Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Project Planning
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Project Charter
Requirements
Management Plan
Schedule Management
Plan
Staffing Management
Plan
Key staff
Quality Management
Plan
Change
Procurement
Risk Response Plan Management Plan Management Plan
Configuration
Management
Plan
Communication
Management Plan
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Product scope
Features and functions characterizing the product, service,
or result
Measured against product requirements
MODULE 3
Project Planning
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Scope Definition
Results in Scope Statement, which contains
many details concerning project and product
deliverables, as one of many basis used to
keep the project on track
Dont forget to Identify the service coverage
for:
Preparation & Resource Mobilization
Technical Solution & Infrastructure
Management of Change
Communication & Socialization
Start-up System and Commissioning
Project Hand-over
Description
What should be done?
Key Deliverable of the project.
Project assumptions
Scope Statement
Acceptance criteria
Project deliverables
Project exclusions
Project constraints
MODULE 3
Project Planning
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Scope Baseline
The approved version of scope statement, WBS, and its
associated WBS dictionary, that can be changed only through
formal change control procedures and is used as a basis for
comparison original plan + approved changes
Project Scope Statement
WBS
WBS dictionary (document
providing detailed
deliverable, activity, &
scheduling information
about each WBS
component)
MODULE 3
Project Planning
WBS Level 1
WBS Level 2
WBS Level 3
WBS Level 2
WBS Level 3
Work Package
Work Package
Work Package
WBS Level 2
Work Package is the lowest level
in the WBS, and is the point at
which the cost and schedule for
the work can be reliably estimated.
MODULE 3
Project Planning
MODULE 3
Project Planning
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Activity sequencing
Activity sequencing: Identifying and documenting relationships
among the project activities
May use diagrams, such as PDM and ADM
PDM
ADM
Mostly represented by
Activity-on-Node (AoN)
4 relationships:
Finish to start
Start to finish
Start to start
Finish to finish
1 relationship:
Finish to start
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Network Diagram
ES
EF
ES
EF
Activity Name 1
Activity Name 2
Duration (D)
Duration (D)
LS
Example
121
LF
LS
LF
ES : Earliest Start
EF : Earliest Finish
LS : Latest Start
LF : Latest Finish
A120
Draft Drawing
20 days
A140
Final Design
10 days
Initial Design
10 days
A130
Run Simulation
15 days
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Sequence Activities
Begin
End
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Network Diagram
Activity
Node
1
Node
2
Duration
Draft drawing
Example
A
10
Initial design
10 days
20 days
Node
1
A
50
15 days
No duration
Node
2
A
30
A
20
Simulation
Dummy
A
40
Final design
10 days
A
60
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Network Diagram
Finish to Start
Activity A
Start to Start
Activity A
Finish to Finish
Start to Finish
FS
SS
Activity B
Activity B
FF
Activity A
Activity B
Activity A
SF
Activity B
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Network Diagram
Leads
FS 5 days
Lags
A
B
FS + 5 days
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Sequence Activities
Precedence Calculation
Forward Calculation
Backward Calculation
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Sequence Activities
Activity
No.
Duration
(Day)
Start (ES)
Finish (EF)
Start (LS)
Finish (LF)
Total
FLOAT
(TF)
A10
A20
A30
A40
A50
A60
13
13
Early
Late
(Critical Path)
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Sequence Activities
Dependency Determination
MODULE 3
Duration
Estimation
Techniques
Project Planning
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Develop Schedule
Schedule baseline
The approved time phased plan
(for a project, a work breakdown
structure component, a work
package, or a schedule activity)
Define task list from each work
package
Estimate the duration for each
defined task
Do Network Planning to show
interdependency among tasks
Create project schedule baseline and
milestones
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Tuning Schedule
Fast Tracking
Schedule
Compression
Crashing
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Workgroup Session:
Project scheduling
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Cost Estimation
Developing an approximation of the cost
of resources needed to complete project
activities
Identifying and considering various
costing alternatives
Also considering cost tradeoffs & risks,
such as:
o Make or buy
o Buy or lease
o Resource sharing to achieve optimal
costs for project
Cost Risk: who has the cost risk in a type
of contract (buyer or seller) described in
risk management
Cost Estimating is different with Pricing
(when project is performed under contract)
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Project Cost
Direct Cost
Direct Material
Direct Labor Cost
Indirect Cost
Supervisory Cost
Construction Equipment/Tools
Overhead Cost
Fringe benefits
Office and its facilities
Variable Cost
Cost that changes with the amount of work
Cost of material, supplies, wages
Fixed Cost
Cost that does not change as production changes
Sunk Cost
Cost that has been invested into or expended upon
the project
MODULE 3
Project Planning
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Cost Budgeting
Allocating overall cost estimates to individual
activities or work packages to establish cost
baseline for measuring project performance
Some questions to ask:
Is it expensive ?
