Rule: Consumer Products Energy Conservation Program: Residential Central Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps Test Procedures

Tuesday,
October 11, 2005
Part II
Department of
Energy
Office of Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy
10 CFR Part 430

Energy Conservation Program for
Consumer Products: Test Procedure for
Residential Central Air Conditioners and
Heat Pumps; Final Rule
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59122 Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 195 / Tuesday, October 11, 2005 / Rules and Regulations
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Thomas B. DePriest, Esq., U.S. 30 West University Drive, Arlington
Department of Energy, Office of General Heights, IL 60004–1893, http://
Office of Energy Efficiency and Counsel, GC–72, 1000 Independence www.amca.org; and the Air-
Renewable Energy Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20585– Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute,
0121, (202) 586–9507, e-mail: 4100 North Fairfax Drive, Suite 200,
10 CFR Part 430 thomas.depriest@hq.doe.gov. Arlington, VA 22203–1629, http://
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The final www.ari.org.
[Docket No. EE–RM/TP–97–440]
rule incorporates, by reference, into I. Introduction
RIN 1904–AA46 Subpart B of Part 430 seven test-method A. Authority
standards published by the American B. Background
Energy Conservation Program for II. Discussion of Comments
Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and
Consumer Products: Test Procedure A. General Discussion
Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. 1. Adopting References Updated Since
for Residential Central Air
(ASHRAE), as follows: Public Hearing
Conditioners and Heat Pumps • Standard 23–1993, ‘‘Methods of 2. Small-Duct, High-Velocity (SDHV)
AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and Testing for Rating Positive Displacement Systems
Renewable Energy, Department of Refrigerant Compressors and 3. Non-Defrost Heat Pumps
Energy. Condensing Units;’’ 4. Two-Capacity, Northern Heat Pumps
ACTION: Final rule.
• Standard 37–1988, ‘‘Methods of 5. Heat Pumps Having a Heat Comfort
Testing for Rating Unitary Air- Controller
Conditioning and Heat Pump B. Definitions
SUMMARY: The Department of Energy C. Testing Conditions
(DOE, or the Department) amends its Equipment;’’ 1. Section 2.2.4 Wet-Bulb Temperature
test procedures for residential central air • Standard 41.1–1986 (Reaffirmed Requirements for Air Entering the Indoor
conditioners and heat pumps. This final 2001), ‘‘Standard Method for and Outdoor Coils
rule adds new sections and revises Temperature Measurement;’’ 2. Section 2.2.5 Additional Refrigerant
several sections of the test procedure to • Standard 41.2–1987 (Reaffirmed Charging Requirements
bring it up-to-date by eliminating the 1992), ‘‘Standard Methods for D. Testing Procedures
Laboratory Airflow Measurement;’’ 1. Section 3.1.4 Airflow Through the
need for several test procedure waivers
and making it more complete. The • Standard 41.6–1994 (Reaffirmed Indoor Coil: Systems Having a Variable-
2001), ‘‘Standard Method for Speed, Constant Airflow Blower
Department also re-organized the test 2. Sections 3.1.4.2, 3.1.4.5, 3.3, 3.5.1, 3.7,
procedure to be more chronological in Measurement of Moist Air Properties;’’ and 3.9.1. Testing a Two-Capacity
its progression. The revisions to the test • Standard 41.9–2000, ‘‘Calorimeter Compressor System: Coil-Only Units
procedure do not alter the minimum Test Methods for Mass Flow Tested at Low Capacity and Differences
energy conservation standards currently Measurements of Volatile Refrigerants;’’ in High/Low Cycling
in effect for central air conditioners and and III. Summary of Other Additions and
heat pumps. • Standard 116–1995, ‘‘Methods of Changes to the DOE Residential Central
Testing for Rating for Seasonal Air Conditioner and Heat Pump Test
DATES: This rule is effective April 10, Procedure
Efficiency of Unitary Air Conditioners
2006. The incorporation by reference of and Heat Pumps.’’ A. Update and Add References for
certain publications listed in this rule is ASHRAE and ARI Standards
approved by the Director of the Federal The following joint test-method B. Air Volume Rates
Register as of April 10, 2006. standard of ASHRAE and the Air C. Cyclic Testing
Movement and Control Association D. Fanless (Coil-Only) Units
