Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Homework 3
Ch. 24: 19, 25, 29, 43, 45
Ch. 25: 8, 10
19)
Gauss ' s Law : 0 = qenc
q
2 0 r L
for any place outside the shell in the radial direction at distance r
c) The electric field in the region between the shell and the rod
Between the shell and the rod, the total enclosed charge is simply the rod.
Thus, qenc = +q
The same type of Gaussian cylinder in part aL is used here so
E=
+q
2 0 r L
25)
The infinitely long cylinder of radius R will be similar to the
infinitely long wire except that instead of a linear charge density ,
charge
we will have a volume charge density JReminder : =
N
volume
Gaussian cylinder and the flux there will be zero Icos 90 = 0M. Thus,
we need only deal with the flux through the curved part of the Gaussian cylinder,
which has a surface area of 2 r h
So, the electric flux through the Gaussian cylinder is :
= EA = E2rh
since the electric field and the normal vector are in the
29)
For this ball to be holding in a position where the thread makes an
angle of 30 with the sheet, the tension created in the thread from the
electrical repulsion between the ball and the sheet must balance the
gravitational pull. Let T be the magnitude of the tension in the thread.
Using the component version of the equilibrium equation,
Fx = 0
Fy = 0
The forces in the x direction are the Coulomb force FC and the x
component of the tension in the thread
Fx = FC + Tx = 0
The forces in the y
direction are the gravitational force Fg and the y component of the tension
Fy = Fg + Ty = 0
The x and y components of the tension are related to the magnitude of the tension and
the angle it makes with the axis by the usual vector decomposition equations :
Tx = T sin
Ty = T cos
E =
2 0
Thus,
q
Fc =
2 0
Combining these expressions we get
Hwe add a negative sign in front of Tx since it points in the negative x directionL :
q
T sin = 0
2 0
m g + T cos = 0
Solving each of these for the common term T, we get :
q
1
T =
2 0 sin
mg
T =
cos
Equating the two T ' s and solving for Hwhat the problem asksL, we get :
2 0 m g tan
=
q
i
F
C 1
j
j
jm = V m =
k
F
m
C
J
C
1
C2 1
=
=
m
Nm m
C2
kg m
s2
1
C2 s2
=
kg m3
m m
q = 2.0 108 C
m = 1.0 mg H = 1.0 103 g = 1.0 106 kgL
m
g = 9.81 2
s
= 30
We get
9
= 5.0 10
C2 s2
kg m3
kg
C
m
s2
= 5.0
nC
m2
(2 significant figures since the values of m and g are given to two significant figures)
y
z
z
z
{
43)
a) Electric field within the sphere (r<a)
Inside the charged sphere, we draw a Gaussian sphere of radius r
The electric field points outward radially from the center of the sphere and
thus points in the same direction as the normal vector to the surface of the
Gaussian sphere.This means the angle between them is zero and since cos 0 = 1,
the flux is :
= E A = E 4 r2
where A, the surface area of a sphere, is 4 r2
To calculate the amount of charge enclosed at radius r,
we first determine the volume charge density
q
q
=
= 4
Vsphere
a3
3
The amount enclosed is then :
q
4
r 3
qenc = Venc = 4
r3 = q I M
3
3
a
3 a
E =
45)
A
for the spherical shell where r ' is the amount of r within the shell
r'
To find the amount of charge in the
shell enclosed by a Gaussian sphere with radius Ha < r < bL,
we need to add up all of the infintessimal shells of volume multiplied
by their charge density Hthis is necessary because is not constant
and depends on how much of the volume has been added in alreadyL
=
qshellenc = dV
4
r '3
3
qshellenc =
A
1
4 r '2 dr ' = 4 A r ' dr ' = 4 A
Hr2 a2 L
r'
2
a
r
Solving for E,
1
i q + 2 A 2 A a2 z
y
j
E =
r2 {
4 0 k r2
In order for E to be uniform throughout the shell,
it cannot depend upon r so the terms that depend on r must cancel
q
a2
2A 2 =0
2
r
r
so A must equal :
q
A =
2 a2
8)
E HrL =
qr
4 0 R3
a)
by definition,
V =
E.ds
+ r d
in spherical coordinates, d s = dr r
+ r sin d
E.ds =
V =
qr
q
dr =
r dr =
3
4
R
4
0 R3 0
0
0
q
=
r '2
8 0 R3
r'
r'
1
q
Hr '2 02 L
4 0 R3 2
b)
The difference in the electric field
between a point on the surface and the sphere ' s center is :
V =
V Hr ' = RL V Hr ' = 0L =
q
q
q
q
R2
02 =
R2 =
8 0 R3
8 0 R3
8 0 R3
8 0 R
c)
if q >0, the potential is greater inside the sphere than out
V(r'= R) < V(r'<R)
because DV is negative for r' < R
10)
a)
Eq. 25 18 : Vf Vi = E . d s
f
Eq. 24 13 : E =
2 0
For an infinite sheet, E points perpendicular to the surface,
which in our case is the
z direction.
In three dimensional, rectangular Cartesian coordinates,
+ dy y
+ dz z
d s = dx x
Thus, E . d s =
dz
2 0
So, V HzL V Hz = 0L =
V Hz = 0L = V0
0
Thus,
V HzL = V0
dz =
dz =
Hz 0L
2 0
2 0 0
2 0
z
z
2 0
b)
The amount of work done by moving an object of charge q through a potential is :
W
= Vf Vi
q
In our case,
W
= JV0
z N V0
q
2 0
So,
q
z
W =
2 0
C
y
i
m2 C
z
j
j
z
jNote : the units are correct for work C2 m = N m = Jz
2
{
k
Nm