Is it a high volume item ?
Is it complex or difficult to construct?
Is there duplication ?
Is there spare capacity ?
Does it require special skills ?
High maintenance & operation costs?
Does it use obsolete materials ?
Is the design rushed ?
Project budget includes all funds authorized to
execute the project
Cost baseline == approved time-phased project
budget, excluding management reserves
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Cumulative Costs
Funding requirements
Cost
baseline
Expenditures
Time
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Workgroup Session:
Develop Project Schedule & Cost Estimation
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Project Quality
Management
Quality
Management
Concerns
Customer satisfaction
Prevention over Inspection
Continuous improvement
Management responsibility
Cost of Quality (CoQ)
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Quality Grade
The degree to which a set of inherent
characteristic fulfill requirements
(ISO 9000)
Delivered performance/result
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Quality
Management Plan
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Product return
Warranty claim
Product recall
Errata
Cost of conformance
Money spent during project to avoid
failures
Cost of nonconformance
Money spent during & after project
because of failures
Prevention costs (build a quality product) Internal failure costs (found by project)
training, document processes,
rework, scrap, repair
equipment, time to do it right
External failure costs (failures found by
Appraisal costs (assess the quality)
customer)
testing, destructive testing loss,
liabilities, warranty work, business loss,
inspections, quality audits
legal issues
MODULE 3
Project Planning
MODULE 3
Project Planning
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Functional Organization
Project Coordination
FUNCTIONAL
MANAGER
Chief Executive
FUNCTIONAL
MANAGER
FUNCTIONAL
MANAGER
FUNCTIONAL
MANAGER
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Projectized Organization
Chief Executive
PROJECT
MANAGER
PROJECT
MANAGER
PROJECT
MANAGER
PROJECT
MANAGER
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Project Coordination
Staff
MODULE 3
Project Planning
FUNCTIONAL
MANAGER
FUNCTIONAL
MANAGER
FUNCTIONAL
MANAGER
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Project Coordination
MODULE 3
Project Planning
FUNCTIONAL
MANAGER
FUNCTIONAL
MANAGER
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Project Manager
Staff
FUNCTIONAL
MANAGER
Project Coordination
MODULE 3
Project Planning
FUNCTIONAL
MANAGER
FUNCTIONAL
MANAGER
FUNCTIONAL
MANAGER
Project Manager
Staff
Staff
Staff
Project Manager
Staff
Staff
Staff
Project Manager
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
Project Coordination
MODULE 3
Project Planning
FUNCTIONAL
MANAGER
FUNCTIONAL
MANAGER
FUNCTIONAL
MANAGER
Project Manager
Staff
Staff
Staff
Project Manager
Staff
Staff
Staff
Project Manager
Staff
Staff
Staff
Project A
Coordination
Staff
Project B
Coordination
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Responsible
Accountable
Inform
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Weak Matrix
Composite
Matrix
PROJECT
Uncertainty
LOW
MODERATE
HIGH
HIGH
Technology
STANDARD
STANDARD
COMPLEX
NEW
Complexity
LOW
LOW
MEDIUM
HIGH
Duration
SHORT
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
LONG
Size
SMALL
SMALL
MEDIUM
LARGE
LOW
MODERATE
MODERATE
HIGH
DIVERSE
DIVERSE
3 OR 4
ONE
Interdependency (Within)
LOW
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
HIGH
Interdependency (Between)
HIGH
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
LOW
Time Criticality
LOW
MODERATE
MODERATE
HIGH
Project Characteristic
Importance
Customer
Adapted from: Robert Youker.Organizational Alternatives For Project Management, Project Management Quarterly, Drexel Hill, Pa.8(1), March 1977, p.21.
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Workgroup Session:
Develop Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM)
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Human
Resource
Plan
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Project Organization
Sample for Complex Project
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Stakeholder analysis
MODULE 3
Project Planning
MODULE 3
Project Planning
The Plan..