ADDRESSES: You may review copies of International, Inc. (ASHRAE/AMCA) is E. Frost Accumulation Test
all materials related to this rulemaking incorporated by reference into subpart B F. Test Tolerance Tables
at the U.S. Department of Energy, of Part 430: G. Pretest Intervals
Forrestal Building, Room 1J–018 • Standard 51–1999/210–1999, 1. Wet Coil Tests
(Resource Room of the Building 2. Dry Coil Steady-State Test
‘‘Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans for
Technologies Program), 1000 3. Dry Coil Cyclic Test
Aerodynamic Performance Rating.’’ 4. Maximum and High Temperature
Independence Avenue, SW.,
The following test-and-rating standard Heating Mode Tests
Washington, DC, (202) 586–9127,
of the Air-Conditioning and 5. Heating Mode Cyclic Test
between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday 6. Frost Accumulation Test
Refrigeration Institute (ARI) is
through Friday, except Federal holidays. 7. Low Temperature Test
incorporated by reference into Subpart
Please call Ms. Brenda Edwards-Jones at H. Multi-Capacity Systems
B of Part 430:
the above telephone number for • Standard 210/240–2003, ‘‘Unitary 1. Two-Capacity Heat Pumps That Lock
additional information regarding Air-Conditioning and Air-Source Heat Out Low Capacity at Higher Outdoor
visiting the Resource Room. Please note: Temperatures
Pump Equipment.’’ 2. Systems Having a Single-Speed
The Department’s Freedom of Copies of these standards are
Information Reading Room (formerly Compressor and a Variable-Speed Indoor
available for public review at the Fan Where Fan Speed or Air Volume
Room 1E–190 at the Forrestal Building) Department of Energy’s Building Rate Depends on Outdoor Temperature
is no longer housing rulemaking Technologies Program Resource Room I. Triple-Split Systems
materials. described above. Copies of the J. Time-Adaptive Defrost Control Systems
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: ASHRAE, ASHRAE/AMCA and ARI K. Test Unit Installation
Michael G. Raymond, U.S. Department Standards are available from the L. Test Apparatus and Measurement/
of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency American Society of Heating, Sampling Frequency
1. Inlet Plenum for Blower Coils
and Renewable Energy, EE–2J, 1000 Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning 2. Manifolded Static Pressure Taps
Independence Avenue, SW., Engineers, Inc., 1971 Tullie Circle, NE., 3. Temperature Measurement Intervals
Washington, DC 20585–0121, (202) 586– Atlanta, GA 30329, http:// 4. Temperature Measurement Accuracies
9611, e-mail: www.ashrae.org; the Air Movement and 5. Grid of Individual Temperature Sensors
michael.raymond@ee.doe.gov; or Control Association International, Inc., Within the Indoor-Side Outlet Plenum
Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 195 / Tuesday, October 11, 2005 / Rules and Regulations 59123
6. Duct Loss Correction procedure. (42 U.S.C. 6293(e)(1)) If DOE Small Equipment Engineering
7. Water Vapor Measurements Using a determines that an amended test Committee on February 27, 2001, at ARI
Dew-Point Hygrometer, a Relative procedure would alter the measured headquarters. The public hearing was
Humidity Meter, or Any Other energy efficiency of a covered product, held on March 29, 2001, at DOE
Alternative Instrument
8. Voltmeter Accuracy DOE is required to amend the applicable headquarters.1 At the public hearing,
9. Electrical Power Measurement energy conservation standard with the participants spent the majority of
M. Different Compressor Speeds and respect to such test procedure. In the time discussing the list of items
Indoor Fan Capacities Between Cooling determining any such amended energy from the proposed rulemaking for which
and Heating conservation standard, DOE is required the Department solicited stakeholder
N. Secondary Test Requirements to measure the energy efficiency or comment. One manufacturer, the Carrier
O. Calculations energy use of a representative sample of Corporation, presented a prepared oral
P. Effect of Test Procedure Revisions on covered products that minimally statement. On May 1, 2001, DOE and
SEER and HSPF
comply with the existing standard. The NIST personnel met with
IV. Procedural Requirements
A. Review Under Executive Order 12866 average efficiency or energy use of these representatives of the Carrier
B. Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility representative samples, tested using the Corporation at DOE headquarters.
