m

VIDEOTEL

VI DEOTEL PRODUCTIONS

HOLDING EFFECTIVE DRILLS

Your life may depend on it

The Guide

Author: Pat Mitchell

Videotel Productions
84 Newman Street, London Wl T 3EU, UK
Tel: +44 (0)20 7299 1800
Fax: +44 (0)20 7299 1818
Email: mail@videotelmail.com
Web: www.videotel.co.uk

HOLDING EFFECTIVE DRILLS

A VIDEOTEL PRODUCTION
The Producers would like to acknowledge the assistance of:

The Master, Officers and Crew of MV Santa Cruz

The Maersk Company Ltd

Maritime and Coastguard Agency

International Maritime Organization

Paris MOU on Port State Control

RTM STAR Center

United States Coast Guard

Zodiac Maritime Agencies Ltd

CONSULTANTS: CAPTAIN TREVOR BAILEY

CAPTAIN GERRY PANAS

PRODUCER: ROBIN JACKSON

WRITER/DIRECTOR: STEPHEN SAUNDERS

PRINT PRODUCER: BARBARA STEINBERG

PRINT AUTHOR: PAT MITCHELL

PRINT DESIGN BY: THROGMORTON AGENCY

Warning :

Any unauthorised copy ing, hiring, lending, exhibilion diffusion, sale, public performance or other exploitation of this video is strictly

proh ibited and may result in prosecution .

COPYRIGHT Videotel 2001

This video is intended to reflect the best available techniques and practices at the time of production, it is intended purely as commen t. No

responsibility is accepted by Videotel, or by any firm, corporation or organisation who or wh ich has been in any way concerned, with the

production or authorised translation, supply or sale of this video for accuracy of any information given hereon or for ilny omission herefrom .

(CONTENTS)
INTRODUCTION

What the package is for

The package

Target audiences and objectives

THE GUIDE

The Guide contains ...

Awareness raising sessions

Session p lan

Why hold drills?

ORGANISING AN INDIVIDUAL DRILL

10

DRILL PLANNING

11

Drill briefing

12

Drill observation

12

De-briefing

13

ORGANISING A PROGRAMME OF DRILLS

14

DRILL PREPARATION FORM

lS

DRILL OBSERVATION SHEET

16

TYPICAL TRAINING & DRILLS

SCHEDULE FOR A CHEMICAL TANKER

18

ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS

19

ASSESSMENT ANSWERS

20

r
(INTRODUCTION )
(What the package is for

When an emergency arises at sea a ship's first and often only line of defence is the ability of the crew to respond
and cope quickly and effectively. Calling on outside help is inevitably the exception, rather than the rule.
This means that officers and ratings must be thoroughly trained and given practice in handling all possible

emergencies, from rescuing an injured colleague to abandoning ship. But not only must everyone be trained,

they must also be able to demonstrate that they can put what they have learned in their training to work in

circumstances which simulate real emergencies. That is the purpose of holding dri lls.

Such is the importance of dealing effectively with emergencies at sea that the type, standard and frequency of
drills is governed by international conventions, such as SOLAS, and Port State regulations. This has important
commercial implications for sh ipping companies. No-one wants a ship delayed by the inability of the crew to
perform a satisfactory drill.
But to seafarers there is a much more important reason for being able to show that they can cope quickly and
effectively with emergencies. Their lives may depend on it.
The purpose of this Videotel package is to make all crew members aware of how important drills are for their own
personal safety and that of their colleagues and to help them improve the quality of the drills that they hold.

(The package

The package consists of:

The video 'Holding Effective Drills' .
This Guide.

(Target audiences and objectives

There are two audiences for the package:

All officers and ratings

The guide explains how to use the video in awareness raiSing sessions. Those taking part will recognise why
drills are necessary and understand the difference between good drills and bad ones. They will identify how to
improve their drills.

Officers responsible for organising and holding drills

By using the video and guide, officers will improve their ability to hold individual drills and to organise a
programme of drills over a period of time .

