Ri Vista Summer Fall 13

Misgovernance
and Corruption
3
T H E
M A G A Z I N E
Is Italy
Governable?
6
O F
S A I S
Security and
Governance
9
E U R O P E
Alumni Weekend
April 25-27, 2014
28
Issue 2013
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY - PAUL H. NITZE SCHOOL OF ADVANCED INTERNATIONAL STUDIES - BOLOGNA, ITALY
GOVERNANCE
Evolving Global
Challenges
MESSAGE from the Director

THE MAgAzINE OF SAIS EUROPE
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIvERSITy
PAUL H. NITzE SCHOOL
OF ADvANCED INTERNATIONAL STUDIES
BOLOgNA, ITALy
Assistant Editor
Tatiana Marot Pollard
Designer
Orazio Metello Orsini
Student writers
Rebecca Ben-Amou
Nic Corbett
Contributors
Amina Abdiuahab
Bulat Akhmetkarimov
Alessandra Adami
Valeria Calderoni
Gabriella Chiappini
Brittney Johnson
Linda Marion
Julia Christine Schiling
Clarissa Ronchi
Thomas Tesluk
Francesca Torchi
Photography
Sabina Betti
Eikon Studio
Rivista is published periodically by
The Johns Hopkins University, Paul H. Nitze School
of Advanced International Studies, SAIS Europe.
Rivista is distributed to alumni, friends, and supporters.
The views and opinions expressed in the articles
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and do not necessarily represent the views or the
policies of The Johns Hopkins University or of SAIS.
Rivista reserves the right to edit any material
submitted.
2013 by The Johns Hopkins University,
Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies,
SAIS Europe. All rights reserved.
On the cover
Pavimento del portico
di via Carbonesi, Bologna,
particolare da restaurare,
2013.
Photo by Sabina Betti
Follow Rivista
@SAISRivista
facebook.com/SAISRivista
s hard as it is to believe, I am beginning my eighth

year as director of the Bologna Centernow SAIS
Europe at Bolognaand it will be my last. Such rites
of passage call for summing upperhaps something less
than an assessment, but more than an annual progress
report. And the time is right for that because there are
significant changes underway, a natural and satisfying
evolution in our identity within SAIS. Let me mention just a few.
When the administration of European Studies moved to
Bologna last year, we entered a new era in the life of SAIS
as a whole. This year, through the efforts of Professors Erik
Jones and Bruce Parrott, European Studies and Russian
and Eurasian Studies have merged into a new European
Kenneth H. Keller
and Eurasian Studies concentration, the first significant
realignment in the structure of SAISs array of
concentrations in many a year.
Two years ago we also established the Bologna Institute for Policy Research and,
aided by generous alumni support as well as a grant from Johns Hopkins President
Ron Daniels, it supports a range of activities which continue to grow, including a
program of scholars in residence, the presence of up to four dissertation-stage Ph.D.
students each year, and the successful use of social media to increase awareness of
SAIS, its European presence, and its contributions to the public dialogue.
A search is underway to fill the Khaduri Chair in Middle East Studies, and its
been agreed that the chair-holder will be resident in Bologna, taking advantage of our
proximity to the Middle East.
Just last month the Academic Board affirmed that senior faculty at Bologna should
have the same opportunity to hold academic tenure as their Washington colleagues,
an explicit recognition of the quality, permanence, and vital contribution of the
Bologna Center and its faculty to SAISs mission.
Our new formal name, SAIS Europe, reflects this maturation in our role as the
face of SAIS in Europe; as an entity that makes real the concept of SAIS as a global
institution and a single, integrated school. This global presence and the opportunities it
offers makes SAIS unique among schools of international affairs. Half of SAIS
students begin their education in Bologna and are exposed over two years to the
contrasting perspectives on international issues that campuses in two different political
and geographic settings can provide; half of the SAIS students studying in Bologna
come from countries other than the U.S., creating an unusually rich interchange
of ideas in each classroom as well as in every other student space.
Two different locations, two different learning environments; complementary
experiences which create synergies that no other school offers. Helping to promote
that mission and these goals have made these years for me some of the most
rewarding in my professional life.
For fifty-eight years, we have called this place the Bologna Center and so it will
always be for the more than 7,000 students who have studied here. Now the Center
has earned recognition as SAIS Europe, a natural evolution because, of course, that
is what it has always been. We can take pride in both labels.
Editor
Odette Boya Resta
T H E
M A G A Z I N E
O F
S A I S
E U R O P E
Issue 2013
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY - PAUL H. NITZE SCHOOL OF ADVANCED INTERNATIONAL STUDIES - BOLOGNA, ITALY
Table of Contents
GOVERNANCE
3 Misgovernance
Corruption in Developing Countries
by Arntraud Hartmann
6 Is Italy Governable?
Interview with John L. Harper
by Valeria Calderoni
9 The Ebb of Security

and Governance
Mali and the Sahel.
A Conversation with Winrich Khne
by Odette Boya Resta
12 A Smoke of Hope
An Essay on Religion
by Bulat Akhmetkarimov
26 A Gelato Museum in Bologna

by Nic Corbett
ALUMNI
28 Cari Alumni, Care Alumnae,

28 Elif Nazmiye Yavuz
29 Alumni Weekend 2013
Celebrating SAIS Europe
by Francesca Torchi
31 Amici Converge on the UN

by Thomas Tesluk
32 Berlin
Annual Reunion of the SAIS Alumni German Chapter
by Julia Christine Schiling
BOLOGNA FEATURE
14 Living in a Culture Not Ones Own
34 I Bolognesi a Londra 2013
by Linda Marion
DEVELOPMENT
FACULTY News & Publications
18 Whats New in Bologna

20 Recent Books and Other Publications
36 Thanks from SAIS Europe!

by Gabriella Chiappini
38 How to Make a Gift

to SAIS Europe
STUDENT VIEW
22 Cultural Chameleons
in a Changing Global Landscape
by Nic Corbett
24 A Strategic Location
by Rebecca Ben-Amou
39 Fellowship Ceremonies
SAIS Students learn thanks to donor generosity
42 Class Initiatives
44 Memorial Initiatives
Editors NOTE
The Road Weve Taken
his year marks the 30th anniversary of Rivista and to celebrate weve gone digital-only!
I believe its important that we continue to connect with you, our readers, wherever
you may find yourselves in the world. As always we welcome feedback.
Alumni and friends may have noticed a few other changes going on in Bologna. Most
notably the SAIS Bologna Center has been renamed SAIS Europe. This change is
recognition of the road weve takena reinforcement of developments that have occurred
over time underscoring the significance of the presence of Johns Hopkins SAIS in Europe.
Founded in 1955 as an experimentthe very first U.S. graduate school established
in Europethe Center has since developed into a program unique for its longevity, its
multicultural community, and its adaptability. In the immediate post-war period, the world
and Europe in particularwas divided into two camps that would define global relations for
the next forty-five years. What better place to study the unfolding story of U.S. and Soviet
influence in Europe than in Bologna, the unofficial capital of leftist thought in a country
aligned with the Western Bloc?
Today, a quarter of a century since the fall of the Berlin Wall, SAIS Europe continues to
evolve to prepare students for the world they will face and is a leading European center of
excellence in teaching and policy debate.
What hasnt changed? Dedication to the academic and professional growth of students
remains at the heart of SAIS Europe. Keeping up with the needs of students in todays fast
paced global environment requires leadership that isnt afraid to innovate. Ken Keller has
defined his own chapter in this regard.
Innovation is any change that brings improvement to something established and
therefore creates value. Over the past eight years Keller has guided SAIS Europe through
triumphs and challenges, successfully redirecting its mission in inspired ways. An engineer,
a science and technology policy expert, with strong academic and cultural gravitas, many
signal achievementsthe establishment of a research institute, the repositioning of
European and Eurasian Studies, now headquartered in Bologna, and other firstsare due
to his ability to think big, take risks, and steer the growth of the school. The end of his
tenure as director next year will surely bring more change, and he will be greatly missed.
We cannot tread back in time, but only move ahead on the path weve chosen. Bologna
has taken the road less traveled by, and that has made all the difference.
OBR
STUDENT WRITERS
Rebecca Ben-Amou B13
is a second-year student at SAIS
concentrating in Strategic Studies
and studying Arabic. She has
interned for the U.S. Army War
College and LIGNET.com and
continues to pursue a career in
civil service.
Nic Corbett B13 is a second-year
SAIS student concentrating in the
Latin American Studies Program.
A former newspaper journalist, she
spent her summer interning with
Innovations for Poverty Action
working on a midline evaluation
of an anti-poverty program near
Cusco, Peru.
Governance is the rule of the rulers,

typically within a given set of rules.
After wading through a dozen or so definitions,

this one by The World Bank seems sufficiently
universal to describe the theme of this issue.
Often overused as a one-size-fits-all mantra,
the term governance is still evolving and
exploring semantic solutions, just like our worlds
governance challenges require real ones. As
editor, I hope the themeexplored from different
points of view in two interviews and in two articles
submitted by members of the SAIS academic
communityresonates with Rivista readers.
Buona lettura!
OBR
Johns Hopkins University SAIS Europe
GOVERNANCE
Misgovernance
Corruption in Developing Countries
by Arntraud Hartmann
from the World governance

Indicator, efforts to reduce
corruption have often been
unsuccessful. Out of 196
countries only twenty-one
(mostly Caribbean and
Balkan) showed statistically
significant improvement
since 1996, and twentyseven countries regressed,
leaving only fewer than a
quarter of countries around
the world with a reasonable
control over corruption. One
could argue that surveybased indicators are not
suitable to measure changes
over time, however the stark
results give little reason to
believe that corruption has
been significantly reduced.
Why such a high level of corruption in developing countries?
There are many reasons. The general poverty of the population is the main reason. In addition, low salaries of civil
servants make it difficult for them to make ends meet.
Institutions are too weak to provide oversight, and accountability mechanisms are missing. Additionally, corrupt political
leaders use politics to make money that they claim they
require to advance political ends or to pay for political
support. Countries with high levels of corruption often lack an
active civil society and participatory processes where corrupt
practices could be monitored and brought to public attention,
and as a result create pressure to reduce corruption.
What is the role of the private sector in corruption?
Corruption is not solely caused by bribe taking public officials.
The private sector is an important actor on the supply side.
Too many private sector firms offer or accept bribes. The level
of corruption in the private sector remains disturbingly high. It
is quite common for domestic firms and multinationals to pay
bribes in order to secure public procurement contracts. It is
also common for corporate entities to exert undue pressure to
ver the last decade

increasing attention
has been paid to
the negative impacts of
corruption on growth,
development and poverty
alleviation. The most
common definition of
corruption is the use of
public office for private
gains. Corruption is
examined both in developing
and in developed countries,
but its impacts are considered
to be more detrimental in the
developing world. Most
research argues that
corruption reduces economic
growth, increases poverty
Arntraud Hartmann
and inequality and
undermines the effectiveness
of aid. Two decades ago NgOs, such as Transparency
International (TI), were established to place the corruption
issue prominently on the international agenda and to
demonstrate both its prevalence and its negative impacts.
How prevalent is corruption? A key challenge is how to
measure corruption. Typically it consists of illegal activities,
and so is not easily measured. In recent years significant
progress has been made in the measurement of corruption
with perception-based indexes, such as the TI Perception
Index, or survey-based indexes. Corruption appears closely
linked to a countrys level of development. According to the
2012 TI Corruption Index, only four advanced developing
countries make the top twenty least corrupt countries:
Singapore, Hong Kong, Barbados and Chile. All other countries are highly developed countries. At the bottom of the list
are least developed countries and so-called failed states.
(Fig. 1 on p. 4)
Regrettably, in spite of all the efforts to reduce corruption,
based on indicators available there has been little progress.
Based on data published by the World Bank and gathered
GOVERNANCE
Source: Economist Online Dec 2, 2011
influence institutions and regulations to elicit favorable investment conditions. Corporate corruption is particularly prevalent
in the extractive industry and construction sectors. But many
low-income countries, especially in Africa, depend on the
exploitation of gas, oil, and minerals. In its most extreme form,
private interests can capture political and economic systems.
In a captured state, competitive market forces cannot develop,
since all economic actors are captured by one interest group.
High levels of corruption and collusion between the industrial
and financial sectors were one of the reasons for the economic
failures of Indonesias Suharta regime.
What are the costs of corruption? The large majority of
economic research today argues that high levels of corruption
negatively impact economic growth, disproportionately harm
the poor, increase inequality, and undermine the effectiveness
of development aid. These negative impacts on economic
growth have been contested in the past. Some researchers
argued that corruption helps to grease the system by
speeding up decision making in typically unresponsive and
overly bureaucratic public administrations. In this view,
corruption helps to speed up investments and the allocation of
resources. The overwhelming opinion today, however, argues
that corruption is more like sand than grease for the wheels
of an economic system. Bribery tends to raise transaction
costs and uncertainty in an economy. It increases the costs
of investment and actually contributes to a misallocation of
scarce resources. Furthermore, it leads to inefficient economic