Act amended test procedure, constitutes the During the comment period,
C. Review Under the Paperwork Reduction amended standard. (42 U.S.C. stakeholders, DOE, and NIST held
Act 6293(e)(2)) The Department has several phone and e-mail discussions
D. Review Under the National determined that today’s amended test about issues associated with the
Environmental Policy Act procedure does not alter the measured proposed test procedure (a revision of
E. Review Under Executive Order 13132 efficiency or measured energy use of 10 CFR part 430, Subpart B, Appendix
F. Review Under Executive Order 12988 M) and about rating untested split-
central air conditioners and heat pumps.
G. Review Under the Unfunded Mandates
Reform Act of 1995
Beginning 180 days after a test system combinations (a separate test
H. Review Under the Treasury and General procedure for a covered product is procedure issue not covered in
Government Appropriations Act of 1999 prescribed, no manufacturer, Appendix M, but in 10 CFR 430.24(m)).
I. Review Under Executive Order 12630 distributor, retailer, or private labeler The issue of rating untested split-system
J. Review Under the Treasury and General may make representations with respect combinations is not part of this
Government Appropriations Act of 2001 to the energy use, efficiency, or cost of rulemaking and will be the subject of a
K. Review Under Executive Order 13211 energy consumed by such product, future rulemaking.
L. Review Under Section 32 of the Federal except as reflected in tests conducted
Energy Administration Act of 1974 II. Discussion of Comments
according to the DOE procedure. (42
M. Congressional Notification
N. Approval of the Office of the Secretary
U.S.C. 6293(c)(2)) A. General Discussion
B. Background Nine different stakeholders submitted
I. Introduction a total of fourteen comments on the
On January 22, 2001, the Department
A. Authority January 22, 2001, proposed rule.
published a Notice of Proposed
Concurrent with this rulemaking, the
Part B of Title III of the Energy Policy Rulemaking (hereafter referred to as the
Department also conducted a
and Conservation Act (EPCA or Act) (42 January 22, 2001, proposed rule) that
rulemaking to issue new energy
U.S.C. 6291 et seq.), established the proposed a revised test procedure for
conservation standards for central air
Energy Conservation Program for central air conditioners and heat pumps.
conditioners and heat pumps. Both
Consumer Products Other Than (66 FR 6768) As summarized in the
rulemakings covered, among other
Automobiles (Program). The products January 22, 2001, proposed rule, the
consumer products, small-duct, high-
currently subject to this Program Department initiated several
velocity (SDHV) systems. In the
(‘‘covered products’’) include central air interactions, including a DOE
standards rulemaking (66 FR 7197),
conditioners and heat pumps, the workshop, phone conferences, and the
DOE stated that concerns for SDHV
subject of today’s final rule. release of multiple drafts for review and systems had been addressed by
Under the Act, the Program consists comment between DOE and modifying the test procedure for SDHV
of three parts: Testing, labeling, and the stakeholders prior to preparing the products. This test procedure
Federal energy conservation standards. revised test procedure. modification would have given SDHV
The Department, in consultation with Most of the existing test procedure
systems a higher tested value of the
the National Institute of Standards and dates back to its original publication in
Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio
Technology (NIST), is authorized to the Federal Register on December 27,
(SEER). (DOE later rejected this test
establish or amend test procedures as 1979. (44 FR 76700) The Department
procedure modification for reasons
appropriate for each of the covered modified the test procedure on March discussed in section II.A.2 of this
products. (42 U.S.C. 6293) The purpose 14, 1988, to cover variable-speed air preamble). As a result, the Department
of the test procedures is to measure conditioners and heat pumps, to address considered comments received on
energy efficiency, energy use, or testing of split-type non-ducted units, October 18, 2001, from SDHV
estimated annual operating cost of a and to change the method used for manufacturers SpacePak and Unico, Inc.
covered product during a representative, crediting heat pumps that provide a (Unico) as part of the energy
average use cycle or period of use. The demand defrost capability. (53 FR 8304) conservation standards rulemaking in
test procedure must not be unduly The January 22, 2001, proposed rule
today’s final rule on the test procedure.
burdensome to conduct. (42 U.S.C. specified dates for holding a public
6293(b)(3)) hearing and for submitting written 1 The Department held a public workshop on
If a test procedure is amended, DOE comments. At the request of ARI, the issues that would not be considered for the current
is required to determine to what extent, Department changed these specified revision to the test procedure (i.e., alternative rating
if any, the proposed new test procedure dates. (66 FR 15203, March 16, 2001) method for untested combinations, promoting
devices that compensate for installation problems,
would alter the measured energy Prior to the public hearing and at the metrification of the DOE test procedure) on the day
efficiency of any covered product as invitation of ARI, a NIST representative immediately following the close of the public
determined under the existing test attended a meeting of the ARI Unitary hearing.