(THE GUIDE)
(The Guide contains: )
This introduction.
Guidance to help an officer prepare and lead an awareness raising session with a group of crew members.

This session covers:

training and drills - what are the differences?

why are drills important?

the video - 'Holding Effective Drills'

when a drill goes well ..... ... .

making our drills more effective.

summary.

Guidance for a discussion amongst a group of officers responsible for organising drills. This covers:

preparing a drill.

briefing those taking part.

observation during the drill.

de-briefing.

organising a programme of drills throughout a voyage.

This discussion can be broken down into a series of sessions.

The relevant SOLAS and STew regulations.

A blank Drill Preparation Form .

A blank Drill Observation Sheel.

An example of a programme of drills.

Assessment questions. A list of questions which those running awareness raising sessions can use to check

whether individuals taking part have absorbed and understood the principles of holding effective drills.

(Awareness raising sessions)

(preparation)
Before you lead an awareness raising session with a group of crew members:
Think about those who will be taking part:

have they been involved in many drills?

on this ship? on other ships?

are some of the group much less experienced than others?

Decide what you want the session to achieve. For example:

do you want to reinforce the importance of drills with an experienced group who have grown a little casual
about them?
if the crew is new or contains inexperienced individuals, do you want to stress the standards which you
expect drills on this ship to achieve?
Watch the video and make a note of points which are particularly relevant to your ship. If you think that you
may want to re-play particular sections, make a note of their counter numbers.
Read the detailed Session Plan overleaf.

 Think about examples which you will want to refer to during the discussions. In particular:
incidents from drills in which this group have taken part.
examples relevant to your ship.
examples of good practice as well as bad . It is very important that the session should be positive - after all,
you are discussing how to save one another's lives. Too much emphasis on what goes wrong during drills
may discourage the group.
Decide how you will use the Assessment questions. For example:
you might ask individuals to complete as many of them as they can before the training session .
you might use some of them as discussion starters during th e session (the Session Plan already contains
discussion of three of them, but you may want to add others).
you might use them to confirm understanding once the session is over.

(Session Plan )
,(What is a drill?

Begin the session by asking the group for examples of emergencies which they may have to deal with . Their
answers should include:
fire .
abandon ship.
man overboard.
recovery of injured crew members from enclosed spaces .
Ask them what the differences are between being trained to handle these emergencies and holding a drill.

Their answers should include:

(Training)

( Drills

Purpose: to help crew members learn how to handle

an emergency.

Purpose: to demonstrate that crew members can

handle an emergency correctly.

Training sessions are run by ship's officers.

Drills are sometimes run by Port State Control

Inspectors.

The person running a training session acts as a

trainer, helping those taking part to learn.

The person running a drill sets the scene and then

acts as an observer, assessing whether those taking
part can cope effectively with the emergency.

Trainers provide help, encouragement and advice

during the training session .

Observers only intervene if there is danger to those

taking part - you are on your own!

Speed: in a training session you are often asked to do

things slowly, so that you gel them right; the trainer
may take the activity stage by stage, sometimes
stopping at the end of a stage to discuss what has
happened before going on to the next one .

Speed : in a drill you are expected to handle the

simulated emergency without interruption and at the
same pace as if it were real.

II

If a drill goes badly in front of a PSC Inspector, the

ship may be detained .

If a training session goes badly, you learn from your

mistakes and do it better next time.

- -

(Why hold drills? )

Explain that there are two reasons for seafarers to demonstrate their ability to handle emergencies correctly by

holding effective drills:

It 's the law!

Internalional conventions, such as SOLAS (Safety of Life at Sea), and Port State regu lations govern the type,

standa rd and frequency of drills which must be held and impose penalties on ships which fail these tests.

That is someth ing which is obviously important to shipping company managers ashore w ho are responsib le
for the commercial success of their businesses.
But there is a much more important reason for seafarers to make sure we can carry out drills to the highest
possible sta ndard .. .... .
Ou r lives may depend on it!
Ships do catch fire . They co ll ide with one another. Crew members are overcome by fumes in enclosed spaces.
We all do our best to make sure these things don 't happen but, when they do, we must know how to react.
Drills force us to show that we can spring smoothly into action and handle emergencies correctly without
waiting to be told what to do.

