Ofr2013-1184 Table

Table 1.
Concentration of global production of select mined minerals and the share of production by the top three producing count
[W/O U.S. Prod, without U.S. production; W/U.S. Prod, with U.S. production; %, percent; NA, not applicable]
Three country concentration ratio

Commodity
Antimony
Barite
Bauxite
Beryllium
Bismuth
Boron
Chromium
Cobalt
Copper
W/O U.S. Prod
W/U.S. Prod
Feldspar
Fluorspar
Gold
Graphite
Indium
Iodine
Iron ore
Lead
Lithium
Manganese
Mercury
Mg compounds
Mica
Molybdenum
W/O U.S. Prod
W/U.S. Prod
Nickel
Niobium
Platinum-Group Metals:
Platinum
Palladium
Other PGMs
Phosphate
W/O U.S. Prod
W/U.S. Prod
Potash
Rare earths:
Growth rate %
2004-2009
2007
20 Year
0.95
0.73
0.60
0.15
0.92
0.72
0.74
0.61
0.95
0.76
0.58
0.12
0.91
0.79
0.73
0.58
2.48%
0.54%
2.79%
-3.35%
4.50%
1.29%
1.92%
2.72%
0.49
0.50
0.54
0.77
0.33
0.83
0.82
0.95
0.60
0.64
0.76
0.54
0.91
0.75
0.78
0.49
0.50
0.59
0.78
0.33
0.91
0.82
0.96
0.61
0.64
0.81
0.59
0.92
0.79
0.82
NA
2.87%
6.11%
0.40%
-0.43%
0.71%
7.96%
2.93%
3.67%
0.73%
6.54%
0.87%
-3.62%
2.79%
8.05%
0.60
0.80
0.45
1.00
0.60
0.79
0.46
1.00
NA
2.81%
1.83%
7.32%
0.94
0.87
0.98
0.94
0.87
0.98
1.79%
1.83%
4.90%
0.51
0.62
0.62
1.00
0.56
0.64
0.65
0.99
-0.05%
-1.39%
4.01%
Monazite
Rhenium2
W/O U.S. Prod
W/U.S. Prod
Selenium
Silicon
Silver
Strontium
Sulfur
W/O U.S. Prod
W/U.S. Prod
Tantalum
Tellurium
Tin
Tungsten
Vanadium
Yttrium3
Zinc
Zirconium
1.00
1.00
-6.28%
0.71
0.77
0.74
0.76
0.44
0.93
0.73
0.74
0.75
0.77
0.45
0.97
NA
9.21%
1.07%
4.53%
1.42%
2.59%
0.35
0.38
0.78
0.90
0.82
0.91
0.98
0.99
0.53
0.85
0.36
0.39
0.85
0.89
0.83
0.86
0.98
1.00
0.55
0.81
NA
0.78%
2.66%
3.31%
0.82%
0.84%
2.05%
16.92%
2.27%
1.64%
Prepared by U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center.

Rhenium production data from 1996.
3
Yttrium production data from 1994.
4
Data sources: U.S. Bureau of Mines and U.S. Geological Survey Minerals Yearbook.
1
2
duction by the top three producing countries. 1,4
not applicable]
Growth rate %
1st
Top 3 Producers (Mined, 2007)

2nd
Mined
(% of
Country
total)
5 Year
Country
Mined
(% of
total)
-2.19%
-3.96%
1.95%
0.80%
8.98%
-5.35%
0.10%
2.09%
China
China
Australia
China
China
Turkey
S. Africa
Congo-K
90.6%
56.5%
30.6%
11.5%
56.5%
50.7%
42.1%
35.5%
Bolivia
India
China
Mozambique
Mexico
Argentina
Kazakhstan
Canada
2.2%
12.8%
14.7%
0.7%
19.4%
16.0%
16.1%
12.2%
NA
1.17%
3.13%
0.70%
-4.13%
1.14%
-2.10%
1.47%
5.66%
2.36%
-1.81%
-0.40%
5.22%
3.67%
23.23%
Chile
Chile
Turkey
China
China
China
China
Chile
Brazil
China
Chile
S. Africa
China
China
China
36.1%
36.1%
30.5%
55.8%
11.7%
72.1%
61.3%
58.8%
22.0%
37.9%
43.0%
21.5%
66.7%
69.0%
64.3%
Peru
U.S.
Italy
Mexico
Australia
India
S. Korea
Japan
China
Australia
Australia
Australia
Kyrgyzstan
Russia
Russia
6.6%
7.6%
19.5%
16.3%
10.5%
11.7%
11.3%
35.3%
21.8%
17.2%
26.8%
21.0%
20.8%
5.9%
8.9%
NA
3.51%
-0.84%
7.85%
China
China
Russia
Brazil
31.5%
31.5%
16.8%
92.4%
Chile
U.S.
Canada
Canada
21.2%
26.9%
15.3%
7.0%
-2.70%
-2.13%
-1.84%
S. Africa
Russia
S. Africa
77.0%
43.4%
74.7%
Russia
S. Africa
Russia
12.9%
37.5%
18.2%
1.29%
-9.25%
1.59%
China
China
Canada
China
29.7%
29.7%
31.1%
96.8%
Morocco
Morocco
Russia
India
17.5%
17.5%
20.4%
2.2%
1.60%
India
72.9%
Brazil
17.1%
NA
-0.47%
1.63%
3.03%
1.13%
-4.71%
Chile
Chile
Japan
China
Peru
China
48.2%
48.2%
36.6%
59.4%
16.8%
36.7%
Kazakhstan
U.S.
Germany
Norway
Mexico
Spain
11.6%
15.0%
29.5%
9.1%
15.1%
36.3%
NA
-0.21%
-13.46%
2.92%
-2.56%
0.60%
-1.82%
7.92%
2.29%
2.17%
Canada
U.S.
Australia
Japan
China
China
S. Africa
China
China
Australia
12.9%
13.3%
50.6%
33.1%
42.6%
75.8%
40.5%
98.9%
27.6%
42.6%
China
Canada
Brazil
Peru
Indonesia
Russia
China
India
Australia
S. Africa
12.4%
12.9%
20.6%
28.2%
26.5%
6.1%
32.8%
0.6%
13.8%
28.7%
d, 2007)
3rd
Country
Mined
(% of
total)
Russia
Morocco
Brazil
Madagascar
Peru
Chile
India
Zambia
1.9%
6.4%
12.5%
0.3%
15.3%
12.6%
14.5%
10.5%
China
Peru
China
Mongolia
S. Africa
Brazil
Japan
China
Australia
Peru
China
China
Russia
Turkey
Finland
6.0%
6.6%
9.3%
6.2%
10.5%
7.0%
9.7%
2.2%
17.4%
8.8%
11.7%
16.5%
4.2%
4.0%
6.4%
Peru
Chile
Indonesia
Nigeria
7.9%
21.2%
13.7%
0.3%
Canada
Canada
Canada
3.8%
6.3%
5.0%
Russia
U.S.
Belarus
Brazil
8.3%
16.7%
13.9%
0.5%
Malaysia
9.9%
Peru
Kazakhstan
Belgium
Brazil
China
Mexico
10.5%
11.6%
9.1%
8.3%
13.0%
24.1%
Russia
China
Rwanda
Russia
Peru
Canada
Russia
Brazil
Peru
China
10.3%
12.4%
13.8%
27.4%
14.2%
4.3%
25.0%
0.2%
13.1%
9.9%
Table 2. Concentration of global production of select processed minerals and the share of production by the top three producing c
[W/O U.S. Prod, without U.S. production; W/U.S. Prod, with U.S. production; %, percent; NA, not applicable; APT, ammonium para
Three country concentration ratio

Commodity
Antimony
W/O U.S. Prod
W/U.S. Prod
Aluminum2
Bismuth3
Bromine
Cadmium
Chromium3
Cobalt
Copper4
Gallium
Germanium5
Indium3
Iron (Raw Steel)
W/O U.S. Prod
W/U.S. Prod
Lead6
W/O U.S. Prod
W/U.S. Prod
Magnesium Metal3
Molybdenum7
Nickel8
Chemical
Ferronickel
Metal
Oxide
Unspecified
Platinum-Group Metals9
Potash
Rare Earth's
Rhenium10
Selenium3
Strontium11
Tellurium3
Tin
Titanium3,12
Tungsten13
Vanadium7
2004-2009
2007
0.96
0.97
0.48
0.90
0.71
0.47
0.75
0.50
0.49
0.71
0.82
0.96
0.97
0.45
0.88
0.92
0.47
0.74
0.53
0.5
0.67
0.82
0.50
0.52
0.51
0.52
0.45
0.56
0.92
0.72
0.42
0.54
0.92
0.71
1.30
0.51
0.63
1
0.93
0.62
0.41
0.62
1.00
0.94
0.62
1
0.65
1
0.74
0.75
0.91
0.68
0.76
0.89
0.72
0.77
0.93
0.92
Yttrium
Zinc
0.44
1
0.46
Prepared by U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center. Source: U.S. Geological Survey Minerals Yearbook
Includes primary and secondary aluminum production.
3
U.S. is withheld and not included in total mine production.
4
Includes primary, secondary, and electrowan copper production.
5
Top 2 producers account for over 50% of total production.
6
Includes primary and secondary lead production.
7
Data begins in 2003.
1
2
China and Finland report chemical and "unspecified" together. This accounts for chemical concentration greater than one, and
South Africa and Russia are the top processors. Additional processing occurs in Great Britain, Norway, and the U.S. There is a
8
9
Rhenium production in Chile (plant capacity of 30,000 t/yr), Kazakhstan, Armenia, Germany, and Russia. No capacity/output d
Top three processors are China, Mexico, and Germany. Capacity data may be available in the future.
12
Titanium sponge. Data from U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Commodity Summaries. Data starts in 1994, growth rates are for
10
11
Tungsten
13
Top Processors
China (APT and Ferrotungsten)
Russia (APT)
Vietnam (Ferrotungsten)/Austria
Austria and Vietnam are close in production
re of production by the top three producing countries.

nt; NA, not applicable; APT, ammonium paratungstate]
Growth rate %
20 Year
5 Year
Top 3 Producers (Processed, 2007)

2nd
1st
Country
Processed
(% of total)
Country
Processed
(% of total)
92.9%
92.9%
30.7%
75.6%
38.4%
21.7%
42.4%
24.8%
19.6%
2.0%
NA
61.3%
Bolivia
U.S.
Russia
Mexico
China
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Finland
Chile
Germany
Canada
S. Korea
1.8%
2.2%
7.9%
7.5%
33.0%
10.8%
15.6%
17.2%
16.4%
2.0%
NA
11.3%
3.34%
3.27%
6.58%
-0.16%
0.15%
3.14%
4.00%
2.71%
3.87%
3.55%
2.82%
1.39%
-9.74%
0.59%
0.32%
2.02%
2.08%
1.59%
7.96%
-2.10%
China
China
China
China
Israel
Canada
S. Africa
China
China
China
China
China
2.36%
1.53%
China
China
36.2%
36.2%
Japan
Japan
8.9%
8.9%
1.33%
2.66%
-
1.62%
-0.78%
2.41%
China
China
China
China
33.6%
33.6%
83.2%
46.6%
Germany
U.S.
Russia
Chile/Belgium
4.9%
15.7%
4.9%
21.1%
8.44%
3.08%
2.36%
2.53%
-1.26%
-2.17%
3.82%
1.20%
-1.70%
-2.79%
Russia
Japan
Russia
Japan
Canada
46.7%
17.3%
33.2%
60.2%
85.8%
China
Colombia
China
Cuba
Australia
15.5%
12.5%
15.5%
39.9%
7.9%
-1.39%
-
-9.25%
-
Canada
China
31.1%
100%
Russia
20.4%
1.07%
1.63%
Japan
36.6%
Germany
29.5%
3.31%
1.66%
10.50%
2.92%
-2.56%
11.17%
Japan
China
China
33.1%
43.1%
29.5%
Peru
Indonesia
Japan
28.2%
18.5%
25.4%
-2.32%
S. Africa
56.5%
Russia
35.7%
2.34%
2.05%
China
China
100%
32.8%
Canada
U.S. Geological Survey Minerals Yearbooks (1994 - 2010).
emical concentration greater than one, and the omission of the third largest "unspecified" producer.
eat Britain, Norway, and the U.S. There is also secondary refining in Belgium, Germany, and Japan.
Germany, and Russia. No capacity/output data avialable, other than Chile.

lable in the future.
es. Data starts in 1994, growth rates are for 16 and 5 years.
Capacity in tons per year
161,000 (APT)/9,000 (ferrotungsten)
8,900 (APT)
2,500/3,600 (estimate)
7.0%
cessed, 2007)
3rd
Country
Processed
(% of total)
Argentina
Bolivia
Canada
Belgium
Jordan
China
China
Canada
Japan
Kazakhstan
Finland/Russia
Japan
1.7%
1.8%
6.3%
5.0%
20.5%
10.8%
15.5%
10.5%
8.8%
N/A
NA
9.7%
Russia
U.S.
5.4%
7.3%
Japan
Germany
Israel
Peru
3.3%
4.9%
3.9%
7.9%
Australia
New Caledonia
Australia
Russia
-
13.4%
11.4%
13.4%
0.2%
-
Belarus
13.9%
Belgium
9.1%
Russia
Peru
Russia
27.4%
10.4%
22.4%
Japan
<0.01%
S. Korea
6.1%
Table 3. Global production of refined primary aluminum, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the t
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
World refined
primary
production
19,300
19,700
19,500
19,800
19,200
19,700
20,800
21,700
22,600
23,600
24,300
24,300
26,100
28,000
29,900
31,009
33,900
38,000
39,600
36,900
40,800
U.S. refined
primary
production
4,050
4,121
4,042
3,695
3,299
3,375
3,577
3,603
3,713
3,779
3,668
2,637
2,707
2,703
2,516
2,481
2,284
2,554
2,658
1,727
1,726
Primary Aluminum
1st
Concentration ratio
0.33
0.32
0.30
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.34
0.34
0.35
0.38
0.40
0.44
0.44
0.46
0.48
0.52
0.52
0.54
0.57
Refined primary
production
3,523.00
3,251.00
2,700.00
2,820.00
2,670.00
2,724.00
2,874.00
2,906.00
3,005.00
3,146.00
3,245.00
3,300.00
4,510.00
5,970.00
6,900.00
7,800.00
9,360.00
12,600.00
13,200.00
12,900.00
16,200.00
tries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Primary Aluminum
1st
Country
USSR
USSR
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
2nd
Refined primary
production
1,567.00
1,822.00
1,972.00
2,308.00
2,255.00
2,172.00
2,283.00
2,327.00
2,374.00
2,530.00
2,800.00
3,250.00
3,347.41
3,478.06
3,591.75
3,647.07
3,717.91
3,955.00
4,190.00
3,815.00
3,947.00
3rd
Country
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
China
China
China
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Refined primary
production
1,234.00
1,228.00
1,236.00
1,381.00
1,450.00
1,680.00
1,770.00
1,960.00
2,340.00
2,390.00
2,373.00
2,583.00
2,708.91
2,791.92
2,592.16
2,894.20
3,051.13
3,083.00
3,120.00
3,030.00
2,963.00
Country
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
China
China
China
China
China
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Table 4. Global production of refined secondary aluminum, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio o
Secondary Aluminum
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
World refined
seconday
production
5,300.88
5,223.90
5,901.20
5,918.55
6,386.16
6,899.29
6,921.62
7,513.38
7,477.76
8,426.97
8,783.22
8,149.02
9,203.10
9,413.33
9,774.46
9,795.23
11,775.75
11,997.80
11,123.87
10,001.43
11,386.11
1st
Concentration ratio Refined secondary
production
0.37
0.38
0.34
0.33
0.27
0.29
0.30
0.28
0.30
0.25
0.27
0.30
0.33
0.36
0.35
0.39
0.38
0.41
0.42
0.45
0.51
1,090.00
1,090.00
1,096.00
1,074.00
1,006.00
1,175.00
1,181.00
1,191.00
1,277.00
1,155.00
1,158.00
1,214.00
1,171.00
1,450.00
1,660.00
1,940.00
2,350.00
2,750.00
2,700.00
3,100.00
4,000.00
Country
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
ountries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Secondary Aluminum
2nd
3rd
Refined secondary
production
Country
Refined secondary
production
Country
540.00
540.00
541.60
535.60
408.10
397.90
531.00
442.90
502.60
501.80
657.50
620.30
1,200.00
1,261.00
1,015.00
1,120.85
1,277.80
1,318.88
1,282.92
826.98
1,246.24
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Germany
China
Japan
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
350.00
343.00
353.10
346.10
318.90
412.30
376.60
432.50
453.30
482.70
572.30
574.90
666.10
680.40
703.76
718.29
795.67
857.62
720.90
560.76
611.14
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Table 5. Global production of mined anitmony, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three p
Antimony
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
World mined
production
94.40
92.40
90.10
87.00
118.00
151.00
156.00
154.00
116.00
107.00
126.00
157.00
118.00
116.00
142.00
172.00
173.00
180.00
182.00
154.00
167.00
1st
Concentration ratio
0.72
0.88
0.83
0.84
0.89
0.91
0.91
0.93
0.92
0.92
0.94
0.95
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.94
0.95
0.95
0.95
0.95
Mine production
54.80
58.30
59.00
60.00
91.00
125.00
129.00
131.00
97.40
89.60
110.00
140.00
100.00
100.00
125.00
152.00
153.00
163.00
166.00
140.00
150.00
Country
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
centration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Antimony
2nd
Mine production
8.45
16.00
10.00
7.12
7.05
6.43
6.49
6.00
4.74
5.28
4.50
4.93
5.75
5.29
4.97
5.98
5.46
3.88
3.91
3.50
4.98
3rd
Country
Bolivia
USSR
Russia
Russia
Bolivia
Bolivia
Bolivia
Russia
Bolivia
South Africa
Russia
South Africa
South Africa
South Africa
South Africa
South Africa
Bolivia
Bolivia
Bolivia
Russia
Bolivia
Mine production
4.82
7.29
6.02
5.56
7.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
4.24
4.00
4.10
4.50
3.00
2.59
3.00
5.10
4.36
3.50
3.50
2.99
3.00
Country
South Africa
Bolivia
Bolivia
Bolivia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Bolivia
South Africa
Russia
South Africa
Russia
Tajikistan
Bolivia
Russia
Bolivia
South Africa
Russia
Russia
Bolivia
Russia
Table 6. Global production of refined anitmony, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top th
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
World refined
production
92.27
89.04
102.29
110.87
133.39
153.48
149.55
139.89
97.52
97.53
117.67
157.39
132.24
100.54
134.09
149.56
151.40
158.26
169.06
178.09
194.51
U.S. refined
production
20.40
19.30
12.70
9.62
12.20
10.50
7.78
7.55
7.71
8.22
7.70
5.38
5.35
5.60
3.65
3.03
3.52
3.48
3.18
3.02
3.52
Antimony
1st
Concentration ratio
0.75
0.74
0.83
0.87
0.87
0.91
0.93
0.92
0.88
0.89
0.92
0.96
0.95
0.93
0.96
0.96
0.96
0.96
0.97
0.97
0.98
Refined
production
60.00
61.40
68.10
81.30
101.20
130.00
128.00
120.10
82.00
84.50
106.00
148.00
124.00
90.00
125.00
138.00
140.00
147.00
158.00
168.00
187.00
ncentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Antimony
1st
2nd
Country
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
Refined
production
6.52
3.55
11.00
11.00
9.59
4.78
6.00
4.40
3.84
2.24
1.51
1.99
1.50
1.90
1.97
2.94
2.78
2.86
2.98
2.34
2.20
3rd
Country
France
Bolivia
Kyrgystan
Kyrgystan
Kyrgystan
Kyrgystan
Kyrgystan
Kyrgystan
Bolivia
Bolivia
Kyrgystan
Bolivia
Kyrgystan
Argentina
Argentina
Bolivia
Bolivia
Bolivia
Bolivia
Bolivia
Argentina
Refined
production
2.83
1.28
5.67
4.47
5.88
4.84
4.91
4.14
0.36
0.26
1.29
1.05
0.50
1.31
1.50
2.20
2.21
2.73
2.50
2.30
0.50
Country
Thailand
Mexico
Bolivia
Bolivia
Bolivia
Bolivia
Bolivia
Bolivia
Peru
Peru
Bolivia
Kyrgystan
France
Kyrgystan
Kyrgystan
Argentina
Argentina
Argentina
Argentina
Argentina
France
Table 7. Global production of mined barite, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Barite
Year
World mine
production
1st
Concentration ratio
Mine production
1990
1991
1992
5,770
5,170
4,570
0.50
0.50
0.52
1,750
1,500
1,500
1993
1994
4,570
4,470
0.52
0.51
1,500
1,500
1995
1996
1997
4,870
6,090
6,780
0.52
0.60
0.63
1,800
2,800
3,500
1998
1999
6,460
6,160
0.68
0.68
3,300
3,500
2000
2001
2002
6,560
6,740
6,160
0.71
0.73
0.73
3,500
3,600
3,100
2003
2004
6,730
7,670
0.69
0.69
3,600
3,900
2005
2006
2007
7,870
7,910
7,790
0.73
0.74
0.76
4,200
4,400
4,400
2008
2009
8,570
6,430
0.73
0.73
4,600
3,000
2010
7,850
0.73
4,000
2nd
Country
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
Mine production
633
615
458
548
498
422
470
409
749
360
840
850
916
723
1,100
1,200
950
1,000
1,100
1,200
1,100
3rd
Country
India
India
India
India
India
India
Mexico
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
Mine production
Country
500
450
401
USSR
USSR
Morocco
325
265
Morocco
Morocco
289
370
343
Morocco
India
Morocco
353
329
Morocco
Morocco
344
471
470
Morocco
Morocco
Morocco
325
313
Morocco
Morocco
335
525
500
Morocco
Morocco
Morocco
590
520
Morocco
Morocco
650
Morocco
Table 8. Global production of mined bauxite, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Bauxite
Year
World mine
production
1st
Concentration ratio
2nd
Mine production
Country
Mine production
3rd
Country
Mine production
Country
1990
1991
113,000.00
111,000.00
0.60
0.61
41,391.00
40,510.00
Australia
Australia
15,800.00
15,466.00
Guinea
Guinea
10,900.00
11,552.00
Jamaica
Jamaica
1992
1993
105,000.00
110,000.00
0.62
0.62
39,746.00
41,320.00
Australia
Australia
13,800.00
15,300.00
Guinea
Guinea
11,302.00
11,307.00
Jamaica
Jamaica
1994
1995
1996
106,000.00
112,000.00
117,000.00
0.63
0.66
0.60
41,733.00
42,655.00
43,063.00
Australia
Australia
Australia
13,300.00
15,800.00
15,600.00
Guinea
Guinea
Guinea
11,564.00
15,857.00
11,863.00
Jamaica
Jamaica
Jamaica
1997
1998
122,000.00
123,000.00
0.60
0.59
44,465.00
44,553.00
Australia
Australia
16,359.00
15,570.00
Guinea
Guinea
11,987.00
12,646.00
Jamaica
Jamaica
1999
2000
129,000.00
136,000.00
0.61
0.61
48,416.00
53,802.30
Australia
Australia
15,590.00
15,700.00
Guinea
Guinea
14,372.00
13,866.00
Brazil
Brazil
2001
2002
137,000.00
144,000.00
0.60
0.56
53,799.00
54,135.00
Australia
Australia
15,100.00
13,260.00
Guinea
Brazil
13,032.00
13,120.00
Brazil
Jamaica
2003
2004
153,000.00
164,000.00
0.56
0.58
55,602.00
56,593.00
Australia
Australia
17,363.00
20,950.00
Brazil
Brazil
13,444.00
17,000.00
Jamaica
China
2005
2006
178,000.00
193,000.00
0.58
0.58
59,959.00
61,780.00
Australia
Australia
22,034.00
27,000.00
Brazil
China
22,000.00
22,836.00
China
Brazil
2007
2008
2009
204,000.00
211,000.00
196,000.00
0.58
0.59
0.68
62,398.00
61,389.00
65,231.00
Australia
Australia
Australia
30,000.00
35,000.00
40,000.00
China
China
China
25,460.70
28,097.50
28,060.00
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
2010
209,000.00
0.68
68,414.00
Australia
44,000.00
China
29,000.00
Brazil
Table 9. Global production of mined beryllium, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Year
World mine
production
U.S. mine
production
Beryl (gross weight)