(SpacePak, No. 21, Unico, No. 22) 2 The was published in 2000. The previous industry members opposed the separate-
Department also considered during this version, Standard 41.9–1988, was product-class option. DOE did not
rulemaking amended comments from referenced in the proposed rulemaking. include a separate SDHV class in the
ARI, dated October 30, 2001, that This particular standard is only January 22, 2001, proposed rule.
addressed the SDHV issue. (ARI, No. 20) referenced in section 3.11.2 of the test Instead, DOE proposed testing SDHV
A discussion of the comments and the procedure. Section 3.11.2 pertains to systems as coil-only units. Testing as
actions taken in response to them one of three allowed secondary test coil-only units would give SDHV units
follows. methods, the Compressor Calibration an immediate SEER and Heating
Method. These secondary test methods Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF)
1. Adopting References Updated Since do not affect the reported performance boost, as long as the default fan power
Public Hearing ratings. Instead, these secondary test was less than the actual blower wattage.
The January 22, 2001, proposed rule methods are used to provide a check of The SEER and HSPF boost eliminated
referenced seven ASHRAE standards, as the primary method, i.e., the Indoor Air the need for a separate product class.
well as ASHRAE Standard 51–99/ Enthalpy Method. Specifically, the Both Unico and ARI at first endorsed
AMCA Standard 210–99, and ARI cooling or heating capacity determined this approach. (Unico, No. 10; ARI, No.
standard 210/240. Since the publication using the approved primary method and 19 at p. 3) But SpacePak, Trane, and
of the proposed rule, however, two of the user selected secondary test method ultimately ARI, disagreed with the coil-
these standards have been reaffirmed must agree within six percent to only testing approach. (SpacePak, No.
and two have been revised. The two constitute a valid test set-up. The 15; Trane, No. 12 at p. 1, ARI, No. 20)
reaffirmed standards are ASHRAE revised version of ASHRAE Standard These comments noted that SDHV
Standard 41.1–1986 (Reaffirmed 2001) 41.9 is referenced in today’s test systems would be tested in a manner
and ASHRAE Standard 41.6–1994 procedure both because it does not that would never occur in real
(Reaffirmed 2001). When a standard is affect the reported ratings and because applications and, as a result, give energy
reaffirmed within ASHRAE, no it provides the most current methods for efficiency and cost-of-operation results
substantive changes are permitted to the making refrigerant calorimeter that are not representative of the unit’s
document. In the ASHRAE Project measurements. true energy performance. Furthermore,
Committee Manual of Procedures, The other revised standard is ARI SDHV manufacturers would have no
substantive change is defined as Standard 210/240–2003. The main incentive to use high-efficiency blowers
a change that involves an important (has impetus behind the 2003 revision of ARI if systems were tested without the
value, weight or consequences), Standard 210/240 was a desire to indoor blower. Finally, there is no
fundamental (is the foundation, without narrow the scope of the equipment technical basis for setting the default
which it would collapse), or essential covered by the standard. Whereas the fan-power level. For these reasons, DOE
(belongs to the very nature of a thing) 1994 version of Standard 210/240 has determined that its proposal to test
part or changes the meaning of the covered equipment up to 135,000 Btu/ SDHV systems as coil-only units is
material or that directly and materially h, the 2003 version is limited to unacceptable. As a result, today’s final
affects the use of the standard. equipment having rated capacities less rule does not amend the test procedures
Following are example changes that than 65,000 Btu/h. With regard to the to test SDHV systems as coil-only units.
may be found substantive when DOE test procedure, the January 22, DOE considered another alternative
examined in context; 2001, proposed rule referenced four for SDHV systems which it also
sections within ARI Standard 210/240– ultimately rejected. This alternative was
• ‘‘shall’’ to ‘‘should’’ or ‘‘should’’ to 1994. In the 2003 version of the to make no changes at all. In other
‘‘shall;’ standard, no substantive changes were words, test SDHV systems as they are
• addition, deletion or revision of
made to these four sections. The currently tested and require them to
mandatory requirements, regardless of
numbering/lettering of the sections, meet the same future energy
the number of changes;
however, did change slightly. For conservation standards as conventional
• or addition of mandatory
example, section 5.1.3.5 in the 1994 units. The Department rejected this
compliance with referenced standards.