(The video - Holding Effective Drills)

Explain that you are going to playa video about how to hold effective drills. Ask the group, as they watch, to
make a note of important points, particularly those relevant to your sh ip.
Show the video.

( When a drill goes well....

You may want to split the group into sub-groups of three or four for this discussion. If you do, ask each sub

group to appoin t a spokesperson to summarise their ideas.

Ask the group to discuss the following question:

If you were observing a drill, what features would you look for
to decide whether it was going well

or badly?

Tell them that you would li ke th em to justify their answers with examples from the video and their own

experience of taking part in drills.

Their answers may include:

Speed
Good drills begin and are ca rried out at a pace as near as possible to a real emergency. Rem ind the group
about the quick and efficient way crew members were tackling the fire in the mock up at the fire school.

Realism
As the PSC Inspector said:
'I think drills should be held as in a real life emergency. The crew is going to react in a real emergency as they do in
practice. If the crew isn't allowed to use the eqUipment as they would in real life, then they won't be fam iliar with it '.

Taking it seriously
Remind the group that the drill they do today may be followed by a real emergency tomorrow.

- Equipment that works and a crew that knows how to use it

As the PSC Inspector said :
'I would soya good half of the vessels I've personally been on have had problems in one area or another. And it's
mainly a problem where they 're not familiar with the equipment or the equipment hasn't been properly maintained'.

Good communication
Communication involves:
talking. There is a scene in the video showing the crew instructing passengers how to put on lifejackets.
In a real emergency this must be done clearly and calmly. That takes thought and practice.
listening. The crew in the video who are being briefed before a drill are concentrating hard on what is
being said. In a real emergency there is normally little time for the leader to give instructions and none for
him to repeat himself.
watching. Team members handling an emergency must pay attention to what one another are doing. For
example, in the scene at the fire school one of the f irefighters shouts to the colleague following him 'Mind
the step! '.

Correct technique
The PSC Inspector referred to crew members trying to jump into a lifeboat which was hanging 4 feet (1.2m)
out from the side of the ship. Effective drills never contain dangerous and incorrect techniques like this.

Knowledge and skills

The video showed crew members operating fire extinguishers and closing doors correctly. In an effective drill it
is clear that those taking part know exactly what they are doing . In poor drills it is obvious that they do not.

Teamwork
The scene showing the team rescuing a colleague from an enclosed space shows how, in an effective drill, the
group involved will demonstrate that they can act as a smoothly functioning team .

Reaction to the unexpected

Drills should test crew members' ability to think on their feet. For example, they should be able to cope when
denied access to staircases and normal entrances.
PSC Inspectors will also be looking for. .....

Flexibility within the team

As the Inspector in the video recommended:
'Switch out people because you may get somebody in an emergency that gets injured and you need to have someone
else who knows that job. Don't just rely on the Chief Engineer or the Chief Mate or even like most of the time the Second
Engineer because he's the one that knows how to start small boat engines. Everybody should know how to do it. '

Summarise this discussion by reminding the group about the PSC

Inspector saying:
'In the event of an emergency a crew will do what they have practiced. If
they have practiced nothing the result is uncertain. If they have practiced
something and they haven't practiced it well, then perhaps they won't
perform that well in the event of an actual emergency ' .

( Making o ur drills more effective )

Ask the group, again working in sub-groups if you wish, to identify ways of making drills on your ship more

effective. Their Ideas may include:

Better de-briefing
Though a drill is not a training session, once it is over every opportunity should be taken to learn from what
happened. The video shows the crew members who tack led the fire on the ship doing this. Tell the group that
there are two important features of a good de-briefing:
discussion. Of course the observers will have comments to make, but it very important for those who
took part to discuss the experience with one another.
positive. It is all too easy fo r de-briefing sessions to become negative and depressing by concentrating
entirely on those aspects which need to be improved. It is just as im portant for everyone involved to
identify what went we ll and plan how to build on those strengths.

