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ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF A SCHOOL BUILDING
Submitted
By
S.ANJANA
(Reg.No:921512413003)
In the partial fulfillment of the requirement
For the award of the degree
MASTER OF ENGINEERING
IN
STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
ANNA UNIVERSITY
CHENNAI 600 025
NOVEMBER 2013
BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
Certify that this Practical training report titled Analysis & Design of a School Building
is the bonafide work of S.ANJANA (REG NO: 921512413003) Certify further, that to the best of
my knowledge the work reported here in does not form part of any other report or dissertation on
the basis of which a degree or award was conferred on an earlier occasion on this for any other
candidates.
This is to certify that the candidate was examined by us in the Practical Traning Report held
at Ratnavel Subramaniam College of Engg. & Tech., Dindigul on ..
INTERNAL EXAMINER
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First I thank the almighty for showering his blessing for completing this practical training
work sucessfully
I express my sincere and heartfelt thanks to the management and correspondent and
principal Dr.S.HARI KRISHNAN for providing all necessary facilities and support for carry out
this training program successfully.
I wish to place on record our deep since of gratitude to Dr.B.KAMESHWARI Head of the
Department, Civil Engineering whose good wishes, inspiration and support were active in
accomplishing this task.
My special thanks to our ME coordinator Dr.M.NITHYADHARAN., Associate professor,
in Civil Engineering for his in valuable guidance and suggestions to complete my practical training
work in successful way.
I express a special thanks to Mr.A.SURESH KUMAR, Assistant Professor, Civil
Engineering for his in valuable guidance and suggestions to complete my practical training work in
successful way.
I convey my in most gratitude to the staff of department of Civil Engineering for the
competent support in the execution of work.
I am especially thankful to Mr.S.VISWANATHAN. For allowing me to undergo in plant training
program in the esteemed consultancy.
CONTENTS
LIST OF SYMBOLS
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 2: LOAD CALCULATIONS
CHAPTER 3: DESIGN OF FOOTING
CHAPTER 4: DESIGN OF FLOOR BEAMS
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION
LIST OF SYMBOLS
4
Ast
Asc
Area of Concrete
Effective depth
fck
fy
Mu
Mu,lim
Limiting Moment
Pt
Percentage of reinforcement
SBC
Vu
1.0 INTRODUCTION:
5
also based on sound scientific principles and backed by years of research. The Limit State Method
has proved to have an edge over the Working Stress Method from the economic point of view and
is more rational. Consequently we need not stick to Working Stress Method any more.
Accordingly, all designs of R.C.C. structures are to be made as per Limit State Method.
Codes: In carrying out the design calculations, one has to comply with the provisions of
various I.S. Codes. Use of special publications of the Bureau of Indian Standards and
= 0.230.4515.425
= 39.85 kN
7
= 0.23(3.353+2)6.3219.2
= 336.3 kN
= 0.230.456.32254
= 65.4 kN
= 0.230.236.3225
= 8.36 kN
Slab loads:
Floor slab:
Self weight of slab
= 0.12525
= 3.125 kN/m2
Floor finish
= 0.0523
= 1.15 kN/m2
= 4 kN/m2
Live load
= 0.12525
= 3.125 kN/m2
Weathering course
= 0.07519.2
= 1.44 kN/m2
Tile
= 0.02023
= 0.46 kN/m2
= 1.5 kN/m2
Live load
= (3.163.168.32)
+ (3.163.166.61)
= 231.66 kN
Axial load
= 0.230.4515.425
= 39.85 kN
= 0.23(3.353+2)6.3219.2
= 336.3 kN
= 0.230.457.5254
= 77.6 kN
= 0.230.237.525
= 9.92 kN
= (4.343.168.32)
+ (4.343.166.61)
= 318.2 kN
Axial load
= 0.230.4515.425
= 39.85 kN
= 0.23(3.353+2)3.1619.2
= 168 kN
= 0.230.454.34254
= 44.92 kN
= 0.230.234.3425
= 5.7 kN
= (3.161.188.32)
+ (3.161.186.61)
= 86.51 kN
Axial load
= 0.230.4515.425
= 39.85 kN
= [0.23(3.352+2)7.119.2]
+ [0.233.353.219.2]
= 320 kN
= [0.230.457.1253]
+ [0.230.453.225]
= 63.39 kN
= 0.230.237.125
= 9.4 kN
= (3.93.28.32)
+ (5.083.26.61)
= 314.46 kN
Axial load
= 0.230.4510.625
= 27.4 kN
= 0.23(3.352+2)7.119.2
= 272.78 kN
= 0.230.458.28253
= 64.27 kN
= 0.230.238.2825
= 10.95 kN
= 5.083.28.32
10
= 269.85 kN
Axial load
= 0.230.4515.425
= 39.85 kN
= [0.23(3.352+2)3.219.2]
+ [0.233.353.219.2]
= 170.28 kN
= [0.230.454.38253]
+ [0.230.453.225]
= 42.28 kN
= 0.230.234.3825
= 5.79 kN
= (3.21.188.32)
+ (3.25.086.61)
= 169.97 kN
Axial load
= 0.230.4515.425
= 39.85 kN
= [0.23(3.352+2)7.2419.2]
+ [0.233.356.0519.2]
11
= 367.66 kN
Reaction due to self weight of beam
= 0.230.458.55254
= 88.49 kN
= 0.230.238.5525
= 11.31 kN
= (4.474.088.31)
+ (3.164.088.31)
+(3.164.086.61)
= 343.47 kN
Axial load
SIZE OF FOOTING:
12
Column load
= 68200 kg
= 6820 kg
Total load
= 68200+6820
= 75020 kg
Area required
75020
30000
= 2.5 m2.