document became section 6.1.3.5 in the option because it risked the continued
Thus, today’s final rule references 2003 document. Today’s test procedure existence of SDHV systems. The
ASHRAE Standards 41.1–1986 maintains the approach taken in the Department explained its position at the
(Reaffirmed 2001) and 41.6–1994 proposed rule of only referencing the public hearing on March 29, 2001: The
(Reaffirmed 2001), whereas the January four particular sections of 210/240. Department cannot set standards in a
22, 2001, proposed rule had referenced Because of this consistency, the DOE way that removes from the market a
ASHRAE Standards 41.1–1986 test procedure is unaffected by product which offers special utility.
(Reaffirmed 1991) and 41.6–1994. These referencing ARI Standard 210/240–2003 (Public Hearing Tr., p. 44)
changes have no effect on the test rather than Standard 210/240–1994. The Because today’s final rule does not
procedure itself nor on the reported reported energy efficiency ratings of the amend the test procedures for SDHV
energy efficiency ratings of the tested tested equipment are unaffected as well. units, DOE recognizes, as it did in the
equipment. January 22, 2001, energy standards final
The two revised standards are 2. Small-Duct, High-Velocity (SDHV) rule, that SDHV units will have
ASHRAE Standard 41.9–2000 and ARI Systems difficulty in meeting the 13 SEER
Standard 210/240–2003. A revision of As discussed in the January 22, 2001, standard. In the May 23, 2002, final rule
ASHRAE Standard 41.9, ‘‘Calorimeter proposed rule, Unico, a manufacturer of on central air conditioner and heat
Test Methods for Mass Flow SDHV systems, argued for creating a pump standards, DOE further discussed
Measurements of Volatile Refrigerants,’’ separate SDHV product class that was how the special characteristics of SDHV
subject to a lower future energy systems would make it unlikely such
2 These comments were received in the course of
conservation standard than the level systems could even meet the 12 SEER/
the standards rulemaking, Docket Number EE–RM–
98–440, but are relevant to this test procedure
established for conventional units. (66 7.4 HSPF standard established for space
rulemaking. SpacePak’s comments are item 267 in FR 6768) However, in the energy constrained products. (67 FR 36396)
that docket; Unico’s comments are item 251. standards rulemaking, a majority of However, because of the ruling by the
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second configured to use only low capacity progressively worse as the set point was
Circuit in January, 2004, 355 F.3d 179 when cooling, while using both low and reduced. (Trane, No. 12)
(2d Cir. 2004), that bars DOE from high capacities when heating. (66 FR Battelle offered three general
adopting a standard of less than 13 6768) The proposed test procedure recommendations. The first
SEER for SDHV systems, the 13 SEER identified such units as ‘‘two-capacity recommendation was to emphasize that
standard applies to SDHV systems, heat pumps that lock out high capacity comfort controllers operate both above
despite DOE’s later conclusion that it is when cooling.’’ At the March 29, 2001, and below the normal balance point
unlikely such systems can meet that public hearing, York expressed concern temperature. The second
standard or even the lower 12 SEER regarding the use of the term ‘‘lockout.’’ recommendation was to account for the
standard for space constrained systems. (Public Hearing Tr., p. 54) York felt the fact that conventional heat pumps and,
(69 FR 50997) Nonetheless, the inability term was too restrictive, since it could to a lesser extent, heat pumps with
of SDHV systems to meet the applicable be interpreted to mean that the lockout comfort controllers, will cycle below the
energy efficiency standards is not a new feature must be hard-wired, whereas system balance point. The third
problem created by the amendments to DOE intended the meaning to include recommendation was that DOE perform
the test procedure in today’s factory or field-selectable lockout. a parametric calculation to determine
rulemaking. Instead, these products At the March 29, 2001, public ‘‘HSPF deficits’’ due to the operation of
were unable to meet the standard under hearing, ARI commented that such units a comfort controller. (Battelle, No. 11)
the old test procedures. As a result, DOE would typically have two different The end product could potentially be a
need not amend the applicable test indoor coil identifiers and, as a result, table listing the reduction in HSPF that
procedure or standard to mitigate this two different sets of ratings. (Public results from operating the comfort
noncompliance. DOE has advised the Hearing Tr., p. 53) The ARI comment controller at different temperature
two manufacturers of these systems of was supported by many of the other settings.