outcomes. It impedes foreign and domestic investment,
misdirects talent to rent-seeking activities, and distorts
sectorial priorities and technology choices. For example, it
creates incentives for large scale overpriced contracts, rather
than rural health clinics, where little infrastructure investment
is needed. It pushes firms underground, undercuts the states
ability to raise revenues and leads to ever-higher tax rates
being levied on few and fewer taxpayers.
Corruption is particularly detrimental to the poor. In the
study voices of the Poor, undertaken by the World Bank in
2000, where 60,000 poor were interviewed in sixty countries,
the risks associated with corruption are heard loud and clear.
For a poor household, even a small bribe can be unaffordable,
and the risk of being asked by police authorities or public
enforcement authorities for a bribe to avoid negative actions
is a constant threat to the livelihood of poor households.
Bribe paying is particularly prevalent in the allocation of public
services, especially health and education.
Findings from a seven-country study in Africa (ghana,
Madagascar, Morocco, Niger, Senegal, Sierra Leone and
Uganda) showed that 44 percent of parents surveyed had paid
illegal fees for schools that were legally free for their children. In
cities, such as Jakarta, Lima and Manila, the urban poor pay
private water retailers between five and ten times more for their
water than the rich pay for piped water. The National Household
GOVERNANCE
which often leads to fewer but better paid and more accountSurvey in Bangladesh (2010) showed that 84 percent of the
able civil servants. Strengthening the judiciary is another pillar
households who had interacted with one or more different public
of governance reforms. Deregulation is often important. Overly
and private sectors or institutions have been victims of corrupcomplex legal provisions, for example in fiscal codes, building
tion. 33 percent of these people experienced corruption in
permits, business processes, are important opportunities in
healthcare services. In Morocco a scheme was introduced to
which public officials can take bribes. By making laws simpler
move families from a slum to new plots of land with access to
and more transparent, opportunities for bribe taking are
basic services. Civil servants in charge of the move reportedly
reduced. Many developing countries have put anti-corruption
asked for unofficial, private payments amounting to around
laws and commissions in place, but they are often not enforced
US$250 to receive plots of land and US$630 for a certificate of
or the commissions are not empowered to be effective. By
residence. This is a third of an average yearly income. Those
integrating aid processes into domestic systems while at the
who did not pay were evicted and left homeless.
same time strengthening financial accountability, the aim is to
What is the relationship between development aid and correduce the corruption inducing impacts of aid giving.
ruption? High levels of corruption undermine the effectiveness
Traditional donors are trying to work towards this objective
of aid, but high levels of aid, provided in an imprudent manner,
under the so-called Paris Aid Harmonization
frequently increase and encourage corrupAgenda. This focus, however, is only pursued
tion. Where aid is provided to corrupt sysby the traditional donors. Major new donors,
tems or corrupt leadership, it serves to feed
Corruption
such as China, an important provider of aid in
abuses. Then both domestic resources and
is more like
Africa, do not align their processes with
aid resources are affected. Aid provided
sand
than
grease
domestic systems.
according to its own systems and requirefor the wheels of
A notable weakness of the anti-corruption
ments can weaken domestic institutions and
support
agenda of donors is the overly techfurther undermine embryonic accountability
an economic
nocratic focus on public sector management
mechanisms. Conflict, reconstruction and
system
and public sector governance building. There
post-disaster context are particularly vulnerais little emphasis to support structures which
ble. Aid channeled into countries with high
demand a corruption free environment. An active civil society
levels of corruption tends to be misallocated. A significant perwith direct engagement and stakes, equipped with knowledge
centage of aid is diverted away from intended purposes.
and support, can help to create pressures to demand a reducIn the past official donors would not hesitate to provide
tion in corruption. For example, parents actively engaged in the
major funding to highly corrupt governments, such as the
building and management of schools, equipped with knowlMobutu government in zaire and the Marcos government in
edge about their rights and supported by funding, will more
the Phillipines. Such extreme misgovernance in official aid by
actively monitor whether school books allocated to the district
traditional donors is increasingly rare; however in some cases
actually arrive or whether teachers show up for work or are
official aid continues to be provided to many developing
paid. Attendance of health personnel and availability of medicountry governments who have questionable records on
cine without illegal payments could be more actively monitored
corruption. Today there is a much stronger sensitivity to this
through active citizen engagement. Fiscal allocations can be
issue: that high and persistent levels of corruption will deepen
better monitored if budget formulation processes are made
and prolong poverty and will make the efficient allocation of
transparent and citizen groups are supported and empowered
aid resources almost impossible.
to participate in and follow these processes. Some programs
What can aid donors do to limit corruption? Most traditional
provide support to such programs, but they are the exception
donors have focused their programs importantly on goverrather than the rule. The IT revolution provides ample opportunance building and make a minimum level of good governity to make stakeholder engagement more effective and to
nance a precondition of aid flows. Some programs, such as
increase the transparency of resource allocation processes.
the Millennium Challenge Account, are particularly demanding
For example, procurement prices of goods and services can
and do not support programs with particularly high levels of
be easily checked and compared with local conditions.
corruption. They have also refocused the method of delivery
of the aid by channeling funds through non-governmental
Former senior manager at the World Bank and a member
organizations and charitable and religious institutions.
of the compliance review mechanisms of both the African
Traditional donors have focused particularly on improving
Development Bank and the Asian Development Banks,
public governance and institutions. This includes in particular
Arntraud Hartmann B80 is Adjunct Professor of
the improvement of fiscal management systems with stronger
International Development at SAIS Europe.
monitoring and accountability systems and civil service reforms
GOVERNANCE
Is Italy Governable?
Interview with John L. Harper
by Valeria Calderoni
John L. Harper
round the time I took Professor Pasquinos course

on Italian politics in the late 1970s, the American
political scientist Samuel Huntington and others
were talking about a crisis of governability connected to
the apparent end of steady growth and unprecedented
stagflation. The theme of democratic distemper in the
Western world became something of an academic fad.
That definition has the advantage of simplicity, although it
begs the questions of what accounts for stability and effectiveness. And long-term governability requires adaptability to new
conditions and the capacity to weather periods of instability
practically the only circumstances in which its possible to
make virtue of necessity and carry out real reforms.
Italy faced a serious crisis of governability in the 1970s.
Anti-communist elements within the state organized a bombing
campaign (the strategy of tension) intended to provoke
public fear and a state of emergency. Red terrorism was born
partly as a result. Then Italy was hit hard by the oil crisis and
had to be bailed out by

germany and the IMF.
Observers often pointed to a
structural factor preventing
the electorate from throwing
the rascals outthe rascals
being the Christian
Democrats and their allies
and renewing the system.
The main opposition party,
the PCI, had supposedly not
accepted democracy or
Italys European and NATO
commitments. This meant a
conventio ad escludendum
among the other parties to
exclude it from power,
backed by the United States.
But in the late 1970s,
governability (based on economic austerity and a firm line
against terrorism) was guaranteed by a temporary coalition
between the Communists and Christian Democrats.
President giorgio Napolitano has recently promoted a similar
kind of pact. The present agreement among the center-left
Partito Democratico (PD), the center-right Popolo della
Libert (PdL), and the small centrist party led until recently
by Mario Monti has ensured a minimum of governability. But
if it lasts it could hurt the PD just as the historic compromise undermined the popularity of the PCI thirty-five years
ago. Matteo Renzi, the rising star in the PD, recognizes this
and if, as is likely, he becomes party secretary its not clear
how long hell support participation in this kind of coalition.
Professor Gianfranco
Pasquino, in the Treccani
Encyclopedia of the Social
Sciences, notes that
governability has been
studied and analyzed only
since the 1970s when it
became a problem for many
western political systems.
He notes that governability
has been defined as
political stability plus
effectiveness in decision
making. Do you agree
with this definition?
Why are these components
of governability missing
in Italy?
In the last twenty years, twelve governments have

followed one another in Italy. Is governability a permanent
problem in Italy? Does the lack of turnover of political
elites play a role in this?
GOVERNANCE
To begin with, the current electoral system makes it hard
Were talking now about the so-called second republic that
for any alliance of parties to win the majorities in both
emerged with the post-Cold War transformation of the PCI
houses necessary for a stable government. The PD, which
and implosion of the Christian Democratic and Socialist
many had expected to win and then govern with Montis
parties in the corruption scandals of the early 1990s. There
centrists, ran a poor campaign and was blind-sided by
has been a certain turnover of elites, but in some ways the
Beppe grillos Movimento Cinque Stelle (M5S). Berlusconi
second republic is no different from the first. The plethora of
did better than expected because he lay low while Monti
governments suggests that basic problems are unresolved.
did the fiscal dirty work, then reemerged with a burst of
The parliamentary systemwith its undifferentiated roles for
energy to exploit public anger over taxes. The result was
the camera and senato, inflated numbers of seats, and weak
that nobody won. Napolitano must have been appalled by
executiveis still intact. There has been endless debate
the fratricide within the PD (in April many of its electors
about over-hauling it but little has been done partly because
voted against the partys candidates for president, includof a conservative devotion to the 1948 Constitution by the
ing Romano Prodi) and would be the
left. The French got rid of a similarly
first to admit that his re-election was a
flawed constitution in 1958.
Long-term
Another legacy of history is Italys
governability requires sign of desperation. Some commentators have talked about an emerging
deeply fractured political culture: the
adaptability
presidential republic. That might be a
kaleidoscope of ideologically and
to new conditions and good thing but it would require direct
regionally-based factions and clans.
election for president and the kind of
Even Berlusconis charismatic leaderthe capacity
powers wielded by U.S. or French chief
ship hasnt ensured cohesion on the
to weather periods of executives.
center-right, which is a hodge-podge of
instability
free market liberals, libertarian radiThe current broad-based governcals, conservative Catholics, former
ment coalition led by Enrico Letta of the PD seemed to
neo-fascists and ex-Craxi socialists. Not to mention the
be the only possible solution, also due to Grillos
separatist Lega Nord on whom Berlusconi has always
refusal to form a coalition with the PD. Elsewhere, the
depended to govern. The fragmentation on the center-left
ability of ideologically distant parties to govern togethis equally striking, with radicals, liberal Catholics, social
er is considered necessary for the well-being of the
democrats, die-hard communists, traditional trade-unionists, and ecologists clinging to their identities and agendas. country; in Italy, many see it as a shameful inciucio, or
under-the-table deal. Why? Is the lack of confidence in
Added to this is that some magistrates are politicized
political institutions a cause or an effect of Italys lack
they see themselves as taking the place of ineffectual
of governability? What are the prospects for the prespoliticiansand the independence of the magistracy has
ent experiment?
been strongly defended by the left. In recent years the
Milan magistrates have doggedly, although I dont think
A grand coalition is necessary for the time-being, but its
unfairly, gone after Berlusconi, and the PdL, backed by the
Lega, has used its power to protect him by passing ad per- easy to see why many PD and Sinistra Ecologia Libert
sonam laws (shortening the statute of limitations, for exam- (SEL) voters find co-operation with Berlusconis PdL hard
to swallow after promises that nothing like that would happle). This has taken up huge amounts of parliamentary
pen. As mentioned, the last time such a deal was struck it
time and energy. So the running battle between Berlusconi
helped the country but ended up hurting the left. The disand the magistrates, which hasnt ended even with his
trust of the state runs deep in Italian history and is both
definitive conviction for tax fraud, has had a devastating
cause and effect.
effect on governability.
How long will this unnatural coalition last and what will
it accomplish? No one knows. Will a deal be struck whereThe inability of political parties to find an agreement
by the PdL allows a new electoral system in return for the
even within their own ranks brought, after the February
PDs acceptance of constitutional reforms like a strength2013 elections, a situation of stalemate. Napolitano was
ened executive? Letta and Napolitano would like the govthe first president to be elected for a second term after
ernment to last indefinitely. The PdL ministers loyal to the
six inconclusive ballots, while no government had been
government recently thwarted an attempt by Berlusconi
formed seven weeks after the elections. What were the
and his hard-core followers to provoke a crisis. For the
immediate causes of this stalemate, and was the re-elecmoment this strengthens Letta. But the PdL could overtion of Napolitano a good or a bad sign?
GOVERNANCE
come its split, and Letta still has his Renzi problem. The
government could fall for any number of reasons in coming
months.
Will the government give a shot in the arm to the economy,
even if sustained recovery requires collective European
action? And European action doesnt guarantee a reversal
of Italys economic decline, which measured in terms of per
capita income, goes back ten to fifteen years. Is it only a
coincidence that this period coincides more or less with
monetary union? Im not sure, but in any case Italys loss of
competitiveness and dynamism is connected to factors
beyond the control of even the most efficient government:
globalization and the rise of the Asian economies. Since
the success of Italian democracy since 1945 has been connected to unusually favorable international economic conditions, there are reasons to be concerned.
In this context, what are the reasons behind the success of Berlusconis party? Is he, in spite of all of his
legal issues and political history, considered by many
to be more able to deliver than the center-left coalition?
Rivers of ink have flowed on this so its hard to say anything new. Berlusconi is a salesman in a class with P. T.
Barnum, and with the stamina of an ox. His fans, including
a large number of women, are devoted to him despite his
legal problems and serial failures to deliver on his promises partly because they see him as a lion-hearted victim of
the tax collectors, the red magistrates, and the left-wing
media. Some would add, of Merkel and the European
Central Bank.
For a more historical perspective its interesting to
recall the anti-Fascist journalist Piero gobettis argument
that Fascism embodied the traditional Italian vices of retorica, the tendency for posturing and seductive packaging to
replace substance; demagogismo, a susceptibility to
manipulation by clever opportunists; and cortigianeria, the
servile worship of the signore and reliance on his favors
typical of paternalistic political systems. The same vices
characterize Berlusconismo, in particular the last one.
The leader is surrounded by obsequious courtesans whose
careers are over when Berlusconi withdraws from politics.
Berlusconi courts his electorate by knowing what it wants
to hear, and thrives on its adulation. In this sense, hes no
Mussolini, who, after all, wanted to make the Italians martial and disciplined.
Berlusconi panders to their individualism and disdain
for rules. And hes no Thatcher or Alberto Fujimori, rightwing leaders who, whatever you think of the results, were
prepared to break with the status quo. Berlusconi only
wants to be adored.
The M5S was very successful in the last elections. Its

wide electoral base is eager for transparency, participation and change, but some of its post-election choices have been considered a disappointment by many.
What do you think the role of the M5S should be in the
Italian political scenario?
I think on balance M5S is a positive force because it has
decided to try to reform the system from within, and has
mobilized people who otherwise would have been disaffected, or worse. I say on balance because grillo, like
Berlusconi, is a gifted demagogue, and his ability to stir up
a crowd is rather frightening. I hope they will keep up the
pressure on questions like public financing, excessive parliamentary pay and benefits, and other issues that have
alienated the public from la castathe political class.
The question of M5Ss future brings to mind another
vice identified by gobetti: trasformismo, the process by
which opposition forces allow themselves to be co-opted or
bought off by the powers that be so that renewal becomes
impossible in the absence of major external shocks like the
world wars, and people on the fringes are attracted by violent methods.
Inevitably, some of the M5S parliamentarians will shift
allegiances, and the movement may well splinter and/or
transform itself into a more conventional party.
Are there reasons for optimism?
Rather than resort to the clich that Italians are incredibly
resourceful, resilient and creative, Ill point out that the
country renewed itself after 1945, coped with the political
and economic emergency of the 1970s, and brought an
unsustainable budgetary situation under control in the early
1990sto the surprise of many. So, although the international economic context is certainly less propitious for Italy
today than at any point since 1945, there are reasons not
to despair.
After completing her Masters Valeria
Calderoni B11 remained in Bologna to
work as a research assistant for the
Bologna Institute for Policy Research
during its first year of activity. In 2012 she
moved to Berlin, where she is marketing
manager for Wimdu, a tourism start up.
John L. Harper is Professor of American Foreign Policy.
His book The Cold War (Oxford: Oxford University Press,
2011) was recently published in Italian as La Guerra fredda:
un mondo bilico (Bologna: Il Mulino, 2013).
GOVERNANCE
The Ebb of Security and Governance

