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(aquela
ser
aprendida)
no
pode
ser
ensinada
diretamente, que voc vai ter que recorrer ao bom negcio de falar
sobre a Lngua Inglesa na lngua nativa do aluno.
Such is clearly not the case, as beginning language courses have
demonstrated for many decades.
Tal no claramente o caso, como os cursos de lnguas para
iniciantes tm demonstrado por muitas dcadas.
Gabarito: Errada
=======================================
82 The expression the most challenging (R.1-2) is a comparative of
superiority.
A expresso o mais desafiador um comparativo de superioridade.
Teaching beginners is considered by many to be the most challenging
level of language instruction.
83 The phrase the target language cannot be taught directly (R.1314) can be correctly paraphrased as the teacher cannot teach the
target language directly.
A frase a lngua-alvo no pode ser ensinada diretamente pode ser
corretamente parafraseada como o professor no pode ensinar a
lngua-alvo diretamente.
==========================================
Voz Ativa
The teacher invited her to the party.
O professor a convidou para a festa.
Voz Passiva
She was invited to the party by him.
Ela foi convidada para a festa por ele.
=========================================
Voz Ativa = verbo no Presente = employs
The construction company employs three hundred people.
A empresa de construo emprega trezentas pessoas.
Voz Passiva = verbo no Particpio = employed
Three hundred people are employed by the construction company.
Trezentas pessoas so empregadas pela companhia de construo.
===========================================
is considered by many to
be
the
most
e materiais
CESPE/UnB
SEDUC/AM
=======================================
Translation
1 Teaching beginners is considered by many to be the most
challenging level of language instruction.
Lecionar para iniciantes considerado por muitos como o mais
desafiador nvel de instruo de uma lngua.
(aquela
ser
aprendida)
no
pode
ser
ensinada
diretamente, que voc vai ter que recorrer ao bom negcio de falar
sobre a Lngua Inglesa na lngua nativa do aluno.
========================================
Such is clearly not the case, as beginning language courses have
demonstrated for many decades.
Tal no claramente o caso, como os cursos de lnguas para
iniciantes tm demonstrado por muitas dcadas.
But you do have to keep well in mind that your students capacity for
taking in and retaining new words is limited. Foremost on your mind
as a teacher should be the presentation of material in simple
segments so as not to overwhelm your students. Remember they are
just barely beginning.
Mas voc precisa ter bem em mente que a capacidade dos estudantes
para aprendizagem e reteno das novas palavras limitada.
Primeiramente na sua mente como professor seria a apresentao de
material
em
segmentos
simples
para
no
sobrecarregar
seus
este
um
modelo
menos
til
quando
as
regra
de
paragem
para
determinar
quando
cessar
de
success
(Cooke-Davies,
2002),
the
field
of
software
Gabarito: CERTA
*****************************************************
50 due to physical weaknesses (R.9) is synonymous with because
of.
50 por causa de fraqueza fsica (L.9) sinnimo de por causa de.
When investigating accidents which causes are ultimately not
due to physical weaknesses but are due to interactions between
components or the failure of the system itself.
Quando as investigaes so de acidentes cujas causas so
em ltima anlise no por causa de fraqueza fsica mas so por causa
de interaes entre componentes ou pela falha do prprio sistema.
Gabarito: CERTA
******************************************
51 outcome (R.25) is closest in meaning to upshot.
51 outcome (L.25) prximo em significado de upshot.
Instead, Dekker argues, investigators must try hard to
understand the circumstances of the time and put aside knowledge of
the outcome.
Ao invs disso, argumenta Dekker, os investigadores precisam
tentar seriamente entender as circunstncias do tempo e pr de lado
o conhecimento do resultado.
Gabarito: CERTA
***************************************
Translation:
While there is no shortage of studies into the reasons why
software
projects
fail
(Ewusi-Mensah,
1997),
the
major
risks
este
um
modelo
menos
til
quando
as
under
ambiguous
circumstances
based
on
sparse
and
contribute
to
safety
regardless
of
their
organizational
affiliations.