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Stakeholder management
Create & maintain relationships
between and among project team
& stakeholders
Aims to satisfy the needs &
requirements within project
boundaries
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Stakeholder
Management
Plan
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Workgroup Session:
RAM, Communication planning, Stakeholder
management
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Project Risk
An uncertain event or condition that, if it
occurs, has a positive or negative effect on a
projects objectives
Impact to:
Scope
Quality
Cost
Schedule
Uncertainty:
Known (Open)
Known Unknown (Blind or Hidden)
Unknown Unknown
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Risk Management
Plan
Methodology
Roles & Responsibilities
Budgeting
Timing
Risk Categories
Definitions of risk probability &
impact
Probability & impact matrix
Revised stakeholders
tolerances
Reporting formats
Tracking
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Risk Register
Document in which the results of risk
analysis & risk response planning are
recorded
List of Identified Risks
Risk event
Cause/root cause
Effect
Assigned risk owners
List of Potential Responses
Control actions
Risk symptoms & warning signs
Residual & secondary risks
Risk watch list
Contingency reserves
MODULE 3
Project Planning
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Risk Probability
Risk Impact
MODULE 3
Project Planning
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Risk Rankings
Evaluating Impact of a Risk on Major Project Objectives
Impact
Time
Cost
Scope
1
Insignificant
schedule
slippage
2
Delivery plan
milestone
delay
within
quarter
16
Delivery plan
Delivery plan
Delivery plan
milestone
milestone
milestone delay
delay of
delay\outside
of one quarter more than one
fiscal year
quarter
Insignificant
cost increase
<5% cost
increase
510% cost
increase
1020% cost
increase
>20% cost
increase
Scope
decrease is
barely
noticeable
Changes in
project
limits or
features
with <5%
cost
increase
Changes in
project
limits or
features with
510% cost
increase
Sponsor does
not
agree that
scope
meets the
purpose
and need
Scope does
not meet
purpose
and need
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Risk Rankings
Time, Cost, and Scope Objectives
Large Aversion to High & Very High Impacts
Translate Score to Risk Rank
Score
16
7 14
Risk
Low
Moderate
15 ++
High
Probability
Impact
10
20
40
80
16
32
64
12
24
48
16
32
16
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Threats
Opportunities
0,90
0,05
0,09
0,18
0,36
0,72
0,72
0,36
0,18
0,09
0,05
0,70
0,04
0,07
0,14
0,28
0,56
0,56
0,28
0,14
0,07
0,04
0,50
0,03
0,05
0,10
0,20
0,40
0,40
0,20
0,10
0,05
0,03
0,30
0,02
0,03
0,06
0,12
0,24
0,24
0,12
0,06
0,03
0,02
0,10
0,01
0,01
0,02
0,04
0,08
0,08
0,04
0,02
0,01
0,01
0,05
0,10
0,20
0,40
0,80
0,80
0,40
0,20
0,10
0,05
Each risk is rated on its probability of occurring and impact on an objective if it does occur. The organizations thresholds
for low, moderate or high risks are shown in the matrix and determine whether the risk is scored as high, moderate or low
for that objective
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Transfer
Eliminate threat or
protect the project
from its impact
Negative
Mitigate
Accept
Passive acceptance
Document the strategy, leaving the project team to deal with the risks as they occur,
periodically review the threat to ensure that it doesnt significantly change
Active acceptance
Usually involves establishing contingency reserve to handle the risks
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Enhance
Eliminate uncertainty by
ensuring the opportunity
happens
Increase probability
and/or the positive
impacts
Positive
Share
Accept
Allocate some/all
ownership to third party
to benefit the project
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Cause-related
Avoid
Exploit
Outsource-related
Transfer
Share
Enhance
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Workgroup Session:
Risk Analysis
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Procurement Management
Identify potential
vendors/contractors
Identify seller
selection planning
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Procurement Documents
Bid and Quotation
Generally used when the source selection
decision will be price driven.
Proposal
Generally used when non financial
consideration such as technical skills or
approach are paramount
Common names of procurement documents
IFB : Invitation for Bid
RFP: Request for Proposal
RFQ: Request for Quotation
IFN : Invitation for Negotiation
CIR : Contractor Initial Response
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Types of Contract
Fixed Price or Lump-Sum
Fixed Firm Price (FFP)
Fixed Price Incentive Fee (FPIF)
Fixed Price with Economic Price
Cost Reimbursable
Adjustments (FP-EPA)
Cost Plus Fee
(CPF) or Cost
Cost Reimbursable
Plus Percentage
of Cost
Cost
Plus(CPPC)
Fee (CPF) or Cost Plus
or Cost Plus
Percentage of Cost (CPPC) or Cost Plus
Award Fee
(CPAF)Fee (CPAF)
Award
Cost Plus Fixed
Cost Plus Fixed Fee (CPFF)
Fee (CPFF)
CostPlus
PlusIncentive Fee (CPIF)
Cost
Incentive Fee
(CPIF)
Time and Material (T&M)
MODULE 3
Project Planning
Project
Procurement
Plan