the procedure available to affected participants at the public hearing. ARI The American Gas Association (AGA)
persons under section 504 of the and York submitted written comments comments paralleled those from
Department of Energy Organization Act that supported the consensus reached at Battelle. Both AGA and Battelle
(42 U.S.C. 7194), which allows them to the public hearing. (ARI, No. 19 at p. 2; recommended that the definition of
request relief from hardship or inequity York, No. 9 at p. 2) The Department HSPF specify that for heat pumps with
caused by a regulation issued under chose to adopt the public comment heat comfort controllers, HSPF accounts
EPCA. consensus and now defines these types for resistive heating contributed when
of systems as ‘‘two-capacity, northern operating either above or below the
3. Non-Defrost Heat Pumps heat pumps.’’ The Department included balance point as a result of maintaining
The January 22, 2001, proposed rule a requirement in the definition of ‘‘two- a minimum supply temperature. Both
included steps for calculating the HSPF capacity, northern heat pump’’ that the also recommended that the equation for
of a non-defrost heat pump. This manufacturer must clearly state that the the heating load factor in section 4.2.1
proposal addressed the test procedure feature is factory or field-selectable and be changed to the following:
waiver granted to Enviromaster that manufacturers must publish two
International (EMI). In 1992, the sets of ratings. Finally, the definition
BL Tj( )
Department granted EMI a waiver for its indicates that the lockout feature is to ( )
X Tj =
line of non-defrost, multi-split heat
pumps. Under the waiver, the
remain enabled for all tests. The
northern heat pump is allowed to
Q ( )
˙ T + n( RH )
h j b
Department did not require EMI to operate at high capacity during its where,
report an HSPF and instead required defrost cycle, an issue that arose at the X(Tj) = the heating mode load factor for
EMI to include in its printed materials public hearing. (Public Hearing Tr., p. temperature bin j, dimensionless
for the product the following sentence, 55) BL(Tj) = the building space conditioning
‘‘No HSPF value has been measured load corresponding to an outdoor
5. Heat Pumps Having a Heat Comfort temperature of Tj
since the heat pump cannot be operated
Controller Q̇h(Tj) = the space heating capacity of
at temperatures below 35°F.’’ EMI
finally applied to the Department’s The January 22, 2001, proposed rule the heat pump when operating at
Office of Hearing and Appeals (OHA) on included an algorithm for calculating outdoor temperature Tj, Btu/h
January 23, 2003, for exception relief the HSPF for most single-speed heat RHb = the size of each resistance heat
from the HSPF efficiency standards. pumps having a heat comfort controller. bank
OHA granted the exception relief on (66 FR 6768) At the March 29, 2001, n = the number of banks needed to
April 1, 2003. Thus, EMI has never public hearing, Trane commented that exceed the building load at each bin
calculated HSPF because of its waiver, the wording in the test procedure on the temperature.
and will not do so in the future because calculation of the energy consumed for Finally, in a slight variation from
of OHA exception relief. resistive heating by a heat comfort Battelle, AGA recommended that ‘‘DOE
Since there are no manufacturers of controller needed clarification. Trane provide direction in the test procedure
products on the market which would suggested that one use the higher of: (1) for evaluating performance of heat
actually use the proposed procedure for The resistive heating based on meeting pumps retrofitted with heat comfort
calculating the HSPF of a non-defrost the heat comfort controller’s controllers in the field, including a
heat pump, the Department has temperature setting; or (2) the resistive parametric table of HSPF by DOE region
removed from the test procedure all heating based on meeting the building for various delivered air temperatures.’’
references to non-defrost heat pumps load deficit (when operating below the (AGA, No. 18, Battelle, No. 11)
and the special caveats for calculating balance point). (Public Hearing Tr., p. Given the general support for covering
an HSPF for such units. 30) Later, Trane submitted written those heat pumps having heat comfort
comments that the algorithm, as controllers, today’s test procedure
4. Two-Capacity, Northern Heat Pumps interpreted, would overstate the HSPF covers all heat pumps having heat
The January 22, 2001, proposed rule at heat-comfort-controller set points comfort controllers, except when a heat
ER11OC05.000</MATH>
applied to a two-capacity heat pump beginning around 90°F and get comfort controller is used with a heat
pump having a variable-speed text of the test procedure, specifically, stage call, stayed on until the first stage
compressor. Test procedure section to the end of Section 4.2, ‘‘Heating setpoint was met. The Department is not
4.2.5.4 is reserved for a variable-speed Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF) aware of conventional heat pumps that
heat pump having a heat comfort Calculations.’’ use this strategy, so it did not change
controller. For all heat pumps, HSPF accounts for the the calculation of the heating-mode-load
The algorithm for calculating the heating delivered and the energy consumed factor.
