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network device that forwards packets from one network to another. Based on inter
nal routing tables, routers read each incoming packet and decide how to forward
it.
Routers work at the network layer (layer 3) of the protocol
GATEWAY
device that converts one protocol or format to another. A network gateway conver
ts packets from one protocol to another.the gateway functions as an entry/exit p
oint to the network.An earlier name for router.
GATEWAY work at the Transport layer or session layer (layer 4) of the protocol
wat is subnetting?
Used in IP Networks to break up larger networks into smaller subnetworks. It is
used to reduce network traffic, Optimized network performance, and simplify mana
gement i.e. to identify and isolate network problems.
difference between RARP and ARP?
ARP is used to determine the physical address(MAC Address) of the device only wh
en its ip address is known. ARP is also used to translate the IP address to Ethe
rnet MAC address. Each device has a physical address imprinted on the Network In
terface Card(NIC).ARP used to associate an IP address with the phycial address.
RARP is used to determine the IP address of the host only when the physical addr
ess (MAC Address) is known. It's useful when the computer is connected to the ne
twork for the first time.
what is MTU?
maximum transmission unit (MTU) of a communications protocol of a layer is the s
ize (in bytes) of the largest protocol data unit that the layer can pass onwards
.
Integrated services router(ISR)?
2800 series of routers is called ISR since service like security has been built
on it.Ibt has SDM (security device Manager) for configuration of router via web
console.
Startting process of router?
bootstrap-->stored in ROM boot the router and then load the IOS.
POST(power on self test)--stored in rom does the testing of hardware and determi
nes which interfaces are present.