Familiarisation
Under STeW, everyone employed or engaged on a seagoing ship, with the exception of passengers, must be
made familiar with the ship's layout and safety equipment and procedures.
To equip themselves for emergencies, individual crew members must build on that initial training so that,
whether the emergency is real or a drill, they can find their way about the ship 'with their eyes shut'.

Normal operations
The video referred to an incident in which the route which a team wanted to use to gain access to a fire was
blocked with oil drums. There is also a scene showing a crew member trying to make the lifeboat release gear
work by hitting it with a hammer!
Remind the group that we will improve our drills and, more important, be more successfu l when we have to
respond to real emergencies if we do not create unnecessary hazards for ourselves.

(summary )
None of us want emergencies to happen, but when they do we want them to be handled like the evacuation of
the passenger ship shown on the video - quickly, efficiently and with no-one getting hurt. That takes preparation
and training and practice in as near to real conditions as we can safely manage.
Bring the session to a close by emphasising once again that drills are not a chore or a routine or someth ing we

do because some international convention says we must. We carry out drills because :

OUR LIVES DEPEND ON IT!

(ORGANISING AN

INDniIDUA~ DRILL

(The Video)
Watch the video and then discuss points raised in it which you think are relevant to your ship. In particular:
The video showed some of the concerns which Port State Control Inspectors have about drills they witness,
such as a lack of realism, equipment that does not work properly, poor teamwork and evidence of inadequate
training.
Have any of your recent drills revealed similar problems?
What do you think are the best features of drills on your ship?
What would you most like to improve about your drills?

(Legal

req~lrem~nts

Though the most important reason for seafarers to hold effective drills is to protect lives in the event of a real

emergency, officers must also be aware of and meet the minimum standards for drills set out in international

conventions.

SOLAS*, covers emergency training and drills. These regulations define:

The provision of manuals
Practice musters and drills. The frequency and timing of abandon ship and fire drills; what abandon ship
drills must include; what fire drills must include.

On-board training and Instruction. Details and timing of training for individuals in the use of the ship's

life-saving appliances, including survival craft equipment.

Records
The STeW Code, Chapter VI, Section A-VI/l defines the mandatory minimum requirements for familiarisation

and basic safety training and instruction for all seafarers. It defines:

Familiarisation training. What all seafarers must be trained to understand and do before being assigned to
shipboard duties, for example what to do if they detect fire or smoke.

Basic training. What seafarers with designated safely or pollution prevention duties must be trained to

understand and do before being assigned to any shipboard duties, for example elementary first aid.

Failure to meet the standards demanded by the regulations may result in your ship being detained, with all of the
serious financial consequences described by the PSC Inspector in the video .
* Depending on which edition you have on board, you will find the details as follows : In the 1996 Amendments
(effective 1998), Chapter III, Regulations 19 and 20 refer. In the SOLAS Consolidated Edition (1997)
Regulations 18 and 19 refer.

10

(Drill planning)
You will find a blank Drill Preparation Form on Page 15 of this guide. Use this to plan individual drills. It covers:

Drill type. For example:

fire .
abandon ship.
man overboard .
rescue from enclosed space.

Date
Location/ Description . For example:
fire in galley.
pump room rescue.

boats lowered to sea, unhooked, motors and sprinklers started .

Review of previous drill. Read the notes from the last drill of this type. Make a brief note of:
what went well. It is important to build on strengths, so when you are planning the next drill identify
what, specifically, these are.
improvements required . These are points which you will want to pay particular attention to during the drill.