HSPF of a heat pump having a heat by auxiliary resistive elements when Heat pumps with heat comfort
comfort controller is covered in sections operating below the balance point. This
controllers operate differently from
4.2.5.1 to 4.2.5.3 of today’s final rule. condition occurs when the building load
exceeds the space heating capacity of the conventional heat pumps following a
The algorithm captures the fact that the second-stage-thermostat call for resistive
balance point temperature (i.e., where heat pump condenser. For heat pumps with
heat comfort controllers (see Definition 1.26), heating. When the second-stage setpoint
the compressor first runs continuously) in addition, HSPF also accounts for resistive is satisfied, heat comfort controllers
for a heat pump with a heat comfort heating contributed when operating above reduce the resistive heating rather than
controller will be less than, or equal to, the balance point as a result of maintaining cycling it off. In this manner, the heat
the balance point temperature of that a minimum supply temperature.
comfort controller attempts to modulate
same heat pump without the heat This moved text includes the one the resistive heating so that additional
comfort controller. In response to sentence from the HSPF definition in second-stage calls are reduced while
Trane’s comments (Public Hearing Tr., the proposed rule that specifically also avoiding satisfying the first-stage
p. 30; Trane, No. 12), today’s test addressed heat comfort controllers. This setpoint. The goal is for the heat pump
procedure includes editorial additions sentence is the same one that both AGA to operate continuously below the
that alert the user to evaluate Equation and Battelle recommended changing.
4.2.1–2 for all temperature bins. The test balance point while having the resistive
Coupled with the additional paragraph heating regulated to provide a more
procedure then accounts for the in Section 4.2.5, ‘‘Heat pumps having a
resistive heating needed to satisfy the uniform delivery temperature than that
heat comfort controller,’’ the provided by a conventional heat pump.
minimum air delivery temperature of Department believes the revisions more
the heat comfort controller and the The heat comfort controller’s operation
accurately convey the operating changes when responding to a second-stage-
(additional) resistive heating needed to caused by adding a heat comfort
give an overall heating capacity that thermostat call is believed to provide a
controller. more comfortable environment for the
matches the building load.3 The Department did not adopt AGA
In considering AGA and Battelle’s homeowner, while not causing an
and Battelle’s recommendation for energy penalty. The one field study
recommended definition change, the changing the calculation of the heating-
key point is to emphasize the downward cited by both AGA and Battelle 4
mode-load factor. (AGA, No. 18, supports this assertion. Therefore, as
shift in the balance point and the Battelle, No. 11) The Department agrees
associated lower contribution by the was decided for conventional heat
with AGA and Battelle that resistive pumps, the Department did not adopt
heat pump. The Department doesn’t heating initiated as the result of a
believe that a single sentence referenced the AGA and Battelle recommended
second stage call of the indoor heating-load-factor equation within the
to heat comfort controllers within the thermostat can, under the right
HSPF definition, even when modified as section 4.2.5 calculations that only
conditions, cause a conventional heat apply to heat pumps having a heat
recommended, is sufficient. Therefore, pump to cycle below its balance point.
the definition of ‘‘Heat pumps having a comfort controller.
