09 Fuel Oil System in E/R

Course 2004

Fuel Oil System - E/R

Purpose of the rules and regulations;

To achieve safe and reliable transfer, purifying and supply of fuel oil for combustion
(e.g. propulsion and power generation) while at the same time avoid fire risks

Slide 2

Fuel Oil System - E/R

Fire hazard
-

Insulation
Tanks
Piping
Quick closing valves
Remote stop of pumps
Drain

Performance
-

Propulsion
Electric generation

Slide 3

Fuel Oil System - E/R

Fuel oil tanks:
- Only fuel with flash point 60C and above acceptable (except with restricted
cold service area, gas as a fuel, crude oil installation, or HSLC)
- Heating only up to 10C below flash point
- Except:
- Temperature at outlet less than 60C if less than 3 meters from
ignition source
- Flame screens
- No opening from vapour in tank to machinery spaces
- Well ventilated cofferdam above tank
- Only intrinsically safe electrical equipment in vapour space of tank
- Separated from FW tanks with cofferdams
- If located close to boiler or other hot surfaces: Insulated

Slide 4

Fuel Oil System - E/R

Fuel oil piping fire prevention:
- Detachable pipe connections ;
- Minimise the number
- Keep away from heated surfaces e.g. M/E, G/E, boilers and
exhaust gas pipes
- Remote shut-off device
- All connections on fuel oil tanks which are below liquid level and in open
position during service
- The operation shall be at central position outside E/R
- Also relevant for pipes entering the engine room from tanks above engine
room double bottom level located outside the E/R
- Quick closing valves are not to be kept open by pneumatic or hydraulic
pressure
- Drip tray from fuel oil tanks to be drained to waste oil tank

Slide 5

Fuel Oil System - E/R

Fuel oil piping keep engines going:
- Redundant fuel supply pumps
- Filters to be possible to be cleaned without interrupting fuel supply
- For auxiliary engines one filter per generator is acceptable
- Tanks to be fitted with means for draining water- if open drain it is to be fitted
with self-closing valve
- HFO tanks sloping bottom- very important to get efficient drain of particles
- Many engine break-downs due to rough weather bringing particles up into
the fuel again

Slide 6

Fuel Oil System - E/R

Fuel oil piping keep engines going:
- Flowmeter of positive displacement type: Loss of fuel oil supply to diesel
engines in case of blocked flowmeter must be prevented
- Automatic by-pass required
- HFO system: Fuel oil separators required

Slide 7

The basis of Separation

1.

Centrifugal separation
vessel with disc-stack

3.
2.

>5000 g

Show
movie
Slide 8

Fuel Oil System - E/R

Principal sketch - Fuel oil system HFO
STORAGE
TANKS

FILLINGS
CONNECTIONS

PUMPS

PURIFIERS

FILLINGS
CONNECTIONS

SETTLING
TANKS

SERVICE
TANKS

PUMPS

MAIN ENGINE
PUMPS
AUX. ENGINE
Slide 9

FO Filling And Transfer System

FWD CARGO
MANIFORD

FWD CARGO
MANIFORD

ABAFT CARGO
MANIFORD

ABAFT CARGO
MANIFORD

IN FRONT OF
ACCOMM.

LS HFO
TK

DO
NO.1 DO
STOR TK SERV TK

NO.2
HFO TK

NO.1
HFO TK

NO.2 DO
STOR TK

HFO
SERV TK

HFO
SETT TK

LS HFO
SERV TK

LS HFO
SETT TK

F.O
DRAINS

H.F.O
TRANSFER
PUMP

D.O TRANSFER
PUMP

No.2
HFO TK

IN FRONT OF
ACCOMM.

FO OVERFLOW TK

Slide 10

Fuel Oil Purifying System

Slide 11

M/E Fuel Oil Service System

Slide 12

G/E Fuel Oil Service System

Slide 13

A/B Fuel Oil Service System

Slide 14

Incinerator & Emcy G/E Fuel Oil Service System

Slide 15

Purifier Room

Slide 16

Purifier Room

Slide 17

Fuel Oil Supply Unit

Slide 18

Heat Exchanger
1.

Shell and tubular type heat exchanger

It is the most common type of heat exchanger in oil refineries and

other large chemical processes, and is suited for higher-pressure
applications.