Para raciocinar mais completamente sobre a interao de
diferentes partes de um sistema scio-tcnico, muitos pesquisadores
tm proposto um sistema de modelo terico no qual o sistema
expresso como uma hierarquia de nveis de controle. Cada nvel da
hierarquia considerado a agir sobre o nvel abaixo dele, atravs da
baseada
*******************************************************
Sumrio (Summary)
a) As tcnicas de Interpretao de texto so: os cognatos
verdadeiros, palavras conhecidas, sua intuio, o conhecimento
do formato das oraes (sujeito + verbo + complemento),
skimming, scanning, ler primeiro as questes, ler a primeira
sentena de cada pargrafo e observar as palavras-chave no
texto.
b) False Cognates ou falsos amigos so aquelas palavras parecidas
com o Portugus mas com o significado diferente.
c) Os adjetivos em Ingls so invariveis
d) O
Comparativo
se
divide
em
inferioridade,
igualdade
superioridade
e) O Superlativo de Superioridade termina em EST ou IEST nas
palavras curtas e constri-se com o MOST antes das palavras
longas.
f) O Superlativo de Inferioridade expressa a inferioridade de um
elemento em relao a todo o grupo.
g) Os elementos da frase em Ingls geralmente seguem a ordem
sujeito+verbo+objeto
VOCABULARY
Another- outro
Approach abordagem, aproximao
Around- em torno de
Barely pobremente, escassamente
Breakage- ruptura, quebra
Challeging - desafiante
Deal acordo, negociar
Disregard desconsiderar, negligncia
Foremost- dianteiro
Likely provvel, apropriado
Misconception - equvoco
Nearly- quase
Outcome resultado, efeito
Overwhelm oprimir, confundir
Power- poder
Praise- louvar, elogiar
Prior- prvio, anterior
Readily- prontamente, facilmente
Retaining - reteno
Shortage - escassez
Suitable apropriado, adequado
Upper mais alto, superior
Upshot resultado final, desfecho
Whatsoever nenhum, qualquer que seja
*************************************************
Sinnimos (Synonyms)
approach - attempt, flak
breakage breaking, break
crack fracture, fissure
current flow, stream
deal trade, bargain
disregard negligence, carelessness
damage disability, injury
failure bankruptcy, loser
knowledge acquaintance, cognition
likely potential, probable
lack deficiency, privation
loss expiration, deprivation
outcome consequence, result
party company, political party
regardless irrespective, no matter
safety refuge, prophylactic
solely exclusively, only
shortage dficit, shortfatt
researcher investigator, detective
task project, labor
useful utile, utilitarion
*****************************************
Cargo: Analista de Comrcio Exterior UnB/ CESPE MDIC
2001 - Text LI-I questions 49 to 51
WTO and developing countries
The World Trade Organization (WTO) replaced the General
Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in 1995. Compared to GATT,
the WTO is much more powerful because of its institutional
foundation and its dispute settlement system. Countries that do not
abide by its trade rules are taken to court and can eventually face
retaliation.
The GATT preamble (1947) states that trade and economic
endeavour should be conducted with a view to raising standards of
living, ensuring full employment and a large and steadily growing
volume of real income. These basic objectives were reinforced in the
Marrakesh Agreement, which established the WTO. Historically, GATT
enforced phased-in tariff reductions worldwide. Until the Uruguay
Round, which ended in 1994, the trade negotiations focused on
nonagricultural goods, mainly because the U.S. wanted to protect its
farm sector. Over the years, as the corporate interests of the
developed countries have expanded, these countries have also
lobbied for more issues to be incorporated into the GATT/WTO. Its
agenda
now
includes
telecommunications,
agriculture,
information
services
technology,
etc),
(financial,
intellectual
em considerao
economia, educao,
meio-
essas
sociais,trazendo
comunidade,
aes
otimizam
benefcio
mtuo
melhorando
ou
entre
criam
a
qualidade
programas
empresa
de
vida
dos
Booster Vocabulary
agreement acordo
settlement - estabelecimento
Although
purportedly
democratic
institution,
the
WTO
is
the
natural
consequence
of
increased
trade.
Developing
foi
foi inicialmente
Gabarito: Errada
Booster Vocabulary
purportedly - aparentemente
truly - verdadeiramente
**************************************************
5. The number of items initially dealt with by the GATT and later
by the WTO has been expanding over the years.
5.O nmero de itens inicialmente tratados pelo GATT e depois
pela OMC tem estado se expandindo ao longo dos anos.
comrcio
eletrnico,
e,
possivelmente
na
prxima
rodada,
Gabarito: Certa
************************************************
QUESTO 50
In accordance with text LI-I, the GATT
1. enforced simultaneous tariff reductions around the world.