Mali and the Sahel
A Conversation with Winrich Khne
by Odette Boya Resta
It is well known that the most destabilizing threats to global security are no longer
international power rivalries, but rather transnational threats that move easily to and
from countries with ungoverned space. Today West Africa and the Sahel1 are regions
with porous borders and a number of fragile states, where in many cases drug and
arms trafficking and international terrorism create a violent and combustible situation,
manifested by the recent security crisis in Mali.
A sobering example of how internal dysfunctions, corruption and layers of conflict
can accumulate among such mobile transborder actors, Mali is an omen of the type
of instability that could spread throughout the entire Sahel and West Africa
a challenging test case for global governance.
Winrich Khne, Steven Muller Professor, former member of the International
Advisory Group to UN DPKOs Lessons Learned Unit, and founding director of the
Center for International Peace Operations (ZIF) in Berlin, Germany, talked to Rivista
about the challenges Mali and the Sahel face, and what it means for political actors
from West Africa, Latin America and Europe.
Winrich Khne
he trafficking of drugs,
arms and even people
in West Africa and the
Sahel has risen steadily in
recent decades. Identifying
the main perpetrators and
gauging their reach is no
easy task.
Beginning in the late
1990s Latin American drug
cartels gained ground in
countries in West Africa
which suffered from
corruption and some degree
of organized crime. It was
easy for Latin American drug
trafficking pros to exploit
these conditions, explains
Khne. Europe, in close
proximity to the Sahel, is one
of the worlds largest drug

consumer markets, and
Mali and other countries in
West Africa are transit
hubs for trafficking cocaine
and cannabis to the
lucrative European market.
10-15 percent of the
cocaine consumed in
Europe is trafficked
through West Africa,
estimates Khne.
The Tuareg in Mali
and other nomadic groups
in the north of the country
have experience in transSaharan trade dating back
to pre-colonial times,
explains Khne, the
recent steady drift towards
GOVERNANCE
crime and terrorism has resulted in a
decay of governance in Mali, an incomplete
implementation of the 2006 peace treaty
with the Tuareg, and eventually its
downfall. The long-term effects have
been devastating.
A swath of land separating the Sahara
desert from Africa's tropical forests, the
Sahel is known for its pervasive poverty,
unforgiving climate, and great diversity. The
region is home to Timbuktu in Mali, a world
commercial, intellectual and spiritual capital
of the 15th and 16th centuries.
Once hailed as a success story for
democracy and stability in Africa, in
recent years Mali has witnessed a rise
in organized crime and domestic and international terrorism. A series of watershed
regional events like the fall of gaddafi in
Libya and a coup dtat against the former
Malian president Amadou Tour last year
precipitated the crisis. The coup in Bamako
enabled first Tuareg separatist rebel
groups and later jihadists to capture vast
parts of the country. In January, France
who ruled Mali as a colony until 1960
responded with military action to protect
the South and to regain Northern Mali from
the Islamist and separatist rebels who had
taken control of much of the vast territory.
In April 2013, the United Nations
If young people
Security Council transformed the
previous West African-led
cannot find
Stabilization Mission AFISMA in Mali
employment
into a UN-led Chapter vII mission.
and earn satisfactory
Former Dutch Development
Ministerand SAIS alumnus
income, instead
Bert Koenders B80 was appointed
of becoming
Special Representative of the
Secretary general of the new UN
a resource,
Stabilization Mission in Mali
a youth bulge
(MINUSMA). It has an authorized
becomes a
strength of 11,200 military personnel
and 1,440 police officers as well as
demographic problem
civilian personnel. Currently, only
and the large mass
about 6000 have been deployed,
of frustrated youth
mostly by transforming the soldiers
of the former West African mission
a potential source
into blue helmets.
of social and
According to Khne the
challenges faced by MINUSMA go
political instability
10
beyond quick fixes and require managing

extremely complicated local, regional
and global dynamics. The fact that
terrorist groups in Northern Mali received
a significant portion of their financial
support, totaling several hundred million
euros, from drug trafficking to Europe
and ransom payments for the freeing of
European hostages is virtually absent
from the debate in germany and Europe,
asserts Khne.
Khne explains that the rise of AQIM
(Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb) and
later Ansar Dine (Defenders of the Faith)
and MUJAO (Mouvement pour lUnicit et
le Jihad en Afrique de lOuest) has led to
kidnappings, especially of Europeans, as
a significant source of their income.
Unfortunately for the inhabitants of the
Sahel, trafficking and terrorism go hand in
hand. A number of groups such as AQIM
GOVERNANCE
withdrew from Algeria to Northern Mali around 2006. The
emergence of its well-trained cadres brought a new dimension to the organized crime-terrorism nexus in northern
Mali. The AQIM leadership also encouraged its fighters to
marry into Tuareg families, knowing that in the Tuareg culture they would become part of the family and thus enjoy all
the ensuing privileges and solidarity of clan membership.
Like many other developing countries, Mali has a youth
bulge with the overwhelming majority of young people
unemployed. This is particularly true in the North where
the population, not least the Tuareg, have suffered from a
dramatic reduction of their resources for survival through
droughts and lack of development. The recruitment
possibilities by criminal organizations are obvious in this
demographic scenario.
If young people cannot find employment and earn
satisfactory income, instead of becoming a resource, a
youth bulge becomes a demographic problem and the
large mass of frustrated youth a potential source of social
and political instability. The population explosion Mali
experienced in recent years saw its population double
within twenty-five yearsfrom 1987 to 2012without the
economic growth to absorb it. Indeed, this is one of the
reasons why West Africa and the Sahel became such
fertile ground for organized, transnational crime and
Islamist terrorism, says Khne.
Since the military coup against Malis President Tour in
2012 the country has been referred to as a failed state.
According to I. William zartman, state failure occurs when
the basic functions of the state are no longer performed,
in other words: when governance breaks down. This
situation aptly describes the scene in Northern Mali where,
as Khne states, Tour, despite his remarkably democratic
vita in the 1990s and early 2000s, continued his predecessors disastrous policy of manipulating the Norths ethnic
divisions and local criminal networks in order to control the
regioninstead of integrating it into a functioning state.
Arguably, a lack of governance, like in Mali, can only
be remedied if tackled in the context of global governance
initiatives that respond to transnational challengessuch
as organized crime and terrorismbecause they go beyond
the capacity of a single state to handle them. Following this
line of argument the UN Security Council during a meeting
on peace and security in Africa last year made specific
reference to the Sahel and the importance of system-wide
action to combat the spread of drug trafficking and illicit
weapons trading in those countries facing armed conflict
and instability.
Khne argues that while a call for such a comprehensive
and integrated approach is very much en vogue these
days, it is unrealistic. The major regional and international
players have demonstrated time and time again that they

are, for various reasons, not able to implement such an
approach. Lack of effective coordination mechanisms is
one main reason.
Khne argues for a management of diversity approach
guided by key strategic goals that international, regional and
local actors have to agree on: the strengthening of MINUSMA
to ensure it has the vital resources and capabilities to carry
out its tasks; army and security sector reform, which is
essential to long-term stabilization; and the containment of
organized crime and terrorism.
Do not forget the Sahel or you will have more Malis,
Romano Prodi, UN Special Envoy for the Sahel, and former
Italian Prime Minister and President of the European
Commission, warns. Prodi has noted that Mali represents a
security and governance crisis that could be replicated across
the region. Such challenges need to be confronted by an
economic development approach that enables the Sahelians
to define concrete solutions for the regions problems.
Observers have remarked that humanitarian efforts
in Mali appear to be well coordinated. The presidential
elections in late July, arguably premature and makeshift,
have produced a new Malian President. The victory of
Ibrahim Boubacar Keita clears the path for some $4 billion
in aid tied by donor nations to the completion of fair
elections. In their pursuit of prompt elections, major
international donors, such as France, the U.S., germany
and the EU, and the political class in Bamako have
become strange bedfellows, warns Khne.
Time will tell. Now, however, is the time to begin an
inclusive political dialogue that collectively addresses the
issues of all groups in Maliparticularly those living in the
North, like the Tuaregand those of its neighbors with a
view to peace and security. The challenges facing the
inhabitants of the Sahel remain immense.
1 The Sahel covers Mauritania, Mali, Niger, Chad, Burkina Faso and parts of
neighboring countries.
Sources:
- Winrich Khne. West Africa and the Sahel in the grip of Organized Crime
and International Terrorism What Perspective for the UN Mission in Mali?
Policy Briefing, Johns Hopkins SAIS and the Center for International Peace
Operations (zIF), July 2013
- Martin van vliet. The Challenges of Retaking Northern Mali. The CTC
Sentinel, November 2012. vol 5. Issue 11-12
- Report of the International Narcotics Control Board:
http://www.incb.org/incb/en/publications/annual-reports/annual-report-2012.html
Odette Boya Resta B9900

is a communications specialist and editor
of Rivista.
11
GOVERNANCE
A Smoke of Hope
An Essay on Religion
by Bulat Akhmetkarimov
s la fumata bianca rose from a chimney of the