In the shell and tube design a tube bundle or stack is fitted into a
shell.

Slide 19

Shell and tubular type heat exchanger

Slide 20

Shell and tubular type heat exchanger (straight type)

Slide 21

Shell and tubular type heat exchanger (straight type)

Shell

Shell Cover

Shell Flange Channel End

Shell Flange Cover End

Shell Nozzle

Floating Tube Sheet

Floating Head Cover

Floating Head Flange

Floating Head Backing

10

Stationary Tube Sheet

11

Channel Head

12

Channel Cover

13

Channel Nozzle

14

Tie Road and Spacer

15

Baffle Plate

16

Impingement Baffle

17

Pass Partition

18

Vent Connection

19

Drain Connection

20

Instrument Connection

21

Support Saddle

22

Lifting Lug

23

Tube

24

Weir

25

Liquid Level Connection

26

Shell Nozzle Flange

27

Channel Nozzle Flange

28

U Tube

29

Gasket

Slide 22

Shell and tubular type heat exchanger (U-tube type)

Slide 23

Shell and tubular type heat exchanger (U-tube type)

Slide 24

Auto filter
Auto filter

Internal backwash assembly uses small portion of process

steam to clean tubes individually and consecutively without
interruption of flow.

Slide 25

H.F.O Auto filter

Slide 26

L.O Auto filter

Filtration
Slide 27

Double Assembly FO Pump

Slide 28

VISCOSITY CONTROLLER
The sensor consists of a pendulum
attached to a base plate by a torsion
tube.
Two sets of piezo-electric elements are
positioned inside the pendulum.

Slide 29

VISCOSITY CONTROLLER
One set drives the pendulum, the other set measures and
controls its rotational movement via a feedback circuit.
This closed-loop controlled rotational vibration principle is
independent of ageing of piezo material, ensuring long stable
and accurate measurement.

Slide 30

VISCOSITY CONTROLLER
For viscosity measurement, the resulting frequency at two specific values
of phase difference is detected.
This gives a value for the dampening which is proportional to the square
root of the viscosity.

Slide 31

CONNECTIONS

Reference : www.vaf.nl

Slide 32

Viscosensor on FO supply module

Reference : Solartron Mobrey

Slide 33

Vibration Type Viscosity Controller

The active part of the sensor is a vibrating rod. The vibration amplitude
varies according to the viscosity of the fluid in which the rod is immersed.
These viscosity meters are suitable for measuring clogging fluid and
high-viscosity fluids even with fibers

Slide 34

Flowmeter
Flowmeter

An instrument used to measure pressure, flow rate, and

discharge rate of a liquid, vapor, or gas flowing in a pipe.

Slide 35

Flowmeter
VANE TYPE

- Suitable for viscous media ranging from hydraulic oils to light gear

oils, the vane eliminates problems associated with viscosity

changes during operation.

Slide 36

Flowmeter
RADAR TYPE

- It consists of a transceiver which produces an audio frequency output

related to the shift in frequency between radio waves backscattered
from particulate matter carried in a fluid and the radiated radio waves.
- A variable gain amplifier and low pass filter are provided for
amplifying and filtering the transceiver output.
- A frequency counter having a variable triggering level is provided to
determine the magnitude of the shift.

Slide 37

Flowmeter
ULTRA SONIC TYPE

- Measure the flow velocity , volume or mass

flow of a liquid or a gas.
- Non-invasive liquid flow monitoring : transit
time and doppler.

Slide 38

Flowmeter
ULTRA SONIC TYPE
It can detect in-situ flowrates from outside the pipework, without
any interruption to flow or process.

Slide 39

Fuel Oil System - E/R

References;

DNV Rules for Ships Pt.4 Ch.6 Sec.5D

SOLAS 1974 as amended Ch.II-1 Reg.26 and Ch.II-2 Reg.11

SOLAS 2000 Amendments Ch.II-2 Reg.4

Slide 40

Fuel oil system E/R

Additional requirements for
- FUEL
- Dynpos AUTR/ AUTRO
- RP/RPS

Note: Different
requirements with
regard to pump
redundancy: For RP/S
TWO pumps required
for each of the main
engines/ generator
engines unless ship can
keep normal propulsion
power without this
engine/ generator

Slide 41