1st
Concentration ratio
Mine production
Country
2nd
Mine production
3rd
Country
Mine production
Country
1990
1991
7.10
6.57
4.55
4.34
0.35
0.33
1.60
1.30
USSR
USSR
0.85
0.85
Brazil
Brazil
0.03
0.03
Argentina
Argentina
1992
1993
6.95
6.07
4.83
4.94
0.29
0.18
1.10
1.00
Russia
Russia
0.80
0.10
Brazil
Kazakhstan
0.10
0.02
Kazakhstan
Namibia
1994
1995
5.44
6.18
4.33
5.04
0.20
0.18
1.00
1.00
Russia
Russia
0.10
0.10
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
0.01
0.03
Madagascar
1996
1997
6.38
6.91
5.26
5.77
0.17
0.16
1.00
1.00
Russia
Russia
0.10
0.10
0.01
0.03
Madagascar
Madagascar
1998
1999
2000
7.22
6.21
5.66
6.08
5.07
4.51
0.16
0.18
0.20
1.00
1.00
1.00
Russia
Russia
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.03
0.02
0.02
Madagascar
Madagascar
Mozambique
2001
2002
3.61
2.53
2.48
1.97
0.31
0.22
1.00
0.50
0.01
0.01
Brazil
Portugal
2003
2004
2.68
2.76
2.10
2.21
0.22
0.20
0.01
0.01
Portugal
Portugal
2005
2006
3.45
4.36
2.78
3.83
2007
2008
4.36
4.94
2009
3.59
Russia
Russia
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Brazil
China
0.10
0.05
0.50
0.50
China
China
0.08
0.05
Mozambique
Mozambique
Mozambique
0.19
0.12
0.50
0.50
China
China
0.15
0.02
Mozambique
Mozambique
0.01
0.01
Madagascar
Madagascar
3.81
4.41
0.12
0.11
0.50
0.50
China
China
0.03
0.01
Mozambique
Madagascar
0.01
0.01
Madagascar
Mozambique
3.03
0.16
0.50
China
0.05
Mozambique
0.01
Madagascar
Table 10. Global production of mined bismuth, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Bismuth
Year
World refined
production1
1st
Concentration ratio
Refined
production
1990
4.19
0.62
1.06
1991
1992
1993
3.82
3.71
4.39
0.67
0.65
0.67
1.26
1.06
1.05
1994
1995
4.18
3.84
0.63
0.66
0.90
0.92
1996
1997
1998
4.18
4.07
4.33
0.64
0.63
0.62
0.96
0.99
1.03
1999
2000
3.57
4.20
0.65
0.61
0.86
1.08
2001
2002
2003
5.80
6.70
8.70
0.71
0.77
0.81
2.00
3.00
5.00
2004
2005
2006
2007
15.00
14.00
15.00
16.00
0.90
0.88
0.92
0.88
11.70
10.60
11.80
12.10
2008
2009
17.00
15.00
0.89
0.93
13.10
12.30
2010
16.00
0.92
13.00
U.S. data is withheld and not included in total world mine production.
2nd
Country
Refined
production
3rd
Country
Refined
production
Country
China
China
China
China
1.00
Belgium
Belgium
Belgium
Belgium
0.55
Peru
0.80
0.80
0.95
0.50
0.55
0.94
Belgium
Mexico
Mexico
0.88
0.80
Peru
China
0.85
0.80
Mexico
Mexico
Peru
China
Belgium
0.94
0.80
0.83
Peru
Belgium
Peru
0.80
0.77
0.82
Belgium
Peru
China
0.75
0.77
Peru
China
Mexico
0.70
0.70
Belgium
Belgium
0.70
1.00
1.00
Belgium
Belgium
Belgium
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
Belgium
Belgium
Belgium
Belgium
0.80
0.80
Belgium
Belgium
0.80
Belgium
Mexico
Mexico
China
Mexico
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
1.39
1.13
1.06
1.06
0.97
1.19
1.20
1.17
0.85
0.85
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Table 11. Global production of mined boron, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Boron
Year
World mine
production1
1st
Concentration ratio
Mine production
1990
1991
1992
2,910.00
2,960.00
2,670.00
0.54
0.50
0.52
1,250.00
1,210.00
1,059.00
1993
1994
2,640.00
3,810.00
0.52
0.62
1,079.00
1,140.00
1995
1996
1997
4,170.00
4,330.00
4,580.00
0.58
0.64
0.65
1,144.00
1,447.00
1,569.00
1998
1999
4,570.00
4,470.00
0.64
0.63
1,650.00
1,500.00
2000
2001
2002
4,550.00
4,730.00
4,560.00
0.64
0.66
0.63
1,402.00
1,493.00
1,342.00
2003
2004
4,750.00
4,960.00
0.61
0.61
1,399.00
1,588.00
2005
2006
2007
4,950.00
3,620.00
4,200.00
0.62
0.78
0.79
1,953.00
1,819.00
2,128.00
2008
2009
4,480.00
3,760.00
0.78
0.77
2,139.00
1,800.00
2010
4,080.00
0.76
2,000.00
2nd
Country
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Mine production
180.00
160.00
203.00
155.00
1,000.00
1,000.00
1,000.00
1,000.00
1,000.00
1,000.00
1,000.00
1,000.00
1,000.00
1,000.00
821.00
633.00
534.00
670.00
786.00
608.00
600.00
3rd
Country
USSR
USSR
Chile
China
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Argentina
Argentina
Argentina
Argentina
Argentina
Chile
Argentina
Mine production
Country
144.00
116.00
125.00
Argentina
Argentina
Argentina
146.00
215.00
Argentina
Argentina
295.00
342.00
423.00
China
Argentina
Argentina
280.00
325.00
Chile
Chile
513.00
634.00
510.00
Argentina
Argentina
Argentina
512.00
594.00
Argentina
Chile
461.00
460.00
528.00
Chile
Chile
Chile
583.00
500.00
Chile
Argentina
504.00
Chile
Table 12. Global production of refined bromine, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Bromine
Year
World refined
production
1st
Concentration ratio
Refined
production
1990
1991
390.00
391.90
0.47
0.48
130.00
135.00
1992
1993
397.00
392.00
0.46
0.48
135.00
135.00
1994
1995
1996
421.00
432.00
483.00
0.48
0.44
0.48
135.00
130.00
160.00
1997
1998
542.00
521.00
0.49
0.50
180.00
185.20
1999
2000
547.00
542.00
0.51
0.52
181.00
210.00
2001
2002
523.00
540.00
0.54
0.52
206.00
206.00
2003
2004
494.00
565.00
0.55
0.56
176.00
202.00
2005
2006
631.00
671.00
0.60
0.56
207.00
179.49
2007
2008
2009
415.00
415.00
378.00
0.92
0.93
0.92
159.40
164.04
127.69
2010
450.00
0.93
185.00
2nd
Country
Israel
Israel
Israel
Israel
Israel
Israel
Israel
Israel
Israel
Israel
Israel
Israel
Israel
Israel
Israel
Israel
Israel
Israel
Israel
Israel
Israel
Refined
production
28.00
29.30
29.90
27.40
33.80
32.70
41.40
50.10
40.00
55.00
42.00
40.00
42.00
75.00
80.00
105.00
124.00
137.00
135.00
140.00
150.00
3rd
Country
UK
UK
UK
UK
UK
UK
China
China
China
UK
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
Refined
production
Country
25.00
24.00
USSR
USSR
16.70
24.60
China
China
China
31.40
26.20
30.60
China
UK
35.60
35.90
UK
UK
42.00
32.00
China
UK
35.00
35.00
UK
UK
20.00
34.00
Japan
Jordan
66.00
69.00
Jordan
Jordan
85.11
85.00
80.00
Jordan
Jordan
Jordan
85.00
Jordan
Table 13. Global production of refined cadmium, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Cadmium
Year
World refined
production
1st
Concentration ratio
Refined
production
2nd
Country
Refined
production
3rd
Country
Refined
production
Country
1990
1991
20.20
20.90
0.36
0.35
2.80
2.89
USSR
Japan
2.45
2.50
Japan
USSR
1.96
1.83
Belgium/Lux.
Canada
1992
1993
19.90
18.40
0.33
0.34
2.99
2.83
Japan
Japan
1.96
1.94
Canada
Canada
1.55
1.57
Belgium/Lux.
Belgium/Lux.
1994
1995
1996
18.20
20.10
18.90
0.35
0.33
0.34
2.63
2.65
2.54
Japan
Japan
Japan
2.17
2.35
2.34
Canada
Canada
Canada
1.56
1.71
1.58
Belgium/Lux.
Belgium/Lux.
Belgium/Lux.
1997
1998
20.30
20.20
0.33
0.32
2.47
2.34
Japan
Japan
2.26
2.13
Belgium/Lux.
Canada
2.06
2.09
Germany
Belgium/Lux.
1999
2000
20.20
20.30
0.33
0.33
2.57
2.47
Japan
Japan
2.15
2.37
Canada
Canada
1.91
1.94
Belgium/Lux.
Belgium/Lux.
2001
2002
19.00
17.80
0.36
0.38
2.51
2.44
Canada
Japan
2.46
2.44
Japan
Canada
1.88
1.83
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
2003
2004
18.40
18.70
0.40
0.40
2.71
2.80
Canada
Canada
2.50
2.36
Japan
Kazakhstan
2.18
2.23
Kazakhstan
Japan
2005
2006
20.20
19.90
0.39
0.47
3.00
3.79
Canada
Canada
2.58
3.32
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
2.30
2.29
Japan
Japan
2007
2008
2009
19.40
22.80
20.80
0.47
0.53
0.54
4.21
6.96
7.00
Canada
Canada
Canada
2.85
3.09
2.50
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
2.10
2.12
1.82
China
Japan
Japan
2010
21.10
0.56
7.20
Canada
2.50
Kazakhstan
2.05
Japan
Table 14. Global production of mined chromite, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three
Chromite, metal content

Year
World mine
production1
1st
Concentration ratio
Mine production
Country
1990
3,960.00
0.72
1,386.00
1991
3,990.00
0.74
1,530.00
1992
3,330.00
0.72
1,008.00
1993
2,790.00
0.72
852.00
1994
3,120.00
0.64
1,092.00
1995
4,200.00
0.65
1,527.00
1996
3,480.00
0.66
1,523.40
1997
4,110.00
0.68
1,848.60
1998
4,020.00
0.70
1,944.00
1999
4,260.00
0.75
2,045.12
2000
4,410.00
0.76
1,986.60
2001
3,660.00
0.76
1,650.60
2002
4,380.00
0.79
1,930.72
2003
4,650.00
0.81
2,221.62
2004
5,370.00
0.78
2,303.10
2005
5,760.00
0.75
2,265.60
2006
5,910.00
0.73
2,225.50
2007
6,870.00
0.73
2,894.09
2008
7,230.00
0.71
2,904.79
2009
5,790.00
0.72
2,059.66
1
U.S. data is withheld and not included in total world mine production afer 1997.
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
hromite, metal content

2nd
Mine production
1,140.00
1,140.00
1,050.00
870.00
630.00
726.00
408.96
539.49
480.81
721.68
781.98
613.71
809.57
878.34
986.13
1,074.37
1,080.12
1,106.16
1,170.00
1,128.00
3rd
Country
USSR
USSR
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
India
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
India
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
India
Kazakhstan
India
India
Mine production
315.00
282.00
324.00
300.00
272.70
462.00
357.00
408.91
393.39
441.83
584.07
503.38
710.82
663.00
884.68
976.55
1,009.82
996.00
1,088.70
999.96
Country
India
India
India
India
India
India
Kazakhstan
India
India
India
India
India
Kazakhstan
India
India
India
Kazakhstan
India
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Table 15. Global production of refined ferrochromium, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of th
Ferrochromium, metal content

Year
World refined
production1
1st
Concentration ratio
Refined
production
1990
1,885.00
0.55
510.00
1991
1,940.00
0.57
575.00
1992
1,810.00
0.44
385.50
1993
1,635.00
0.47
417.00
1994
1,850.00
0.50
550.00
1995
2,355.00
0.54
760.00
1996
1,975.00
0.57
739.00
1997
2,415.00
0.63
969.75
1998
2,375.00
0.63
1,012.65
1999
2,500.00
0.66
1,077.60
2000
2,875.00
0.67
1,287.00
2001
2,340.00
0.69
1,070.50
2002
2,525.00
0.70
1,175.56
2003
3,035.00
0.71
1,406.50
2004
3,295.00
0.86
1,982.50
2005
3,445.00
0.70
1,406.00
2006
3,670.00
0.71
1,515.00
2007
4,185.00
0.74
1,776.00
2008
4,030.00
0.74
1,634.50
2009
3,500.00
0.78
1,400.00
1
U.S. data is withheld and not included in total world refined production afer 1997.
Country
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
chromium, metal content

2nd
Refined
production
350.00
350.00
200.00
164.00
186.50
256.00
176.00
300.00
267.50
365.78
399.88
380.95
417.90
496.50
540.50
578.08
600.00
653.77
750.00
775.00
3rd
Country
USSR
USSR
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
China
China
Refined
production
170.00
190.00
205.00
186.00
185.00
250.00
211.50
240.00
212.00
200.00
225.00
155.00
165.00
250.00
320.00
425.00
500.00
650.00
610.16
550.00
Country
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Table 16. Global production of mined cobalt, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Cobalt Production
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
World mine
production
42.30
33.30
28.00
21.90
18.00
24.50
26.20
27.40
35.30
32.70
37.90
44.80
52.20
52.90
60.30
65.20
68.90
71.50
76.30
72.30
1st
Concentration ratio
0.74
0.68
0.63
0.61
0.60
0.60
0.61
0.56
0.60
0.55
0.58
0.44
0.60
0.61
0.59
0.60
0.60
0.58
0.63
0.66
Mine production
19.00
9.90
6.91
5.11
4.27
5.34
6.96
6.04
11.90
7.00
11.00
8.00
14.60
14.80
20.20
24.50
27.10
25.40
32.30
35.50
2nd
Country
Zaire
Zaire
Zambia
Canada
Canada
Canada
Zambia
Zambia
Zambia
Congo-K
Congo-K
Zambia
Congo-K
Congo-K
Congo-K
Congo-K
Congo-K
Congo-K
Congo-K
Congo-K
Mine production
7.00
6.99
5.70
4.84
3.60
5.91
5.71
5.71
5.86
5.32
5.60
6.30
10.00
11.30
10.00
9.30
8.00
8.69
8.95
6.10
Country
Zambia
Zambia
Zaire
Zambia
Zambia
Zambia
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Australia
Australia
Zambia
Zambia
Zambia
Zambia
Zambia
Canada
Canada
Russia
producing countries (thousand metric tons).
3rd
Mine production
5.50
5.80
5.10
3.50
3.00
3.50
3.30
3.50
3.30
5.64
5.30
5.33
6.80
6.00
5.60
5.60
6.00
7.50
6.90
6.00
Country
USSR
USSR
Canada
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Congo-K
Australia
Zambia
Canada
Canada
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Zambia
Zambia
China
Table 17. Global production of refined cobalt, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric t
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
World refined
production
27.30
25.20
21.50
16.60
20.00
23.30
25.60
27.10
31.40
33.10
36.00
38.70
40.80
43.20
48.50
54.10
53.80
53.30
57.20
59.80
Cobalt
1st
Concentration ratio
0.77
0.73
0.65
0.61
0.52
0.48
0.51
0.50
0.46
0.47
0.46
0.46
0.35
0.45
0.36
0.40
0.49
0.53
0.59
0.62
Refined
production
9.95
8.11
5.05
3.71
4.34
3.58
4.61
5.00
5.25
6.20
7.70
8.10
1.47
7.99
4.58
8.00
12.70
13.20
18.20
23.10
2nd
Country
Zaire
Zaire
Zaire
Zambia
Russia
Zambia
Zambia
Finland
Finland
Finland
Finland
Finland
China
Finland
China
China
China
China
China
China
Refined
production
6.30
5.50
4.80
3.70
3.00
3.26
4.20
4.40
4.84
5.18
4.40
5.00
8.24
6.62
7.89
8.17
8.58
9.17
9.65
8.96
Country
USSR
USSR
Zambia
Russia
Finland
Canada
Russia
Zambia
Zambia
Congo-K
Russia
Russia
Finland
Zambia
Finland
Finland
Finland
Finland
Finland
Finland
ountries (thousand metric tons).
3rd
Refined
production
4.67
4.74
4.10
2.70
2.97
4.45
4.16
4.10
4.42
4.30
4.36
4.66
4.63
4.90
5.14
5.42
5.20
5.62
5.64
4.92
Country
Zambia
Zambia
Russia
Canada
Canada
Russia
Finland
Russia
Canada
Russia
Canada
Zambia
Canada
Russia
Canada
Zambia
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Table 18. Global production of mined copper, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric t
Copper Mine
1st
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
World mine
production
9,035.50
9,090.00
9,490.00
9,420.00
9,490.00
10,100.00
11,000.00
11,400.00
12,100.00
12,800.00
13,300.00
13,700.00
13,600.00
13,800.00
14,700.00
15,000.00
15,100.00
15,400.00
15,400.00
15,900.00
16,000.00
U.S. mine
production
1,587.70
1,630.00
1,762.00
1,813.00
1,820.00
1,850.00
1,920.00
1,940.00
1,860.00
1,600.00
1,440.00
1,340.00
1,140.00
1,120.00
1,160.00
1,140.00
1,200.00
1,170.00
1,310.00
1,180.00
1,110.00
Concentration ratio
0.40
0.41
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.37
0.40
0.40
0.43
0.46
0.48
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.50
0.49
0.48
0.49
0.49
0.47
0.48
Mine production
1,588.00
1,814.00
1,932.70
2,055.00
2,220.00
2,489.00
3,116.00
3,392.00
3,687.00
4,391.00
4,602.00
4,739.00
4,581.00
4,904.20
5,412.50
5,320.50
5,360.80
5,557.00
5,327.60
5,394.00
5,419.00
2nd
Country
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Mine production
1,200.00
1,100.00
768.00
731.00
617.00
726.00
688.40
656.80
781.00
766.00
1,012.00
1,081.00
1,171.73
1,005.83
1,035.57
1,065.00
1,048.47
1,018.16
1,107.79
1,113.45
1,160.00
roducing countries (thousand metric tons).
2nd
3rd
Country
Mine production
Country
USSR
USSR
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Peru
Indonesia
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
China
794.00
810.00
699.00
584.00
573.00
525.00
547.00
558.00
706.00
739.00
829.00
871.00
867.80
862.58
854.10
1,009.90
873.00
928.00
1,070.00
1,040.00
1,094.16
Canada
Canada
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Australia
Australia
Canada
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Peru
Australia
Peru
China
China
China
China
Peru
Table 19. Global production of refined primary copper, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thou
[--, data not available]
Primary Copper
1st
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
World refined
U.S. refined
primary production primary production
8,587.40
8,471.50
8,796.40
8,992.07
8,682.40
8,874.39
10,700.00
11,400.00
12,150.00
12,710.00
12,930.00
13,900.00
11,200.00
10,800.00
11,100.00
11,800.00
11,900.00
12,200.00
12,400.00
12,300.00
12,300.00
1,180.00
1,140.00
1,210.00
1,300.00
1,350.00
1,390.00
1,430.00
1,480.00
1,530.00
1,300.00
1,030.00
1,000.00
841.00
662.00
671.00
654.00
675.00
764.00
713.00
636.00
--
Concentration
ratio
0.43
0.43
0.31
0.32
0.30
0.32
0.28
0.28
0.27
0.26
0.28
0.28
0.34
0.36
0.36
0.37
0.38
0.40
0.42
0.42
0.45
Refined primary
production
1,350.00
1,250.00
1,242.00
1,268.00
1,076.40
1,119.00
1,140.50
1,235.60
1,226.90
1,304.30
1,295.70
1,344.00
1,300.00
1,430.00
1,590.00
1,865.00
2,000.00
2,400.00
2,700.00
2,750.00
2,950.00
Country
USSR
USSR
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Japan
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
ation ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
mary Copper
2nd
Refined primary
production
1,190.00
1,230.00
967.70
1,099.00
1,026.00
1,081.00
1,112.50
1,157.30
1,149.27
1,215.25
1,292.35
1,287.17
1,248.10
1,251.73
1,200.40
1,239.40
1,409.09
1,367.31
1,366.31
1,297.94
1,382.66
3rd
Country
Chile
Chile
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Chile
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Chile
Japan
Chile
Chile
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Refined primary
production
1,180.00
1,140.00
525.00
522.00
502.20
612.00
692.00
801.00
870.00
836.00
1,023.80
1,218.00
1,211.11
1,248.80
1,188.49
1,239.40
1,119.50
1,105.00
1,087.00
1,159.00
1,155.00
Country
Japan
Japan
Russia
Russia
Canada
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
Japan
Chile
Japan
Japan
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Table 20. Global production of refined secondary copper, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (t
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
World refined
secondary
production
1,740.00
1,710.00
1,830.00
1,750.00
1,670.00
1,970.00
1,980.00
2,090.00
1,990.00
1,920.00
1,960.00
1,760.00
1,730.00
1,780.00
2,080.00
2,140.00
2,560.00
2,770.00
2,780.00
2,880.00
2,900.00
U.S. refined
secondary
production
441.00
418.00
433.00
460.00
392.00
352.00
345.00
396.00
349.00
230.00
208.00
172.00
69.90
53.30
50.80
47.20
44.80
46.00
53.80
46.40
--
Secondary Copper
1st
Concentration
ratio
0.32
0.35
0.38
0.41
0.45
0.51
0.48
0.45
0.47
0.51
0.53
0.50
0.54
0.54
0.59
0.63
0.65
0.67
0.66
0.70
0.80
Refined
secondary
production
272.00
318.30
345.40
361.50
339.00
467.00
428.00
379.00
421.00
454.00
464.40
341.40
368.79
430.00
620.00
750.00
1,000.00
1,200.00
1,200.00
1,400.00
1,700.00
Country
W. Germany
W. Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
China
China
China
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
centration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Table 21. Global production of refined electrowon copper, the three leading prod
[--, data not available; NA, not applicable]
ondary Copper
2nd
Refined
secondary
production
160.00
160.00
229.00
245.00
254.00
369.00
355.00
375.80
341.00
338.00
347.00
300.00
350.00
310.93
368.96
344.40
350.00
363.82
389.30
378.70
378.70
3rd
Country
China
China
China
China
China
Germany
Germany
Germany
China
China
China
China
China
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Refined
secondary
production
130.00
120.00
114.70
103.00
160.00
160.00
163.00
183.00
183.00
187.00
220.00
244.50
216.00
215.00
237.00
249.00
312.00
289.00
250.00
250.00
250.00
Country
Year
USSR
USSR
Japan
Belgium/Lux.
Belgium/Lux.
Belgium/Lux.
Belgium/Lux.
Belgium/Lux.
Belgium/Lux.
Belgium/Lux.
Russia
Russia
Belgium/Lux.
Belgium/Lux.
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
World refined
electrowon
production
472.60
518.50
573.60
586.93
806.60
1,048.61
1,410.00
1,700.70
2,050.00
2,310.00
2,330.00
2,600.00
2,670.00
2,720.00
2,710.00
2,690.00
2,830.00
2,980.00
3,080.00
3,250.00
3,300.00
U.S. refined
electrowon
production
393.00
441.00
502.00
491.00
493.00
539.00
574.00
586.00
609.00
586.00
566.00
628.00
601.00
591.00
584.00
554.00
530.00
504.00
507.00
476.00
500.00
won copper, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Electrowon Copper
1st
Concentration ratio
0.17
0.15
0.12
0.16
0.36
0.45
0.55
0.61
0.63
0.67
0.67
0.67
0.69
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.72
0.74
0.75
0.75
0.73
Refined
electrowon
production
52.70
45.40
43.70
48.85
201.00
372.50
635.70
881.00
1,108.00
1,362.10
1,372.60
1,538.20
1,602.00
1,653.10
1,636.30
1,584.60
1,692.00
1,832.00
1,971.00
2,118.00
2,089.00
Country
Zambia
Zambia
Zambia
Zambia
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
2nd
Refined
electrowon
production
26.90
32.10
27.90
24.08
67.30
62.00
88.20
99.70
101.84
114.43
127.31
131.14
156.47
171.20
167.00
155.00
178.00
200.00
175.00
145.00
160.00
3rd
Country
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Zambia
Zambia
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Zambia
Zambia
Zambia
Zambia
Zambia
Refined
electrowon
production
---20.30
25.80
38.92
58.00
63.70
80.71
60.20
55.60
79.00
96.00
109.00
124.00
165.53
173.87
172.12
160.08
162.80
153.02
Country
NA
NA
NA
Peru
Mexico
Mexico
Zambia
Zambia
Zambia
Zambia
Mexico
Zambia
Australia
Zambia
Zambia
Zambia
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Table 22. Global production of mined feldspar, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Feldspar
Year
World mine
production
1st
Concentration ratio
Mine production
1990
1991
5,990.00
5,670.00
0.40
0.40
1,610.00
1,300.00
1992
1993
5,990.00
6,170.00
0.40
0.41
1,387.97
1,534.21
1994
1995
1996
6,490.00
7,910.00
8,290.00
0.44
0.46
0.47
1,806.94
2,199.00
2,310.00
1997
1998
8,650.00
9,330.00
0.45
0.49
2,300.00
2,748.00
1999
2000
9,980.00
9,540.00
0.47
0.45
2,700.00
2,500.00
2001
2002
11,800.00
14,100.00
0.38
0.46
2,600.00
3,159.00
2003
2004
13,600.00
15,100.00
0.43
0.47
2,343.72
3,251.26
2005
2006
16,800.00
20,600.00
0.49
0.57
3,995.23
4,019.50
2007
2008
2009
21,500.00
22,700.00
19,600.00
0.59
0.59
0.56
4,200.00
4,727.00
4,700.00
2010
20,600.00
0.57
4,700.00
2nd
Country
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Mine production
420.00
703.00
559.81
600.84
554.23
760.25
910.81
1,011.54
1,089.48
1,369.66
1,147.72
1,200.00
1,766.39
1,862.31
1,983.34
2,331.97
5,771.89
6,548.80
6,767.50
4,212.55
5,000.00
3rd
Country
France
Thailand
Thailand
Thailand
Thailand
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Mine production
Country
338.00
250.00
W. Germany
USSR
464.74
366.00
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
502.61
670.18
684.98
Thailand
Thailand
611.79
706.00
Thailand
France
638.00
642.00
France
France
650.00
1,600.00
France
China
1,700.00
1,800.00
China
China
1,850.00
1,950.00
China
China
2,000.00
2,000.00
2,000.00
China
China
China
2,000.00
China
Table 23. Global production of mined fluorspar, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Fluorspar
Year
World mine
production
1st
Concentration ratio
Mine production
1990
1991
1992
5,120.00
4,300.00
4,120.00
0.58
0.59
0.62
1,700.00
1,700.00
1,900.00
1993
1994
4,180.00
3,750.00
0.66
0.64
2,100.00
2,000.00
1995
1996
1997
4,040.00
4,180.00
4,180.00
0.69
0.70
0.74
2,000.00
2,150.00
2,300.00
1998
1999
4,430.00
4,300.00
0.72
0.74
2,350.00
2,400.00
2000
2001
2002
4,450.00
4,590.00
4,450.00
0.74
0.73
0.74
2,450.00
2,450.00
2,450.00
2003
2004
4,850.00
5,220.00
0.96
0.75
3,650.00
2,700.00
2005
2006
2007
5,360.00
5,660.00
5,730.00
0.75
0.77
0.78
2,800.00
3,100.00
3,200.00
2008
2009
6,000.00
5,550.00
0.77
0.79
3,250.00
2,900.00
2010
6,010.00
0.80
3,300.00
2nd
Country
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
Mine production
634.00
475.00
384.00
356.00
235.00
522.00
523.97
552.84
598.04
557.11
635.23
619.47
622.48
756.26
842.70
875.45
936.00
933.00
1,057.65
1,050.00
1,070.00
3rd
Country
Mexico
Mongolia
Mongolia
Mongolia
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mine production
Country
614.00
370.00
287.00
Mongolia
Mexico
Mexico
283.00
174.26
Mexico
S. Africa
250.00
250.00
250.00
Russia
Russia
Russia
237.00
217.28
S. Africa
S. Africa
212.36
286.00
227.00
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
235.00
354.90
S. Africa
Mongolia
367.50
347.70
354.90
Mongolia
Mongolia
Mongolia
334.80
459.50
Mongolia
Mongolia
420.00
Mongolia
Table 24. Global production of refined primary gallium, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Gallium
Year
World refined
primary
production
1st
Concentration ratio
Refined primary
production
1990
1991
0.037
0.043
0.78
0.67
0.015
0.015
1992
1993
1994
0.041
0.051
0.053
0.68
0.67
0.75
0.013
0.015
0.018
1995
1996
0.062
0.054
0.70
0.78
0.020
0.025
1997
1998
1999
0.075
0.093
0.075
0.75
0.79
0.75
0.025
0.030
0.026
2000
2001
0.093
0.075
0.73
0.69
0.035
0.020
2002
2003
2004
0.067
0.071
0.063
0.67
0.63
0.83
0.020
0.015
0.023
2005
2006
0.073
0.079
0.65
0.64
0.022
0.026
2007
2008
2009
0.095
0.111
0.079
0.67
0.75
0.73
0.033
0.040
0.021
2010
0.182
0.79
0.093
2nd
Country
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Germany
Kazakhstan
Germany
Germany
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
Refined primary
production
0.008
0.007
0.010
0.010
0.012
3rd
Country
Germany
China
Germany
Russia
Refined primary
production
Country
0.006
0.007
Japan
Germany
Japan
Germany
Germany
0.006
0.009
0.010
0.013
0.009
Russia
Germany
0.010
0.008
Germany
Russia
0.018
0.029
0.021
Kazakhstan
Germany
0.013
0.015
0.009
Russia
Russia
Russia
0.019
0.020
Kazakhstan
Germany
Germany
0.014
0.012
Japan
Kazakhstan
0.010
0.015
0.010
Russia
Kazakhstan
Ukraine
0.010
0.010
Ukraine
Ukraine
Germany
Germany
0.015
0.019
0.019
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Germany
0.019
Kazakhstan
0.015
0.015
0.019
0.015
0.015
China
China
0.015
0.025
0.018
China
0.032
Kazakhstan
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Russia
Table 25. Global production of refined primary germanium, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries
(thousand metric tons).
Year
World refined
production
Germanium
2nd
1st
Refined
production
1
2005
2006
0.09
0.09
2007
2008
0.10
0.14
2009
2010
0.12
0.12
Country
Country
Canada
China
Canada
China
China
China
Canada
Canada
China
China
Top two producers account for more than 50 percent of total production.
3rd
Refined
production
1
1
Canada
Canada
Refined
production
Country
Finland/Russia
Finland/Russia
Finland/Russia
Finland/Russia
Finland/Russia
Finland/Russia
Table 26. Global production of mined gold, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Gold
Year
World mine
production
1st
Concentration ratio
Mine production
1990
1991
2.18
2.19
0.53
0.50
0.61
0.60
1992
1993
2.29
2.28
0.44
0.45
0.61
0.62
1994
1995
1996
2.27
2.23
2.29
0.43
0.42
0.42
0.58
0.52
0.50
1997
1998
2.45
2.50
0.40
0.38
0.49
0.47
1999
2000
2.57
2.57
0.36
0.35
0.45
0.43
2001
2002
2.56
2.53
0.34
0.34
0.39
0.40
2003
2004
2.54
2.42
0.34
0.34
0.37
0.34
2005
2006
2.47
2.37
0.32
0.32
0.29
0.27
2007
2008
2009
2.36
2.29
2.00
0.33
0.31
0.37
0.28
0.29
0.32
2010
2.56
0.31
0.35
2nd
Country
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
China
China
China
China
Mine production
0.30
0.26
3rd
Country
USSR
0.24
0.25
USSR
Australia
Australia
0.26
0.25
0.29
Australia
Australia
0.31
0.31
0.30
0.30
0.29
0.27
0.28
0.26
0.26
0.25
0.25
0.22
0.22
0.26
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
S. Africa
Australia
Australia
Australia
Mine production
Country
0.24
0.23
Australia
Australia
0.15
0.15
Canada
Russia
Canada
0.15
0.15
0.17
Canada
Canada
0.18
0.18
China
China
0.17
0.18
China
China
0.19
0.19
China
China
0.21
0.22
China
China
China
0.23
0.25
China
0.25
0.21
0.20
Australia
S. Africa
S. Africa
0.19
S. Africa
Table 27. Global production of mined graphite, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Graphite, gross weight