Sistine Chapel on March 13, 2013, thousands gathered in St. Peters Square to welcome the newly
elected Pope. The following week, many more across the
globe turned on their Tvs to watch the Holy Mass and listen
to the inaugural speech of Francis. In this turbulent era of
meteoric rises and falls of great worldly ideas, people were
all ears for an inspiring address that would connect with
everyone, regardless of ethnicity, citizenship or political affiliation. Neither the daunting prophecies of Saint Malachy nor
the skepticism of secularization theorists kept believers
from pondering deeply over the Popes calls for caring and
protecting.
12
Despite widespread expectations that forces of the modern world would sweep religion away by the 21st century,
religions influence on our lives in the age of technological
progress has proved to be much more profound and enduring than was assumed a few decades ago. Today, as we
desperately seek visionary solutions to global challenges,
for many, religion remains a major source of inspiration and
hope.1 Several reasons may explain this phenomenon.
First, despite our advances in the fields of social theory,
the world we live in today is still full of pressing dilemmas
and unsolved puzzles. Academics, intellectuals, policymakers as well as opinion leaders struggle to define and find a
permanent solution to the spread of nationalism, the chal-
GOVERNANCE
have become a central issue for governments around the
lenges of democratization, the perils of globalization and
world, community leaders and active citizens who want to
many other deeply important social and economic concerns.
improve the ability of individuals, organizations and busiSometimes we blame the lack of common terminology for
nesses to build their communitys capacity. Pope Francis
hindering communication among people and delaying resouniversal call for mutual caring should only encourage those
lution of disputes. Sometimes despite agreement on conwho hold positions of responsibility in economic, political
ceptual frameworks, lack of implementing power prevents
and social life to continue seeking answers in the depths of
us from delivering positive results.
history and societies.
In our lifetime, opinions ranging from the optimistic end
Third, dialogue between people with vastly different
of history, symbolizing a conclusive victory of democracy
worldviews is indeed vital in
over other political systems, to the
todays world, where globalizagloomy clash of civilizations, warning
tion, mass communication and
about potential threats to world stabiliToday, as we
technology have pushed individuty, have influenced popular thinking in
desperately seek
als and groups together in ways
this rapidly changing universe. While
visionary solutions
never seen before in human hissome insisted that cultural distinctions
to global challenges,
tory. Never before have we had
define the fault lines between civilizathe ability to collect, analyze and
tions, others put forward economic or
for many,
share information on such a
social class as a threshold for the
religion remains
mass scale. At the same time,
meeting of minds. As contemporary
a major source
arguably, never before have we
history has developed amid these conbeen in such despair with such a
trasts, no theory has been able to unite
of inspiration
pressing need for tolerance and
people around common humanitarian
and hope
understanding. Its no secret that
ideals. On rare occasions alternatives
recognition of the self has always
have been proposed with the goal of
been a key to social interactions, and true happiness, for
filling the existing gaps, but they soon faded away and social
many of us, is still hidden in the ethical, spiritual and emopressure continued to mount over the years. The Popes
tional domains.
pious message of trust and respect, therefore, appealed to
To sum up, lessons from the past have certainly taught
many because, in one way or another, it emphasized the
us that no religion alone may cure all the ills of humanity. We
need for sympathy and mutual understanding.
have learned the hard way that religious dogmatism in some
Second, throughout the known history of humankind,
instances can even lead to violence and war. Interfaith diaquite often people have relied on brutal physical force to
logue, on the other hand, carries a great potential to provide
achieve their goals. Eventually, the notion of power took a
a win-win solution for the parties involved. It is not our fault
central place in the definition of organized political commuthat many of us today were born into a world of ethnic and
nities and the modern state. Nevertheless, while the prescultural amalgamations flowing beyond state boundaries, but
ence of an armed authority has always been important to
it is our responsibility to deliver a better world for future genmaintaining basic order, it has hardly ever been sufficient to
erationsa world with strong platforms for the discussion of
address social problems. Today, a growing number of intelideas and appreciation of cultural and religious diversity.
lectuals admit that physical force is incapable of delivering
permanent solutions for contemporary dilemmas. The
1 globally speaking, according to Toft, as of 2009, 79 percent of people
spread of freedom of choice and expression across the
believed in god. For a detailed analysis, see Toft et al., Gods Century:
globe has left no legitimate room for violence and blunt
Resurgent Religion and Global Politics (New york: W. W. Norton & Company,
coercion. Instead, persuasion and convincibility seem to
Inc., 2009).
gradually gain ground as superior methods of addressing
mushrooming challenges.
Bulat Akhmetkarimov B13 is a Ph.D.
Living amid the shifts in understanding of just what percandidate in the European and Eurasian
suasion and convincibility might mean has challenged many
Studies Program. His research interests
of us to think more seriously about values that may unite
include ethnic conflict, federalism and
the global community. In part, this explains why the past
interaction between religion and politics in
couple of decades have seen a dramatic increase in interest
Eurasia. His dissertation on confessional politics in Russia
in civil society, grassroots movements and interfaith diaseeks to explain the dynamics of state policies toward
logue as agents of change in society. Such movements
Islam since the Soviet collapse.
13
BOLOGNA FEATURE
Living in a Culture
Not Ones Own
by Linda Marion
My Italian sojourn proved to be the quintessential life-altering, horizon-broadening

experience. It convinced me that the world would be a better place if everyone had
the opportunity to live for a time in a culture not ones owncommunicating in
another language, observing and participating in local traditions, and being exposed
to different values, priorities and points of view.
hen I arrived at the SAIS Bologna Center in

1982, I discovered that I was ten to fifteen years
older than the other students. I had already
earned a masters degreein fine arts, of all things
(apparently SAIS thought my background wouldnt impede
my study of international relations) and I had worked in an
art gallery and taught art at a local college. I had also
studied basic Italian, in hopes of visiting Italy some day, but
once I found myself in Bologna having to speak a language
I barely knew, I wondered if I had made a huge mistake.
My reason for enrolling at SAIS was to combine my
background in fine arts with international relations in order to
join the United States Information Agency (USIA) as a cultural
attach. Even though I never made it as far as the USIA, I
eventually learned that there were equally challenging and
surprising things in store.
As an older student, I soon discovered that my worries
about not fitting in were unfounded. The multinational student
body accepted me as a peer; I eventually found a group of
14
close friends, with whom I still keep in touch; and I dived into
the SAIS Bologna Center experience, one which can only be
described as unique.
Two academic years later, shortly after earning my SAIS
degree following the second year in Washington, D.C., I
returned to the SAIS Bologna Center as a staff member. The
first issue of Rivista had just been published in the spring of
1983, and, as the assistant to the director of development, I
helped in the production of Rivista for the next couple of
yearsthat is, until my supervisor left and the magazine was
handed over to me, along with a new title: director of alumni
and public affairs and editor of Rivista. While I already had
some experience writing and editing, assuming responsibility
for the magazine still proved a steep learning curve.
The mid-80s was of course a pre-PC and email era so all
of the magazines text had to be typed out and then retyped
by Italian typesetters, who struggled admirably to make as
few mistakes as possible. Even so, proofreading was a
challenge, and so was having to learn Italian terminology for
BOLOGNA FEATURE
15
BOLOGNA FEATURE
publication production. By the mid-1990s, thanks to technological advances, it became possible to e-mail or download
text and photos onto a disk and whisk it off to the publisher.
Now, three decades later, Rivista is celebrating its 30th
anniversary, with its original intent intact: to reach out to
SAIS Bologna Center alumnias well as to Johns Hopkins
administrators, local dignitaries, board members and other
supporters. Its primary purpose wasand isto instill a
sense of community among the schools alumni, to keep
them engaged, to let them know about events taking place at
the school and in the various alumni chapters across Europe,
and to involve them in the Centers future. For, without a
doubt, the best spokespersons for the value of a SAIS
Bologna Center education are its former students.
My experience as editor of Rivista proved invaluable
when I returned home to Salt Lake City, Utah in 1998. After a
bit of frantic job hunting, I was hired by the University of Utah
Alumni Association as managing editor of Continuum, the
universitys magazine, which has a circulation of almost
300,000. The previous experiences I had at the SAIS
Bologna Center in engaging with students and alumni,
interviewing professors, writing articles, conducting research
and overseeing the production of Rivista proved enormously
helpful in my new position.
One of the first articles I wrote for Continuum, as a way of
introducing myself to readers, was titled Room for a view
(Continuum, vol. 10 No. 4, Spring 2001), which recalled
some of the fond memories I held of Bologna and the impact
that my fifteen year sojourn at the SAIS Bologna Center had
on me personally, and on my world view:
[Some] years ago I occupied an office in Bologna, in
northern Italy (about an hour north of Florence, I always
explain to those who have heard of the city but dont know
where it is). There, my window overlooked a section of the
venerable University of Bologna... 900 years and counting.
Bologna is a city of [roughly] 500,000 inhabitants. The
citys origins are Etruscan; the Romans followed a few
centuries later. Medieval Bologna eventually took shape atop
Roman ruins, which are invariably revealed with every
excavation. Its no place to break a water main.
Once protected by high stone walls, the city center is
now encircled by a four-lane highway, which still acts as
protection from foreign invaders, only todays disincentive
to entry is speeding cars instead of spears Known as the
capital of Italian cuisine, Bologna offers fabulous food, few
tourists, friendly, if somewhat reserved, inhabitants, an
abundance of astounding works of art and architecture, and
some thirty-eight kilometers of porticoes that crisscross the
city, protecting its citizens from the elements.
Bologna is therefore the most walkable of cities, and
one of Italys most captivatingalthough few tourists know
16
BOLOGNA FEATURE
it, opting to invade the more high profile Florence, Rome,

and venice. Wandering through the towns narrow side
streets is like touring a stage set constructed of timbered
and tiled porticoes, marble facades, leaning towers, terra
cotta tiled roofs, and stucco walls painted earth colors
ochre, umber, and mauvethat radiate a ruddy glow in the
afternoon light.
From spring through fall, the air is warm and moist, yet
underneath the porticoes and inside the many basilicas, the
atmosphere is cool and tinted blue. It is a city of startling
contrasts, and almost impossible to photograph.
But photograph it, I did. My favorites are those images I
captured of the magnificent view from the Bologna Center
terrace overlooking the Due Torri and the hillside beyond. Its
a scene that every student likely recalls with affection and a bit
of awe, which, as the years pass, re-emerges as a nostalgic
reflection on ones year (or years) in Bologna.
Unforgettable.
As are the many friends I made there, both as a student
and as a staff member.
Apart from an abundance of memoriesof Alumni
Weekends, alumni chapter gatherings in the great capitals of
Europe, penthouse receptions, evenings at La Fatica playing
briscola, fabulous Bolognese cuisine, the open air markets
that inevitably resulted in a refrigerator overstocked with
fresh fruits and vegetables, weekend bike rides into the
countryside, the neighborhood gelateria, and so many other
thingsthe most important insight I took away from the SAIS
Bologna Center was the sentiment I expressed in my
Continuum article, which is this:
My Italian sojourn proved to be the quintessential lifealtering, horizon-broadening experience. It convinced me
that the world would be a better place if everyone had the
opportunity to live for a time in a culture not ones own
communicating in another language, observing and participating in local traditions, and being exposed to different
values, priorities and points of view.
Happy 30th anniversary Rivista. And kudos to all those
who have followed for carrying on the tradition, turning the
magazine into a sleek, well-crafted publication that reinforces
the value of the SAIS Bologna Center and its highly trained
graduates who are spread around the world.
Saluti a tutti!
Linda Marion B82,83 received a B.F.A.

and M.F.A. from the University of Utah, and
an M.A. from The Johns Hopkins University
School of Advanced International Studies.
She retired in April 2011 and is currently
pursuing a career as an artist. Her work can be seen online
at www.lindamarion.com.
17
Whats New in Bologna

Eliot A. Cohen, Robert E. Osgood Professor of Strategic
Studies, is holding four discussions for students this
semester on the topic Shakespeare on War and Politics,
The group will review four plays by the Bard of Avon on
the themes of war and politics: Macbeth, Coriolanus, Julius
Caesar, and Richard II. We will discover how Shakespeare
portrays the nature and consequences of the lust for power;
the tension between personal honor and soldierly discipline;
the ways in which high office deludes those who hold it; the
nature of conspiracy.
Gary Sick, visiting Professor of Middle East Studies, has
returned this year to offer the mini series United States in
the Persian Gulf: From Outlier to Empire. The object of the
lectures is to put in context U.S. foreign policy decisionmaking in the Persian gulf over a particularly tumultuous
period, and to engage in a dialogue on the subject with
SAIS students and faculty.
We will also host three visiting scholars in the spring:
Guy Lodge, Associate Director for Politics and Power,
Institute for Public Policy Research (IPPR), London;
Michael Leigh, Consultant and Senior Adviser, german
Marshall Fund, Brussels, Belgium and Former Directorgeneral of the European Commission on Enlargement
(2006-2011); and Melvyn Leffler, Edward Stettinius
Professor of History, University of virginia.
In July the Mayor of venice, giorgio
Orsoni, named Anna Ottani Cavina
director of the Federico zeri Foundation
Scientific Committee of the Fondazione
Musei Civici di venezia. Also this year
Cavina was named member of the panel
of judges for the literary prize, Premio
Campiello.
Justin Frosini was awarded a Bocconi
University 2013 Excellence in Research
Award for his book Constitutional
Preambles. A Crossroads between
Politics and Law. In July Ebrahim Afsah,
of the University of Copenhagen,
reviewed the book in the International
Journal of Constitutional Law, the world's leading constitutional law journal published by Oxford University Press.
18
Arntraud Hartmann was appointed for

a five-year term to a three-member
panel of experts of the Internal Review
Mechanism of the African Development
Bank (AfDB). She is also a member of
the compliance review mechanism of the
Asian Development Bank (ADB). This
year Hartmann was appointed senior fellow at the European
Research Centre for Anti-Corruption and State-Building in
Berlin and is visiting professor at the Hertie School of
governance in Berlin.
In August Erik Jones was keynote
speaker at the Alpbach European Forum
2013 - Political Symposium in Alpbach in
Austria.
In June Hanns W. Maull joined the

german Institute for Security and
Foreign Relations in Berlin, germanys
foremost foreign and security policy
think tank, as senior distinguished fellow.
Gianfranco Pasquino spent last

November and December at the
Transatlantic Academy in Washington,
D.C.
Stefano Zamagni was awarded the

international Economy and Society
book prize from the Centesimus Annus
Foundation this year. In 2013 he
became a member of the Pontifical
Academy of Social Sciences and
president of the Italian Observatory
for Family Policies.
Weary Policeman:
American Power in an Age
of Austerity
Dana H. Allin and Erik
Jones, co-authors
The International Institute for
Strategic Studies (IISS),
2012
Machiavelli on
International Relations
Marco Cesa, editor
Oxford University Press,
forthcoming 2014
Democrazia rappresentativa
e referendum
nel Regno Unito
Justin Frosini, co-editor
Maggioli, 2012
The Extraterritorial Effects

of Legislation and Policies
in the EU and U.S.
By Justin Frosini
European Parliament, 2012
Immigrazione, Diritto
e Diritti: profili internazionalistici ed europei
Marco gestri, co-editor
CEDAM, 2012
Oxford Handbook on the

European Union
Erik Jones, co-editor
2013
Quarant'anni di Scienza
Politica in Italia
by gianfranco Pasquino
Il Mulino, 2013
Constitutional Secularism
in an Age of Religious
Revival
Susanna Mancini, co-editor
2013
The Emergency State
(paperback edition)
by David Unger
Penguin/verso, 2013
Globalisation of Natural
Gas Markets
Manfred Hafner, co-author
Claeys & Casteels, 2013
Un affare di donne.
L'aborto tra libert eguale
e controllo sociale
by Susanna Mancini
Padua, Cedam, 2013
Handbook on the
Economics of Reciprocity
and Social Enterprise
Stefano zamagni, co-editor
E. Elgar, 2013
A New Architecture for EU

Gas: Security of Supply
Manfred Hafner, co-author
Claeys & Casteels, 2012
Zhong Mei Ou Guanxi:

Goujian Xin de Shijie Zhixu
by Hanns W. Maull
World Affairs Press, 2012
Impresa Responsabile
e Mercato Civile
by Stefano zamagni
Il Mulino, 2013
La Guerra fredda:
un mondo bilico
by John L. Harper
Il Mulino, 2013
Finale di partita. Tramonto
di una Repubblica
by gianfranco Pasquino
Unibocconi, 2013
19

Other Faculty Publications
Imperfect Substitutes for Perfect Complements: Solving the
Anticommons Problem by Matteo Alvisi and Emanuela
Carbonara, Bulletin of Economic Research 65 (3),
Wiley-Blackwell, 2013
National Treatment under the TBT Agreement by
Arthur Appleton in A. Kamperman Sanders (ed.) The
Principle of National Treatment in International Economic
Law, Trade, Investment, and Intellectual Property, University
of Maastricht / Edward Elgar, forthcoming 2013
Conformity Assessment by Arthur Appleton in M.
Trebilcock and T. Epps (eds.) The TBT Handbook, Edward
Elgar, forthcoming 2013
Product Labelling 15 years On: The Role of the Judiciary by
Arthur Appleton in M. Cremona, P. Hilpold, N. Lavranos, S.
Schneider and A. ziegler (eds.) Reflections on the
Constitutionalisation of International Economic Law - Liber
Amicorum Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann: Essays in Honour of
Professor Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann, European University
Institute, BRILL, 2013
Forum Selection in Trade Litigation by Arthur Appleton,
ICTSD Programme on International Trade Law, Issue Paper
No. 12, International Centre for Trade and Sustainable
Development, 2013
The Landscape of the Macchiaioli. A Path towards the
Modern by Anna Ottani Cavina in Journal of Modern Italian
Studies 18 (2), Brown University, 2013
Are you Doing your Part? veterans Political Attitudes, and
Heinleins Conception of Citizenship by Tyson Chatagnier in
Armed Forces & Society, Sage Publications, forthcoming
Teaching the Enemy: The Empirical Implications of
Bargaining under Observation by Tyson Chatagnier in the
Journal of Conflict Resolution, Sage Publications, forthcoming
Defining Borders and People in the Borderlands: EU
Policies, Israeli Prerogatives and the Palestinians by
Raffaella A. Del Sarto in Journal of Common Market
Studies, forthcoming 2014
Transition after the Arab Spring by Manfred Hafner (with

Simone Tagliapietra) in R. Ferroukhi and g. Luciani (eds.)
The Political Economy of Energy Reform: the Clean
Energy/Fossil Fuel Balance in the Gulf States, gerlach, 2013
A New Euro-Mediterranean Energy Roadmap for a
Sustainable Energy Transition in the Region by Manfred
Hafner (with Simone Tagliapietra) in Policy Brief of the
Energy and Climate Section of the EU Funded Research
Project MEDPRO (Mediterranean Foresight analysis), 2013
The European Union and Private Military and Security
Contractors: Existing Controls and Legal Bases for Further
Regulation by Marco Gestri in C. Bakker and M. Sossai
(eds.) Multilevel Regulation of Military and Security
Contractors: The Interplay between International, European
and Domestic Norms, Hart, 2012
A Shift in Mood: The 1992 Initiative and Changing U.S.
Perceptions of the European Community, 1988-1989 by
Mark Gilbert in K.K. Patel and K. Weisbrode (eds.)
European Integration and the Atlantic Community,
Cambridge University Press, 2013
Constructing Europe by Mark Gilbert in European History
Quarterly, January 2013
E.H. Carr: Changing the Intellectual Milieu by Mark Gilbert
in A. L. Knudsen and K. gram-Skjolager (eds.) Living
Political Biography: Narrating 20th Century European Lives,
Aarhus University Press, 2013
Mario Monti and Italy's generational Crisis: Rome's
Economic Solutions Don't Solve Its Political Problems by
Mark Gilbert in Foreign Affairs, Council on Foreign
Relations, February 14, 2012
The EU Security Role in Chad and the Central African
Republic by Winrich Khne in A. Adebajo and K. Whiteman
(eds.) The EU and AfricaFrom Eurafrique to Afro-Europa,
C. Hurst & Co Publishers Ltd., 2012
West Africa and the Sahel in the grip of Organized Crime and
International Terrorism - What Perspective for the New UNMission in Mali? by Winrich Khne Policy Paper, zIFBerlin
(Center for International Peace Operations) and Johns
Hopkins University SAIS Washington/Bologna, August 2013
Israel and the European Union: Between Rhetoric and

Reality by Raffaella A. Del Sarto in C. Shindler (ed.) Israel
and the World Powers, IB Tauris, forthcoming 2013
zwanzig Jahre robuste Friedenseinstze eine zwischenbilanz

by Winrich Khne in Vereinte Nationen 1, 2013
A vision for a Future Triangle of growth: gCC-North AfricaEU: Elaborating a New Paradigm for the Regional Energy
From the Struggle for Suffrage to the Construction of a

Fragile gender Citizenship: Italy 1946-2009 by Susanna
20

Mancini in B. Rodriguez-Ruiz and R. Rubio-Marin (eds.)
Women's Suffrage in Europe, Brill, 2012
Patriarchy as the Exclusive Domain of the Other: The veil
Controversy, False Projection and Cultural Racism by
Susanna Mancini in International Journal of Constitutional
Law 2, 2012
Secession and Self-Determination by Susanna Mancini in M.
Rosenfeld and A. Sajo (eds.) The Oxford Handbook of
Comparative Constitutional Law, Oxford University Press, 2012
Unveiling the Limits of Tolerance. Comparing the Treatment
of Majority and Minority Religious Symbols in the Public
Sphere by Susanna Mancini (with Michel Rosenfeld) in L.
zucca and C. Ungureanu (eds.) Law, State and Religion in
the New Europe, Cambridge University Press, 2012
The European Union as Civilian Power: Aspirations,
Potential, Achievements by Hanns W. Maull in R. Ross,
. Tunsj, z. Tuosheng (eds.) US-China-EU Relations
Managing the New World Order, Routledge, 2010
(published also in Chinese)
german Foreign Policy: From Civilian Power to Trading
State? by Hanns W. Maull in S. Colvin (ed.), The
Routledge Handbook of Contemporary German Culture and
Politics, Routledge, forthcoming
Italian Presidents and their Accordion: Pre-1992 and Post1994 by Gianfranco Pasquino in Parliamentary Affairs,
October 2012
Non-partisan governments Italian-style: Decision-making and
Accountability by Gianfranco Pasquino (with Marco
valbruzzi) in Journal of Modern Italian Studies, December 2012
ASEANs New Frontiers: Integrating the Newest Members
into the ASEAN Economic Community by Richard Pomfret,
Asian Economic Policy Review 8(1), 2013
The Economic Future of Central Asia by Richard Pomfret in
The Brown Journal of World Affairs 19(1), Fall/Winter 2012
Exchange Rate Policy and Regional Trade Agreements by
Richard Pomfret (with victor Pontines) in R. Baldwin, M.
Kawai and g. Wignarajan (eds.) The Future of the World
Trading System: Asian Perspectives, www.voxeu.org/content/future-world-trading-system-asian-perspectives, 2013
Le passage lconomie de march des annes 1990: des
performances contrastes by Richard Pomfret in M. Laruelle
and S. Peyrouse (eds.) Eclats dEmpire: Asie Centrale,
Caucase, Afghanistan, Librairie Arthme Fayard, 2013
Resource-rich Transition Economies by Richard Pomfret in

P. Hare and g. Turley (eds.) Handbook of the Economics
and Political Economy of Transition, Routledge, 2013
Sub-regional zones and ASEAN Economic Community by
Richard Pomfret (with Sanchita Basu Das) in S. Basu Das,
J. Menon, R. Severino and O. Lal Shrestha (eds.) The
Asean Economic Community: A Work in Progress,
Singapore, 2013
Turkmenistan after Turkmenbashi by Richard Pomfret in J.
Ahrens and H.W. Hoen (eds.) Institutional Reform in Central
Asia, Routledge, 2013
How to Decarbonize the Transport Sector? by Bob van der
Zwaan (with Filip Johnsson and Ikka Keppo) in Energy
Policy, forthcoming 2013
Potential for Renewable Energy Jobs in the Middle East by
Bob van der Zwaan (with Lachlan Cameron and Tom
Kober), Energy Policy 60, 2013
The Role of Nuclear Power in Mitigating Emissions from
Electricity generation by Bob van der Zwaan in Energy
Strategy Reviews 1, 2013
Europe and Islam
Erik Jones and Saskia van Genugten
(co-editors), Special Issue of The
International Spectator 48 (1),
Routledge, 2013
Secularism and Islam: The Theological
Predicament by Olivier Roy
EU Foreign Policy and Political Islam:
Towards a New Entente in the Post-Arab Spring Era?
by Timo Behr
The French Debate on National Identity and the Sarkozy
Presidency: A Retrospective by Jonathan Laurence and
Gabriel Goodliffe
Muslim Organisations and Intergenerational Change in
germany by Dirk Halm
Muslims in Italy: The Need for an Intesa with the Italian
State by Karim Mezran
The Netherlands and Islam: In Defence of Liberalism and
Progress? by Saskia van Genugten
Islam and the Muslim Communities in the UK:
Multiculturalism, Faith and Security by Catherine Fieschi
and Nick Johnson
Identity, Solidarity, and Islam in Europe by Erik Jones
An Encouraging Account of Muslim Integration in Europe
by Sanam Vakil
The Mission of a Mosque by Camille Pecastaing
21
STUDENT VIEW
Cultural Chameleons
in a Changing Global Landscape
by Nic Corbett
or some Johns Hopkins SAIS Europe students, the

concept of home is not easily defined. Ask Austrianyemeni International Development concentrator
Karim Bin-Humam B13 where hes from, and hell reply
good question. Pose the same query to yasmin Anis B13,
an Egyptian-Turkish student concentrating in Conflict
Management, and silence fills the air. Thats what I do. I
pause for a really long time, she says, the way I was
brought up, moving around, allows you to adapt easier to all
places, but it makes you feel like you dont really belong to
any one place.
Yasmin
Born in the United Arab Emirates to enterprising parents
in the hotel industry, yasmin spent her formative years in
countries spanning three continents, bouncing back and
forth between the homes of each parent, whose careers
sometimes separated them by thousands of miles. They
both wanted to become general managers, yasmin says.
Theres only one general manager per hotel so they were
unable to work in the same place.
Before she was a year old, yasmins family moved to
Cairo, and a year later to Basra, Iraq, where her father
worked until they had to evacuate at the start of the war
with Kuwait.
For her first few years, yasmin lived by the Red Sea in
Hurghada, Egypt. At five, she moved again when her mother
took a job in Beijing. yasmin flew so frequently between
Cairo and Beijing as an unaccompanied minor she was well
known among the flight attendants of Singapore Airlines.
At ten, she moved back to Egypt and lived in Alexandria with
her father for a year. Following this she spent two years back
in the UAE, with her mother.
yasmin went to high school in zimbabwe, where her
father ran a hotel. She attended college at American
University in Washington, D.C., majoring in International
Studies with minors in Psychology and Chinese and a
regional focus in Africa. She spent her junior year studying in
ghana. Because she traveled regularly to Egypt to visit family,
22
yasmin mostly identifies with Egyptian culture, but not entirely.

I take a bit of each country I live in with me, yasmin
says, and reject the stuff I dont like.
Karim
Although Karim is a citizen of yemen and Austria, he has
never lived in either country. His parents UN careers took
him and his sister around the world. They lived in Nigeria,
New york City, Sri Lanka, Syria and Jordan, and then
returned to New york, where Karim finished high school. He
went on to study mechanical engineering at Tufts University
in Boston.
Over the years Karims experience has shaped his perspective on new countries and cultural environments.Theres
no one culture I identify with most, he says. Often it seems
like its the culture I happen to be living in at a particular
moment, sometimes not. Some cultures have been easier,
and others more difficult for me to adjust to, but overall, each
culture has elements you can relate to, if you're open.
Out in the World
yasmin, who is concentrating in Conflict Management at
SAIS, witnessed firsthand the Arab Spring revolution in
Egypt. She gathered with demonstrators at Tahrir Square
twice before seeking refuge at a relatives house outside the
center of Cairo.
It started getting violent, she said. When security forces
in Tahrir Square saw us with our phones, theyd want to take
them and smash them. The security forces were becoming
alarmed. They didnt know how to control the people.
Like yasmin, Karim was also inspired by the events of
the Arab Spring to study International Relations, with a focus
on the Middle East. He was working in Ramallah, West Bank
when the revolution in Egypt happened.
When Hosni Mubarak fell, I was in the West Bank, and it
was pure euphoria, he says. Everybody was out in the
streets. Having lived in the Middle East for so many years, I
noted there was consensus: Nothing will ever change in this
region; we just dont have it in us to make it happen.
Yasmin Anis and Karim Bin-Humam
But after that seismic event, he says, even the most cynical
person was an idealist for a day.
This summer, Karim went back to Ramallah to intern
at global Communities, where he worked on the Local
government and Infrastructure Program, which aims to
improve the lives of Palestinians by building local governance capacity.
The internship tied into my career goals perfectly, he
says, that is, improving governance practices in developing
countries, particularly in the Middle East. I could also see
myself specializing in targeting corruption.
yasmin, too, has also worked with NgOs. Before coming to
SAIS, she worked at the I, the Egyptian Foundation, or Ana
El-Masry, in Cairo on community development, rehabilitation for
at-risk children and microfinance. She was also an intern in
New york City at Onevoice, working on the Israeli-Palestinian
conflict. This summer she interned in Liberia with the
Accountability Lab, an organization started by SAIS alumnus
Blair glencorse B03 that works to create innovative tools for
accountability and transparency in Nepal and Liberia. News of
the ousting of Hosni Mubarak and then Mohamed Morsi
stirred in yasmin the desire to be back in Egypt.
We are living in a time of continuous change, she says.
At times, I find it a challenge to reconcile what we are being
taught at SAIS with fast-paced developments on the ground.