Upward pressure
BMx
68200
1.58 1.58
kg m 2
30000
0.675 2
30000
1.58
2
11000 kgm.
13
30000
BMy
0.565 2
1.58
2
7600 kgm.
Let D = 600 mm , providing 12 mm dia
dX
= 600-50-6 = 544 mm
dY
= 600-50-12-6 = 532 mm
FLEXURE:
In X direction
M u 1.5 10 4 11000
bd 2
750 544 2
= 0.743 N/mm2
From SP 16 Table 2,
pt
Ast
= 0.216
0.216
75 54.4
100
= 8.8 cm2.
0.12
158 75
45
2
100
158 9.4
Ast, min , Min steel
= 8.1 cm2.
14
M u 1.5 10 4 7600
bd 2
530 532 2
= 0.759 N/mm2
From SP 16 Table 2,
pt
Ast
= 0.221
0.221
53 53.2
100
= 6.2 cm2.
0.12
158 53
45
2
100
158 8.2
Ast, min , Min steel
= 7.3 cm2.
From SP 16 Table 95,
Provide 8 nos of 12 mm dia bars
15
94
dX
450
131
525
= 206 mm.
bX
450 2 544
= 1538 mm.
pt
8 1.13 100
153.8 20.6
= 0.285
From SP 16 Table 61,
c
= 3.81 kg/cm2
= 1.5300000.1311.58
16
In Y direction
82
dX
450
33
415
= 118 mm.
bX
230 2 532
= 1294 mm.
pt
8 1.13 100
129.4 11.8
= 0.59
From SP 16 Table 61,
c
= 5.07 kg/cm2
= 1.5300000.0331.58
= 2346 kg < 7741 kg.
17
Hence Safe.
In X direction
94
dX
450
403
525
= 439 mm.
18
= 1.54 m2.
Punching shear
= 1.5(1.581.58 0.7740.982)30000
= 78135 kg.
78135
1.54 10 4
f ck
2
0.25
= 1.12 N/mm2
= 11.2 kg/cm2.
In Y direction
19
82
dY
450
299
415
= 406 mm.
Area resisting punching
= 1.43 m2.
78135
1.43 10 4
f ck
2
0.25
= 1.12 N/mm2
= 11.2 kg/cm2.
RESULT:
Size
= 15801580 mm.
Depth
= 600 mm.
20
Reinforcements
21
= 0.230.452500
= 259 kg/m
= 0.233.81920
= 1678 kg/m
= 1967 kg/m
= 0.230.452500
= 259 kg/m
= 979 kg/m
KAB
KAD = KAG =
KBC
I
6.32
I
3.8
I
2.36
22
dAB
dAD = dAG
I
6.32
I
I
I
I
3 .8
I
I
I
= 0.23
= 0.38
I
6.32
dBA
I
I
I
I
= 0.14
I
2.36
dBC
I
I
I
I
= 0.38
I
3 .8
dBE = dBH
dCB
dCF = dCI
I
I
I
I
I
3 .8
I
I
I
= 0.237
= 0.45
= 0.28
23
+52.7
8
+ 3.38
+6.55
-32.74
- 3.25
+49.40
-1.54
- 29.49
0.38
A
+5.01
0.23
7
0.1
B 0.3
437
8
0.23
7
0.23
0.38
0.28
0.45
0.28
-130
+130
-5.57
+5.57
+29.9
-17.79
-47.28
-2.48
+49.4
1.54
-8.9
+14.75
-29.49-1.24
+3.38
+2.05
+52.78
-106.95
+5.01
+125.2
24
-32.74-59.3
-23.64+10.5 +6.55
-10.05
BEAM DESIGN:
@ Support ,
Left moment
= -106.95 kNm
Right moment
= 125.2 kNm
Effective span
= 6.32 m
Depth
= 450 mm
Cover
= 50 mm
Effective depth , d
= 400 mm
b
@ Left ,
Mu
= 230 mm
= -106.95 kNm
0.138 f ck b d 2
Mu,lim
=
= 0.138202304002
= 102 kNm < Mu
Mu
bd 2
106.95 10 6
230 400 2
= 2.9 N/mm2
From SP 16, Table 50
pt
= 0.998 ,
pc
= 0.045
25
Ast
= 918 mm2,
Asc
= 41 mm2
Provide 5 nos of 16 mm dia bars in tension side & 2 nos of 12 mm dia bars in compression side.
@ Right ,
Mu
= 125.2 kNm
0.138 f ck b d 2
Mu,lim
=
= 0.138202304002
= 102 kNm < Mu
Mu
bd 2
125.2 10 6
230 400 2
= 3.4 N/mm2
= 1.152 ,
pc
= 0.207
Ast
= 1060 mm2,
Asc
= 190 mm2
Provide 5 nos of 16 mm dia bars in tension side & 2 nos of 12 mm dia bars in compression side.
Mu
@ Mid span ,
wl 2
8
39 6.32 2
8
Mu
= 195 kNm
0.138 f ck b d 2
Mu,lim
=
= 0.138202304002
= 102 kNm < Mu
Effective span
The least value of
26
i)
ii)
Centre to centre
Clear span + effective depth
Lo
bf
Lo
bw 6 D f
6
6.55
0.23 6 0.125
6
= 2.072 m.
Muf
=
= 0.36202072125(400 - 0.42125)
= 648 kNm > Mu
Mu
bf d 2
195 10 6
2072 400 2
= 0.588
From SP 16, Table 2
pt
= 0.169
Ast
= 1401 mm2
27
5.0 CONCLUSION:
This In-Plant Training was provided me an opportunity to understand the Analysis and
Designing of a school building by using IS codes.
This Training helps me to develop skill in the field of Design.
28