Year
World mine
production
1st
Concentration ratio
Mine production
1990
1991
1992
946.00
771.00
670.00
0.67
0.57
0.63
455.00
289.00
300.00
1993
1994
648.00
517.00
0.67
0.61
310.00
183.00
1995
1996
1997
584.00
555.00
685.00
0.64
0.61
0.66
204.00
185.00
310.00
1998
1999
651.00
692.00
0.66
0.72
224.00
300.00
2000
2001
2002
846.00
816.00
932.00
0.76
0.81
0.88
430.00
450.00
629.00
2003
2004
999.00
1,010.00
0.89
0.89
710.00
700.00
2005
2006
2007
1,030.00
1,020.00
1,110.00
0.90
0.90
0.91
720.00
720.00
800.00
2008
2009
1,120.00
1,090.00
0.77
0.60
650.00
450.00
2010
1,200.00
0.85
800.00
2nd
Country
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
Mine production
99.00
75.20
73.00
82.40
93.60
129.37
115.23
102.14
143.33
145.00
140.00
140.00
130.00
110.00
120.00
130.00
120.00
130.00
140.00
130.00
140.00
3rd
Country
S. Korea
S. Korea
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
Mine production
Country
80.00
75.00
50.00
USSR
USSR
Ukraine
40.00
38.00
Ukraine
N. Korea
40.00
40.00
40.00
N. Korea
N. Korea
N. Korea
61.37
53.50
Brazil
Brazil
71.21
70.09
60.92
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
70.74
76.33
Brazil
Brazil
75.52
76.19
77.16
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
77.20
77.20
Brazil
Brazil
77.20
Brazil
Table 28. Global production of refined indium, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Indium
Year
World refined
production1
1st
Concentration ratio
Refined
production
Country
3rd
Country
Refined
production
Country
1990
1991
0.118
0.140
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
1992
1993
0.140
0.140
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
1994
1995
1996
0.145
0.239
0.200
----
----
----
----
----
----
----
1997
1998
0.230
0.230
---
---
---
---
0.245
0.450
0.51
0.71
0.043
0.200
--Canada
---
1999
2000
--France
2001
2002
0.439
0.406
0.71
0.65
0.190
0.160
2003
2004
0.371
0.392
0.81
0.82
2005
2006
0.607
0.636
2007
2008
2009
2010
China
China
0.042
0.065
China
0.065
0.060
0.180
0.200
China
China
0.070
0.070
0.81
0.81
0.370
0.400
China
China
0.070
0.060
0.620
0.601
0.546
0.82
0.80
0.87
0.380
0.340
0.340
0.070
0.075
0.070
0.609
0.77
0.330
China
China
China
China
U.S. data is withheld and was not included in total world refined production.
2nd
Refined
production
0.070
France
France
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
S. Korea
S. Korea
S. Korea
S. Korea
S. Korea
0.040
0.055
China
Japan
0.055
0.045
Japan
Canada
0.050
0.050
Canada
Canada
0.050
0.055
S. Korea
Japan
0.060
0.065
0.067
Japan
Japan
Japan
0.069
Japan
Table 29. Global production of mined iodine, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Crude Iodine
Year
World mine
production1
1st
Concentration ratio
Mine production
2nd
Country
Mine production
3rd
Country
Mine production
Country
1990
16.00
0.84
7.58
Japan
3.98
Chile
1.90
USSR
1991
1992
17.30
16.50
0.85
0.80
7.49
6.76
Japan
Japan
5.45
5.84
Chile
Chile
1.80
0.60
USSR
Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan
1993
1994
1995
16.10
14.30
13.40
0.80
0.82
0.85
6.49
5.64
5.49
Japan
Chile
5.96
5.59
5.44
Chile
Japan
0.50
0.50
0.50
China
China
1996
1997
14.10
15.70
0.86
0.87
6.18
7.15
0.50
0.50
China
China
1998
1999
18.60
18.40
0.88
0.87
0.50
0.50
China
China
2000
2001
19.50
20.70
0.50
0.50
China
China
2002
2003
Japan
Japan
Chile
Chile
China
Chile
5.51
6.04
9.72
9.32
Chile
Chile
6.14
6.15
0.88
0.89
10.47
11.36
Chile
Chile
6.16
6.64
Japan
Japan
Japan
21.00
24.60
0.89
0.92
11.65
15.58
Chile
Chile
6.55
6.52
Japan
Japan
0.50
0.50
China
China
2004
2005
24.80
26.50
0.92
0.91
14.93
15.35
Chile
Chile
7.26
8.10
Japan
Japan
0.55
0.55
China
China
2006
2007
26.70
26.30
0.97
0.96
16.49
15.47
Chile
Chile
8.72
9.28
Japan
Japan
0.56
0.57
China
China
2008
2009
2010
26.50
28.50
28.70
0.97
0.97
0.97
15.50
17.40
17.50
Chile
Chile
Chile
9.50
9.60
9.70
Japan
Japan
0.57
0.58
0.59
China
China
China
U.S. data is withheld and was not included in total world mine production from 2006 to 2010.
Japan
Japan
Japan
Table 30. Global production of mined iron ore, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric
Iron ore, metal content
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
World mine
production
540,000.00
518,000.00
498,000.00
510,000.00
514,935.00
544,363.00
543,358.00
572,163.00
573,308.19
555,075.11
604,306.00
583,019.00
617,000.00
675,000.00
750,000.00
843,000.00
969,000.00
1,070,000.00
1,130,000.00
1,110,000.00
--
1st
Concentration ratio
0.56
0.54
0.45
0.49
0.50
0.51
0.52
0.53
0.53
0.54
0.53
0.55
0.54
0.55
0.57
0.58
0.57
0.61
0.63
0.64
--
Mine production
132,000.00
110,000.00
96,100.00
105,000.00
103,237.00
112,793.00
112,000.00
122,184.00
124,210.00
124,000.00
141,106.00
133,713.00
142,468.00
153,190.00
173,752.00
186,891.00
198,000.00
235,504.00
270,000.00
280,000.00
--
2nd
Country
USSR
USSR
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
China
Brazil
China
China
China
Mine production
99,900.00
99,900.00
69,800.00
74,800.00
80,900.00
88,653.00
93,000.00
97,901.00
99,418.89
95,223.00
104,226.00
112,592.00
116,341.00
132,257.00
145,282.00
163,000.00
186,891.00
233,000.00
233,514.00
228,000.00
271,000.00
of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
ontent
2nd
3rd
Country
Brazil
Brazil
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Brazil
China
Brazil
Australia
Australia
Mine production
69,800.00
69,700.00
59,300.00
70,400.00
72,050.00
75,000.00
75,000.00
80,400.00
81,200.00
78,200.00
73,500.00
72,600.00
76,200.00
86,000.00
105,000.00
138,000.00
171,000.00
186,000.00
208,000.00
206,100.00
206,100.00
Country
Australia
Australia
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
Australia
Australia
Australia
Brazil
Brazil
Table 31. Global production of raw steel, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric t
Raw Steel
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
World raw
production
771,000.00
737,000.00
724,000.00
730,000.00
730,000.00
752,000.00
751,000.00
797,000.00
770,000.00
784,000.00
850,000.00
852,000.00
907,000.00
974,000.00
1,060,000.00
1,140,000.00
1,250,000.00
1,350,000.00
1,330,000.00
1,230,000.00
1,410,000.00
U.S. raw
production
89,726.00
79,738.00
84,322.00
88,800.00
91,200.00
95,200.00
95,500.00
98,500.00
98,600.00
97,400.00
102,000.00
90,100.00
91,600.00
93,700.00
99,700.00
94,900.00
98,200.00
98,100.00
91,900.00
59,400.00
80,500.00
1st
Concentration ratio
0.43
0.42
0.34
0.34
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.34
0.35
0.37
0.39
0.41
0.43
0.47
0.48
0.51
0.52
0.58
0.53
Raw production
154,414.00
132,666.00
98,131.00
99,623.00
98,295.00
101,640.00
101,241.00
108,940.00
115,590.00
124,260.00
128,500.00
151,630.00
182,370.00
222,340.00
272,450.00
353,240.00
419,150.00
489,290.00
500,490.00
572,180.00
637,230.00
Country
USSR
USSR
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
e top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Raw Steel
2nd
Raw production
110,339.00
109,649.00
80,000.00
89,560.00
92,610.00
95,360.00
98,801.00
104,545.00
93,548.00
94,192.00
106,444.00
102,866.00
107,745.00
110,510.52
112,717.66
112,471.37
116,266.00
120,203.00
118,739.00
87,500.00
109,599.00
3rd
Country
Japan
Japan
China
China
China
China
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Raw production
66,100.00
70,570.00
67,000.00
58,346.00
48,812.00
51,300.00
49,193.00
48,499.00
44,046.00
51,524.00
59,098.00
59,030.00
59,776.60
62,710.00
65,645.60
66,186.20
70,816.00
72,389.00
68,700.00
59,166.00
--
Country
China
China
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Germany
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Table 32. Global production of mined lead, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric ton
Lead
1st
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
World mine
production
3,370.00
3,260.00
3,200.00
2,900.00
2,800.00
2,710.00
2,920.00
3,100.00
3,060.00
3,080.00
3,200.00
3,120.00
2,850.00
3,200.00
3,150.00
3,470.00
3,630.00
3,720.00
3,880.00
3,900.00
4,140.00
U.S. mine
production
497.00
477.00
407.00
362.00
370.00
394.00
436.00
459.00
493.00
520.00
465.00
466.00
451.00
460.00
445.00
437.00
429.00
444.00
410.00
406.00
369.00
Concentration ratio
0.39
0.40
0.39
0.37
0.44
0.45
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.49
0.52
0.54
0.58
0.61
0.63
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.63
0.66
Mine production
570.00
579.00
577.00
519.00
537.00
520.00
643.00
712.00
618.00
681.00
739.00
714.00
694.00
955.00
998.00
1,140.00
1,330.00
1,410.00
1,500.00
1,600.00
1,850.00
Country
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
China
China
China
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Lead
2nd
Mine production
420.00
380.00
344.00
338.00
462.00
455.00
522.00
531.00
580.00
549.00
660.00
676.00
641.00
688.00
674.00
767.00
686.00
641.00
645.00
566.00
625.00
3rd
Country
USSR
USSR
Canada
China
China
Australia
Australia
Australia
China
China
China
China
China
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Mine production
315.00
352.00
330.00
217.00
233.50
237.60
248.80
258.20
257.71
271.78
270.58
289.55
305.65
308.87
306.21
319.35
313.33
329.15
345.11
302.46
261.90
Country
China
China
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Table 33. Global production of refined primary lead, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousa
Primary Lead
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
World refined
primary
production
3,090.00
3,080.00
2,950.00
3,050.00
3,012.00
2,909.00
2,870.00
3,044.00
3,105.00
3,317.00
3,590.00
3,403.00
3,428.00
3,387.00
3,327.00
3,713.00
3,896.00
3,882.00
4,176.00
4,024.00
4,402.00
U.S. refined
primary
production
404.00
346.00
305.00
335.00
351.00
374.00
326.00
343.00
337.00
350.00
341.00
290.00
262.00
245.00
148.00
143.00
153.00
123.00
135.00
103.00
115.00
1st
Concentration ratio
0.29
0.29
0.26
0.26
0.27
0.28
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.38
0.40
0.43
0.46
0.52
0.57
0.61
0.64
0.65
0.67
0.72
0.73
Refined primary
production
420.00
380.00
325.00
372.00
408.00
432.00
562.00
584.00
665.00
821.00
998.00
984.00
1,100.00
1,290.00
1,500.00
1,850.00
2,130.00
2,140.00
2,350.00
2,480.00
2,840.00
Country
USSR
USSR
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
rimary Lead
2nd
Refined primary
production
266.00
290.00
219.00
221.00
212.00
215.00
204.00
215.20
186.21
240.00
223.37
270.00
268.00
270.00
232.00
230.00
206.00
202.00
244.14
222.46
200.00
3rd
Country
China
China
Japan
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
UK
UK
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
S. Korea
S. Korea
S. Korea
Refined primary
production
212.00
220.00
215.00
212.00
181.70
178.00
194.00
204.00
176.80
185.42
210.52
203.00
207.72
195.00
173.61
180.78
163.70
195.02
221.00
204.00
178.00
Country
Australia
Australia
Australia
Japan
Japan
Canada
Canada
Australia
Germany
UK
Germany
UK
UK
UK
S. Korea
S. Korea
UK
S. Korea
Australia
Australia
Australia
Table 34. Global production of refined secondary lead, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (tho
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
World refined
secondary
production
2,860.00
2,690.00
2,480.00
2,400.00
2,340.00
2,670.00
2,760.00
2,840.00
2,870.00
2,850.00
3,060.00
3,200.00
3,370.00
3,600.00
3,740.00
3,950.00
4,200.00
4,420.00
4,600.00
4,860.00
5,090.00
U.S. refined
secondary
production
922.00
885.00
916.00
893.00
931.00
1,020.00
1,070.00
1,110.00
1,120.00
1,110.00
1,130.00
1,100.00
1,100.00
1,140.00
1,130.00
1,150.00
1,160.00
1,180.00
1,140.00
1,110.00
1,140.00
Secondary Lead
1st
Concentration ratio Refined secondary
production
0.26
0.26
0.26
0.25
0.34
0.19
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.19
0.18
0.19
0.19
0.20
0.23
0.25
0.24
0.25
0.29
0.34
0.35
280.00
250.00
284.00
284.00
280.00
171.00
177.50
175.80
203.40
204.00
204.00
219.64
238.70
290.00
430.00
537.00
590.00
650.00
850.00
1,230.00
1,360.00
Country
USSR
France
France
France
France
UK
UK
UK
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
ion ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
condary Lead
2nd
Refined secondary
production
270.00
250.00
202.00
179.00
260.00
168.00
162.00
170.80
172.00
167.92
182.21
211.00
230.00
224.70
243.30
298.92
265.19
294.15
301.90
285.70
280.00
3rd
Country
France
USSR
Germany
Germany
Germany
France
France
France
France
Japan
Japan
China
China
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Refined secondary
production
187.00
202.00
147.00
148.00
254.00
164.40
149.40
164.40
162.65
162.65
170.74
175.09
178.02
189.83
188.60
167.98
171.74
171.80
172.45
150.87
160.00
Country
W. Germany
Germany
UK
UK
UK
Germany
Germany
Germany
UK
UK
UK
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Table 35. Global production of mined lithium, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Lithium (pure lithium content)