Personnel taking part

Drill details
safety points. No-one should be injured during drills, but unfortunately this does happen . When
planning a drill, identify and note the safety precautions which you will take.

realism . There are limits to how realistic you can make a drill. You cannot set the ship on fire! However,
within the obvious limitations, try to make the drill as near to a real emergency as possible. In particular,
think about:
leadership. If, for example, you are planning an enclosed space rescue dril l, who will lead the team?
Should you pull the leader out in the middle of the drill to assess how the rest of the Leam react?
equipment use. It is important that crew members have the opportunity to demonstrate that they can
use the ship's safety equipment. Though you may not be able to cover the decks in foam every time
you hold a fire drill, you must not wait for a real emergency to find out whether fire crews can use this
type of equipment.
information. Decide what information you are going to give to, for example, a fire crew and also at
what stage in the drill you will give it to them . In real emergencies situations can change from moment
to moment and those tackling them must be able to adapt when they receive new information.
access/ visibility. One obvious method for adding realism to a drill is to deny access to the normal
routes around the ship. In fire drills you may also wish to restrict the visibility of those taking part by
using masks or smoke machines. Note: doing this has obvious implications for safety and some
companies do not permit the use of smoke machines aboard their ships.
timing. Emergencies have a nasty habit of avoiding daylight hours. Moreover, people can quickly
become casual about drills if they are always held at 2.00 pm on nice sunny days! For added realism,
vary the times at which you hold your drills.
warning given. There are two decisions to be made . First, whether to give any warning at all of the
drill. Giving no warning creates the maximum realism, but often has unacceptable safety implications.
Second, if you are going to warn those taking part, you must decide how much notice to give them
and what to tell them.

11

-:ze=.

~F=======================================================================

Equipment required/status
The example in the video of a crew member attempting to free the lifeboat release mechanism with a
hammer is clearly unacceptable and will result in PSC Inspectors failing the ship . Equipment failures like this
can also result in accidents during drills, something which must be avoided at all costs.
Before running a drill, decide what equipment will be required and check that it is in satisfactory working order.
Make sure that drills sometimes involve the use of items of equipment, such as certain hoses, which are not in
everyday use.

(Drill briefing)
When you are briefing the crew members who will take part in a drill:
Explain the purpose of the drill. It is important to do this no matter how experienced the group are, since it
focuses everyone's attention on what they are trying to achieve and the standards wh ich you expect them to
display.
Remind them about the de-briefing discussion after the previous drill of this type. In particular:
what went well. Encourage them to build on their strengths.
what improvements are needed.
Stress the potential dangers involved in the drill and the safety precautions you expect them to take. Make
sure everyone understands the command they will receive if, ror any reason, the drill has to be stopped before
it is complete.

( Drill observation )
You will find a blank, two page Observation Sheet on Pages 16-17 of this guide. Use this to help you observe
drills systematically. It allows you to record :

The timescale
In an emergency, speed often makes the difference between success and disaster.

Scores
Assessing many of the important aspects of a drill, such as communication and teamwork, is difficult because
they cannot be 'measured' in the same way as you can record how long the drill takes. Giving these aspects a
score out of 10 will help you to turn your subjective impressions into firm judgements.

Comments
Once again, make sure that you record what went well in addition to any improvements needed.

The start
In the real emergencies which drills attempt to simulate, what happens in the first few minutes is often crucial .
The leader must take control, the team must pay attention and the necessary action has to begin without
delay. Though, as the PSC Inspector explained, they are not looking for military efficiency, some drills can fa il
almost before they begin because there is no sense of urgency or focus amongst the group taking part.

During the drill

Watch for:

teamwork. Do crew members work together smoothly or do they look like a group of unco-ordinated
individuals? Look for examples of people helping one another without being asked.
team flexibility. Is there evidence that team members are able to do more than one job? If you have
pulled key individuals out of the team, how well are the others coping?
12

communication . Do those taking part g ive inf ormation and instruct ions clearly and calm ly? Do they
listen to one another? Do they watch what is going on around t hem and reac t app rop riately?

reaction to the unexpected. How wel l do they adapt to unforeseen circumstances, such as fi nding that
normal routes about the shi p are b locked?
use of equipment. Do tea m mem bers use the necessary equip men t qu ickly and correctly? Are they using
safe and proper techniques, u nl ike the example quoted in the video of crew members attempting to jump
a 4 foot (1 .2m) gap into a lifeboat?