In my own country, things are changing so fast that the term
paper I wrote on the new Egyptian constitution a few months
ago no longer applies today.
Karims peripatetic childhood may make it easier for him
to connect quickly with people, more than just superficially,
he explains. His career goal is to better peoples lives, not
necessarily to make rank or be successful.
In some ways I'm surprised at how much of an academic
endeavor international development can be to people at a
school like ours.
We often miss the point that there are real people, real
lives affected by the issues that we write about in our
papers, he argues, and while keeping an analytical eye on
developments is important to determine what is effective and
what is not, analysis in and of itself has never changed a fact
on the ground. I think my background has helped me to
maintain that perspective.
Nic Corbett B13 is a second-year SAIS student concentrating
in the Latin American Studies Program. A former newspaper
journalist, she spent her summer interning with Innovations
for Poverty Action working on a midline evaluation of an
anti-poverty program near Cusco, Peru.
23
Photo by Nic Corbett
STUDENT VIEW
STUDENT VIEW
A Strategic Location
by Rebecca Ben-Amou
From left: Jared Metzker, David Vaino, Charles Ludwig, Guy Bo Friddell, Guli Du, Ann Dailey, Elisabeth Reed, Rebecca Ben-Amou, Benjamin Locks, Jory Bentley, Eliasz Krawczuk, Stephen Crosse
o one can argue with the advantage of a strategic

location. The proximity of SAIS Europe to companies,
governments, NgOs and international organizations
in Europe gives students a leg up in finding post-degree
employment. Each year students attend career trips around
the continent with SAIS Europes career services program or
organize excursions of their own.
Traditionally, trips havent focused on defense or
intelligence-related professional opportunities, but last
years group of Strategic Studies students decided it was
time for a change. By pooling resources and connections,
they organized an expedition concentrating on strategic
studies with visits to select defense and military installations
in Europe.
Ann Dailey B13 coordinated the trip with guy Bo Friddell
B13. Students from several academic concentrations,
including Strategic Studies, Middle East Studies, European
24
and Eurasian Studies, Energy Resources and Environment,

and American Foreign Policy, visited professionals working
at the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and
Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE)
located in Brussels and Mons respectively, as well as the
United States European Command (EUCOM) and United
States African Command (AFRICOM) in Stuttgart, germany.
Discussions during meetings were not only helpful to
students seeking career advice but also complemented what
they were learning in the classroom. At NATO headquarters,
students participated in a number of meetings about public
diplomacy and the U.S. Mission to NATO as well as topicspecific conversations with the Director of NATO-Russia and
NATO-Ukraine and the Director of Arms Control. Firsthand
accounts from staff, some of whom are SAIS alumni, proved
revealing. They offered insight into what it would be like to
work for the organization and what future key issues will be.
STUDENT VIEW
Discussion focused on how decisions are made, priority
areas, the changing role of the NATO alliance and its
enlargement.
At SHAPE students gained a deeper understanding of
how the various military forces of NATO work together
towards a common goal. They met with representatives from
the public affairs office, the human resources department
and the EU liaison department. Through these meetings they
learned how NATO coordinates its efforts with the EU and
how SHAPE communicates NATO goals to the rest of the
world.
After two jam-packed days in Belgium, students moved
on to Stuttgart, germany to visit the headquarters of
EUCOM and AFRICOM. Once again, thanks to the wide
network students tapped into, they managed to participate
in meetings and discover more about the American military
in Europe.
At EUCOM, students met with the head of intergovernmental liaison directorate, the public affairs office, the
george C. Marshall Center liaison, the head of EUCOM
intern coordination and the chief of Black Sea/Eurasia policy.
At AFRICOM, students met with a multitude of
representatives: intergovernmental liaison directorate, chief
of policy planning, chief of human resources and manpower
directorate, intelligence/knowledge development office,
public affairs office, strategic communications office and

the State Department liaison. According to insiders the
command has recently been focusing on issues involving
terrorist activities from groups like Al-Qaeda in the Islamic
Maghreb, Boko Haram, Al-Qaeda in Eastern Africa and
other smaller sub-groups across the continent. In addition,
students learned that AFRICOMs main mission is to deter
violent extremism, promote regional cooperation and
develop crisis response and contingency operations.
The March Strategic Studies career trip was much
more than a chance to explore more of Europe, meet
alumni and sightsee. It was a chance for students to get
first-hand information about professional opportunities with
organizations throughout Europe and an inside look at the
issues and decisions they are confronting. Organizer Ann
Dailey comments, Student-led trips offer greater flexibility
and allow students to tailor meetings to their interests.
This enables them to build more meaningful relationships
with employers and expands the SAIS network for future
classes.
Rebecca Ben-Amou B13 is a second-year student at SAIS
concentrating in Strategic Studies and Arabic. She has
interned for the U.S. Army War College and LIgNET.com
and continues to pursue a career in civil service.
At NATO Headquarters in Brussels, Belgium March 4, 2013
25
STUDENT VIEW
A Gelato Museum
in Bologna
by Nic Corbett
hen you enter the cavernous exhibition room of

the gelato Museum Carpigiani in Anzola Emilia
outside of Bologna, you immediately notice a wall
covered in quotes in English and Italian. They are phrases
about frozen delicacies from novels and by famous people.
A line from Madame Bovary refers to a character in ecstasy
as she consumed the treat. She was eating maraschino ice
that she held with her left hand in a silver-gilt cup, her eyes
half-closed, and the spoon between her teeth.
The exhibit features original equipment, historical images,
26
and multimedia and walks visitors through the origins and

history of gelato, starting frombelieve it or notthe bronze
age of Mesopotamia. The museums eponyms, however, are
straight out of the 20th century. Bruto Carpigiani designed an
ice cream machine called an autogelatiera just before he died
in 1945, and the following year his brother Poeri founded the
company that produces the machines. Today Carpigiani
equipment is exported around the world. In 2003, the company
founded a gelato school to train entrepreneurs and in the fall
of 2012 opened the gelato museum. Last year, the company
STUDENT VIEW
Photos by Nic Corbett
Carpigiani vehicle carrying a soft serve machine at the Bologna fairgrounds, 1958. Photo courtesy of the Bruto and Poerio Carpigiani Foundation
began exporting Italian-style artisan gelatomaking lessons through training seminars held
in Dubai, So Paulo and Kuala Lumpur.
The museum agrees in principle with
Carpigiani's main mission, that is, to spread
the culture of artisanal gelato worldwide, says
valentina Righi, vice president of the Bruto
and Poerio Carpigiani Foundation. The
gelato Museum aims to be a source of information for artisanal gelato makers around the
world who want to make their customers
aware of the difference between the fresh
product and the industrial one.
One thing is clear from the museums
history exhibit: shrb, the predecessor of sorbet
in the Middle Ages, was a fundamental step
in spreading the gelato gospel. Shrb was a
sugary syrup prescribed by Arab apothecaries
that would later be used to flavor sorbets.
Sorbet was initially only enjoyed in royal
courts and monasteries, but, according to the
museum, its democratization would come in
1686 when Francesco Procopio Cuto of Sicily
opened his sorbet shop Le Procope in Paris.
New kinds of gelato were developed in

Florence in the 16th century during the time
of the Medici dynasty. By the 1800s, gelato
street vendors were common in Europe and
America.
At the museums gelato Lab SAIS students
learned about the artisanal gelato and sorbet
making trade. Makoto Irie, the instructor,
demystified the process explaining how to
obtain the precise proportions of sugar,
melon, water, dextrose and stabilizer to create
melon sorbet and then mix them into the
original Carpigiani machine. She selected
volunteers to spoon the sorbet out of the
machine, and everyone was treated to a
serving, their eyes half-closed with delight.
Nic Corbett B13 is a second-year SAIS
student concentrating in the Latin American
Studies Program. A former newspaper
journalist, she spent her summer interning
with Innovations for Poverty Action working
on a midline evaluation of an anti-poverty
program near Cusco, Peru.
27
ALUMNI
Cari Alumni,
Care Alumnae,
Its always a pleasure to see our alumni communities grow and thrive. We are proud
that you stay connected in so many European countries including Austria, Belgium,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, and the United Kingdom.
Traditional events such as Alumni Weekend in Bologna, Amici di Bologna in
New York, the Annual German Alumni Meeting in Berlin and I Bolognesi a Londra
have been regular appointments for SAIS alumni throughout the year. But so have
the monthly meetings in Austria and Belgium, and the smaller events and activities
around Europe. All of these gatherings demonstrate the involvement of our alumni,
each
of whom is part of a real community.
Connect with SAIS alumni communities: learn about upcoming events and
participate in alumni activities in Europe by contacting the SAIS Europe Alumni Office.
See you next year at Alumni Weekend in Bologna on April 25-27, 2014.
A presto!
Elif Nazmiye Yavuz
n September Elif Nazmiye Yavuz B03,04 was among

more than sixty people killed in the terror attack by militants at the Westgate shopping mall in Nairobi, Kenya.
A Dutch citizen of Turkish heritage, Elif was working on
malaria research in Africa for the Clinton Foundation. She
and her partner Australian architect Ross Langdon, who
was also killed in the attack, were expecting a baby.
At SAIS Elif earned an M.A. degree with a concentration
in European Studies. After SAIS, she worked for the World
Bank before attending the Harvard School of Public Health,
where she carried out her dissertation on malaria in East
Africa before joining the Clinton Foundation.
President Bill Clinton said in a released statement: Elif
devoted her life to helping others, particularly people in
developing countries suffering from malaria and HIv/AIDS.
Dean vali Nasr in a recent message to the SAIS alumni
community remarked we must remain steadfast and pure
28
in our commitment to the study of energy, health, conflict

and many other important challenges we face as a global
community. In that way we can honor not only Elif, but also
the countless others who stand shoulder-to-shoulder with
you in shaping tomorrows world.
Elif was known for her compassion and ability to inspire
others. She will be deeply missed by all who knew her. SAIS
has lost an unforgettable member of its community and
mourns the loss of so many other lives at the Westgate mall.
Elifs life and legacy will be celebrated at a memorial
service on Saturday, November 16th at 10:00 am at the
Princeton Club in New york City, 15 West 43rd Street,
between 5th and 6th Avenues. The invitation is open to all
who wish to gather to remember Elif. R.S.v.P. to Camilo
Tellez B03,04.
To learn about the initiative in Elifs memory, please see
article on page 44.
ALUMNI
Alumni Weekend 2013

Celebrating SAIS Europe
by Francesca Torchi
Friday evening Panel Discussion: from left Elena Panaritis B90,91,

Michael G. Plummer B82, Arntraud Hartmann B80 and Thra Arnrsdttir B03,04
Class of 1963 celebrating the 50th anniversary
Friday night, cocktail on the Abernethy Terrace at SAIS Europe, Bologna Center
Friends from the Class of 2008: Mary Ramsey, Bob Miller, Chad Miner and Jeremy Ventuso
29
Photos by Eikon Studio
n 2013 about 400 alumni got together at via Belmeloro 11

to commemorate their SAIS experience. At this years
Alumni Weekend the classes of 1958, 1963, 1968, 1973,
1978, 1983, 1988, 1993, 1998, 2003 and 2008 all celebrated
their Bologna class anniversary. The Class of 2003 was
represented by more than sixty members for its 10th
anniversary, and the Class of 2008 by almost eighty for its
5th. Friday evening, after Director Kellers warm welcome
to alumni, Elena Panaritis B90,91, Thra Arnrsdttir
B03,04 and Arntraud Hartmann B80 participated in
Coping with the Crisis, a lively roundtable moderated by
Michael g. Plummer B82.
On Saturday the members of the Class of 1963 received
a gift from the school, a special recognition certificate of their
Bologna class 50 year anniversary. The Bologna Center
Journal of International Affairs, a student-run publication,
gave a presentation, which was followed by the morning's
main event, a discussion panel about revisions in world
politics with BC Journal students and moderated by
Professor David C. Unger.
This years Alumni Back to Class sessions covered a
wide range of issues: Machiavelli's Prince after 500 Years
with Marco Cesa, Brazil as Regional Power: What Do Brazil's
Neighbours Think? with Mahrukh Doctor B89, 90, Weary
Policeman: American Power in an Age of Austerity with Erik
Jones B89, 90, PhD96, From Private Leverage to Public
Debt Crisis: Lessons for the World Economy and its Banker
with Filippo Taddei and Is the EU still Willing to Promote
Industry? with vera Negri zamagni.
Alumni enjoyed the wonderful view of San Luca and the
Due Torri from the Abernethy terrace during the cocktail and
lunch organized by SAIS Europe. The three-day event came
to an end with Sunday morning tours of local attractions such
as Palazzo Fava and the New International Museum of
Music.
In 2013 we had record alumni attendance. Our thanks go
out to all the alumni who traveled to Bologna for the event
as usual, it was their participation in all of the formal and
informal festivities that made the weekend so special and
unique.
view photos from the 2013 event.
ALUMNI
Saturday morning panel discussion with SAIS Europe students and Professor David C. Unger
A special thanks to alumni volunteers who met with current

students to answer their questions about career paths in
various sectors.
Kenneth Anye B08,09
Seth Arenstein B83,84
Bartosz Augustyniak B08,09
Stefania Benaglia B08,09
Jeremy Bowen B83,86
Karen Brown B73,74
Wolfgang Buchner B73
Christopher Cantelmi B93,94
Clinton Carter B03,04
Filippo Chiesa B08,09
Conor Clyne B03,04
Daniel Daley B88,89
Michael Darling B08
Mafalda De Avelar B03,04
Reneta Dimitrova B08,09
Jana Dorband B03,04
Elijah Duckworth-Schachter B93,94
Henner Ehringhaus B63,64
gerald Charles Fitzgerald B63
Martin Fraenkel B83,84
John gans B08, 09
Aart geens B08,09
Blair glencorse B03,04
Brad glosserman B83,84
Nicole goldstein B08,09
Jaume guardans B93
1955
59
2014
30
th
They made the Alumni Career Sessions, one of the most

significant moments of the weekend for both alumni and
students.
Jennifer Hunnewell B93,94