Year
World mine
production1
1st
Concentration ratio
Mine production
Country
Chile
Chile
Mine production
1990
1991
1992
5.30
5.40
5.20
0.77
0.80
0.73
1.70
1.70
1.60
1993
1994
5.60
6.10
0.73
0.74
2.00
2.00
1995
1996
1997
6.30
11.00
14.00
0.71
0.84
0.70
2.00
3.70
4.10
Chile
1.70
2.80
2.90
1998
1999
15.00
14.00
0.65
0.70
4.70
5.30
Chile
Chile
3.00
2.30
2000
2001
2002
14.00
15.10
14.20
0.72
0.74
0.81
5.30
6.80
5.92
Chile
Chile
Chile
2.40
2.40
3.14
2003
2004
15.10
20.20
0.83
0.72
6.58
7.99
Chile
Chile
3.45
3.93
2005
2006
2007
20.60
23.50
25.80
0.72
0.71
0.81
8.27
8.20
11.10
Chile
Chile
Chile
3.77
5.50
6.91
2008
2009
25.40
18.80
0.79
0.83
10.60
6.28
Chile
Australia
6.28
5.62
2010
28.10
0.84
10.51
Chile
9.26
2nd
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Australia
1.30
1.60
1.30
1.30
1.70
3rd
Country
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
China
China
China
China
China
China
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Chile
Australia
Mine production
1.10
1.00
0.90
0.80
0.80
Country
USSR
USSR
Russia
Russia
Russia
0.80
2.70
2.80
Russia
Chile
Australia
2.10
2.20
Australia
Australia
2.40
2.00
2.40
Australia
Australia
China
2.50
2.63
China
China
2.82
2.90
3.01
China
Argentina
China
3.29
3.76
China
China
3.95
China
Table 36. Global production of mined magnesium compounds, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Year
1
2
World mine
production1
1st
Concentration ratio
Mine production
Magnesium Compounds (magnesite)

2nd
Country
Mine production
3rd
Country
Mine production
Country
1990
10,500.00
0.50
2,170.00
China
1,600.00
USSR
1,500.00
1991
9,790.00
0.47
1,650.00
China
1,600.00
N. Korea
1,400.00
N. Korea
USSR
1992
10,200.00
0.43
1,600.00
N. Korea
1,510.00
China
1,267.00
Czechoslovakia2
N. Korea
N. Korea
1,230.00
China
Turkey
1,200.00
Slovakia
Slovakia
1993
8,280.00
0.49
1,600.00
1994
1995
9,020.00
10,600.00
0.45
0.53
1,600.00
2,050.00
China
1,279.61
1,928.06
1996
1997
11,000.00
10,100.00
0.55
0.54
2,339.14
2,400.00
Turkey
China
2,100.00
1,600.00
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
11,400.00
9,830.00
12,700.00
11,100.00
14,100.00
14,100.00
16,500.00
15,200.00
14,400.00
20,300.00
21,500.00
18,200.00
19,900.00
0.58
0.53
0.61
0.54
0.61
0.66
0.69
0.67
0.69
0.79
0.81
0.82
0.81
2,703.34
2,450.00
4,070.00
3,580.00
4,560.00
4,900.00
6,500.00
6,600.00
6,700.00
14,000.00
15,600.00
13,000.00
14,000.00
Turkey
China
China
China
China
China
2,400.00
1,724.74
2,672.09
1,450.03
3,044.44
3,224.28
3,732.95
2,372.21
2,088.03
1,200.00
1,200.00
1,000.00
1,200.00
All production for Czechoslovakia in 1992 came from Slovakia.
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
Turkey
China
N. Korea
China
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
1,200.00
1,600.00
N. Korea
1,600.00
1,409.77
N. Korea
Turkey
1,500.00
1,000.00
1,000.00
1,000.00
1,000.00
1,200.00
1,200.00
1,200.00
1,200.00
802.41
677.78
861.18
1,000.00
N. Korea
N. Korea
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
N. Korea
N. Korea
Russia
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Table 37. Global production of refined magnesium metal, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
[W, withheld]
Year
World refined
primary
production1
U.S.refined
primary
production
Magnesium Metal
1st
Concentration ratio
Refined primary
production
Country
2nd
Refined primary
production
3rd
Country
Refined primary
production
Country
1990
1991
354.000
342.000
139.000
131.000
0.46
0.47
88.000
80.000
USSR
USSR
48.200
44.322
Norway
Norway
25.300
35.500
Canada
Canada
1992
1993
295.000
269.000
137.000
132.000
0.33
0.30
40.000
30.000
Russia
Russia
30.404
27.300
Norway
Norway
25.800
23.000
Canada
Canada
1994
1995
282.000
395.000
128.000
142.000
0.33
0.45
35.400
93.600
Russia
China
28.900
48.100
Canada
27.635
37.500
Norway
1996
1997
378.000
384.000
133.000
125.000
0.44
0.45
73.100
75.990
China
China
54.000
57.700
37.800
39.500
Norway
Russia
1998
1999
2000
396.000
341.000
422.000
106.000
W
W
0.48
0.70
0.75
77.100
120.000
190.000
Canada
China
70.500
73.700
80.000
Canada
Canada
China
Canada
41.500
45.000
45.000
Russia
Russia
Russia
2001
2002
420.000
432.000
W
W
0.77
0.86
200.000
250.000
40.000
40.000
2003
2004
509.000
595.000
W
W
0.91
0.91
340.000
442.000
China
China
China
Russia
Russia
Russia
2005
2006
622.000
675.000
W
W
0.91
0.92
470.000
520.000
2007
2008
751.000
670.000
W
W
0.92
0.94
2009
2010
598.000
757.000
W
W
0.93
0.95
China
China
83.000
80.000
Canada
Canada
Canada
Russia
78.000
54.000
Canada
Canada
Canada
China
China
50.000
65.000
Canada
Canada
45.000
35.000
Russia
Russia
625.000
559.000
China
China
37.000
37.000
Russia
Russia
29.600
32.051
Israel
Israel
501.000
654.000
China
China
37.000
37.000
Russia
Russia
21.000
25.000
Kazakhstan
Israel
U.S. data is withheld and was not included in total world mine production between 1999 and 2010.
43.000
45.000
Russia
Table 38. Global production of mined manganese, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand m
Manganese ore, metal content

Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
World mine
production
9.08
7.60
7.26
7.07
6.53
7.97
8.17
7.66
7.33
6.39
6.96
7.57
7.77
8.79
9.91
11.01
11.48
12.11
13.00
10.80
13.97
1st
Concentration ratio
0.43
0.42
0.55
0.51
0.49
0.48
0.48
0.46
0.49
0.49
0.48
0.45
0.46
0.47
0.49
0.46
0.53
0.59
0.57
0.60
0.62
Mine production
1.91
1.37
1.85
1.35
1.21
1.38
1.52
1.32
1.30
1.34
1.58
1.48
1.50
1.59
1.91
2.10
2.30
2.60
2.90
2.40
3.10
2nd
Country
S. Africa
S. Africa
Ukraine
Ukraine
S. Africa
China
China
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
China
Australia
Mine production
1.12
1.03
1.08
1.17
1.05
1.35
1.38
1.20
1.26
0.93
0.93
0.99
1.10
1.29
1.57
1.50
2.19
2.54
2.32
2.14
2.90
ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
tal content
2nd
3rd
Country
Gabon
China
S. Africa
China
Ukraine
S. Africa
S. Africa
China
Brazil
Australia
Ukraine
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
S. Africa
Mine production
0.91
0.78
1.06
1.08
0.94
1.10
1.04
1.03
1.06
0.88
0.80
0.95
0.98
1.25
1.35
1.50
1.60
2.00
2.20
1.90
2.60
Country
Australia
Brazil
China
S. Africa
Australia
Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine
China
Gabon
Gabon
Australia
Australia
Australia
Brazil
China
China
China
China
S. Africa
China
Table 39. Global production of mined ferromanganese, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (tho
Ferromanganese, metal content1

Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
World mine
production
3,531.30
3,207.40
3,009.90
2,851.90
2,946.70
2,962.50
3,167.90
3,160.00
2,994.10
2,899.30
3,028.07
3,160.79
2,847.16
3,135.51
3,717.74
3,576.33
4,102.49
4,618.01
4,632.61
3,560.48
4,498.23
1st
Concentration ratio
Mine production
0.36
0.43
0.38
0.42
0.50
0.52
0.53
0.53
0.53
0.56
0.36
0.53
0.55
0.56
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.62
0.62
0.70
0.64
Estimated based on the typical percentage of manganese content.
545.89
537.20
592.50
584.60
724.43
793.95
908.50
932.20
829.50
869.00
471.53
924.30
782.10
987.50
1,350.90
1,303.50
1,580.00
1,998.70
2,133.00
1,911.80
2,093.50
2nd
Country
USSR
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
S. Africa
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
Mine production
379.20
477.95
285.98
310.47
466.89
400.53
432.92
394.21
428.18
416.33
347.60
413.96
488.97
479.82
483.41
450.75
518.43
551.94
397.37
307.68
418.70
tal content1
2nd
3rd
Country
China
USSR
Japan
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
France
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
India
S. Africa
Mine production
357.08
366.56
268.60
302.57
284.40
342.07
345.23
336.54
332.59
347.60
267.08
339.70
281.81
293.75
359.44
354.41
320.87
331.92
340.63
285.49
358.08
Country
Japan
Japan
France
Japan
France
France
France
France
France
France
Ukraine
France
Japan
Japan
Ukraine
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Table 40. Global production of mined silicomanganese, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (tho
Silicomanganese, metal content1

1st
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
World mine
production
2,433.20
2,322.60
2,417.40
2,188.30
1,881.00
1,980.00
2,098.80
2,090.88
1,907.40
1,953.60
2,345.00
2,498.06
2,879.21
3,064.32
3,977.39
4,290.94
4,932.21
5,603.06
5,689.55
5,671.28
6,246.66
Concentration ratio
Mine production
0.53
0.51
0.50
0.47
0.54
0.56
0.53
0.51
0.48
0.54
0.53
0.56
0.60
0.61
0.66
0.71
0.74
0.77
0.79
0.85
0.81
Estimated based on the typical percentage of manganese content.
858.00
726.00
726.00
485.10
433.62
547.80
554.40
508.20
421.74
542.52
594.00
772.20
1,042.80
1,188.00
1,716.00
1,980.00
2,376.00
2,864.40
3,300.00
3,583.80
3,762.00
2nd
Country
USSR
USSR
Ukraine
Ukraine
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
Mine production
244.20
273.90
277.20
346.50
396.00
396.00
396.00
369.60
320.76
329.28
451.47
463.58
483.51
488.40
699.60
686.40
770.88
845.46
590.63
725.89
660.00
tal content1
2nd
3rd
Country
China
China
China
China
Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine
India
India
Mine production
177.54
179.52
198.00
187.44
191.40
165.66
167.64
188.76
174.90
176.22
204.60
166.98
208.43
178.20
220.44
393.61
516.75
601.53
588.36
489.65
620.66
Country
S. Africa
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
India
India
India
India
Ukraine
Ukraine
Table 41. Global production of mined mercury, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Mercury
Year
World mine
production1
1st
Concentration ratio
Mine production
Country
China
China
Mine production
1990
1991
1992
4.10
2.54
1.96
0.62
0.76
0.72
1.00
0.76
0.58
1993
1994
2.39
1.96
0.56
0.64
0.52
0.47
1995
1996
1997
3.19
2.56
2.41
0.83
0.76
0.76
1.50
0.86
0.83
China
0.78
0.58
0.55
1998
1999
1.58
1.32
0.73
0.74
0.68
0.43
Spain
Spain
0.25
0.30
2000
2001
2002
1.36
1.50
1.98
0.72
0.75
0.77
0.50
0.50
0.73
0.26
0.32
0.50
2003
2004
1.73
1.90
0.82
0.89
0.61
1.14
Spain
Spain
Spain
China
2005
2006
2007
1.52
1.15
1.20
0.92
0.92
0.92
2008
2009
1.82
1.96
2010
2.25
China
China
China
Spain
Spain
0.80
0.75
0.48
0.46
0.41
China
0.50
0.30
1.10
0.76
0.80
China
China
China
0.20
0.25
0.25
0.93
0.89
1.30
1.40
China
China
0.25
0.25
0.90
1.60
China
0.25
2nd
3rd
Country
USSR
USSR
Algeria
Algeria
Algeria
China
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
Algeria
China
Spain
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
Mine production
0.74
0.43
0.35
0.35
0.38
Country
Mexico
Algeria
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
0.38
0.51
0.45
Kyrgyzstan
China
Algeria
0.23
0.24
China
Algeria
0.22
0.30
0.31
Algeria
Kyrgyzstan
Algeria
Kyrgyzstan
0.30
0.25
Spain
0.10
0.05
0.05
Peru
Russia
Russia
0.14
0.09
Peru
Peru
0.18
Chile
Table 42. Global production of mined mica, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Year
World mine
production
U.S. mine
production
Mica Production
1st
Concentration ratio
Mine production
1990
217
109.00
0.31
45
1991
1992
211
205
103.00
85.30
0.31
0.31
40
35
1993
1994
1995
301
313
328
87.90
109.00
108.00
0.52
0.50
0.49
129
100
100
1996
1997
297
309
94.70
112.00
0.52
0.49
100
100
1998
1999
289
278
87.00
95.40
0.54
0.51
100
100
2000
2001
328
368
101.00
97.80
0.56
0.62
100
109
2002
2003
278
362
81.10
78.60
0.53
0.57
100
100
2004
2005
400
359
99.20
78.10
0.57
0.57
100
100
2006
2007
1,090
1,120
110.00
96.60
0.80
0.80
700
720
2008
2009
1,140
1,020
85.30
--
0.81
0.85
750
700
Country
USSR
USSR
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Korea
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
China
China
China
China
2nd
Mine production
16.00
17.00
17.50
17.50
37.47
43.71
35.92
34.49
38.46
24.73
65.25
100.00
29.87
74.49
68.80
68.85
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
3rd
Country
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Korea
Korea
Korea
Korea
Korea
Korea
Korea
Russia
Korea
Finland
Finland
Finland
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Mine production
Country
6.68
India
8.60
11.04
Taiwain
Taiwain
9.75
17.50
17.50
Taiwain
Canada
Canada
17.50
17.50
Canada
Canada
17.50
17.50
Canada
Canada
17.50
17.50
Canada
Canada
17.50
33.65
Canada
Korea
59.24
36.62
Korea
Korea
71.07
71.45
Finland
Finland
70.71
70.00
Finland
Finland
Table 43. Global production of mined molybdenum, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric
tons).
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
World mine
production
127.00
115.00
114.00
99.20
108.00
136.00
127.00
139.00
136.00
129.00
135.00
133.00
122.00
131.00
159.00
186.00
186.00
212.00
218.00
221.00
U.S. mine
production
61.6
53.4
49.7
36.8
46.8
60.9
56
60.1
53.34
42.4
40.9
37.6
32.3
33.5
41.5
58
59.8
57
55.9
47.8
Molybdenum Production
1st
Concentration ratio
0.36
0.38
0.39
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.45
0.47
0.50
0.52
0.54
0.55
0.56
0.60
0.57
0.56
0.61
0.60
0.64
Mine production
17.00
16.00
19.20
18.30
21.40
33.00
29.60
33.30
30.00
29.70
33.64
33.49
29.47
33.37
41.88
48.04
43.90
66.70
81.00
93.50
Country
USSR
USSR
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
China
China
China
China
2nd
Mine
production
15.70
14.43
14.50
14.90
15.95
17.89
17.42
21.34
25.30
27.31
28.80
28.20
29.30
31.00
38.50
40.00
43.28
44.91
33.69
34.93
Country
China
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
China
China
China
China
China
China
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
ree producing countries (thousand metric
3rd
Mine production
Country
13.60
13.20
10.80
10.30
10.25
9.11
8.88
8.22
8.47
7.96
7.46
9.50
8.61
9.56
14.25
17.33
17.21
16.74
16.72
12.30
Chile
China
Russia
Russia
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Mexico
Canada
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Table 44. Global production of ferromolybdenum, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand me
[ferromoly, ferromolybdenum]
Year
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
World ferromoly
Concentration ratio
production
91.0
107.3
102.6
107.2
128.8
124.5
115.6
140.6
0.86
0.88
0.76
0.73
0.71
0.66
0.60
0.56
Ferromolybdenum Production
1st
Ferromoly
production
52.40
63.60
51.10
49.00
60.00
50.00
50.00
50.00
Country
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
2nd
Ferromoly
production
16.00
15.60
16.40
18.70
21.10
22.90
13.80
18.30
Country
UK
Chile and Belgium
Chile and Belgium
Chile and Belgium
Chile and Belgium
Chile and Belgium
Chile and Belgium
Chile and Belgium
e producing countries (thousand metric tons).
3rd
Ferromoly
production
10.20
15.00
10.10
10.50
10.30
9.80
6.10
10.10
Country
Chile and Belgium
UK
UK
UK
UK
UK
UK
UK
Table 45. Global production of mined nickel, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Nickel Production
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
World mine
production
974
1,010
1,010
928
932
1,040
1,060
1,140
1,180
1,170
1,290
1,350
1,350
1,330
1,370
1,460
1,570
1,670
1,560
1,400
1st
Concentration ratio
0.58
0.58
0.57
0.57
0.52
0.53
0.51
0.53
0.54
0.52
0.52
0.53
0.51
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.44
0.46
0.47
0.45
Mine production
280.00
280.00
280.00
244.00
240.00
251.00
230.00
280.00
290.00
300.00
315.00
320.00
310.00
259.16
268.55
277.18
277.00
279.77
266.81
261.85
2nd
Country
USSR
USSR
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Mine production
196.00
192.26
186.38
188.08
149.89
181.82
192.65
190.53
208.30
186.24
190.79
205.00
189.30
190.21
168.80
199.93
232.95
254.92
259.65
202.80
Country
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Australia
Canada
Australia
Australia
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Indonesia
tries (thousand metric tons).
3rd
Mine production
85.10
114.49
113.00
97.09
97.32
119.91
122.49
136.47
143.51
119.60
166.50
194.06
188.00
163.24
186.70
188.90
185.00
229.00
199.20
165.00
Country
New Caledonia
New Caledonia
New Caledonia
New Caledonia
New Caledonia
New Caledonia
New Caledonia
New Caledonia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Canada
Australia
Canada
Canada
Australia
Australia
Indonesia
Australia
Australia
Table 46. Global production of nickel chemical, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
World chemical
production
Nickel Chemical Production

1st
Concentration ratio
2.73
8.55
9.52
8.58
10.20
10.20
17.30
17.80
19.00
19.50
17.10
16.90
19.80
28.10
14.90
15.40
16.20
14.80
14.60
13.80
China and Finland are both chemical and unspecified.

Includes nickel sulfate plus exported metal in concentrate.
1
2
#VALUE!
0.88
0.87
0.86
0.84
0.84
0.74
0.76
0.77
0.75
0.71
0.71
0.76
0.83
1.42
1.09
1.10
1.22
1.57
1.43
Refined production
1.64
3.00
3.00
3.13
4.12
4.28
6.00
6.00
7.64
7.86
5.72
5.94
6.90
15.34
9.50
7.40
7.60
6.80
8.14
8.00
2nd
Country
Chemical production
Finland
USSR
Russia
Finland
Finland
Finland
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
1.09
2.38
2.89
2.26
2.40
2.28
4.51
4.99
4.52
4.14
3.71
3.70
6.20
5.57
7.17
5.00
5.17
6.00
8.00
6.80
Finland1
S. Africa2
S. Africa2
S. Africa2
Finland1
China1
ng countries (thousand metric tons).
2nd
3rd
Country
Chemical production
France
Japan
Finland
Japan
Japan
Japan
Finland
Finland
Finland
Finland
Finland
Finland
Finland
Finland
S. Africa2
China1
-2.16
2.43
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.32
2.54
2.51
2.57
2.72
2.39
2.00
2.50
4.50
4.45
5.00
5.20
6.80
5.00
Finland1
China1
China1
S. Africa2
Country
NA
Finland
Japan
Russia
Russia
Russia
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
France/Russia
Russia
China1
Finland1
China1
Finland1
S. Africa2
Finland1
Table 47. Global production of ferronickel, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons)
Ferronickel Production
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
World ferronickel
Concentration ratio
production
198
207
193
175
190
234
232
245
218
207
217
232
266
272
275
301
332
395
350
363
0.59
0.64
0.61
0.64
0.63
0.61
0.60
0.61
0.65
0.68
0.68
0.66
0.63
0.64
0.60
0.58
0.52
0.41
0.40
0.58
1st
Ferronickel
production
56.50
68.05
57.45
51.12
50.19
69.88
66.80
72.08
69.20
67.17
74.75
68.11
74.42
74.80
73.66
76.39
66.67
68.35
59.26
100.00
2nd
Country
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
China
Ferronickel
production
32.30
34.41
31.90
36.88
39.49
42.20
42.17
44.31
44.49
45.29
43.91
45.91
48.65
50.67
48.82
52.75
57.14
49.31
41.64
58.94
2nd
3rd
Country
New Caledonia
New Caledonia
New Caledonia
New Caledonia
New Caledonia
New Caledonia
New Caledonia
New Caledonia
New Caledonia
Norway
Norway
New Caledonia
New Caledonia
New Caledonia
Colombia
Colombia
Colombia
Colombia
Colombia
Japan
Ferronickel
production
28.70
29.06
27.53
23.86
30.76
30.90
30.38
32.56
28.19
28.26
27.83
38.44
43.99
47.87
43.02
46.74
48.72
44.95
37.47
51.80
Country
Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic
Colombia
Colombia
Dominican Republic
Colombia
Colombia
Colombia
New Caledonia
New Caledonia
New Caledonia
New Caledonia
New Caledonia
Colombia
Table 48. Global production of nickel metal, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Nickel Metal Production

1st
World metal
production
Concentration ratio
486
470
378
378
401
473
493
534
569
603
635
683
672
681
701
730
741
748
742
775
0.67
0.74
0.81
0.67
0.66
0.60
0.59
0.62
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.64
0.64
0.65
0.62
0.63
0.62
0.62
0.62
0.68
Metal production
240.00
259.40
221.00
167.00
164.50
181.00
170.00
208.00
208.00
215.00
225.00
252.00
239.00
247.00
244.36
249.45
255.05
248.36
242.41
237.27
Country
USSR
USSR
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
2nd
Metal production
57.80
58.73
55.69
56.82
67.96
58.32
61.58
62.70
70.15
74.14
98.70
116.90
120.80
115.80
112.40
112.60
105.10
116.00
129.00
165.00
2nd
3rd
Country
Norway
Norway
Norway
Norway
Norway
Australia
Norway
Norway
Norway
Norway
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
China
China
China
Metal production
28.20
29.03
30.80
30.54
31.30
42.20
61.38
58.82
64.32
73.40
58.68
68.22
68.53
77.18
75.80
95.10
102.00
100.30
89.50
123.20
Country
S. Africa
UK
China
China
China
Norway
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Norway
Norway
Norway
Norway
China
China
China
Australia
Australia
Australia
Table 49. Global production of nickel oxide, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric ton
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
World oxide
production
55.60
56.00
59.20
55.60
53.20
61.50
69.50
72.50
73.60
84.80
101.00
104.00
93.70
101.00
103.00
99.90
95.70
100.00
89.40
91.70
Nickel Oxide Production

1st
Concentration ratio
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.01
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
Oxide production
21.50
22.47
27.52
28.81
34.71
35.97
34.77
33.57
38.19
38.84
47.02
50.77
48.95
52.70
60.30
56.70
53.88
60.15
54.90
57.19
Country
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
2nd
Oxide production
21.10
18.53
16.72
16.00
13.93
21.39
26.73
26.90
25.44
34.48
39.52
40.75
38.74
42.28
38.82
39.12
39.12
39.91
34.48
34.50
countries (thousand metric tons).
2nd
3rd
Country
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Japan
Japan
Japan
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Oxide production
13.00
15.00
15.00
10.80
4.60
4.10
8.00
12.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
12.00
6.00
6.37
3.81
4.08
2.71
0.24
---
Country
USSR
USSR
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
NA
NA
Table 50. Global production of unspecified nickel, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand me
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
World unspecified
production
178
151
192
178
172
144
143
146
162
134
148
152
154
136
177
159
168
179
203
138
Unspecified Nickel Production