The end of the drill

the leader. In a real emergency there won' t be any observers around to give feedback ! At t he end of the
drill the team leader shou ld pull the team toget her and give praise and encouragement. This is an ideal
opportu nity to d o some team bui lding .
outcomes . The most important indicator of successful teamwork is success! Did the d rill achieve its
objective ?

(De-briefing)
Drills are not train ing, but they are important opportunities fo r learning . To make them as effective as possible:

Prepare
Go throug h the notes you have made and highlight the po ints you want to stress. Try to avoid giving too
much feed back. It is m uch better to make three points than thirty.

Start a discussion
People are m uch mo re likely to th ink about what happened when they have to answer a question, rather than
simply listen to a statemen t. Th is implies that you should ......... .

Get the sequence right

Find out what those who have taken part thought about how the dril l wen t before g iving them your views .
You w ill often discover that they are more critical of t hemselves than you are. In some cases your main task
during de-briefing will be to .......... .

Emphasise the positive

You cannot and must not avoid describing and discussing what went wrong, but make sure the de-briefing
highlights posit ive aspects of the drill as wel l.

Be honest
No-one wi ll thank you for telling them they did we ll when that isn 't true . And it is always better to identify
any shortcom ings after a drill than after a real emergency. When discussing wha t needs to be improved it is
particularly important to .. .......

Be descriptive
The purpose of tra ining and of learning from drills is to improve people's performance by encou rag ing them
to change their behaviour. You cannot change thei r persona lities. So, if you are not satisfied with the
precautions taken before attempting a rescue from an enclosed space, don 't say 'You ' re a care less bunch'
w hen what yo u mea n is 'The individual wearing the b reath ing apparatus didn't put it on properly and the
team leader didn't check him before he entered the hold'.

Be constructive
Make sure everyone goes away from the de-briefing feeling positive about it. Even if it did not go we ll, they
must at least know what to do next time to make it better. Give them the obvious incentive. Remind them
that ' next time' may not be a dril l. It may be a real emergency.

13

(Organising a programme of drills)

In many cases the company's managers will provide Masters with a programme of the different drills to be carried
out over a period of time. This will ensure that all the statutory requirements will be met and that drills will be
conducted which are relevant to each particular ship .
An example of a typ ical set of drills for a chemical tanker is shown on Page 18.
Organising a series of drills over an extended time period gives you the chance to:

Cover all crew members

It is important, and in some cases a statutory requirement, that all those who may be Involved in a particular
type of real emergency should receive training and have their ability assessed by laking part in drills. This
naturally includes relief crews.

Vary drill scenarios

A programme will cover not only boat and fire drills but others

such as rescue trom enclosed spaces, man overboard, emergency

steering and so on.

Vary drill locations

Though, for example, there are obvious places, such as the galley,

where fires are more li kely to start, a programme enables you to

make sure that fire crews can handle fires which start in less

obvious places.

Vary drill difficulty

Drills can be disruptive, so there will be times when you do not want to use foam or put lifeboats in the water.
In addition, you may want inexperienced crew members to demonstrate that they can handle basic situations
before adding difficulties for them to tackle.

Vary the situations

Crews can become complacent if drills always involve similar situations. A programme allows you to vary the
timing, the amount of warning you give, the unforeseen circumstances you create and so on.

14

DRILL PREPARATION FORM

I Date

Drill type
Location/Description

Review of previous
drill

What went well

Improvements required

Personnel taking
part
Drill details

Safety points

Realism

leadership (who?
vary during drill?)

equipment use
(actual? simulated?)

information (what?
at what stage?)

access/visibility
(close entrances?
use smoke m/es?)
Timing

Warning given

Equipment
reqd./status

Description

Checked

lS

DRILL OBSERVATION SHEET

Timings

Start

I Finish

I Elapsed time

Comments (what went well; improvements needed)

Start

Speed. Did
t1le drill get
underway
quickly?
Leadership.
Did tlte
leader take
control
quickly and
effectively?