Mathias Huter B08,09
Dara Iserson B08,09
Francis Jacobs 73,74
Thomas Jetter B83
Laura Johnston B93,95
Natalie Kempkey B08,09
Eric Kessler B08,09
Scott Kleinberg B88,91
Martina Klenner-Auvillain B03
Christine Knudsen B93,94
Rajiv Kochar B93,94
Erik Kooijmans B82,83
Bastiaan Krner B66
Edith Laszlo B96,97
georg Lennkh B63
Jaime Levine B93,99
Christopher Lewis B08,09
Jennifer Linker B03,04
Ellen Liu B03,04
Ryan Marshall B08,09
Angela Mazer Marshall B08,09
Jacqueline Mazza B83,84, Ph.D.98
Hanna McCloskey B08
Kate McNulty B08,09
Antonio Missiroli B93
Bernardo Monzani B03,04

Henrique Mota B83
Andrew Natenshon B03,04
Klas Nyman B93
Malka Older B03,04
Jan Panek B93,94
Claire Pierangelo B83,84
grazina Raguckaja B08
Joseph Richardson B03,04
Jonathan Rosen B08,09
Justine Rubira B03,04
William Saab B08,09
Natasha Sachs B08
Burcu San B93
Elvira Snchez Mateos B88,89
gunther Seibert B63
Thomas Seidner B08,09
Megan Sheehan B08,09
Frank Spellerberg B83
Marcos vaena B03,05
Frederik van Hogendorp B73
Peter van Krieken B73
gerold vollmer B03,04
Florian Weiler B08,09
Jens Wirth B08,09
vladimir zuberec B03
Alumni Weekend
2014
Save the Date
April 25-27
Bologna, Italy
Francesca Torchi
is a member of the SAIS Europe
Alumni Relations Office.
ALUMNI
Amici
Converge
on the UN
by Thomas Tesluk
Photos by Reneta Dimitrova and Kishor Nagula
n an unseasonably warm Saturday evening last

October 5th, hundreds of alumni and friends of
SAIS and the wider Johns Hopkins community
came together from across the country and across the
Atlantic at the UN headquarters in New york City.
The occasion was the 6th annual Symposium and
Celebration, a signature event organized for the benefit of
SAIS Europe by Amici di Bologna. Amici is an association
of SAIS Europe alumni launched in 2008 by a group of
like-minded alumni. From the start, Amici volunteers have
worked closely with SAIS Europe staff to build and expand
the alumni community. Our goal was to create opportunities
for alumni to come together to reconnect with each other
and the center.
From left: Erik Jones, David C. Unger and Thomas Tesluk
All SAIS graduates and friends of SAIS are welcome

to attend Amici events.
This years event drew a larger, more geographically
diverse, and younger audience than ever before. Thanks to
the generous support of accounting firm grant Thornton,
Amici Steering Committee members including Jack
Wasserman B64, Alison von Klemperer B86, 87, Robert
gurman B81, 82, and SAIS Europe supporters including
Bill and Inger ginsberg, Pam and Eric Melby B71, 72, and
Director Ken Keller, Amici was able to offer deeply discounted
tickets to members of the current SAIS class as well as to
each of the past three SAIS classes. I was delighted to be
able support this effort to help keep so many of our young
alumni connected with the life of SAIS Europe, says Keller.
As a result of the Committees fund raising efforts, over sixty
young alumni were able to participate this year and network
with other alumni. This is more than three times the number
who participated in past Amici events.
With over two hundred guests in attendance, Amicis
annual event has grown to become one of the largest annual
gatherings of SAIS alumni anywhere.
The program kicked off with the traditional academic
symposium featuring members of the SAIS faculty. Professor
Erik Jones, Director of the European and Eurasian Studies
Program and the Bologna Institute for Policy Research, was
joined on stage by Adjunct Professor of American Foreign
Policy David C. Unger. In addition to teaching at SAIS
Europe, Unger is a senior member of the New York Times
Editorial Board.
Following the popular Charlie Rose format used last
year, Professors Jones and Unger engaged in a wide-ranging
31
ALUMNI
Amici dine at the UN
conversation about the limits of an American interventionist

foreign policy. The audience responded with a spirited Q&A
session encompassing Syria, the Middle East generally, and
other geopolitical hot spots.
After the discussion guests and speakers moved to the
terrace overlooking the East River for the reception. As the
sun began to set, guests were called to dinner in the newly
renovated Delegates Dining Room where younger alumni
were seated together with their more senior counterparts.
The wine served this year was a particular treat for those
lucky enough to have sampled it in Bologna.
With the special assistance of Alessandra Forni B11,12
guests were offered the spectacular wines of Tizzano
vineyards of Casalecchio di Reno.
Ajay Kaisth B89 and Daniela Kaisth B89, JHU90
co-chaired this years silent auction. As a result of their
generous support, each table featured an elegant engraved
print depicting scenes of Bologna which were very popular
with guests. Bidding on them took off!
The highlight of this years silent auction, however, was
the special contribution of five luxury handbags donated by
Furla, Bolognas own historic leather goods manufacturer.
Together, the prints and the Furla handbags helped raise
thousands of dollars in sponsorship of the event.
Amici would like to extend a very special thanks to all of
this years sponsors:
grant and Thornton
Furla USA
Tizzano vineyards
Del Corona & Scardigli
Ajay and Daniela Kaisth
Amici di Bologna is run entirely by volunteers. To get
involved in planning and managing alumni events on behalf
of Amici di Bologna, please contact Tom Tesluk.
Thomas Tesluk B81,82 is CEO of MissionID, Inc. and
Sequent Consulting LLC. He serves as Chairman of the
SAIS Europe AdvisoyCouncil and is member of the SAIS
Board of Advisors.
32
Berlin
Annual Reunion
of the SAIS Alumni
German Chapter
by Julia Christine Schiling
his fall the alumni reunion in Berlin convened

more than fifty SAIS alumni whose graduation
years span 1961 to 2012 for an annual event
organized by the SAIS Alumni german Chapter and its
President Jrgen glckert B62. Together with Mark
Maskow B99,00, glckert organized a stimulating cultural
and academic program for alumni who came from all
parts of Europe and beyond.
Current students Samantha Witte B14 and vincenz
Klemm B14 attended the reunion to personally thank the
german Alumni Chapter for their fellowship support and to
update alumni on their current experience at SAIS. Alumni
from other Johns Hopkins University schools also attended.
The weekend began with a guided tour of the
Bundeskanzleramt (german chancellery) and beautiful
view over the Reichstag and other Parliament buildings.
Participants met at the Deutsche Gesellschaft fr
Auswrtige Politik (DgAP, german Council on Foreign
Relations) to hear the keynote speech IT and the Social
Networks and their Impact on the Democratic System
delivered by SAIS Europe Director Kenneth H. Keller.
This was followed by remarks by Dr. Ole Wintermann,
a specialist on social media and global trends and a
discussion with alumni, moderated by Winrich Khne,
Steven Muller Professor for german Studies. During
the afternoon, alumni relaxed in the DgAP garden with
coffee and light fare. Alumni dined at Amuse restaurant
which opened just for themand impressed everyone
with a delicious meal and great Italian wines.
ALUMNI
Sunday morning, participants toured the former airport
Tempelhof, which between 1948 and 1949 connected West
germany and West Berlin during the Berlin Airlift. During the
blockade of the city by Soviet forces, more than 277,000
flights of the so-called candy bomber airplanes delivered
food and other necessary supplies to keep the Western part of
Berlin going.
The annual reunion of the SAIS Alumni german Chapter
takes place every third weekend in October in Berlin and is
fully subsidized by participating alumni.
The next informal happy hour for SAIS Alumni in Berlin will
be held in early December. For information about future events
or to get involved, contact the SAIS Europe Alumni Office and
join the SAIS Alumni german Chapter on LinkedIn.
From left:
Claude Cornet B'62, Moritz Schmid-Drechsler B'11, '12,
Isabel Hoffmann B'10, '11, Jakob Liermann B'11, '12
Julia Christine Schiling B10,11 works as research assistant

and policy advisor for the chairwoman of the Committee on
Economic Cooperation and Development of the german
Bundestag in Berlin.
Norbert Baas B'76 and Juergen Glueckert B'62
Panel discussion
33
ALUMNI
Exchanging Perspectives
2013
by Francesca Torchi
he 4th edition of I Bolognesi a Londra was held on

November 2 at the Royal College of Defence Studies
(RCDS) in Londons Belgrave Square with about
ninety alumni and friends in attendance. Organized by the
Bolognesi a Londra alumni committee, the event is an
opportunity for SAIS alumni to reconnect with former
classmates and professors.
The evening opened with welcoming remarks by Kenneth
H. Keller, Director of SAIS Europe, and an introduction to the
RCDS by Louis Armstrong CBE, former deputy commandant
of the RCDS. A panel discussion titled U.S. Military
Intervention: Whether, When and How? was moderated by
John L. Harper B76,77, Ph.D.81, Professor of American
Foreign Policy. Eliot A. Cohen, Robert E. Osgood Professor
of Strategic Studies, Director of the Strategic Studies
Program, and Director of the Philip Merrill Center for
Strategic Studies spoke on the panel along with and David
C. Unger, Editorial Board member of The New York Times
and Adjunct Professor of American Foreign Policy.
34
10
ALUMNI
11
Once more, I Bolognesi a Londra offered its guests, the

SAIS alumni community, an interesting breadth of perspectives
from a panel of SAIS professors who teach both in Bologna
and in Washington, D.C.
An aperitivo and buffet followed the panel and allowed
guests to chat and continue the debate for the rest of the
evening. The president of the Johns Hopkins University
Alumni Council Association, Terri McBride 99 and the
co-president of the Johns Hopkins University Alumni
Association in the U.K., Fabrizio Jacobellis B02, 03,
also attended.
A special thank you to the I Bolognesi a Londra
Committee, composed of Mimi Meyer Armstrong B'82,'83,
Marco Dell'Aquila B'85,'86, Martin Fraenkel B'83,'84 and
geraldine Kelly B'80,'81, who made the event a great
success and to Louis Armstrong, who made it possible to
hold the event in the delightful Seaford House of the Royal
College of Defence Studies.
To stay in touch and hear about SAIS alumni activities in
London, please contact the SAIS Europe Alumni Office
and join the SAIS London Alumni group on LinkedIn.
1. MacPharlin Broderick B'11, '13, Marco dell'Aquila B'85, '86, Fabrizio Jacobellis B'02, '03
2. Staircase in the Seaford House, Royal College of Defence Studies
3. Filippo Gamba B'03, '04, Lena Wong and Davide Scigliuzzo B'10, '11,
Kenneth H. Keller JHU 63, JHU Ph.D.64, David Rosskamp B'11, '12,
Gianluca Esposito B'01, '02, Anna Wilson B'10, '11
4. Detail of the Seaford House
5. Efsan Askin B'93, Hasan Teoman B'80, '81 and Kenneth H. Keller JHU 63, JHU Ph.D.64
6. Martin Fraenkel from the Bolognesi committee speaks to alumni
7. The audience in the Lecture Room, Royal College of Defence Studies
8. Kenneth H. Keller, Eliot A. Cohen, John L. Harper, David C. Unger during the discussion in
the Lecture Room, Royal College of Defence Studies
9. Fabrizio Jacobellis, co-President of the JHU Alumni Assiciation in the UK speaks to alumni
10. Detail of the Seaford House
11. The Seaford House, Royal College of Defence Studies
Photos by Francesca Torchi
Francesca Torchi is a member of the SAIS Europe Alumni

