Table of Contents

Section 1

Page

Introduction
1.1 Purpose of This Volume

1.3 Who Should Use This Volume

1.2 Effluent Discharge Standards and Requirements

1.4 Related Reference Material
Section 2

General Guidelines
2.1 Initial Consultation

2.3 Where No Public Sewer is Available

2.2 Where a Public Sewer is Available

2.4 Homestead Developments
2.4.1
2.4.2
2.4.3
2.4.4
Section 3

Single Development up to 30 Units or 150 PE

in Total
Single Development Over 30 Units in Total
With Average Housing Density Greater Than
Five Units per Hectare
Single Development Over 30 Units in Total
with Average Housing Density Less Than
Five Units per Hectare
Individual Development Outside Local
Authority Areas

9
10
10
10
10
11

Design Guide
3.1 General

3.2 Planning
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2.3
3.2.4
3.2.5
3.2.6
3.2.7
3.2.8

Site Selection
Maintenance Vehicle Access
Safety Requirements
Desludging Works
Location of Septic Tank within Premise
of Property
Inspection Chamber
Septic Tank Drawings
Future Connection to Public Sewers from Proposed/
Existing Septic Tank

15
16
16
17
18
18
18
19
19
20

3.3 Design
3.3.1

21

Inlet and Outlet

23

3.3.2

Compartmentalization

3.3.4

Effluent Discharge

3.3.3
3.3.5
3.3.6
3.3.7
3.3.8

3.3.9

Head Room
Covers

Construction

Principal Dimensions for Cast In-Situ Septic Tank

Principal Dimensions for Prefabricated Septic Tank

22
24
24
25
25

26

26

3.4 Non-proprietary Systems

27

3.5 Proprietary Systems

27

3.5.1

Tank Material

28

3.5.3

Inspection Chamber and Septic Tank Covers

29

Filter Chamber and Filter Media

30

3.5.2
3.5.4
3.5.5
3.5.6
3.5.7
3.5.8
3.5.9
Section 4

Volumetric Capacity

Tank Fabrication and Construction

Ventilation, Inlet and Outlet Pipes
Marking/Labelling

Base of Septic Tank

Installation

Testing of Septic Tanks

29
29
30
31
31

32

Septic Tanks Located in Sensitive Receiving Watercourses

4.1 General

35

4.3 Disinfection

36

4.2 Further Treatment Methods For Achieving Higher Effluent

Quality

35

Appendices
Appendix A Recommended Population Equivalent

39

Appendix B Effluent Discharge Standards to Malaysian Inland Waters

42

Appendix C Typical Layout Using Rear Access

(Bungalow and Factory)

43

Appendix D Typical Layout Using Rear Access

(Terrace House, Shop House and Commercial Building)

44

Appendix E Typical Layout Using Front Access

(Terrace House, Shop House and Commercial Building)

45

Appendix F Layout showing Bypass to Public Sewer

(for all applicable developments including Terrace Houses)

46

Appendix G Details Showing Bypass to Public Sewer

47

Appendix H Typical Concrete Septic Tank Diagram (PE 12)

48

Appendix I

Typical Concrete Septic Tank Diagram (12 < PE 30)

49

Appendix J

Typical of a Proprietary Septic Tank

50

Appendix K Typical Bed System for Soil Absorption

51

Appendix L Typical Mound System for Soil Absorption

52

Appendix M Typical Buried Intermittent Sand Filters for Effluent Polishing

53

Appendix N List of References on Further Treatment Methods

54

Appendix O Typical Layout for Homestead Unit With Septic Tank &
Further Treatment Facilities

55