The team.
Did tltey pay
attention to
t1le leader
and begin to
take action
without
delay?

End

The leader.
Did the
leader puB
tile leanl
together at
the end of
the drill?
Outcomes.
Did tile drill
achieve its
objectives?

Score (1-10)

During the drill

Comments (what went well; improvements

needed)

Teamwork. How
weU did tJle team
work together?

Team nexibility.
Were team
members able to
do more tJlaI1 one
job?

Communication.
How well did
team members
communicate with
one another?

Reaction to
unexpected. How
well did the team
react to, for
example. blocked
access routes?

Use of
equipmenti
techniques etc.
How well did the
team use tJleir
equipment? Did
they use proper
teclmiques?

17

Score (1-10)

I~~------------~--"~--.
- - - - -=-=-= =-= = -=-~~=::::::~~~!!!!!!!!!!!!II!!!!!!!!!'!!!!!!!'!!!!!!!'!!!!--'"
=

TYPICAL TRAINING & DRILLS SCHEDULE FOR A CHEMICAL TANKER

Week
J
2
3

4
5
6
7

8
9
10
II

12
I"'/Q
14
15
16
17

B
C
D
B
C
B

18

19

B
C
B

20
21
22
B

24
2S
2~1I/0

27
28
29

B
C
D

]0
31
32
33
34
35

:'1
38
3rd /Q

l:

B
C
C

36

II

40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
41h/Q

Sol Drill
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boot &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &.Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat&. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat&. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &.Fire
Boat &. Fire
Boat &. Fire

Sol Estru
EMERGENCY
STEERING DRILL
(12.3)

ABANDON SHIP

MAN OVERBOARD

:l
2

(19106)

6
2
1
I

EMERGENCY

STEERING DRrt.L

(17/07)

7
4

5
6
7
8
1

ABANDON SHIP

MAN OVERBOARD

(22-23107)

STRESS AND

STABILITY
(0410~)

8
2
7
3
6
R

1'ltiLL FAILURE
(18107)

CORROSIVE
CARUO LEAK
TO DOUBLE
H01TOM

KFI( SPILL IN SEA

EMERGENCY STEERING

DRILL

III INKER IMPACT

EXCESS IVE LIST

I)A~IAGE

ABANDON SHIP

MAN OVERBOARD

CRITlCAL
EQUIPMENT
fAlLllRE
I'I I ~I PR()()~I

RESCII!::

TANK

EMERGENCY STEERING

DRILL

OVERFWW
( 18103)
BlfNKl.R H()SE BURST

EMERGENCY
CARGO
nANSfER

HEATED CARGll
BURST 1I0SE

ABANDON SHIP

MAN OVERBOARD

fIRE/EXPLOSION

Boat Drills
A=
B=
C=
D=

Bl

Boats lowered to embarkation level and recovered

Boat muster and crew instructed 011 operation
Crew instructed in liferafl lawlching. and embarhtiol1
Boats lowered to the sea. un-hooked. motors and sprinklers ,1artet1

Additional Chemical Code Drills

!kfur< n~w cnrgoes nre londtd
Wh.n 20'0 of crew changed

Additional OPA Drills

When .nl.<ring liS wnlers - 10 be rq>orted 10 the qualified
individual

Fire Drills
1= Fire on deck

2= Fire at manifold
3= Fire i.l1 galley
4= Fire in accommodation

5=
6=
7=
8=

Fire in engine room

Fire in boiler room
Fire in pliint locker
Joiners exerciscd
emergency pump
ant! elllcrgency

~teering

I
I

i
I

I
18

(ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS)
1. Indicate whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F):

We hold drills because:

a) they test our ability to handle real emergencies

T/F

b) the company that insures the ship insists on them

T/F

c) they are a legal requirement

T/F

d) if we can't do them properly the ship may be detained in port

TIF

e) they are a good way of tra ining new crew members

T/F

2. Indicate whether the following statements describe training sessions

(T) or drills (D) or both (T and D):
a) Observers only intervene if there is a danger to those taking part.