Relations Office.
35
DEVELOPMENT
Thanks
from
SAIS Europe!
by Gabriella Chiappini
ith the 59th academic year now underway in Bologna, I would like to
take this opportunity to thank all of you who have generously and
loyally supported SAIS and Bologna, in particular, over all these
years. your generosity has been fundamental in advancing our institution and
in expanding our role in the life of SAIS. Our brand new name, SAIS Europe,
captures this notion and recognizes the enhancement of our programs stature
within SAIS and in Europe. I hope you will enjoy reading about how meaningful
and effective your support is for the school and for its students and faculty.
Alumni giving to SAIS Europe has increased steadily over time, accounting
now to almost 90 percent of our yearly donors. yet only 10 percent of our
alumni population chooses every year to direct their philanthropy to us.
We count on you as a source of strength now and in the future.
Alumni participation not only allows us to offer the SAIS experience to
the next generations of international experts by offering them the unique
combination of a year in Bologna and a year in Washington. But it is also
often a key element for measuring the success of our program. And this is
critical as we look to encourage more foundations and corporations to partner
with SAIS.
Every gift makes a difference and I welcome you to learn more about
how to give back to SAIS and to join our community of donors today.
I look forward to meeting as many of you as possible during the course of
the coming year at our many events or in your city to express in person the
gratitude of the School.
Grazie mille!
Gabriella Chiappini is Director of Development, SAIS Europe
36
DEVELOPMENT
37
DEVELOPMENT
How to make a gift to SAIS Europe

www.sais-jhu.edu/giving/saiseurope
Making a donation to SAIS Europe is very simple, click here
for giving instructions
ll donations from the U.S. and Canada are tax

deductible. Tax deductible donations can also
be made through the Transnational giving Europe
network in the following countries:
BELGIUM
King Baudouin Foundation (KBF)
FRANCE
Fondation de France
newe!
cod
GERMANY
verein der Freunde des Bologna Center
To make a tax deductible donation from one of the following

countries: Bulgaria, Luxembourg, Romania, Slovenia,
Spain, Hungary please contact us.
If your country is not on this list or for more information
please contact:
Clarissa Ronchi
Development Coordinator
via Belmeloro 11
40126 Bologna, Italy
Tel. +39 051 2917821
cronchi@jhu.edu
IRELAND
Community Foundation for Ireland
ITALY
Associazione Italo-Americana
Luciano Finelli
NETHERLANDS
Oranje Fonds
POLAND
Foundation for Poland
SWITZERLAND
Swiss Philanthropy Foundation
U.K.
Johns Hopkins University UK
Charitable Trust
38
ine
onl ing
giv able
il
ava
DEVELOPMENT
Fellowship Ceremonies
SAIS Students learn thanks to donor generosity
ivista has, in the past, given space to fellowships,

one of the most important areas in the life of our
students. Today we focus on the opportunity that
fellowships open to students by allowing them to benefit
from the SAIS academic program and the interaction with
fellow students in their path to becoming professionals
ready to leave a footprint in the outside world. We are
pleased to tell the story of an Italian alumnus who was
able to join SAIS in 2000 thanks to the financial aid he
received at the time. He recently told us that he had
applied to SAIS because he wanted the best education
for enhancing his understanding of the contemporary
world and to become part of a stimulating international
environment.
Class of 1968 Fellowship - Patrick H. Harper, Winfried Lambertz,

Brigitte Fliegauf (Roller), Helmut Dorn, Chimdindu Onwudiegwu,
Tain Tompkins, Jacqueline Lafon-Hengl and Dr. Eckhard Bergmann
39
DEVELOPMENT
City of Vienna Fellowship

Anis Chouchane, Andreas Mailath-Pokorny, Rupinder Rai and
Matthias Dirnbacher
However, he did not have the financial means to fully

cover tuition and expenses and, as he recalls, without
the fellowship I received with my admission letter, I would
have been forced to decline the offer.
He talks of his time as SAIS as a continuous learning
experience, both in the classroom and outside and says
that it is hard to underestimate the impact on his own
personal development of those conversations at the
cafeteria, where there was always some fellow student
able to talk about a given major world event from some
sort of direct experience. This made me aware of new
possibilities which I could try to make true. Thanks to
the fellowship he received, SAIS became the defining
moment in his life. This has always been clear in his
mind. So clear that last year he decided to give back to
the school and support an individual fellowship to benefit
a new student, as well as contribute to his class initiative.
His fellowship recipient wrote him in a letter I am excited
to be here and eagerly looking forward to whatever this
year has in store for me. I greatly appreciate the financial
support you provided to me to complete my studies. In
other words, I could not be happier. She took advantage
of all the opportunities offered by SAIS here in Bologna
and is now in Washington for her second year of studies.
And the cycle continues: this current student will
tomorrow become an alumna, and perhaps a donor...
Tanya Lolonis and Wilhelm Hemetsberger Fellowship

Wilhelm Hemetsberger, Xian Liao and Dean Nasr
UniCredit Fellowship
Roberto Nicasto and Koru Selim
40
James Anderson Fellowship

James Anderson and Oliver Russell
DEVELOPMENT
Henry Tesluk Fellowship

Thomas Tesluk and Sylvia Staneva
UK Charitable Trust Fellowship

Cormac Sullivan and Martin Fraenkel
Mario Possati Fellowship

Alberto Possati, Alberto Vacchi, Martin Vladimirov, Stefano
Possati, Tiziana Ferrari, Ken Keller and Edoardo Possati
41
DEVELOPMENT
Class Initiatives
lumni faithfully gather in Bologna for the annual

Alumni Weekend and many celebrate their class
reunions to recognize the very special year they
experienced by learning togheter in such a demanding and
stimulating environment.
Its a heady combination that bonds the students and
produces graduates who have a wider vision and superior
skills for working in todays global and diverse world.
At class reunions alumni enjoy spending time together
and participating in the Alumni Weekend program.
They also reflect on how life-changing their year in
Bologna was and are inspired to make it possible for new
generations to share a similarly positive experience. This
wish comes true in the form of class initiatives. Almost
every year existing initiatives are revitalized, and new
initiatives are launched.
This years highlights include the Bologna classes of
1963, 1983 and 1993.
Class of 1963s 50th Anniversary Gift

Naneen and Axel Neubohn have launched a 50th Anniversary
gift to establish a Class of 1963 Fellowship.
visit the class webpage to learn more, see the progress,
and make your contribution.
The Class of 1983 Made It!
In April an anonymous donor offered a challenge gift of
$15,000 to the Bologna Class of 1983 LEAD Fellowship Fund
to stimulate contribution from all class members.
The class challenge was to bring the 30th anniversary
gifts participation to 25 percentand they made it in less than
a month! Up to 41 percent of the Class of 1983 has contributed to the LEAD Fund since its inception, which makes
the 83ers one of the classes with the highest participation
rates. The initiative is still ongoing. If you have not made a gift
to the fund, please consider doing it now! Join your class gift:
your generosity has a life-changing impact on future generations of Bologna students. visit the class webpage to learn
more, check the funds progress and make your contribution.
Class of 1963
42
DEVELOPMENT
Class of 1983
Join Your Class Initiative!
Class of 1993
A New Fellowship from the Class of 1993

Following in the footsteps of other Bologna classes, the 93ers decided to celebrate their 20th anniversary with a fellowship
under the name of their class. The goal is to raise $200,000 by their next class reunion in 2018. The fellowship will contribute
to increasing the geographic diversity of SAIS students. This is a newly-born initiative and needs the support of all members!
you will soon hear from Susanne, Anita, Abigail, Christine and Teri class of 1993 leaders who strongly encourage their
classmates to join!
43
DEVELOPMENT
Memorial Initiatives
To Remember Members of Our Community
Remembering
Elif Nazmiye Yavuz
he SAIS community
lovingly remembers
Elif Nazmiye yavuz
B'03,'04 who was among the
victims of a tragic terror attack
at a shopping mall in Nairobi,
Kenya (see article on page 28).
An initiative is underway to
honor Elif through a fellowship in her name that would help
a next generation SAIS students carry on her legacy and
commitments to serving others. It was spearheaded by
Bob Hildreth B75, former member of the SAIS Board of
Advisors, who most generously pledged $50,000 toward a
goal of establishing a $500,000 endowed fellowship fund in
Elifs memory. To join the initiative please click here and to
learn more, contact Camilo Tellez and Alexandra Jaeckh.
Gita Beker Busjeet

Memorial Fellowship
ita Beker Busjeet

B04,05 will be
remembered in
perpetuity thanks to the
generosity of her parents,
husband Jeremy B04,05,
classmates and friends who
established the gita Beker
Busjeet Memorial Fellowship to honor her memory. Since
its inception, the initiative has been incredibly successful.
The initial long-term goal to raise $100,000 and create an
endowment has already been reached and SAIS is proud
to announce the first fellowship recipient, Lama Kiyasseh
from Syria, who is now studying at SAIS in Bologna. I feel
honored to be the first fellowship recipient and a part of the
extended gita Beker Busjeet family here at SAIS Europe, and
hope that I can be an inspiration in my passion for international
relations, like gita Beker Busjeet was to her family and
friends, says Lama. visit the Gita webpage to learn more,
see the progress, and to make your contribution.
44
Enzo Grilli Memorial

Fellowship
now a perpetual fellowship
nzo grilli was a SAIS

alumnus and a well
respected professor
whose connection to SAIS
spanned nearly forty years.
Upon his sudden death in 2007,
an initiative was launched to
establish a permanent Enzo grilli Memorial Fellowship to
benefit SAIS students. Led by two of Enzo grillis former
students, Silvia zucchini B99,00 and Alessandra Campanaro
B00,01, the initiative has now reached its first goal thanks to
the generosity of anonymous donors. The fellowship is now
endowed in perpetuity, and SAIS is proud to announce this
years recipient in Bologna, Nicolaas van vliet from the
Netherlands.
The initiative continues with the aim to increase the fund
to augment the yearly fellowship. Click here to join the
Enzo grilli Memorial Fellowship initiative.
Fred Hood Research Fund
he Bologna Class of
2003, together with
his family, remembers
Fred Hood B03,04 through
the Fred Hood Fund to support
research activities of Ph.D.
and M.A.I.A. students at SAIS
in Bologna.
Pete, Headley and Saverio,
class leaders for this initiative,
strongly encourage their classmates to join to reach the
$300,000 goal as part of the class 10th anniversary
celebrations.
visit the Fred Hood webpage for more information,
to see the progress, and to contribute.
DEVELOPMENT
Patrick McCarthy Fund
pon his death, many

of his former students
and friends decided
to establish the Patrick
McCarthy Fund to support
faculty research at SAIS
Europe with the ultimate goal
of funding a Patrick McCarthy
Chair at SAIS in Bologna.
The Patrick McCarthy Seminar Series on
Intellectuals and Politics aims to revive a tradition of
studies in the humanities that has always been part of the
SAIS mission. Studying International Relations requires
knowledge of the mores, ideas and histories of societes
around the world. Patrick McCarthy was an able interpreter
of this cultural dimension to international affairs, one of
the leading scholars of contemporary Italian history
and a major figure in the field of intellectual history of
twentieth century Europe.
This year the Patrick McCarthy Fund will support
the conference Macchiavelli and International Politics
organized by Professor Marco Cesa to be held on
November 23, 2013 in Bologna.
Click here to learn more about the initiative and
make your contribution.
Updates
SAIS Welcomes
New Members
of its Legacy Circle
harles Anson B'66 has decided to include

SAIS in his will to benefit U.K. students in
Bologna with a fellowship that will offer new
generations of students the opportunity to share the
same positive life-changing experience Charles had
in Bologna.
rans Lijnkamp B'81 has made provisions in

his will to establish a permanent fellowship
fund to support one or more Dutch students
at SAIS in Bologna and in Washington.
Grazie Charles e Frans!
45
Design by Brittney Johnson
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SAIS EUROPE
GLOBAL PRESENCE
INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE
MASTER DEGREES IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
APPLICATIONS DUE BY 7 JANUARY 2014
admissions@jhubc.it
www.sais-jhu.edu
+39 051 291 7811
VIEW VIDEO AND SHARE

TELL A FRIEND ABOUT
JOHNS HOPKINS SAIS
The Johns Hopkins University - Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies - SAIS Europe - Via Belmeloro, 11 - 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Misgovernance

MESSAGE from the Director

s hard as it is to believe, I am beginning my eighth

Photo by Sabina Betti

9 The Ebb of Security

26 A Gelato Museum in Bologna

28 Cari Alumni, Care Alumnae,

31 Amici Converge on the UN

14 Living in a Culture Not Ones Own

34 I Bolognesi a Londra 2013

18 Whats New in Bologna

36 Thanks from SAIS Europe!

38 How to Make a Gift

The Road Weve Taken

Governance is the rule of the rulers,

After wading through a dozen or so definitions,

Johns Hopkins University SAIS Europe

Johns Hopkins University SAIS Europe

from the World governance

ver the last decade

Source: Economist Online Dec 2, 2011

scarce resources. Furthermore, it leads to inefficient economic

Johns Hopkins University SAIS Europe

Johns Hopkins University SAIS Europe

round the time I took Professor Pasquinos course

had to be bailed out by

In the last twenty years, twelve governments have

Johns Hopkins University SAIS Europe

The M5S was very successful in the last elections. Its

Johns Hopkins University SAIS Europe

The Ebb of Security and Governance

by Odette Boya Resta

Johns Hopkins University SAIS Europe

Photo by Sabina Betti

of the worlds largest drug

beyond quick fixes and require managing

Johns Hopkins University SAIS Europe

Johns Hopkins University SAIS Europe

players have demonstrated time and time again that they

Odette Boya Resta B9900

Photo by Sabina Betti

s la fumata bianca rose from a chimney of the

Johns Hopkins University SAIS Europe

Johns Hopkins University SAIS Europe

Photo by Sabina Betti

My Italian sojourn proved to be the quintessential life-altering, horizon-broadening

hen I arrived at the SAIS Bologna Center in

Johns Hopkins University SAIS Europe

Photo by Sabina Betti

Johns Hopkins University SAIS Europe

Johns Hopkins University SAIS Europe

Photo by Sabina Betti

it, opting to invade the more high profile Florence, Rome,

Johns Hopkins University SAIS Europe

Linda Marion B82,83 received a B.F.A.

FACULTY News & Publications

Whats New in Bologna

Arntraud Hartmann was appointed for

In June Hanns W. Maull joined the

Gianfranco Pasquino spent last

Stefano Zamagni was awarded the

Johns Hopkins University SAIS Europe

FACULTY News & Publications

The Extraterritorial Effects