1st
Concentration ratio
1.00
1.20
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.91
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.92
0.91
Unspecified
production
135.00
131.50
135.20
123.14
105.14
125.31
130.14
131.64
146.76
124.23
134.23
140.59
144.48
124.42
151.52
139.68
146.90
153.65
167.73
116.91
Country
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
2nd
Unspecified
production
43.00
49.40
57.00
55.00
67.00
18.61
12.64
14.76
15.26
10.20
13.50
11.20
9.50
11.80
10.20
9.70
11.40
14.20
19.40
8.00
ucing countries (thousand metric tons).
2nd
3rd
Country
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Unspecified
production
Country
---------------------
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Table 51. Global production of mined niobium, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand
metric tons).
Niobium Production
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
World mine
production
15,300
15,700
15,300
12,400
15,700
15,600
16,200
20,500
26,200
24,600
24,800
31,100
33,300
40,400
27,600
43,100
52,800
62,000
63,000
62,900
1st
Concetration ratio
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.99
0.98
0.99
0.99
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.99
0.99
Mine
production
12,371
12,866
12,545
9,580
13,240
13,140
13,745
18,000
23,600
21,900
21,800
27,300
28,873
37,920
23,779
39,162
48,129
57,267
58,000
58,000
2nd
Country
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Mine
production
2,384
2,365
2,308
2,395
2,317
2,357
2,331
2,300
2,370
2,370
2,291
3,195
3,345
2,263
3,599
3,710
4,157
4,337
4,383
4,330
3rd
Country
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Mine production
359
365
358
355
81
109
112
125
140
140
200
250
695
386
87
87
387
180
194
180
ee producing countries (thousand
3rd
Country
Zaire
Zaire
Zaire
Congo
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Nigeria
Nigeria
Congo
Congo
Mozambique
Rwanda
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
Table 52. Global production of ferroniobium, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric
Year
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
World mine
production
28,800
29,300
31,600
39,000
29,900
29,400
Ferroniobium Production (mt, Nb Content)

1st
2nd
Concentration ratio
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
Mine production
25,169
25,621
27,434
34,612
25,403
25,410
Country
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Mine production
3,559
3,710
4,157
4,337
4,385
3,960
Country
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
3rd
Mine production
40
--80
80
79
Country
India
NA
NA
Russia
Russia
Russia
Table 53. Global production of mined phosphate rock, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand
metric tons of phosphorus oxide (P 2O5) equivalent).
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
World mine
production
50,500
46,300
42,800
36,800
39,800
40,700
42,000
45,500
46,100
42,600
41,600
40,000
42,600
43,000
44,600
46,900
46,700
50,800
51,000
50,000
U.S. mine
production
14,200
14,500
14,100
10,700
12,180
12,800
13,300
13,300
12,900
11,800
11,200
9,230
10,700
10,300
10,400
10,300
8,680
8,480
8,590
7,640
Phosphate Rock Production

1st
Concentration ratio
0.49
0.27
0.39
0.42
0.41
0.38
0.38
0.44
0.42
0.41
0.41
0.44
0.43
0.44
0.45
0.48
0.52
0.56
0.53
0.55
Mine
production
11,200
9,250
6,400
6,350
7,430
6,399
6,552
7,848
7,850
7,500
7,200
7,400
7,341
7,550
8,507
9,195
11,600
15,100
15,200
18,000
Country
USSR
USSR
China
China
China
Morocco
Morocco
Morocco
Morocco
Morocco
Morocco
Morocco
Morocco
China
Morocco
China
China
China
China
China
2nd
Mine
production
6,910
1,880
6,180
5,778
6,274
5,790
6,300
7,530
7,500
6,000
5,820
6,300
6,900
7,424
7,650
9,130
8,700
8,900
7,850
6,000
3rd
Country
Mine production
Morocco
Tunisia
Morocco
Morocco
Morocco
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
Morocco
China
Morocco
Morocco
Morocco
Morocco
Morocco
6,400
1,210
4,000
3,300
2,800
3,100
3,200
4,660
4,200
4,100
3,900
4,000
4,000
4,000
4,000
4,000
4,000
4,200
3,800
3,500
g countries (thousand
3rd
Country
China
S. Africa
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Table 54. Global production of mined platinum, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons
Platinum Production
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
World mine
production
129
128
132
137
139
139
139
155
160
164
160
172
178
195
194
211
218
209
193
184
1st
Concentration ratio
0.96
0.97
0.97
0.98
0.97
0.97
0.97
0.97
0.95
0.97
0.97
0.96
0.95
0.94
0.96
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.93
0.94
Mine production
87.80
88.90
94.90
109.00
114.00
102.00
105.00
115.86
116.48
121.30
114.46
130.31
132.90
148.35
153.24
163.71
168.13
160.94
146.14
140.82
2nd
Country
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
Mine production
31.00
30.00
28.00
20.00
15.00
27.00
25.00
30.00
30.00
32.00
34.00
27.00
27.00
28.00
28.00
29.00
29.00
27.00
25.00
24.50
Country
USSR
USSR
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
3rd
Mine production
5.04
4.69
4.80
5.00
6.00
5.95
5.16
4.81
5.64
5.66
6.30
7.73
9.20
6.99
4.44
6.08
8.51
8.00
8.50
7.23
Country
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Zimbabwe
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Zimbabwe
Table 55. Global production of mined palladium, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metri
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
World mine
production
135
133
124
113
103
153
150
144
153
151
153
187
196
207
211
216
222
223
203
194
U.S. mine
production
5.93
5.2
5.44
6.78
6.44
5.26
6.1
8.43
10.6
9.8
10.3
12.1
14.8
14
13.7
13.3
14.4
12.8
11.9
12.7
Palladium Production
1st
Concentration ratio
0.94
0.95
0.94
0.92
0.92
0.95
0.94
0.93
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.90
0.88
0.87
0.88
0.88
0.88
0.87
0.88
0.86
Mine production
84.00
82.00
70.00
50.00
47.80
85.00
80.00
70.00
70.00
67.00
71.00
96.00
96.00
97.00
97.00
97.40
98.40
96.80
87.70
83.20
Country
USSR
USSR
Russia
Russia
S. Africa
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
2nd
Mine production
38.30
38.00
41.00
48.00
40.00
51.00
52.60
55.68
56.61
58.16
55.82
62.60
63.76
70.95
76.40
82.96
86.27
83.64
75.54
75.12
2nd
3rd
Country
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
Russia
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
Mine production
5.27
6.44
5.80
6.00
7.00
9.32
8.08
7.55
8.91
8.94
9.95
8.97
12.21
12.81
12.00
10.42
10.49
14.10
14.70
8.10
Country
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Table 56. Global production of other mined platinum group metals (PGMs), the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing
(thousand metric tons).
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
World mine
production
27.20
26.10
24.30
24.40
27.10
34.20
34.80
39.20
41.30
51.20
51.40
52.30
57.90
64.40
66.60
77.70
74.60
79.60
72.30
70.80
Other PGM's Production

1st
Concentration ratio
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.98
0.98
0.99
Mine production
15.80
16.00
17.00
19.00
22.10
29.80
30.64
25.07
26.86
37.01
36.49
37.01
40.00
46.86
46.76
56.41
53.14
59.45
54.00
55.46
Country
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
2nd
Mine production
10.00
9.50
6.00
4.00
3.00
3.60
3.50
13.50
13.50
13.40
14.10
14.50
14.50
15.00
15.00
15.50
15.60
14.50
12.50
11.90
Country
USSR
USSR
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
ation ratio of the top three producing countries
3rd
Mine production
1.40
0.59
1.31
1.44
1.97
0.80
0.70
0.65
0.74
0.72
0.72
0.72
2.96
1.73
4.00
5.00
5.00
4.00
4.00
2.60
Country
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Table 57. Global production of refined potash, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons of K 2O
equivalent).
Potash Refinery Production
Year
World mine
production
1st
Concentration ratio
Mine production
2nd
Country
Mine production
6.99
8.56
7.27
USSR
USSR
Canada
0.60
0.62
6.84
8.04
24.80
23.30
25.20
0.63
0.61
0.63
9.07
8.12
8.99
1998
1999
26.00
27.30
0.63
0.63
9.20
8.48
2000
2001
27.00
26.40
0.62
0.62
9.20
8.24
2002
2003
27.10
29.90
0.62
0.63
8.52
9.10
2004
2005
32.20
33.80
0.66
0.65
10.10
10.14
2006
2007
2008
30.40
35.70
34.50
0.55
0.65
0.64
8.52
11.09
10.46
0.53
4.32
1990
27.50
0.76
9.00
1991
1992
26.10
23.90
0.76
0.59
1993
1994
20.40
23.10
1995
1996
1997
2009
20.80
1
Total of East and West Germany.
3rd
Country
Mine production
Country
4.96
Germany1
7.41
3.47
Canada
Canada
Russia
3.86
3.46
Canada
Canada
2.86
3.29
Germany
Germany
2.63
3.02
Germany
Germany
Russia
Belarus
Canada
Canada
3.28
3.33
3.42
Germany
Germany
3.21
2.72
3.40
Belarus
Belarus
3.50
4.20
Russia
Russia
3.70
3.70
Russia
Belarus
3.80
4.23
Belarus
Belarus
4.60
4.84
Belarus
Belarus
3.72
4.97
4.97
Russia
Belarus
Belarus
3.00
China
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
3.58
4.55
3.79
4.30
4.40
5.47
6.41
7.14
4.61
7.28
6.73
3.70
Germany
Germany
Belarus
Belarus
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Belarus
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Table 58. Global production of mined rare earths, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (million metric tons
[Fmr Sov Rep, Former Soviet Republics]
Rare Earths Production
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
World mine
production
60.10
49.90
56.80
27.50
56.60
75.70
80.60
68.30
77.10
81.60
92.70
89.50
93.00
97.10
102.00
122.00
137.00
124.00
128.00
132.00
1st
Concentration ratio
0.52
0.57
0.57
0.31
0.62
0.70
0.74
0.84
0.90
0.97
0.98
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.99
0.99
1.00
1.00
Mine production
2nd
Country
China
16.50
China
16.10
China
21.30
4.50 Fmr Sov Rep
China
30.70
China
48.00
China
55.00
China
53.00
China
60.00
China
70.00
China
73.00
China
80.60
China
88.00
China
92.00
China
98.00
China
119.00
China
133.00
China
120.00
China
125.00
China
129.00
Mine production
8.50
8.50
8.00
2.50
2.50
2.70
2.70
2.70
7.05
6.12
15.54
5.80
2.70
2.70
2.70
2.70
2.70
2.70
2.70
2.70
Country
USSR
USSR
USSR
India
India
India
India
India
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
ree producing countries (million metric tons).
3rd
Mine production
6.05
3.85
3.30
1.65
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.70
2.70
2.70
2.70
2.10
2.00
0.80
0.53
0.53
0.65
0.55
0.55
Country
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Fmr Sov Rep
Fmr Sov Rep
Fmr Sov Rep
Fmr Sov Rep
India
India
India
India
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
Malaysia
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Table 59. Global production of mined monazite, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (million metric to
Monazite Concentrate
Year
World mine
production
1st
Concentration ratio
Mine production
1990
24.90
0.76
1991
16.60
0.78
1992
14.70
0.80
1993
12.10
0.78
1994
6.81
0.94
1995
7.62
0.95
1996
5.82
1.00
1997
6.28
0.95
1998
5.92
0.97
1999
6.55
0.97
2000
6.02
1.00
2001
5.64
1.00
2002
5.44
1.00
2003
5.80
1.00
2004
7.41
1.00
2005
6.28
1.00
2006
6.85
1.00
2007
6.86
1.00
2008
6.90
1.00
2009
6.80
1.00
1
Brazil and Sri Lanka each produced 0.2 million metric tons.
11.00
7.00
6.00
3.00
4.60
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
2nd
Country
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
Mine production
4.50
4.00
4.00
4.60
1.40
1.40
0.62
0.77
0.52
1.15
0.82
0.64
0.44
0.80
1.68
0.96
0.96
1.17
1.20
1.20
Country
India
India
India
India
Brazil
Brazil
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
oducing countries (million metric tons).
3rd
Mine production
3.32
1.98
1.80
1.80
0.43
0.82
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
---0.73
0.32
0.89
0.68
0.70
0.60
Country
Malaysia
Malaysia
China
China
Malaysia
Malaysia
Sri Lanka
Brazil/Sri Lanka1
Brazil/Sri Lanka1
Brazil/Sri Lanka1
Brazil
NA
NA
NA
Brazil
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Table 60. Global production of mined rhenium, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
[Data not reported until the 2000 Minerals Yearbook (U.S. Geological Survey, 1996 - 2012a)]
Year
World mine
production
Rhenium Production
1st
U.S. mine
production
Concentration ratio
Mine production
1996
21.20
14
0.29
2.60
1997
1998
26.70
34.20
15.4
6.9
0.24
0.58
2.50
15.30
1999
2000
2001
35.30
36.00
32.70
6.2
7.2
5
0.64
0.62
0.72
15.50
15.20
16.00
2002
2003
31.60
38.30
3.4
6.3
0.74
0.70
15.70
19.30
2004
2005
42.90
47.30
6.5
7.9
0.73
0.73
21.30
21.50
2006
2007
46.70
47.50
8.1
7.1
0.70
0.70
19.80
22.90
2008
2009
54.90
45.40
7.9
5.6
0.69
0.73
27.60
25.00
Country
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
2nd
Mine production
2.00
2.00
2.40
4.80
4.80
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
8.00
8.00
5.50
5.50
5.00
3rd
Country
Peru
Peru
Kazakhstan
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Peru
Mine production
Country
1.50
Canada
1.80
2.30
Kazakhstan
Peru
2.40
2.40
2.50
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
2.60
2.60
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
5.00
5.00
Kazakhstan
Peru
5.00
5.00
Peru
Peru
5.00
3.00
Peru
Kazakhstan
Table 61. Global production of mined selenium, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand
kilograms).
Year
World mine
production
U.S. mine
production
Selenium Refinery Production

1st
Concentration ratio
Mine
Country
production
1990
1991
1,770.00
1,640.00
287.05
260.05
0.61
0.61
495.00
537.30
1992
1993
1994
1995
1,770.00
1,740.00
2,160.00
2,070.00
243.00
283.00
360.00
373.00
0.63
0.62
0.66
0.65
573.00
540.94
614.13
553.00
1996
1997
1998
2,250.00
1,720.00
1,470.00
379.00
0.68
0.81
0.78
694.00
592.00
549.62
1999
2000
1,410.00
1,460.00
0.78
0.80
546.29
612.32
2001
2002
2003
1,420.00
1,410.00
1,570.00
0.83
0.80
0.78
735.09
752.10
733.97
2004
2005
1,440.00
2,020.00
0.74
0.74
599.17
680.00
2006
2007
2008
2,090.00
2,200.00
2,180.00
0.76
0.75
0.74
730.10
805.60
754.00
2009
2,190.00
0.72
722.20
1
1
1
1
1
1
U.S. data is withheld and was not included in total world mine production after 1996.
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Canada
Canada
Canada
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Germany
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
2nd
Mine
production
342.00
250.00
294.06
295.00
566.00
547.73
588.19
546.37
398.00
359.00
350.00
238.00
200.00
288.06
271.07
624.63
650.00
650.00
650.00
650.00
3rd
Country
Canada
Belgium
Canada
Canada
Canada
Japan
Japan
Japan
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Belgium
Canada
Canada
Japan
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Mine
production
Country
250.00 Belgium
207.29 Canada
250.00
250.00
250.00
250.00
Belgium
Belgium
Belgium
Belgium
250.00 Belgium
250.00 Belgium
200.00 Belgium
200.00 Belgium
200.00 Belgium
200.00 Belgium
175.00 Canada
200.00 Belgium
200.00 Belgium
200.00 Belgium
200.00 Belgium
200.00 Belgium
200.00 Belgium
200.00 Belgium
Table 62. Global production of mined silicon, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three pr
Year
19901
19912
19921
19931
19941
19951
19961
19971
19981
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
World mine
production
722.61
-557.62
552.72
547.82
594.86
671.30
680.12
672.28
1,054.48
1,158.99
1,080.72
1,242.62
1,354.85
1,480.05
1,508.83
1,463.34
1,567.63
1,650.79
1,751.73
2,141.01
U.S. mine
production
137.98
-155.82
155.82
154.84
154.84
167.58
179.34
184.24
182.28
171.50
128.43
107.30
131.01
141.60
140.22
3
3
3
3
3
Silicon Production
1st
Concentration ratio
0.42
-0.41
0.44
0.48
0.48
0.49
0.46
0.45
0.57
0.63
0.65
0.65
0.66
0.69
0.70
0.76
0.77
0.77
0.86
0.82
No data for China, but it is assumed that China is the leading producer.
No data collected in 1991.
3
U.S. data is withheld and was not included in total world mine production.
1
2
Mine production
128.98
-91.86
103.88
107.80
113.68
147.05
134.15
121.52
387.10
470.40
490.00
568.40
666.40
735.00
823.20
882.00
931.00
960.40
1,205.40
1,470.00
nd the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Silicon Production
1st
Country
Brazil
NA
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
2nd
Mine production
98.00
-71.54
79.38
90.16
98.98
107.80
107.80
107.80
117.60
163.02
109.88
130.72
130.72
177.32
130.73
130.34
142.87
176.53
166.25
166.60
3rd
Country
Canada
NA
Norway
Norway
Norway
Norway
Norway
Norway
Norway
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Norway
Norway
Norway
Norway
Mine production
75.07
-64.68
57.82
64.68
70.02
72.32
72.52
73.50
98.00
98.00
98.00
102.90
98.00
102.90
102.90
98.00
130.34
129.30
129.36
129.36
Country
Norway
NA
France
France
France
France
France
France
France
Norway
Norway
Norway
Norway
Norway
Norway
Norway
Norway
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Table 63. Global production of mined ferrosilicon, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the to
Year
World mine
production
1990
19911
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
No data collected in 1991.
3,341.00
-2,645.50
2,606.50
2,476.50
2,606.50
2,782.00
2,671.50
2,535.00
2,535.00
2,762.50
2,626.00
2,736.50
3,217.50
3,649.00
3,776.50
4,167.82
4,748.50
4,827.25
4,754.60
5,008.59
U.S. mine
production
281.90
-224.90
210.00
233.40
232.70
235.30
233.40
217.10
211.30
162.50
124.00
118.30
96.20
110.90
106.50
126.20
143.10
162.90
134.80
159.90
Ferrosilicon Production
1st
Concentration ratio
0.69
-0.45
0.46
0.50
0.55
0.56
0.54
0.58
0.56
0.59
0.61
0.62
0.65
0.72
0.73
0.79
0.80
0.81
0.83
0.83
Mine production
1,469.40
-542.10
672.75
715.00
786.50
968.50
812.50
838.50
728.00
910.00
858.00
975.00
1,430.00
1,950.00
2,145.00
2,613.00
3,061.50
3,185.00
3,315.00
3,445.00
d the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Ferrosilicon Production
1st
Country
USSR
NA
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
2nd
Mine production
585.00
-325.00
271.70
294.40
308.67
300.58
331.50
322.40
390.65
423.80
459.62
455.65
494.00
468.65
482.30
573.50
582.47
552.50
484.25
595.40
3rd
Country
China
NA
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Norway
Norway
Norway
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Mine production
258.38
-325.00
260.00
227.50
350.00
299.00
305.50
305.50
299.00
299.00
292.50
253.50
162.50
195.00
148.20
109.85
141.70
162.87
134.77
127.08
Country
Norway
NA
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Norway
Norway
Norway
Norway
Norway
Norway
Norway
Norway
Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine
Norway
Norway
Ukraine
Table 64. Global production of mined silver, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Year
World mine
production
Concentration ratio
Mine production
Country
2nd
Mine production
3rd
Country
Mine production
Country
1990
1991
16.60
15.60
2.12
1.86
0.41
0.41
2.50
2.30
USSR
Mexico
2.42
2.20
Mexico
USSR
1.93
1.93
Peru
Peru
1992
1993
1994
14.90
14.10
14.00
1.80
1.60
1.49
0.33
0.35
0.36
2.10
2.14
2.22
Mexico
Mexico
1.61
1.67
1.77
Peru
Peru
1.22
1.09
1.06
Australia/Canada1
Australia
Poland
1995
1996
14.90
15.10
1.56
1.57
0.37
0.38
2.32
2.53
1.29
1.31
Canada
Canada
1997
1998
16.50
17.20
2.18
2.06
0.37
0.37
2.68
2.89
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
1.30
1.47
China
Australia
1999
2000
17.10
18.10
1.95
1.98
0.38
0.39
2.47
2.62
2001
2002
18.70
18.80
1.74
1.35
0.39
0.41
2003
2004
18.80
20.00
1.24
1.25
2005
2006
20.80
20.10
2007
2008
2009
20.80
21.40
22.00
Canada listed as shipments.
U.S. mine
production
Silver Production
1st
Mexico
Mexico
1.93
1.97
Peru
Peru
2.09
2.03
Peru
Peru
Peru
Mexico
Mexico
2.23
2.44
Peru
Peru
1.72
2.06
Australia
Australia
2.76
2.87
Mexico
Peru
2.57
2.73
Peru
Mexico
1.97
2.20
Australia
China
0.42
0.40
2.92
3.06
Peru
Peru
2.57
2.57
Mexico
Mexico
2.40
2.45
China
China
1.23
1.16
0.40
0.45
3.21
3.47
Peru
Peru
2.59
2.97
Mexico
Mexico
2.50
2.60
China
China
1.28
1.25
1.25
0.45
0.45
0.47
3.49
3.69
3.85
Peru
Peru
3.14
3.24
3.55
Mexico
Mexico
2.70
2.80
2.90
China
China
China
Peru
Mexico
Table 65. Global production of mined strontium, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Strontium Production
Year
World mine
production
1st
Concentration ratio
Mine production
2nd
Country
Mine production
3rd
Country
Mine production
Country
1990
1991
240.00
199.00
0.73
0.81
73.80
70.00
Turkey
Turkey
66.30
62.20
Mexico
Mexico
34.10
28.50
Iran
Iran
1992
1993
195.00
201.00
0.88
0.84
72.50
71.90
61.10
52.97
Turkey
Turkey
274.00
311.00
0.87
0.88
111.00
138.00
Mexico
Spain
Spain
37.94
43.70
1994
1995
Spain
Mexico
Mexico
25.00
30.00
Turkey
Turkey
1996
1997
297.00
264.00
0.97
0.97
143.89
134.71
30.00
30.00
Turkey
Turkey
1998
1999
2000
264.00
358.00
396.00
0.98
0.99
0.90
118.23
164.68
157.42
Spain
Spain
30.00
60.54
50.00
Turkey
Turkey
China
2001
2002
399.00
444.00
0.85
0.82
2003
2004
492.00
525.00
2005
2006
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
102.05
105.87
114.83
92.00
Spain
Spain
Spain
Spain
Mexico
Mexico
111.00
128.46
148.35
145.79
171.29
Mexico
Spain
129.79
100.00
Spain
China
63.64
94.02
Turkey
Mexico
0.84
0.82
152.38
192.94
Spain
Spain
130.33
150.00
Mexico
China
130.00
87.61
China
Mexico
509.00
524.00
0.94
0.94
188.00
188.00
180.00
180.00
Mexico
Mexico
518.00
656.00
0.97
0.96
190.00
336.00
China
China
Spain
110.83
125.00
2007
2008
Spain
Spain
China
125.00
96.90
Mexico
Mexico
2009
400.00
0.96
210.00
37.60
Mexico
Spain
China
188.00
200.00
138.00
China
Spain
Table 66. Global production of mined sulfur, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Year
World mine
production
U.S. mine
production
Sulfur Production
1st
Concentration ratio
Mine production
1990
1991
57.80
54.60
11.60
10.80
0.37
0.39
9.03
8.10
1992
1993
1994
50.70
51.60
53.40
10.70
11.10
11.50
0.33
0.36
0.36
7.49
8.43
8.85
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
54.00
55.20
56.90
57.40
58.50
11.80
11.80
12.00
11.70
11.50
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.36
0.36
8.95
9.49
9.48
9.69
9.82
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
59.30
61.40
62.00
64.10
66.40
10.50
9.47
9.27
9.60
10.10
0.35
0.34
0.35
0.35
0.35
9.45
9.44
8.93
9.03
9.10
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
68.20
67.50
68.20
68.70
67.50
9.50
9.06
9.10
9.30
8.94
0.35
0.34
0.36
0.35
0.35
8.97
9.08
8.79
8.61
9.37
Country
USSR
USSR
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
China
China
2nd
Mine production
6.79
7.13
5.90
6.36
7.02
7.03
7.26
7.67
6.17
5.77
5.79
6.13
6.54
6.72
7.15
7.71
7.06
8.46
8.16
7.47
3rd
Country
Canada
Canada
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
China
China
China
China
Canada
Canada
Mine production
Country
5.37
5.91
China
China
3.50
3.72
3.62
Russia
Russia
Russia
3.84
3.80
3.75
4.65
5.27
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
5.56
5.51
5.98
6.50
6.92
China
China
China
China
Russia
6.95
6.95
7.05
7.17
7.07
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Table 67. Global production of mined tantalum, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Tantalum Production
Year
World mine
production1
1st
Concentration ratio
Mine production
Country
Mine production
3rd
Country
Mine production
Country
1990
1991
396
477
0.86
0.83
165
218
Australia
Australia
90
93
Brazil
Canada
86
84
Canada
Brazil
1992
1993
399
292
0.83
0.84
224
170
60
50
Canada
Canada
333
361
0.97
0.99
238
274
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
48
25
1994
1995
Australia
Australia
Australia
36
33
Canada
Canada
1996
1997
436
562
0.89
0.87
276
302
55
60
Canada
Rwanda
1998
1999
2000
779
656
1,070
0.89
0.87
0.75
330
350
485
Brazil
Brazil
57
54
130
Canada
Canada
Congo
2001
2002
1,170
1,340
0.81
0.85
2003
2004
1,390
1,430
2005
2006
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
50
50
55
125
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Australia
Australia
310
165
190
660
807
Australia
Australia
210
190
Brazil
Brazil
77
144
Canada
Zimbabwe
0.85
0.86
973
807
Australia
Australia
156
213
Brazil
Brazil
55
205
Canada
Mozambique
1,380
870
0.83
0.82
854
478
216
176
Mozambique
Ethiopia
872
1,190
0.85
0.72
441
557
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
81
57
2007
2008
Australia
Australia
Australia
120
120
Rwanda
Rwanda
2009
670
0.59
180
104
Rwanda
2nd
Australia
Brazil
180
180
113
Brazil
Mozambique
Table 68. Global production of refined tellurium, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand kilograms).
Tellurium Refinery Production
Year
World refined
production1,2
1st
Concentration ratio
Refined
production
Country
Refined
production
3rd
Country
Refined
production
Country
1990
1991
67.40
82.91
1.00
1.00
49.70
57.18
Japan
Japan
9.86
13.36
Canada
Peru
7.84
12.37
Peru
Canada
1992
1993
97.59
88.17
1.00
1.00
57.18
46.77
21.78
24.00
Peru
Peru
117.26
175.22
1.00
1.00
47.26
102.00
Canada
Canada
Canada
18.63
17.40
1994
1995
Japan
Japan
Japan
28.00
30.09
Peru
Peru
1996
1997
122.03
109.10
1.00
1.00
59.00
59.00
25.09
24.75
Peru
Peru
1998
1999
2000
122.66
116.38
110.71
1.00
1.00
1.00
62.00
64.00
53.00
Japan
Japan
21.68
17.11
22.02
Peru
Peru
Peru
2001
2002
109.11
89.26
1.00
1.00
2003
2004
95.15
110.00
2005
2006
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
42.00
43.13
37.95
25.26
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Canada
Canada
38.98
35.27
35.69
51.00
39.00
Canada
Canada
39.01
28.66
Japan
Japan
19.11
21.60
Peru
Peru
1.00
1.00
40.00
55.00
Canada
Canada
33.15
33.00
Japan
Japan
22.00
22.00
Peru
Peru
111.88
116.00
0.90
0.91
34.00
37.00
34.00
35.00
Peru
Russia
124.00
127.50
0.89
0.85
41.00
46.50
Russia
Japan
Peru
32.88
34.00
2007
2008
Japan
Peru
Japan
34.00
28.00
Russia
Peru
2009
129.20
0.88
49.20
30.00
Peru
U.S. data is withheld and was not included in total world refined production.
Total does not include data from some major producers.
2nd
Japan
Japan
35.00
34.00
34.00
Russia
Russia
Table 69. Global production of mined tin, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Tin Production
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
World mine
production
221
201
191
190
178
201
220
217
231
246
278
246
235
261
302
296
291
301
257
260
1st
Concentration ratio
0.50
0.50
0.52
0.55
0.59
0.65
0.68
0.69
0.75
0.76
0.80
0.79
0.80
0.82
0.83
0.83
0.84
0.83
0.79
0.80
Mine production
42.0
42.1
43.8
49.1
54.1
61.9
69.6
67.5
70.1
80.1
99.4
95.0
88.1
102.0
118.0
126.0
126.0
146.0
110.0
115.0
2nd
Country
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
Indonesia
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
Mine production
39.1
30.1
29.4
29.0
30.3
46.1
52.3
55.2
54.0
59.2
70.9
61.9
62.0
71.7
67.7
78.4
80.9
66.1
53.2
55.0
Country
Brazil
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Peru
Peru
Indonesia
China
Indonesia
Peru
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
cing countries (thousand metric tons).
3rd
Mine production
28.5
29.3
27.0
26.5
20.3
22.3
27.0
28.0
49.6
47.8
51.6
38.2
38.8
40.2
65.8
42.2
38.5
39.0
39.0
37.5
Country
Malaysia
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Indonesia
Indonesia
Peru
Peru
Peru
Indonesia
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Table 70. Global production of smeltered tin, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric ton
Tin Smelter Production

