have otherwise have come to light (Driscoll 2007).

In quantitative method we have to know the purpose of the questionnaire and prepared a
question that we want to ask so that thing will get easier. The other advantages are notably some
reassurance about the validity and reliability of findings. Quantitative methods emphasize on
objective measurement and numerical analysis of data collected through polls, questionnaires or
survey. Quantitative research focuses on gathering numerical data and generalizing it across
groups of people. In quantitative research, the goal is to determine the relationship between one
thing and another in a population.

Quantitative methods are either descriptive or experimental. A descriptive study

established only association between variables. An experiment establishes causality. Quantitative
research deals in number, logic and the objective, focusing on logic, numbers and unchanging
statics data and details, convergent reasoning rather than divergent reasoning, according Babbie
(The Practice of Social Research, 12th ed, 2010)

For qualitative methods, it can be a source of ideas, insight and new perspectives upon a
problem. Hence, in spite of all the doubt that are expressed as to the ability to generalize from its
findings, the problem inherent in interpretation of the meanings and comparative importance of
respondents comment, and the possible invalidation of responses because of the social dynamics
that can occur within small groups, techniques such as focus groups, role play and projection
techniques are all commonly used within the commercial sector of the tourism industry.

Qualitative methods does not produce truth, factual, data-based result, nor does it lend
itself to being conducted in a series of clearly defined and separable steps although this does
not mean that it should be conducted in a well-planned systematic way. I see qualitative research
as living and evolving, a sources on insights and ideas, continuously arising, at any time. (Greek
Philosopher Protagonis of Abdera: 500 430 BC)

3.3

Data Collection Method

Before implementing a project, the main emphasis should be given to the preparation
of the project, items of equipment to be used, the survey form, and tentative program. It should
be available before the project is to ensure the program runs smoothly. There are two types of
data collection method which is primary data and secondary data.

3.3.1

Primary Data

Primary data means original data that has been collected specially for the purpose
in mind. It means someone collected the data form the original source first hand. Primary
Data has not been published yet and is more reliable, authentic and objective. Primary
data has not been changed or altered by human being. Therefore its validity is greater
than secondary data. Example of primary data are such as surveys, observation and
experiments.

A. Survey

To ensure the promoting smoothly and to provide services in line with the
target market, the organizers will make the study through questionnaires. We will
address questions related to the promoting of the products to the target market so
that the organizers provide services to meet their needs. Once the distribution is
carried out, the analysis will be made to take appropriate action so that the
program is to improve quality in line with the target market.

B. Questionnaire

Survey Form Before Program.

SURVEY FORM BEFORE PROGRAM PROMOTING LOCAL TOURISM
PRODUCT AS ATTRACTION FOR GREEN TOURISM.

INSTRUCTIONS: Please tick () the appropriate box.

Section A.
1. Gender :
Male
Female
2. Age :
18 20 y/o
21 25 y/o
21 25 y/o
26 30 y/o
31 y/o and above

3. Nation :
Malay
Indian
Chinese
Others (Specify) : ________________
4. Status :
Single
Married
5. Education :

SPM (Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia)

Diploma
Degree
Other (Specify) : ______________

6. Profession :
Student
Government Sector
Private Sector
Village Work

By distributing the survey forms, it is expected to respond as well to help us provide

programs that will run. We thank you for your cooperation and willingness to fill in this survey
form.

QUESTIONNAIRE RELATING TO PROMOTING

PROMOTING LOCAL TOURISM PRODUCT AS ATTRACTION FOR GREEN
TOURISM
INSTRUCTIONS: Please (/) your answer according to the instructions given below:
Section B
1.

Do you know about Kampung Lubok Redan?

Yes
No

2. Do you know about tourism products in Kampung Lubok Redan?:

Yes
No

3. Are the products received encouraging response from visitors or tourists coming in
Kampung Lubok Redan?
Yes
No

4.

Do you know about the Green Tourism?

Yes
No

5. What is the main socio-economic factors that are cultivated by the villagers here?
Tourism
IKS (Industri Kecil dan Sederhana)
Fishery
6. In your opinion, is the price of tourism products available in this village are
reasonable?
Yes
No
7. Do you agree that if the tourism product is marketed in the village, both domestically
and internationally?
Yes
No
8. If you have been in the tourism industry, do you agree to keep tourism as a
sustainable tourism product?
Yes
No
9. As villagers here, whether tourism can benefit and positive impact in the lives of
structuring a family?
Yes
No

10. Give an opinion and in general about our research here for process improvement
projects to be implemented.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------C. Other Methods

The organizers have used the technique in the advertising promotion

marketing package. Among the materials used are:
i)

Print Media
PRINT MEDIA - Banners, buntings & brochure.
i.

Several times, banners, buntings and brochure have been

ii.

designed, commented and modified.

Finally managed to get a satisfactory

design

environment.
Reasons / effects of selection:
i.
ii.
iii.

More effective in providing information to customers.

To create public awareness about the programs available.
Attracted by the colors and pictures in the buntings.

the

3.3.2

Secondary Data

Secondary data is the data that has been already collected by and readily available
from other sources. When we use statistical method with primary data from another
purpose for our purpose we refer to it as secondary data. Its means one purpose secondary
data also is the data that is being reused. These secondary data may be obtained from
many sources, including literature, industry surveys, compilations from computerized
databases and information systems. Examples of secondary data are journals, directories,
articles and periodicals. To gather related secondary data for this project, our group
collect the data from journals and websites.

3.4

Population and sampling method

GENDER

MALE
FEMALE

40%
60%

AGES

20%
40%
20%
20%

18-20 years old

21-25 years old
26-30 years old
31 years old &
above

Nation

Malay
Indian
Chinese
Others
100%

Status

Single
Married

41%
59%

Education

10%

5%
50%

35%

SPM
Diploma
Degree
Others

Profession

25%
35%

15%

25%

Student
Government
Sector
Private Sector
Village Work

QUESTIONNAIRE

1. Do you know about Kampung Lubok Redan?

15%
Yes
No
85%

2. Do you know about tourism products in Kampung Lubok Redan?

25%

Yes
No
75%

3. Are the products received encouraging response from visitors or tourists coming in Kampung Lubok Redan?

25%

Yes
No
75%

4. Do you know about the Green Tourism?

45%
55%

Yes
No

5. What is the main socio-economic factors that are cultivated by the villagers here?

40%
60%

Tourism
IKS (Industri
Kecil dan
Sederhana)
Fishery

6. In your opinion, is the price of tourism products available in this village are reasonable?

25%

Yes
No
75%

7. Do you agree that if the tourism product

is marketed in the village, both
domestically and internationally?
5%

95%

Yes
No

8. If you have been in the tourism industry, do you agree to keep tourism as a sustainable tourism product?
5%
Yes
No

95%

9. As villagers here, whether tourism can benefit and positive impact in the lives of structuring a family?

5%
Yes
No
95%

3.5

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

Promoting Local Tourism Product as Attraction for Green Tourism

INTERVIEW

SURVEY

OBSERVATION

3.5.1

DATA COLLECTION METHOD

Distribute questionnaire to participants

Respondent answer the questionnaire

Collect the questionnaire

Analysis the answer from participants

3.5.2

DATA ANALYSIS METHOD

Provide questionnaires to participants

Participants answered questionnaires

Data collected from participants

Analysis of responses from participants

3.6

Conclusion