T/ D

b) Port State Control (PSC) Inspectors may be involved .

TID

c) The purpose is to help crew members learn how to cope with emergencies.

T/D

d) It doesn 't matter if we don't do it properly, so long as we learn from our mistakes.

TID

e) We try to make the activity as real as possible.

TID

f) Once the activity is over we discuss what went well and w hat needs to be improved .

TID

g) Sometimes we do this slowly, taking it stage by stage.

TID

3. Answer yes (Y) or no (N) to the following statement.

Drills should be 'realistic'. Does this mean .. ......

a) as like a real emergen cy as possible?

YIN

b) as like a real emergency as possible without endangering the sh ip or crew?

YIN

c) in the case of a fire drill, always held in places, such

Y/ N

as the galley, where fires are most likely to occu r?

4. How many members of a lifeboat crew must know how to start the engine?
a) 1

b) 3

c) 4

d) All of them

5 Here is a series of 6 statements about the use of different types of fire extinguisher.

Match the beginnings (List 1) and ends (List 2) correctly.

List 1
List 2

a) Use water extinguishers on .. .

1. . .. liquid or electrical fires

b) Use foam extinguishers on .. .

2. . .. fires involving carbonaceous materials

c) Use CO;" or dry powder extingu ishers on ...

3. . .. liquid fires

d) Never use water extinguishers on .. .

4 . . .. fires involving electricity

e) Powder extinguishers can be used on . ..

5. ... Any small fire

f) Fire blankets can be used to smother ...

6. . .. all types of fire, but check the label

of the particular extinguisher

6 Answer true (T) or false (F) to the following statements. Can Port State Control Inspectors ...
a) ... decide who wi ll take part in a drill?
T/ F
b) ... pull someone out of a drill to simulate injury?

T/ F

c) ... insist on the use of smoke machines in fire drill s?

T/F

d) ... detain ships that fail drills?

T/F
19
I

--- -

e) ... stop drills if they decide the crew is in danger?

TfF

f) .. .fine ships that fail drills?

TfF

g) ... pick where on board drills are to be held?

TfF

h) ... fail a drill because equipment doesn't work, even though

the crew members involved perform perfectly?

TfF

7 Are the following statements true or false?

a) We don't use equipment on drills which is going to make a mess

T/F

or upset the running of the ship.

b) We must practice with al l the equipment we might have to

use in a real emergency.

Tf F

c) The purpose of the de-briefing after a drill is for the officer

T/F

observing to tell us what we did wrong .

d) It is not necessary for every crew member to know how to put on

breathing apparatus correctly

Tf F

8 By law every crew member must take part in at least one abandon ship and one fire drill ...... .
a) Every week?

b) Every month

c) Every voyage?

(ASSESSMENT_ANSWERS)
Indicate whether the following statements are true or false We hold drills because ..... .

a) False
b) True
c) True
d) True
e) False

2 Indicate whether the following statements describe training sessions or drills or both

a) Drill
b) Drill
c) Training
d) Train ing
e) Drill
f) Training and Drill

3 Drills should be 'realistic'. Does this mean ..... .

a)No
b) Yes
c) No

4 How many members of a lifeboat crew must know how to start the engine?

d) All of them

5 Here is a series of 6 statements about the use of different types of fire extinguisher. Match the beginnings (List
1) and ends (List 2) correctly
a) 2

b) 3

c) 4

d) 1

e) 6

f) 5

d) T

e) T

f) F

6 Can Port State Control Inspectors ... .. .

a) T
g) T

b) T
h) T

c) F

7 Are the following statements true or false?

a) F
b) T
c) F

d) F

8 By law every crew member must take part in at least one abandon ship and one fire drill .. .... .
b)

20

Videotel Productio ns

84 Newman Street, London W1T 3EU, UK

Tel: +44 (0)20 7299 1800

Fax: +44 (0)20 7299 1818

Email : mail@videotelmail.com

Web: www.videote l.co. uk