1st
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
World smelter
production
246
205
218
215
216
223
228
259
247
267
228
289
280
282
306
344
339
346
322
342
Concentration ratio
0.50
0.53
0.54
0.57
0.63
0.65
0.65
0.60
0.65
0.64
0.86
0.65
0.66
0.72
0.67
0.65
0.70
0.72
0.69
0.67
2nd
Smelter production
Country
Smelter production
Country
49.1
42.72
45.60
52.10
67.80
67.70
71.50
67.70
79.30
90.80
112.00
105.00
82.00
98.00
115.00
122.00
132.00
149.00
129.00
135.00
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
37.80
36.40
39.60
40.08
37.99
39.43
39.00
52.66
53.40
49.11
46.43
53.47
67.46
66.28
49.87
65.30
65.36
64.13
53.42
54.00
Brazil
China
China
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
3rd
Smelter production
Country
35.00
30.42
31.92
30.42
31.00
38.63
38.05
34.82
27.20
30.62
37.41
30.42
35.83
39.18
41.61
36.92
40.50
36.00
38.87
38.90
China
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Peru
Peru
Malaysia
Peru
Peru
Peru
Malaysia
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Table 71. Global production of titanium sponge, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three
Titanium Sponge Production

1st
Year
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
World sponge
production
33.00
39.70
51.00
51.00
60.00
48.00
54.00
71.00
72.00
65.30
75.00
96.00
121.00
153.00
155.00
163.00
137.00
Concentration ratio
0.95
0.95
0.96
0.96
0.94
0.87
0.87
0.87
0.86
0.83
0.83
0.82
0.77
0.77
0.77
0.69
0.84
Sponge
production
14.40
16.70
21.10
21.00
24.20
18.90
20.00
24.90
25.20
23.00
23.10
30.80
37.80
45.20
49.60
61.50
57.80
Country
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Russia
Japan
Japan
Russia
Japan
Japan
Japan
China
China
China
China
s, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
nium Sponge Production

2nd
Sponge
production
12.00
16.00
18.00
18.00
22.00
14.00
18.80
23.00
23.00
18.90
23.00
29.00
32.00
38.90
40.90
26.60
31.60
3rd
Country
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Japan
Russia
Russia
Japan
Russia
Russia
Russia
Japan
Japan
Russia
Japan
Sponge
production
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
9.00
8.38
14.00
14.00
12.50
16.50
19.00
23.00
34.20
29.50
25.00
25.80
Country
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Russia
Russia
Japan
Russia
Table 72. Global production of mined tungsten concentrate, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric
tons).
Tungsten Concentrate Production
Year
World mine
production1
1st
Concentration ratio
Mine production
1990
1991
1992
51.90
48.20
42.90
0.82
0.85
0.85
32.00
31.80
25.00
1993
1994
34.30
34.00
0.89
0.94
21.60
27.00
1995
1996
1997
38.50
34.70
33.20
0.88
0.89
0.89
27.40
26.50
25.00
1998
1999
37.00
37.70
0.93
0.96
30.00
31.10
2000
2001
2002
2003
44.00
50.80
66.20
47.20
0.96
0.96
0.95
0.92
37.00
42.10
55.10
36.20
2004
2005
2006
66.30
59.50
56.40
0.97
0.93
0.88
59.90
51.20
45.00
2007
2008
54.10
62.20
0.86
0.89
41.00
50.00
2009
61.30
0.90
51.00
2nd
Country
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
Mine production
8.80
8.00
10.00
8.00
4.00
5.40
3.00
3.00
3.00
3.50
3.50
5.10
5.30
3.64
2.80
2.80
2.80
3.30
3.00
2.50
3rd
Country
USSR
USSR
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Canada
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Mine production
Country
1.54
1.31
1.49
Peru
Austria
Austria
1.00
0.90
N. Korea
N. Korea
0.90
1.41
1.40
N. Korea
Austria
Austria
1.40
1.61
Austria
Austria
1.60
1.43
2.30
3.60
Austria
Austria
Canada
Russia
1.34
1.28
1.98
Austria
Austria
Canada
2.31
2.28
Canada
Canada
1.96
Canada
Table 73. Global production of mined vanadium, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric ton
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
World mine
production1
33.90
31.70
31.60
33.90
34.70
42.10
40.90
40.70
42.50
36.00
40.00
41.30
50.50
47.30
51.40
55.80
57.40
58.00
55.80
50.90
57.00
Vanadium Production (ores, concentrates, and slag)

1st
2nd
Concetration ratio
0.99
0.99
0.95
0.97
0.97
0.97
0.97
0.97
0.97
0.97
0.94
0.91
0.92
0.98
0.98
0.98
0.98
0.98
0.98
0.98
0.98
Mine production
17.10
15.00
14.29
15.10
16.35
16.30
14.77
15.59
18.87
17.61
18.02
18.18
25.23
27.17
23.30
22.60
23.78
23.49
20.30
21.00
22.00
U.S. data withheld and was not included in total world mine production.
Country
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
China
China
Mine production
12.00
12.00
11.00
12.80
11.90
13.70
14.00
15.00
15.50
10.40
12.00
12.00
13.20
13.20
16.00
17.00
17.50
19.00
20.00
14.50
19.00
Country
USSR
USSR
Russia
Russia
Russia
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
Russia
S. Africa
ree producing countries (thousand metric tons).
3rd
Mine production
4.50
4.50
4.70
5.00
5.40
11.00
11.00
9.00
7.00
7.00
7.50
7.50
8.00
5.80
10.90
15.10
15.10
14.50
14.50
14.34
15.00
Country
China
China
China
China
China
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
S. Africa
Russia
Table 74. Global production of ferrovanadium, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric
[FeV, ferrovanadium]
Year
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
World FeV
production
43.6
41.6
44.9
39.7
41.9
37.9
31.1
33.6
40.0
33.7
33.9
Ferrovanadium Production
1st
Concentration ratio
0.98
0.98
0.98
0.97
0.98
0.97
0.93
0.92
0.86
0.92
0.92
FeV production
20.5
18.8
25.2
27.2
25.0
22.0
18.0
19.0
19.0
17.0
18.0
Country
Russia
Russia
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
2nd
FeV production
18.0
18.2
15.1
8.0
13.7
12.9
11.0
12.0
12.0
11.5
11.0
Country
S. Africa
S. Africa
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
ducing countries (thousand metric tons).
3rd
FeV production
4.1
3.6
3.6
3.5
2.2
2.0
0.0
0.0
3.5
2.6
2.2
Country
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Table 75. Global production of mined yttrium, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (metric tons).
Yttrium Production
Year
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
World mine
production
Concentration
ratio
730
1,450
1,600
2,370
2,400
2,400
2,400
2,400
2,400
2,400
2,400
6,080
8,900
8,900
8,900
8,900
8,900
Production in former Soviet Republics:

1994
75
1995
60
1996
120
1997
120
1998
125
1999
125
0.84
0.93
0.91
0.95
0.95
0.95
0.99
1.00
0.99
0.98
0.98
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1st
Mine production
500
1,274
1,400
2,200
2,200
2,200
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
6,000
8,800
8,800
8,800
8,800
8,800
2nd
Country
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
Mine production
60
55
55
30
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
Country
Australia
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
2000
26
producing countries (metric tons).
3rd1
Mine production
50
15
7
15
15
15
11
36
20
5
5
15
15
15
15
15
15
Country
India
Brazil
Malaysia
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Malaysia
Thailand
Thailand
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Table 76. Global production of refined yttrium, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three
producing countries.
Virtually all yttrium is refined in China.
Table 77. Global production of mined zinc, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Zinc Production
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
World mine
production
7,150.00
7,270.00
7,250.00
6,910.00
7,050.00
7,280.00
7,480.00
7,540.00
7,570.00
7,960.00
8,770.00
8,928.25
8,880.00
9,530.00
9,610.00
10,000.00
10,300.00
11,000.00
11,600.00
11,200.00
1st
Concentration ratio
0.39
0.40
0.43
0.40
0.42
0.42
0.46
0.44
0.45
0.45
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.52
0.55
0.55
0.53
Mine production
1,200.00
1,156.58
1,324.68
1,010.00
1,010.71
1,121.17
1,222.39
1,200.00
1,270.00
1,480.00
1,780.00
1,700.00
1,550.00
2,030.00
2,390.00
2,550.00
2,840.00
3,040.00
3,200.00
3,100.00
2nd
Country
Canada
Canada
Canada
Australia
Canada
Canada
Canada
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
Mine production
940.00
1,024.00
1,025.00
1,004.37
995.00
1,010.00
1,120.00
1,076.39
1,061.65
1,163.00
1,420.00
1,519.00
1,469.00
1,479.00
1,334.00
1,367.00
1,362.00
1,514.00
1,603.00
1,509.13
Country
Australia
Australia
Australia
Canada
Australia
China
China
Canada
Canada
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Peru
Peru
oducing countries (thousand metric tons).
3rd
Mine production
619.00
750.00
758.00
775.00
990.00
937.00
1,071.00
1,036.00
1,059.00
963.32
1,002.24
1,056.63
1,233.00
1,372.79
1,209.01
1,202.67
1,203.79
1,444.35
1,519.13
1,290.00
Country
China
China
China
China
China
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Canada
Canada
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Peru
Australia
Australia
Table 78. Global production of smeltered zinc, three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
World smelter
production
7,180.00
7,310.00
7,260.00
7,360.00
7,330.00
7,370.00
7,610.00
7,920.00
8,120.00
8,550.00
9,020.00
9,320.00
9,480.00
10,100.00
10,600.00
10,300.00
10,800.00
11,400.00
11,700.00
11,400.00
Concentration
ratio
0.31
0.31
0.30
0.31
0.33
0.34
0.33
0.35
0.36
0.37
0.38
0.36
0.38
0.37
0.40
0.41
0.43
0.46
0.47
0.50
Zinc Smelter Production