1. aplicou redues tarifrias simultneas em todo o mundo.
Gabarito: Certa
**************************************************
2. laid emphasis on agricultural products to help the United States
increase their exportation.
2.deu nfase aos produtos agrcolas para ajudar os Estados
Unidos aumentar a sua exportao.
negociaes
Rodada
do
comerciais
Uruguai,
que
focalizaram
os
terminou
bens
em
1994,
as
no-agrcolas,
Information
(Terminologia)
Designao
Gabarito: Errada
***********************************************
QUESTO 51
Based on text LI-I one can conclude that the WTO.
Baseado no texto LI-I pode-se concluir que a OMC.
**********************************************
3. has the means to persuade countries to follow its trade rules.
3. tem os meios para convencer os pases a seguir as suas regras
de comrcio.
Countries that do not abide by its trade rules are taken to court and
can eventually face retaliation.
Pases que no cumprem as suas regras de comrcio so levados a
tribunal e podem eventualmente enfrentar retaliaes.
Gabarito: Certa
information
technology,
etc),
(financial,
intellectual
investment,
government
procurement,
and
competition policy.
Sua agenda inclui agora a agricultura, servios (financeiros,
telecomunicaes,
tecnologia
da
informao,
etc),
direitos
de
Fonte: http://ec.europa.eu/competition/consumers/what_pt.html
Gabarito: Certa
*************************************************
5. has been kept free from the lobbies of powerful corporations.
5. foi mantida livre dos lobbies das corporaes poderosas.
Translation:
WTO and developing countries
The World Trade Organization (WTO) replaced the General
Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in 1995. Compared to GATT,
the WTO is much more powerful because of its institutional
foundation and its dispute settlement system. Countries that do not
abide by its trade rules are taken to court and can eventually face
retaliation.
A OMC e os pases em desenvolvimento
A Organizao Mundial do Comrcio (OMC) substituiu o Acordo
Geral sobre Tarifas e Comrcio (GATT) em 1995. Em comparao
com o GATT, a OMC muito mais poderosa por causa de sua base
institucional e seu sistema de soluo de controvrsias. Pases que
no cumprem as suas regras de comrcio so levados a tribunal e
podem eventualmente enfrentar retaliaes.
*****************************************************
The GATT preamble (1947) states that trade and economic
endeavour should be conducted with a view to raising standards of
living, ensuring full employment and a large and steadily growing
volume of real income. These basic objectives were reinforced in the
Marrakesh Agreement, which established the WTO. Historically, GATT
enforced phased-in tariff reductions worldwide. Until the Uruguay
Round, which ended in 1994, the trade negotiations focused on
nonagricultural goods, mainly because the U.S. wanted to protect its
farm sector. Over the years, as the corporate interests of the
developed countries have expanded, these countries have also
lobbied for more issues to be incorporated into the GATT/WTO. Its
agenda
now
includes
telecommunications,
agriculture,
information
services
technology,
etc),
(financial,
intellectual
comerciais
focaram
os
bens
no-agrcolas,
inclui
telecomunicaes,
agora
tecnologia
agricultura,
da
servios
informao,
etc),
(financeiros,
direitos
de
Kwa.
Focus
on
the
Global
South.
Internet:
data
Vocabulary:
Abide permanecer, habitar
Agreement acordo, contrato
Although embora, apesar de
Corporate interests interesses corporativos
Employment emprego, ocupao
Endeavour esforo, empenho
Ensure garantir, assegurar
Focus ponto de convergncia, central
Full completo, cheio
Goverment procurement compra ou aquisio do governo
Growing - crescente
Income salrio, renda, receita
Lead conduzir, liderar
Living sustento, subsistncia
Lobby ante-sala, grupo de presso para influenciar a legislao
Mainly principalmente, sobretudo
Pervade impregnar, infiltrar-se em, permear
****************************************
Synonyms:
Abide stay, put up
Agreement understanding, accord
Although despite, notwithstanding
Employment job, business
Endeavour effort, enterprise
Ensure guarantee, confirm
Focus direction, concentrate
Full- total, replete
Growing maturation, development
Income earnings, means, salary
Lead principal, guide
Living support, sustenance
Lobby foyer, pressure group
Mainly primarily, principally