1st
Smelter
production
890.00
800.00
780.60
857.00
1,000.00
1,080.00
1,180.00
1,430.00
1,490.00
1,700.00
1,980.00
2,040.00
2,100.00
2,320.00
2,720.00
2,780.00
3,170.00
3,740.00
4,000.00
4,360.00
Country
USSR
USSR
Japan
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
2nd
Smelter
production
732.00
778.70
719.00
744.57
713.03
720.35
715.55
703.80
745.13
776.93
779.89
648.05
793.41
761.20
805.44
724.04
824.46
802.10
764.32
685.50
Country
Japan
Japan
China
Japan
Japan
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Japan
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
oducing countries (thousand metric tons).
3rd
Smelter
production
592.00
660.55
671.70
659.88
690.97
711.05
642.27
650.21
652.29
683.62
698.75
661.17
673.91
686.12
668.67
675.22
662.52
690.00
738.00
643.00
Country
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Japan
Canada
Japan
Japan
S. Korea
Japan
S. Korea
S. Korea
S. Korea
Japan
Table 79. Global production of mined zirconium, the three leading producing countries, and the concentration ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).
Zirconium Production
Year
World mine
production1,2
1st
Concentration ratio
Mine production
2nd
Country
Mine production
3rd
Country
Mine production
Country
1990
852.00
0.80
437.00
Australia
151.50
S. Africa
90.00
USSR
1991
1992
795.00
856.00
0.76
0.79
292.00
355.00
230.00
243.00
USSR
Ukraine
796.00
897.00
918.00
0.91
0.91
0.91
414.00
511.00
518.00
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
80.00
75.00
1993
1994
1995
Australia
Australia
Australia
S. Africa
S. Africa
70.00
65.00
60.00
Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine
1996
1997
894.00
822.00
0.91
0.91
1998
1999
732.00
673.00
2000
2001
Australia
Australia
243.00
240.00
260.00
502.00
416.00
Australia
Australia
260.00
265.30
S. Africa
S. Africa
55.00
65.00
Ukraine
Ukraine
0.90
0.90
369.00
359.00
Australia
Australia
265.00
219.00
S. Africa
S. Africa
25.00
27.16
Ukraine
Brazil
731.00
745.00
0.90
0.90
374.00
393.00
Australia
Australia
253.00
245.00
S. Africa
S. Africa
30.00
33.60
Ukraine
Ukraine
2002
2003
973.00
1,040.00
0.90
0.88
429.00
462.00
S. Africa
Australia
412.00
404.00
Australia
S. Africa
35.00
50.00
China
China
2004
2005
1,070.00
1,060.00
0.87
0.87
441.00
427.00
368.00
376.00
China
China
1,240.00
1,410.00
1,310.00
0.86
0.81
0.84
492.00
601.00
550.00
S. Africa
S. Africa
S. Africa
120.00
120.00
2006
2007
2008
Australia
Australia
Australia
S. Africa
S. Africa
135.00
140.00
140.00
China
China
China
2009
2010
1,180.00
1,250.00
0.84
0.85
476.00
518.00
S. Africa
S. Africa
130.00
140.00
China
China
Australia
Australia
435.00
405.00
405.00
Australia
Australia
390.00
400.00
U.S. production data is withheld and was not included in world mine production after 1992.
The United States was the third highest producer at 102,000 metric tons (1990) and 103,000 metric tons (1991).
Table 80. Statistics on U.S. usage of select mined mineral commodities (thousand metric tons).
[--, no data; NA, not available; W, withheld; %, percent]
Alumina
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
Antimony
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
Barite
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
2005
2006
5,750
5,220
1,210
1,860
5,240
5,030
1,540
1,860
Australia
Suriname
Jamaica
50%
30%
6%
86%
2005
Australia
Suriname
Canada
%
2,966
489
93
2,570
%
0.15
--0.15
72.1%
19.6%
8.3%
100%
2005
48%
23%
6%
77%
2006
0.20
--0.20
China
Hong Kong
Peru
Bolivia
China
Belgium
85%
13.1%
2%
100%
2006
%
3,047
589
72
2,530
Import sources:
1st
2nd
China
India
88.7%
10.7%
China
India
93.3%
5.5%
3rd
Morocco
0.8%
100%
Morocco
0.8%
99.6%
Bauxite
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
2005
Beryllium
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
2006
11,766
-34
11,800
Jamaica
Brazil
Guinea
11,580
-20
11,600
34.4%
26.7%
20.8%
81.9%
2005
Jamaica
Guinea
Brazil
39.1%
22.5%
14.1%
75.8%
2006
0.16
0.11
--NA
NA
NA
%
0.18
0.16
---
-----
NA
NA
NA
-----
Bromine
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
Chromium
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
Copper
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
2005
2006
W
226
W
243
2.91
2.74
4.47
0.81
NA
NA
NA
---0%
2005
NA
NA
NA
---0%
2006
W
-13.70
52.90
South Africa
Canada
NA
2005
W
-17.40
53.80
99%
1%
-100%
South Africa
Canada
China
2006
153,863.22
154,000
137
0.22
Mexico
Canada
NA
99%
0.9%
0%
99.9%
%
162,892.19
163,000
108
0.19
99%
1%
--
Canada
Other
NA
99%
1%
--
100%
Feldspar
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
Gold
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
2005
100%
2006
761
750
15.20
26.20
Turkey
Mexico
Other
Canada
Australia
Mexico
754.78
760
10.40
5.18
76%
23%
1%
100%
2005
Mexico
Other
NA
98%
2%
-100%
2006
0.26
0.26
0.25
0.25
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.001
98%
2%
0%
100%
Canada
Burkina Faso
Australia
94%
4%
2%
100%
Graphite
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
Iodine
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
Iron
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
2005
2006
42.40
--
30.40
--
22.100
64.500
22.200
52.600
China
Mexico
Canada
52%
23%
15%
90%
2005
China
Mexico
Canada
41%
30%
18%
89%
2006
0.83
-2.66
6.25
Chile
Japan
France
0.62
-1.58
5.64
77.6%
21.6%
0.5%
99.7%
2005
76.8%
22.3%
0.6%
99.7%
2006
182,036
176,000
150
6,186
Canada
Brazil
Chile
Chile
Japan
France
%
173,724
169,000
106
4,830
37%
44%
7%
Brazil
Canada
Trinidad & Tobago
60%
27%
6%
88%
Lead
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
2005
Lithium
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
2005
Magnesium compounds
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
93%
2006
131
429
298
--
144
444
300
--
NA
NA
NA
----
NA
NA
NA
Chile
Argentina
NA
60%
40%
-100%
2006
-W
21.80
15.00
China
%
2.50
W
1.50
3.26
76%
24%
-100%
2005
----
2006
2.50
W
1.72
3.58
Chile
Argentina
NA
%
-W
9.02
15.20
35%
China
52%
2nd
3rd
Japan
Israel
29%
16%
80%
Israel
Japan
19%
18%
89%
Manganese
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
Mercury
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
Mica
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
2005
2006
368
--
365
--
13.50
656
2.24
572
Gabon
South Africa
Australia
75%
10%
6%
91%
2005
Gabon
South Africa
Colombia
%
--0.39
0.09
Peru
Chile
Israel
60%
15%
14%
89%
2005
44%
34%
6%
84%
2006
--0.32
0.21
Russia
Peru
Germany
54%
23%
15%
92%
2006
226.00
198.00
10.80
38.80
NA
NA
NA
%
271.28
233.00
8.62
46.90
----
NA
NA
NA
----
--
Molybdenum
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
Niobium
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
2005
--
2006
23.50
58.00
46.40
11.90
33.50
59.80
37.20
10.90
Chile
Mexico
Canada
41%
29%
24%
94%
2005
Chile
Mexico
Canada
46%
32%
12%
90%
2006
--0.043
0.010
United Kingdom
China
India
%
--0.069
0.005
80%
10%
10%
100%
Brazil
China
Singapore
70%
21%
5%
96%
Perlite
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
Phosphate rock
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
Potash
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
2005
2006
770
606
731
516
32
196
30
245
Greece
NA
NA
100%
--100%
2005
Greece
NA
NA
Morocco
NA
NA
%
32,620
30,200
-2,420
100%
--100%
2005
100%
--100%
2006
37,830
35,200
-2,630
Morocco
NA
NA
100%
--100%
2006
10,000
2,500
569
8,110
Canada
Belarus
Russia
%
9,000
2,400
809
7,380
87%
5%
5%
Canada
Belarus
Russia
85%
9%
2%
97%
Silver
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
Tantalum
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
2005
96%
2006
-1.23
0.00
0.00
Canada
NA
NA
-1.16
0.00
100%
--100%
2005
NA
NA
NA
---0%
2006
0.21
-0.17
0.38
Australia
Canada
China
%
0.08
-0.25
0.32
78.6%
21.4%
0%
100%
Australia
Canada
Nigeria
76%
21%
2%
99%
Titanium
Consumption
Production
2005
2006
1,720
300
1,870
300
20.90
1,190
32.80
1,230
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
Ilmenite
1st
2nd
3rd
Australia
Other
NA
88%
12%
-100%
Australia
Other
NA
68%
32%
-100%
Titaniferous slag
1st
2nd
3rd
South Africa
Canada
Other
71%
25%
4%
100%
South Africa
Canada
Other
74%
23%
3%
100%
Rutile, natural
1st
2nd
3rd
South Africa
Australia
Ukraine
74%
19%
3%
96%
South Africa
Australia
Sierra Leone
54%
24%
3%
81%
Australia
Malaysia
Other
87%
8%
5%
100%
Australia
Malaysia
Other
70%
9%
21%
100%
Rutile, synthetic
1st
2nd
3rd
Tungsten
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
2005
%
W
-0.05
2.08
2006
%
W
-0.13
2.29
Import sources:
1st
2nd
Portugal
Bolivia
37%
26%
Bolivia
Portugal
37%
31%
3rd
Canada
13%
76%
Canada
9%
77%
Zinc
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
2005
2006
W
748
W
727
786
156.00
Peru
Australia
Irland
825
383.00
61%
22%
10%
93%
Peru
Australia
Irland
MCS, Mineral Commodity Summaries are available at http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/mcs/.
62%
18%
11%
91%
2007
2008
6,010
4,240
1,160
2,440
34%
25%
16%
75%
37%
21%
18%
76%
2008
Australia
Suriname
Brazil
61.5%
24.3%
9.7%
95.6%
Bolivia
China
Canada
2007
2008
%
0.17
--0.17
53.7%
45.1%
1.2%
100%
%
2,506
648
62
1,920
26%
15%
14%
55%
2009
0.16
--0.16
Bolivia
China
Italy
%
3,660
2,370
946
1,860
Australia
Brazil
Jamaica
0.23
W
-0.23
2,980
455
15
2,540
2009
5,490
4,300
1,150
2,530
Australia
Jamaica
Brazil
2007
Bolivia
Italy
China
49.7%
25.7%
24%
99.4%
2009
%
906
383
49
572
China
India
98.4%
1.7%
China
India
96.9%
2.5%
China
India
87.8%
7.3%
Germany
0%
100%
Mexico
0.5%
99.9%
Morocco
3.8%
98.9%
2007
2008
9,825
-15
9,840
Jamaica
Guinea
Brazil
Jamaica
Guinea
Brazil
Jamaica
Guinea
Brazil
NA
NA
NA
45.9%
27.4%
20.2%
93.5%
2009
0.22
0.18
--100%
--100%
%
6,961
-9
6,970
42.2%
22.4%
18.5%
83%
2008
0.19
0.15
-0.00050
South Africa
NA
NA
2009
10,486
-14
10,500
45.2%
19.9%
14.3%
79.5%
2007
%
0.15
0.12
-0.00072
-----
Uganda
NA
NA
100%
--100%
2007
2008
W
W
W
W
W
W
-2.27
6.14
1.95
3.81
1.39
NA
NA
NA
---0%
2007
Israel
NA
NA
95%
--95%
2008
W
-12.00
46.40
South Africa
Canada
China
2007
Israel
NA
NA
95%
--95%
2009
W
-2.28
64.30
99%
0.9%
0%
99.9%
South Africa
NA
NA
2008
137,866.84
138,000
134
0.84
Canada
Peru
United Kingdom
2009
W
-0.74
23.00
100%
--100%
South Africa
NA
NA
2009
155,699.64
156,000
301
0.64
78%
21%
1%
Canada
Peru
NA
100%
--100%
%
148,849.14
149,000
151
0.14
63%
37%
--
Canada
NA
NA
100%
---
100%
2007
100%
2008
723.59
730
9.98
3.57
Mexico
Canada
Germany
Canada
Guatemala
Mexico
2009
637.43
650
14.60
2.03
74.8%
23.3%
1.1%
99.2%
2007
100%
Mexico
Germany
Australia
544.60
550
7.52
2.12
76.4%
11%
6.8%
94.2%
2008
Mexico
Germany
United Kingdom
58.5%
39.4%
2%
99.9%
2009
0.24
0.24
0.26
0.23
0.27
0.22
0.003
0.001
0.002
0.028
0.002
0.047
49%
42%
5%
96%
Mexico
Canada
Australia
99%
0.1%
0.1%
100%
Mexico
Canada
Ghana
99%
0.2%
0.2%
100%
2007
2008
2009
42.90
--
50.35
--
21.70
--
15.700
58.600
7.950
58.300
11.400
33.100
China
Canada
Mexico
48%
22%
21%
91%
2007
China
Canada
Mexico
Chile
Japan
France
China
Mexico
Canada
Chile
Japan
France
2008
169,138
166,000
108
3,246
Brazil
Canada
Chile
%
0.53
-1.16
5.19
84%
15.3%
0.7%
100%
Chile
Japan
India
82.7%
16.8%
0.4%
99.9%
2009
175,955
173,000
323
3,278
60%
24%
9%
46%
22%
19%
87%
2009
0.69
-0.95
6.30
80.7%
18.3%
1%
100%
2007
48%
22%
20%
90%
2008
0.63
-1.06
6.06
Brazil
Canada
Chile
81,413
80,800
152
765
61%
20%
7%
Canada
Chile
Brazil
32%
27%
20%
93%
2007
88%
2008
133
410
277
-----
Chile
Argentina
NA
China
%
1.30
W
0.92
1.89
Argentina
Chile
China
67%
31%
1%
99%
2009
-W
21.00
15.80
45%
----
2009
53%
47%
-100%
2008
-W
11.70
9.00
China
NA
NA
NA
2.30
W
1.45
3.16
58%
42%
-100%
2007
----
2008
%
70
369
299
--
NA
NA
NA
2.40
W
1.44
3.14
Chile
Argentina
NA
2009
119
406
287
--
NA
NA
NA
2007
79%
%
-W
10.50
6.27
88%
China
53%
Israel
Japan
24%
22%
91%
Israel
Japan
6%
3%
97%
Israel
Japan
27%
8%
88%
2007
2008
2009
351
--
464
--
422
--
29.00
602
48.30
571
15.30
269
Gabon
South Africa
Australia
57%
18%
12%
87%
2007
Gabon
Australia
Brazil
Peru
Canada
Germany
Gabon
Ghana
Australia
Peru
Germany
Canada
229.99
196.00
9.01
43.00
Peru
Chile
Germany
NA
NA
NA
45%
43%
7%
95%
2009
199.70
182.00
11.10
28.80
----
%
--0.75
0.21
88%
9%
3%
100%
2008
63%
24%
10%
97%
2009
--0.73
0.16
51%
28%
21%
100%
2007
63%
18%
12%
93%
2008
--0.08
0.07
NA
NA
NA
%
139.25
127.00
9.15
21.40
----
NA
NA
NA
----
--
2007
--
2008
35.60
57.00
33.80
12.40
31%
29%
22%
82%
31%
24%
23%
78%
2008
Canada
Chile
Mexico
100%
China
27%
25%
25%
77%
2009
--0.063
0.016
100%
%
25.72
47.80
29.60
7.52
Mexico
Canada
Chile
--0.163
0.001
China
2009
33.40
55.90
32.70
10.20
Mexico
Canada
Chile
2007
--
%
--0.017
0.005
100%
100%
China
Netherlands
99%
1%
100%
2007
2008
2009
717
516
674
524
424
304
28
229
37
187
33
153
Greece
NA
NA
100%
--100%
2007
Greece
NA
NA
Morocco
NA
NA
Greece
NA
NA
Morocco
NA
NA
10,000
2,600
510
8,190
Morocco
NA
NA
Canada
Russia
Belarus
100%
--100%
2009
11,000
2,500
694
9,560
89%
8%
1%
%
27,500
25,500
-2,000
100%
--100%
2008
100%
--100%
2009
31,650
28,900
-2,750
100%
--100%
2007
100%
--100%
2008
33,770
31,100
-2,670
Canada
Belarus
Chile
%
4,600
1,700
705
3,670
85%
10%
2%
Canada
Russia
Germany
88%
5%
2%
98%
2007
97%
2008
-1.28
0.02
0.00
Israel
Guatemala
NA
Israel
NA
NA
Israel
NA
NA
Australia
Canada
Mozambique
100%
--100%
2009
0.26
-0.10
0.36
73%
22%
5%
100%
%
-1.25
0.12
0.00
100%
--100%
2008
0.15
-0.15
0.29
Australia
Canada
Mozambique
2009
-1.25
0.13
0.00
61%
39%
-100%
2007
95%
%
0.02
-0.09
0.11
67%
17%
15%
99%
Mozambique
Canada
Australia
49%
33%
18%
100%
2007
2008
2009
1,950
300
1,440
200
1,360
200
9.73
1,460
14.90
1,380
14.80
943
Australia
Other
NA
93%
7%
-100%
Australia
Mozambique
South Africa
50%
23%
20%
93%
Mozambique
Australia
Other
48%
42%
10%
100%
South Africa
Canada
Other
63%
26%
11%
100%
South Africa
Canada
NA
77%
23%
-100%
South Africa
Canada
NA
74%
26%
-100%
South Africa
Australia
Sierra Leone
45%
38%
7%
90%
South Africa
Australia
Canada
48%
37%
11%
96%
Australia
South Africa
Other
54%
34%
12%
100%
Australia
Malaysia
Other
76%
6%
18%
100%
Australia
Malaysia
Other
91%
6%
3%
100%
Australia
Malaysia
Other
86%
9%
5%
100%
2007
%
W
W
0.11
3.88
2008
%
W
W
0.50
3.99
2009
%
W
W
0.04
3.59
Bolivia
Canada
30%
21%
Bolivia
Canada
28%
24%
Bolivia
Canada
25%
24%
Portugal
19%
70%
Portugal
21%
73%
Portugal
21%
70%
2007
2008
W
803
2009
W
778
816
271.00
Peru
Mexico
Irland
W
736
725
63.20
67%
14%
9%
90%
Peru
Irland
Mexico
785
74.20
69%
14%
12%
95%
Peru
Ireland
Mexico
75%
16%
7%
98%
Comments
Calcined equivalent.
Comments
Exports include antimonial metal, alloys, and waste and scrap.

Imports include ores and concentrates, metal content.
Comments
Crude barite, sold or used by producers.
Mostly crude barite.
Comments
Crude and dry.

Crude and dry.
Comments
Ore consumption, based on mine shipments.
Mine shipments, ore.
Comments
Elemental bromine, Br equivalent.

Elementla bromine, Br equivalent.
Comments
Ores and concentrate.
Comments
Ores and concentrate, Cu content.

Ores and concentrate, Cu content.
Comments
Not including nepheline syenite.
Comments
Comments
Comments
Crude.
Iodine, crude/resublimed.
Iodine, crude.
Comments
iron ore and agglomerates.
Crude ore production.
Concentrates, coarse ores, and fine ores.
Concentrates, coarse ores, and fine ores.
Comments
Ores and concentrate.

No imports of ores and concentrate.
Comments
Compounds of Li content.
Compounds of Li content.
Comments
Crude magnesite.
Crude magnesite.
Crude magnesite.
Comments
Manganese ore (20%r or more Mn).
Comments
Gross weight.
Gross weight.
Comments
Production of scrap and flake mica and ground mica.
Exports of crude and rifted mica + mica powder and waste+ worked mica.
Imports of crude and rifted mica + mica powder and waste + worked mica.
Comments
Including roasted and other concentrates.

Including roasted and other concentrates.
Comments
Ores and concentrates, gross mass.

Ores and concentrates, gross mass.
Comments
Crude ore mined and stockpiled for processing.
Comments
Marketable phosphate rock (gross weight).
Comments
Gross weight.
Gross weight.
Gross weight.
Comments
Comments
Includes natural and synthetic tantalum ore and concentrates, Ta content.

Includes natural and synthetic tantalum ore and concentrates, Ta content.
Comments
Concentrate.
Mineral concentrate.
Comments
Ores and concentrates.

Ores and concentrates.
Comments
Based on MCS1 import sources

Table 81. Statistics on U.S. usage of select processed mineral commodities.

[--, no data; mt, metric tons; kg, kilograms; NA, not available; W, withheld; %, percent]
Aluminum (000mt)
Consumption
Production
Primary
Secondary
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
Antimony (mt)
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1st
2nd
3rd
Bismuth (mt)
Consumption
Production
Exports
2005
2006
6,530
--
5,700
--
2,481
3,030
2,370
5,330
2,284
4,380
2,820
5,180
Canada
Russia
China
51.4%
16.5%
3.6%
71.5%
2005
Canada
Russia
China
2006
9,140
3,620
740
6,370
China
Mexico
Belgium
%
10,500
3,520
459
7,260
60.8%
14.1%
11.0%
85.9%
2005
54.6%
13.9%
4.3%
72.9%
China
Peru
Mexico
69.8%
11.7%
11.0%
92.5%
2006
2,390
--
1,960
--
142
311
Imports
Import sources:
Boron (000mt)
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
2,530
Belgium
41.5%
Belgium
38.1%
China
Mexico
26.4%
19.0%
86.8%
Mexico
United Kingdom
24.0%
17.7%
79.7%
2005
2005
Turkey
Chile
Bolivia
%
530
723
483
180
33.7%
18.4%
14.4%
66.5%
%
548,000
W
55.1%
24.2%
8.9%
88.2%
2006
2,060
1,470
686
288
2005
%
W
W
221
85
46.1%
29.1%
8.9%
84.0%
Mexico
Australia
Canada
Chromium (mt)
Ferrochromium
Consumption
Production
2006
W
W
183
52
Turkey
Chile
Peru
Cadmium (mt)
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
2,300
Australia
Canada
India
48.9%
19.0%
12.8%
80.7%
2006
%
589,000
W
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
264,000
South Africa
Kazakhstan
Russia
249,000
0.36212121
0.31325758
0.16287879
83.8%
South Africa
Kazakhstan
Russia
39.4%
28.6%
15.2%
83.2%
Stainless Steel
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
Cobalt (mt)
Consumption
Reported
Apparent
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
1,480,000
373,000
1,500,000
419,000
371,000
770,000
410,000
872,000
2005
%
--
9,150
11,800
9,280
11,000
2,440
9,350
2,850
9,950
Norway
Russia
Canada
Copper (mt)
Consumption
Reported
Apparent
Production
Smelter
Refinery
Secondary
Copper-Sulfate
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
2006
--
28.6%
18.2%
8.7%
55.5%
2005
%
2,270,000
2,420,000
2,762,175
523,575
1,260,000
953,000
25,600
39,500
1,000,000
Russia
Norway
China
26.4%
22.4%
12.2%
61.0%
2006
%
2,110,000
2,200,000
2,740,076
501,576
1,250,000
969,000
19,500
106,000
1,070,000
Chile
Canada
Peru
42.9%
29.6%
15.4%
Chile
Canada
Peru
48.7%
23.9%
14.8%
87.9%
Gallium (kg)
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
2005
%
20,300
---
15,800
26,900
27.2%
15.7%
13.3%
56.1%
2005
China
Ukraine
Germany
21.5%
20.0%
17.1%
58.6%
2006
27,800
---
55,000
---
16,700
24,100
Belgium
China
Germany
Gold
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
2006
18,700
---
Japan
Russia
Hungary
Germanium (kg)
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
87.4%
54.3%
18.6%
13.8%
86.6%
2005
%
196,800
256,000
182,000
105,000
Belgium
Germany
China
47.3%
20.0%
15.6%
82.9%
2006
%
205,270
252,000
228,000
136,000
Canada
Mexico
Brazil
59.6%
16.0%
10.2%
85.8%
Canada
Mexico
Brazil
51.2%
33.0%
5.0%
89.2%
Indium (mt)
Consumption
Production
2005
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
%
----
142
China
Japan
Canada
Iron & Steel (000 mt)

Consumption
Production
Iron
Pig iron
Direct reduced iron
Raw steel
Exports
Iron
Pig iron
Direct reduced iron
Steel mill products
Imports
Iron
Pig iron
Direct reduced iron
Steel mill products
Import sources:
2006
----
100
42.5%
22.5%
9.3%
74.3%
2005
China
Canada
Japan
38.4%
22.1%
18.0%
78.5%
2006
109
120
37,420
37,200
220
94,900
38,140
37,900
240
98,200
51
51
< 500mt
8,520
16,700
8,200
6,030
2,170
29,100
813
813
< 500mt
8,830
24,100
9,340
6,730
2,610
41,100
Canada
Mexico
Brazil
European Union
18.4%
12.8%
8.0%
18.1%
Canada
China
Mexico/Russia
European Union
13.1%
11.9%
8.0%
13.8%
57.4%
Lead (mt)
2005
Consumption
Production
Primary
Secondary
Exports
Imports
Base Bullion
Import sources:
2006
1,490,000
1,313,000
153,000
1,160,000
366,500
--
539
-- Canada
-- Colombia
---
83.3%
16.7%
-100.0%
NA
298,000
Canada
Australia
Peru
1,490,000
1,293,000
143,000
1,150,000
454,600
NA
NA
NA
Pig & Bars (Lead content)

Import sources:
46.9%
331,000
63.8%
13.3%
8.0%
85.1%
Canada
China
Peru
67.1%
12.6%
10.5%
90.1%
Magnesium Compounds (000 mt)

Consumption
Production
2005
%
--
Caustic-calcined and specified magnes

Refractory magnesia
Exports
Refractory magnesia
Imports
Import sources:
Refractory magnesia
Import sources:
-133
W
5
25
6
20
152
163
63.4%
26.9%
3.8%
94.1%
China
Canada
Hong Kong
478
China
Brazil
Hong Kong
77.9%
11.5%
7.7%
97.1%
433
81.6%
5.9%
4.4%
91.8%
2005
China
Austria
Austrialia
83.1%
7.0%
4.6%
94.8%
2006
82,100
73,300
9,650
84,700
Canada
Israel
Russia
137
W
China
Canada
Brazil
Magnesium (mt)
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
2006
%
77,600
94,900
12,300
75,300
46.1%
17.2%
15.0%
78.4%
Canada
Russia
Israel
52.7%
17.3%
14.0%
83.9%
Manganese Compounds (mt)

Consumption
2005
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
%
W
2,670
32,390
W
3,900
32,900
47.0%
34.0%
8.6%
89.5%
2005
China
South Africa
Canada
China
Chile
Canada
58.5%
25.0%
7.8%
91.2%
2006
199,000
237,520
63,230
159,000
Canada
Russia
Norway
%
19,000
78,000
2,010
3,060
74.8%
9.4%
7.7%
92.0%
2005
66.6%
23.7%
3.1%
93.4%
2006
18,900
78,500
2,090
4,050
China
Canada
Chile
Nickel (mt)
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
%
1,060
China
South Africa
Spain
Molybdenum (mt)
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
2006
773
%
205,000
245,360
67,350
173,000
41.1%
14.0%
12.2%
67.3%
Canada
Russia
Australia
42.1%
16.9%
9.0%
67.9%
Niobium (mt)
Consumption
2005
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
Brazil
Canada
Germany
2006
7,430
10,100
-337
8,360
-561
12,840
88.5%
10.2%
1.3%
100.0%
Brazil
Canada
Germany
91.5%
7.6%
0.5%
99.6%
Platinum Group Metals (kg)

Consumption
Palladium
2005
Platinum
Production
Palladium
Platinum
Exports
Iridium osmium, and ruthenium
Palladium
Platinum
Rhodium
Imports
Iridium
Import sources:
2006
126,000
80,500
89,600
72,700
5,220
6,360
5,660
6,870
1,070
27,000
20,700
615
3,390
53,100
45,500
1,600
3,010
2,800
United Kingdom
South Africa
Germany
Osmium
Import sources:
48.2%
38.2%
13.4%
99.8%
United Kingdom
South Africa
Germany
39
Russia
South Africa
Germany/China
Palladium
Import sources:
56
53.8%
25.6%
10.3%
89.7%
South Africa
China
Germany
139,000
Russia
South Africa
United Kingdom
47.1%
32.3%
13.6%
93.0%
71.4%
16.1%
12.5%
100.0%
119,000
46.2%
23.3%
15.2%
84.8%
Russia
United Kingdom
South Africa
36.8%
22.1%
20.7%
79.6%
Platinum
Import sources:
106,000
South Africa
United Kingdom
Canada
Rhodium
Import sources:
37.9%
16.9%
10.2%
65.1%
South Africa
Germany
United Kingdom
13,600
South Africa
United Kingdom
Russia
Ruthenium
Import sources:
2005
57.4%
22.9%
6.7%
86.9%
South Africa
United Kingdom
Belgium
53.0%
21.3%
7.9%
82.2%
36,000
63.4%
27.4%
6.9%
97.7%
%
582
-636
733,000
China
Japan
Austria
33.3%
20.6%
12.8%
66.8%
15,900
23,200
South Africa
Germany
United Kingdom
REE (kg)
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
114,000
South Africa
Germany
Russia
65.3%
28.3%
2.4%
96.0%
2006
%
742
-611
723,000
90.6%
4.2%
3.9%
98.7%
China
Japan
United Kingdom
92.9%
4.3%
2.6%
99.9%
Rhenium (kg)
Consumption
2005
%
30,200
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
2006
%
40,200
7,900
-21,800
Chile
Germany
United Kingdom
8,100
-22,000
89.9%
6.1%
2.5%
98.6%
Chile
Germany
United Kingdom
89.5%
5.0%
3.5%
98.0%
Selinium (kg)
Consumption
Production
2005
-W
254,000
575,000
Belgium
Canada
Philippines
204,000
398,000
52.9%
17.9%
7.2%
78.0%
2005
Belgium
Japan
Canada
37.4%
14.3%
14.2%
66.0%
2006
275
145
23
152
Brazil
South Africa
Canada
Silver
Consumption
Production (mt)
Exports (kg)
Imports (kg)
Import sources:
-W
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
Silicon (000 mt)

Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
2006
2005
W
W
27
146
41.0%
22.8%
17.6%
81.5%
%
Brazil
South Africa
Canada
2006
-2,530
338,000
3,880,000
Mexico
Canada
Peru
36.8%
26.1%
18.4%
81.4%
%
-2,210
1,670,000
4,280,000
49.2%
33.2%
13.2%
95.7%
Mexico
Canada
Peru
53.7%
34.3%
9.6%
97.7%
Strontium (mt)
Consumption
Production
2005
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
8,830
--
-770
699
617
62.9%
23.5%
13.1%
99.5%
2005
Japan
China
South Korea
Germany
Kazakhstan
Japan
17.3%
14.5%
13.6%
45.4%
2006
-W
51,000
42,200
Belgium
Canada
China
%
498
-702
835
37.6%
12.6%
11.0%
61.2%
2005
64.8%
21.2%
12.5%
98.6%
2006
852
-809
1,242
China
Japan
Kazakhstan
Tellurium (kg)
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
---
Japan
China
South Korea
Tantalum (mt)
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
2006
%
-W
3,550
31,100
55.7%
27.3%
12.4%
95.4%
Belgium
Canada
China
58.5%
23.8%
11.2%
93.6%
Tin (mt)
Consumption
Production
2005
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
37,680
11,600
4,330
37,500
5,490
43,300
48.8%
14.4%
13.9%
77.1%
2005
Peru
Bolivia
Indonesia
Kazakhstan
Japan
Ukraine
50.8%
33.1%
6.8%
90.7%
2006
-W
-52
2,080
Portugal
Bolivia
Canada
%
28,400
-1,380
24,400
53.1%
39.2%
6.2%
98.5%
2005
49.9%
18.8%
10.6%
79.4%
2006
26,100
-1,910
15,800
Kazakhstan
Japan
Russia
Tungsten (mt)
Concentrates
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
40,570
11,700
Peru
Bolivia
Indonesia
Titanium (mt)
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
2006
%
-W
-130
2,290
36.7%
26.3%
13.0%
Bolivia
Portugal
Rwanda
36.9%
31.1%
10.0%
APT
Consumption
Production
76.0%
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
9,530
W
11,300
W
774
1,920
350
2,900
China
Germany
Hong Kong
Vanadium (mt)
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
Import sources:
93.2%
3.6%
3.1%
99.9%
2005
China
Germany
Russia
92.1%
6.5%
0.9%
99.5%
2006
3,910
-500
11,900
Czech Republic
Swaziland
Canada
Zinc (mt)
Consumption
Production
Exports
Imports
78.0%
2005
4,030
-515
2,140
92.4%
3.0%
1.6%
97.1%
%
466,000
351,000
784
700,000
Czech Republic
Canada
South Korea
2006
68.2%
11.9%
11.2%
91.3%
%
501,000
269,000
2,530
895,000
2007
2008
2009
5,170
--
3,940
--
3,320
--
2,554
4,120
2,840
4,490
2,658
3,630
3,280
4,200
1,727
2,820
2,710
4,110
Canada
Russia
China
59.9%
11.0%
4.5%
75.4%
2007
Canada
Russia
China
2008
9,690
3,480
305
5,920
China
Mexico
Belgium
Canada
Russia
China
China
Mexico
Peru
%
6,770
3,020
385
4,750
73.6%
12.3%
6.1%
92.0%
2008
62.5%
9.0%
6.1%
77.7%
2009
8,140
3,180
366
7,050
63.7%
10.9%
10.4%
85.0%
2007
64.3%
8.0%
4.1%
76.4%
China
Mexico
Peru
64.0%
24.6%
4.5%
93.1%
2009
2,630
--
1,090
--
820
--
421
375
397
3,070
1,930
1,250
United Kingdom
36.2%
China
51.7%
China
44.3%
Belgium
China
33.2%
14.2%
83.6%
Belgium
United Kingdom
26.4%
9.6%
87.7%
Belgium
South Korea
36.0%
6.0%
86.3%
2007
2008
W
W
248
67
Turkey
Chile
Bolivia
Turkey
Chile
Bolivia
2007
%
493,000
W
Turkey
Chile
Russia
Canada
Australia
Mexico
%
432,000
W
%
199
633
661
122
32.2%
25.9%
20.3%
78.4%
2008
50.7%
18.1%
12.1%
81.0%
2009
528
777
421
197
61.1%
10.8%
8.1%
79.9%
%
W
W
171
36
71.7%
13.3%
5.0%
89.9%
2008
594
735
424
316
Mexico
Australia
Canada
2009
W
W
303
50
64.2%
19.1%
10.8%
94.0%
2007
Australia
Peru
Canada
31.1%
19.7%
17.8%
68.6%
2009
%
160,000
W
998,000
297,000
242,000
South Africa
Kazakhstan
Russia
49.2%
32.1%
9.0%
90.3%
South Africa
Kazakhstan
Russia
411,000
137,000
36.4%
27.2%
14.0%
77.5%
South Africa
Kazakhstan
Russia
50.9%
22.8%
20.7%
94.5%
1,430,000
360,000
1,330,000
324,000
1,260,000
276,000
476,000
809,000
471,000
783,000
414,000
416,000
2007
2008
--
2009
--
%
--
9,320
9,630
8,810
10,100
7,460
7,520
3,100
8,960
2,850
8,430
2,440
7,680
Norway
Russia
Canada
22.0%
17.3%
15.5%
54.8%
2007
%
2,140,000
2,270,000
2,875,320
617,720
1,310,000
925,000
22,600
51,100
829,000
Norway
China
Russia
19.6%
16.1%
10.1%
45.8%
2008
%
2,020,000
1,990,000
2,718,655
574,655
1,270,000
852,000
22,000
36,500
724,000
Norway
Russia
Canada
18.2%
18.1%
17.7%
54.0%
2009
%
1,650,000
1,580,000
2,554,082
597,682
1,160,000
774,000
22,400
80,800
664,000
Chile
Canada
Peru
43.8%
29.2%
16.9%
Chile
Canada
Peru
46.1%
33.4%
16.2%
89.9%
2007
Chile
Canada
Peru
47.0%
28.5%
18.7%
95.7%
2008
94.1%
2009
25,100
---
28,700
---
24,900
---
37,100
41,100
35,900
Germany
Canada
Ukraine
29.6%
27.0%
17.2%
73.8%
2007
Germany
Canada
China
32.8%
24.8%
16.1%
73.7%
2008
Canada
Germany
United Kingdom
2009
52,400
---
54,500
---
38,800
---
25,400
40,200
29,400
Belgium
Germany
Russia
39.8%
19.6%
17.8%
77.2%
2007
%
197,050
238,000
392,000
113,000
Belgium
China
Russia
45.5%
34.8%
13.1%
93.5%
2008
%
217,490
233,000
459,000
118,000
29.2%
19.8%
18.8%
67.8%
China
Russia
Belgium
47.6%
20.3%
18.7%
86.6%
2009
%
200,520
223,000
281,000
127,000
Canada
Mexico
Chile
67.8%
15.2%
3.5%
86.5%
Canada
Mexico
United Kingdom
71.1%
9.7%
4.9%
85.6%
Canada
Mexico
Colombia
52.2%
20.7%
11.3%
84.2%
2007
2008
---147
China
Canada
Japan
2009
%
----
144
43.5%
22.7%
16.8%
83.0%
2007
%
----
China
Canada
Japan
105
35.6%
19.4%
17.9%
72.8%
2008
Canada
China
Japan
42.5%
18.1%
11.4%
72.0%
2009
116
102
63
36,550
36,300
250
98,100
33,960
33,700
260
91,800
19,000
19,000
59,400
71
71
< 500mt
10,100
25,400
7,550
5,220
2,330
30,200
51
51
< 500mt
12,200
40,200
7,320
4,980
2,340
29,000
11
11
< 500mt
8,420
29,400
3,440
2,420
1,020
14,700
Canada
China
Mexico
European Union
20.2%
13.8%
9.5%
17.0%
Canada
China
Mexico
22.2%
15.1%
10.0%
47.3%
Canada
Mexico
China
European Union
26.1%
10.8%
9.0%
12.0%
60.6%
2007
57.9%
2008
2009
1,570,000
1,303,000
123,000
1,180,000
356,500
1,440,000
1,275,000
135,000
1,140,000
351,800
1,290,000
1,213,000
103,000
1,110,000
369,000
1,990
2,740
844
Colombia
Venezuela
Netherlands
93.5%
3.4%
1.5%
98.3%
Mexico
Colombia
Venezuela
263,000
Canada
Mexico
Peru
74.5%
19.8%
0.7%
95.0%
Mexico
Other
NA
309,000
79.1%
13.5%
6.3%
98.9%
Canada
Mexico
Peru
96.0%
4.0%
-100.0%
251,000
70.9%
18.8%
3.4%
93.1%
Canada
Mexico
Kazakhstan
81.7%
16.4%
1.4%
99.4%
2007
2008
--
2009
--
%
--
125
W
170
W
147
W
4
22
1
22
1
8
134
167
126
China
Canada
Turkey
87.3%
11.7%
0.9%
99.9%
China
Canada
Brazil
437
China
Austria
Australia
75.4%
12.9%
9.3%
97.7%
China
Canada
Brazil
386
83.3%
7.5%
3.8%
94.6%
2007
China
Austria
Greece
China
Brazil
Austria
Israel
China
Canada
64.2%
14.7%
14.0%
92.9%
2009
64,500
88,400
14,400
83,300
36.3%
23.2%
8.5%
68.0%
62.7%
20.9%
12.2%
95.8%
151
82.6%
8.1%
2.9%
93.6%
2008
72,200
89,300
14,800
71,800
Canada
Israel
Russia
%
50,900
68,600
19,600
47,300
30.9%
23.9%
23.8%
78.6%
Israel
Canada
China
34.5%
32.8%
11.2%
78.5%
2007
2008
2009
844
445
W
3,280
37,998
W
4,580
31,692
W
3,470
23,000
China
South Africa
Germany
74.4%
15.7%
3.7%
93.8%
2007
China
South Africa
Germany
China
Chile
Canada
China
South Africa
Canada
Chile
China
Canada
200,000
284,920
116,100
141,000
Chile
Canada
United Kingdom
2009
187,000
245,240
106,200
149,000
44.8%
15.0%
8.8%
68.7%
Canada
Russia
Australia
%
18,100
59,900
827
2,030
71.1%
13.7%
11.5%
96.3%
2008
68.5%
21.7%
3.0%
93.2%
2009
21,100
72,900
1,290
2,320
46.6%
33.7%
12.0%
92.2%
2007
70.5%
17.6%
4.5%
92.6%
2008
21,000
72,800
1,220
4,100
Canada
Russia
Australia
979
85.2%
4.3%
3.5%
93.1%
%
163,000
231,720
97,030
118,000
47.1%
14.2%
11.1%
72.5%
Canada
Russia
Norway
39.6%
17.5%
9.6%
66.7%
2007
Brazil
Canada
Germany
2008
2009
9,020
8,450
4,210
-1,100
12,900
-781
11,000
-195
4,490
90.7%
8.9%
0.6%
100.2%
Brazil
Canada
Germany
90.8%
8.0%
0.5%
99.3%
Brazil
Canada
Germany
68.8%
30.7%
0.3%
99.8%
2007
2008
2009
84,100
106,000
52,100
156,000
138,000
171,000
7,410
8,930
7,650
7,400
7,820
7,210
8,190
41,800
28,900
2,210
6,450
26,400
15,600
1,980
4,020
30,300
15,600
1,220
3,410
2,550
1,520
United Kingdom
South Africa
Germany
39.6%
39.0%
18.4%
97.0%
South Africa
United Kingdom
Germany
23
Germany
China
South Africa
China
Germany
NA
113,000
Russia
South Africa
United Kingdom
Germany
11
43.5%
34.8%
21.7%
100.0%
South Africa
United Kingdom
55.3%
30.0%
12.9%
98.2%
68
72.7%
36.4%
-109.1%
South Africa
China
NA
120,000
43.2%
21.1%
19.0%
83.3%
Russia
South Africa
United Kingdom
68.4%
12.5%
5.6%
86.5%
88.2%
11.8%
-100.0%
69,700
57.0%
17.4%
11.5%
85.9%
Russia
South Africa
United Kingdom
33.2%
29.1%
15.6%
77.9%
181,000
Germany
South Africa
South Korea
150,000
25.7%
24.7%
15.0%
65.3%
South Africa
Brazil
Chile
18.0%
16.5%
13.4%
47.9%
16,600
South Africa
United Kingdom
Belgium
2007
55.9%
14.9%
12.8%
83.6%
South Africa
United Kingdom
Russia
47.4%
31.6%
13.8%
92.9%
676
-1,470
653,000
Germany
South Africa
Russia
53.5%
12.3%
11.8%
77.6%
South Africa
Russia
Belgium
South Africa
Germany
United Kingdom
2009
616
-1,390
566,000
97.4%
1.3%
1.2%
99.9%
China
Japan
United Kingdom
67.3%
10.7%
7.0%
85.0%
21,200
45.6%
23.5%
16.9%
86.0%
2008
17.5%
13.7%
11.1%
42.3%
11,200
49,800
China
Japan
United Kingdom
Japan
Germany
South Africa
12,600
48,700
South Africa
Germany
United Kingdom
183,000
47.6%
35.3%
13.9%
96.8%
%
448
-4930
188000
95.4%
2.2%
1.6%
99.2%
China
Japan
United Kingdom
88.8%
5.7%
4.2%
98.8%
2007
2008
38,800
7,100
-30,500
Chile
Netherlands
Germany
2009
40,600
7,900
-35,900
74.4%
11.4%
8.7%
94.5%
Chile
Netherlands
Germany
%
30,500
5,600
-21,500
79.4%
14.1%
4.6%
98.1%
Chile
Germany
Netherlands
93.5%
4.8%
1.0%
99.3%
2007
2008
-W
Belgium
Germany
Canada
2007
Germany
Canada
Mexico
33.7%
25.7%
18.4%
77.7%
%
Brazil
South Africa
Canada
2008
%
W
W
38
113
40.4%
21.1%
11.5%
73.0%
%
Brazil
South Africa
Australia
2009
-779
555,000
3,860,000
57.7%
25.7%
13.6%
96.9%
Mexico
Canada
Peru
16.9%
16.5%
16.2%
49.6%
2009
W
W
35
168
-791
781,000
4,210,000
Mexico
Canada
Peru
618,000
260,000
46.1%
16.1%
13.5%
75.7%
2008
W
W
28
147
Brazil
South Africa
Canada
-W
562,000
508,000
48.5%
14.7%
10.1%
73.3%
2007
-W
592,000
536,000
Belgium
Germany
Japan
2009
35.7%
20.7%
14.6%
71.0%
%
-796
356,000
2,800,000
61.4%
20.2%
13.0%
94.6%
Mexico
Canada
Peru
58.2%
26.7%
7.3%
92.2%
2007
2008
2009
8,400
--
10,900
--
11,800
--
688
454
594
170
532
70.1
Japan
China
South Korea
2007
68.1%
20.8%
6.2%
95.0%
Japan
China
Brazil
60.6%
35.7%
2.4%
98.7%
2008
644
-365
864.13
China
Portugal
Kazakhstan
Japan
China
Switzerland
China
Germany
Kazakhstan
-W
15,100
43,700
China
Kazakhstan
Germany
China
Canada
Belgium
37.8%
13.9%
7.8%
59.6%
2009
-W
50,000
102,000
34.3%
24.5%
21.3%
80.1%
%
473
-232
688.15
20.5%
16.2%
14.8%
51.5%
2008
43.4%
28.8%
27.8%
100.0%
2009
629
-566
939
18.1%
14.1%
14.0%
46.2%
2007
China
Philippines
Canada
%
-W
8,130
84,000
68.7%
9.9%
6.4%
85.1%
China
Canada
Philippines
46.9%
21.8%
12.1%
80.8%
2007
2008
29,350
11,700
32,650
11,100
6,410
34,600
9,800
36,300
3,170
33,000
54.0%
12.5%
12.2%
78.8%
2007
Peru
Bolivia
China
Kazakhstan
Japan
China
Peru
Bolivia
Indonesia
Kazakhstan
Japan
Ukraine
-W
W
109
3,880
Kazakhstan
Japan
China
Bolivia
Canada
Portugal
59.8%
35.4%
0.5%
95.7%
2009
-W
W
496
3,990
29.6%
20.5%
18.9%
%
W
-820
16,600
50.2%
32.9%
6.4%
89.5%
2008
61.5%
19.1%
9.8%
90.4%
2009
W
-2,370
23,900
53.3%
31.9%
8.6%
93.7%
2007
57.6%
13.7%
6.6%
77.9%
2008
33,700
-2,000
25,900
Bolivia
2009
31,190
12,200
Peru
Bolivia
China
Canada
Portugal
%
-W
W
38
3,590
27.6%
24.1%
21.0%
Bolivia
Canada
Portugal
24.8%
23.8%
21.1%
69.1%
72.7%
69.7%
12,000
W
9,700
W
6,860
W
731
2,700
621
2,511
375
2,540
China
Germany
95.2%
4.5%
China
Germany
96.8%
3.2%
99.7%
2007
2008
2007
%
436,000
278,000
8,070
758,000
2009
5,170
W
452
2,800
36.3%
32.8%
19.9%
89.1%
97.2%
1.8%
1.0%
100.1%
100.0%
4,970
W
206
2,220
South Korea
Czech Republic
Canada
China
Germany
Vietnam
South Korea
Canada
Austria
4,690
W
672
353
61.1%
23.1%
11.5%
95.7%
2008
%
370,000
286,000
3,250
725,000
Canada
South Korea
Austria
55.8%
28.6%
13.8%
98.2%
2009
%
306,000
203,000
2,960
686,000
Comments
Apparent.
Crude and semicrude.

Crude, semicrude, and scrap.
Comments
Smelter production, secondary only. Primary data witheld.
Comments
Comments
Boric acid.
Boric acid.
Comments
Apparent.
Comments
Apparent.
Chromium metal.
Chromium content.
Scrap, gross weight.

Contained chromium.
Gross weight.
Gross weight.
Comments
Unwrought cobalt, excluding alloys and waste and scrap.
Comments
Refined.
Primary refined and old scrap.
Refined.
Refined.
Comments
Comments
Comments
Mine production.
Refined.
Refined bullion.
Comments
Unwrought.
Comments
Steel mill products, apparent.
Excludes Germany and Sweden.
Comments
Comments
Shipped by producer.
Comments
Primary.
Secondary, primary witheld.
Includes metal, scrap/waste, alloys (magnesium content), and other forms (magnesium content).
Comments
Apparent.
Gross weight. Wrought, unwrought, and scrap/waste.
Gross weight. Wrought, unwrought, and scrap/waste.
Comments
Reported.
Ferromoly, contained weight.
Ferromoly, contained weight.
Comments
Reported.
Recovered from purchased scrap.
Primary and secondary.
Comments
Apparent.
Niobium content.
Ferroniobium.
Comments
Apparent.
Apparent.
Gross weight.
Palladium content.
Platinum content.
Rhodium content.
Iridium content.
Osmium content.
Palladium content.
Platinum content.
Rhodium content.
Ruthenium content.
Comments
Yttrium only.
Rare-earth metals, scandium, yttrium.
Rare-earth metals.
Comments
Comments
Comments
Apparent.
Contained.
Comments
Refinery.
Refined.
Bullion.
Comments
Apparent.
Compounds.
Strontium metal.
Comments
Apparent, tantalum content.
Metal and alloys, gross weight.
Synthetic concentrates, unwrought powders, alloys and metal, waste and scrap, and wrought.
Comments
Comments
Primary and secondary, contained tin.
Secondary, contained tin.
Refined.
Refined.
Comments
Sponge.
Comments
Tungsten content.
Comments
Ferrovanadium.
Ferrovanadium.
Comments
Reported.
Refined.
Refined.
Table 82. Count of production rankings for mined minerals (2007).
Argentina
Australia
Belarus
Belgium
Bolivia
Brazil
Canada
Chile
China
Finland
Germany
India
Indonesia
Italy
Japan
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Madagascar
Malaysia
Mexico
Mongolia
Morocco
Mozambique
Nigeria
Norway
People's Republic of the Congo
Peru
Russia
Rwanda
South Africa
South Korea
Spain
Turkey
Zambia
First
Second
1
5
2
2
4
22
1
2
3
1
4
1
4
1
1
1
2
1
Third
1
1
1
5
4
1
7
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
5
2
6
6
6
2
1
1
1
1
Total
1
9
1
1
1
9
9
6
33
1
1
6
2
1
4
2
1
1
1
3
1
3
1
1
1
1
9
14
0
8
1
1
3
1
Table 83. Count of production rankings for processed minerals (2007).

First
Argentina
Australia
Belarus
Belgium
Bolivia
Canada
Chile
China
Colombia
Cuba
Finland
Germany
Indonesia
Israel
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Mexico
New Calendonia
Peru
Russia
South Africa
South Korea
Second
1
3
22
1
4
1
1
2
2
3
1
1
1
3
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
Third
Total
1
2
1
2
1
3
1
3
1
8
2
27
1
1
2
3
1
2
10
1
3
1
1
3
9
2
2
3
2
4
1
1
1
3
1
2
4
Table 84. Count of import rankings for mined minerals (2007).

Argentina
Australia
Belarus
Bolivia
Brazil
Canada
Chile
China
France
Gabon
Germany
Greece
Guatemala
Guinea
India
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Malaysia
Mexico
Mozambique
Peru
Portugal
Sierra Leone
South Africa
United Kingdom
Other
First
Second
Third
1
1
1
2
1
3
2
4
1
1
1
1
3
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
Total
1
6
1
2
3
12
3
6
1
1
3
1
2
1
1
1
3
1
2
2
1
5
1
3
1
1
5
1
3
Table 85. Count of import rankings for processed minerals (2007).

First
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Bolivia
Brazil
Canada
Chile
China
Colombia
Czech Republic
Germany
Israel
Japan
Kazakhstan
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Peru
Phillipines
Portugal
Russia
South Africa
South Korea
Turkey
United Kingdom
Ukraine
Venezuela
2
1
2
6
2
10
1
3
1
1
2
Second
Third
Total
1
1
1
1
7
2
3
6
1
4
3
1
5
3
2
19
5
17
1
1
11
1
5
3
6
2
1
4
1
2
7
9
3
2
6
1
1
1
4
1
2
1
3
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
2
2
1
4
2
1
1
1
3
1
1
3
5
1
1
1
3
1
2
1
3
1

Ofr2013-1184 Table

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Оригинальное название

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Ofr2013-1184 Table

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Table 1.

Three country concentration ratio

Prepared by U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center.

duction by the top three producing countries. 1,4

Top 3 Producers (Mined, 2007)

Three country concentration ratio

re of production by the top three producing countries.

Top 3 Producers (Processed, 2007)

U.S. Geological Survey Minerals Yearbooks (1994 - 2010).

Germany, and Russia. No capacity/output data avialable, other than Chile.

Beryl (gross weight)

Chromite, metal content

hromite, metal content

Ferrochromium, metal content

chromium, metal content

producing countries (thousand metric tons).

ountries (thousand metric tons).

roducing countries (thousand metric tons).

Graphite, gross weight

of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).

e top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).

the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).

ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).

Lithium (pure lithium content)

Magnesium Compounds (magnesite)

Manganese ore, metal content

ratio of the top three producing countries (thousand metric tons).

Ferromanganese, metal content1

Estimated based on the typical percentage of manganese content.

Silicomanganese, metal content1

Estimated based on the typical percentage of manganese content.

ree producing countries (thousand metric

e producing countries (thousand metric tons).

tries (thousand metric tons).

Nickel Chemical Production

China and Finland are both chemical and unspecified.

ng countries (thousand metric tons).

e producing countries (thousand metric tons).

Nickel Metal Production

producing countries (thousand metric tons).

Nickel Oxide Production

countries (thousand metric tons).

Unspecified Nickel Production

ucing countries (thousand metric tons).

ee producing countries (thousand

Ferroniobium Production (mt, Nb Content)

ucing countries (thousand metric tons).

Phosphate Rock Production

e producing countries (thousand metric tons).

producing countries (thousand metric tons).

Other PGM's Production

ation ratio of the top three producing countries

Potash Refinery Production

ree producing countries (million metric tons).

oducing countries (million metric tons).

Selenium Refinery Production

Canada listed as shipments.

Tellurium Refinery Production

cing countries (thousand metric tons).

Tin Smelter Production

ucing countries (thousand metric tons).

Titanium Sponge Production

nium Sponge Production