Even though a conventional heat pump
heat comfort controller,’’ emphasizes terminates resistive heating once the Finally, with regard to the Battelle
the downward shift in the balance point second stage setpoint is met, the and AGA recommendations that the test
and the associated lower contribution concentrated burst of resistive heating procedure contain information on the
by the heat pump. coupled with the capacity of the impact of heat comfort controllers for
The Department is amending the continuously operating heat pump may different temperature setpoints and/or
definition of HSPF by moving the cause the first stage of the thermostat to quantify the impact from an after-market
following language from the definition be met shortly after the second stage is retro-fit installation of a heat comfort
text in the proposed rule to the main met. An overshoot occurs and the heat controller, the Department agrees that
pump cycles off. The overshoot is more such information is probably warranted
3 When calculating the HSPF for a conventional
likely to occur near the balance point but judges it inappropriate for inclusion
heat pump, the section 4.2 variable Ėh(Tj) and Q̇h(Tj) in the test procedure. The scope of the
represent the electrical power and heating capacity where only a small amount of resistive
provided exclusively by the heat pump, while the heating is needed. test procedure is to test and rate new,
variable RH(Tj) applies exclusively to any resistive The existing test procedure makes the factory-supplied equipment. Addressing
heating contribution. When calculating the HSPF of
implicit assumption that an overshoot the impact of after-market products on
a heat pump having a heat comfort controller, by the performance of covered products is
comparison, the variables Ėh(Tj) and Q̇h(Tj) never occurs. AGA and Battelle’s
represent the electrical power and heating capacity proposed change assumes that an not within the purview of EPCA.
provided by the heat pump and any supplemental overshoot always occurs. The frequency However, as pointed out at the March
resistive heating needed to provide the comfort-
of this overshoot is unknown. Until data 29, 2001, pubic hearing, the test
controller-set-point air delivery temperature. The procedure may provide a framework for
variable RH(Tj), in this case, reflects any additional become available showing that
resistive heating if the combined capacity of heat overshoot occurs more often than the building code officials’ consideration
pump and the resistive heating associated with case where the heat pump runs when deciding how to handle the after-
achieving the set-point air delivery temperature is
continuously and the resistive elements market sale of heat comfort controllers.
nonetheless insufficient to meet the building load. (Public Hearing Tr., p. 32)
Electrical resistive heating for a heat pump having cycle on and off at the second stage, the
a heat comfort controller is thus allocated among Department will leave the heating-load-
two variables (Ėh(Tj) and RH(Tj)) rather than one factor calculation unchanged. The AGA 4 ‘‘Improving Occupant Comfort Without an
(RH(Tj)). This redefining allows the calculation Energy Penalty in Homes Heated by Electric Heat
procedure to capture the reduced heat pump
and Battelle recommendation would be Pumps,’’ Yuill, G.K., and Musser, A., ASHRAE
contribution, the shift to a lower balance point, and more appropriate if resistive heating, Paper 4162, ASHRAE Transactions 1998 V. 104, Pt.
the negative impact on HSPF. once initiated as the result of a second- 1.
B. Definitions 2. Section 2.2.5 Additional Refrigerant The Department considered deleting

Charging Requirements the proposed section 2.2.5. However,
In addition to the amendments to the today’s final rule contains a revised
definitions discussed above in section Existing testing procedures require
that the unit be installed in accordance version of the January 22, 2001,
II.A.1 of this preamble, today’s final rule proposed rule language. (66 FR 6792) In
with the manufacturer’s installation
modifies definitions and references as the proposed rule, for third-party
instructions. The ARI, as part of its
described below. testing, the test laboratory was not to
certification program, occasionally
An editorial correction was made to makes decisions on what is and is not consult with the manufacturer about
the citation for ASHRAE Standard 51– within the spirit of the requirement. how to charge a unit. Based on the
99/AMCA Standard 210–99. In the Thus, a policy has evolved wherein ARI public hearing comments discussed
proposed rule the words ‘‘AMCA certification testing allows procedures above, today’s final rule has modified
Standard’’ were wrongly omitted. such as break-in times for compressors this requirement. The test laboratory
and washing the oil residue from the may consult with the manufacturer
The definitions of ‘‘heating seasonal about the refrigerant-charging procedure
performance factor (HSPF),’’ and coils prior to testing. ARI does not allow
disconnecting an electrical component, and make changes that do not contradict
‘‘seasonal energy efficiency ratio the published installation instructions.
(SEER)’’ have been modified to move such as a crankcase heater. For the most
part, the Department chose to defer to The manufacturer may specify an
some text to later sections of the test alternative charging criteria to the third-
procedure. The moved text provided ARI to maintain consistency in the test
set-ups. However, the Department party laboratory if the manufacturer
complementary information that was then revises the published installation
proposed additional limits on the
better placed in the main text of the test instructions accordingly. DOE decided
specific issue of the refrigerant-charging
procedure rather than in a definition. to keep the section in an effort to convey
procedure. In the section 2.2.5 of the
Sentences from the definition of HSPF the side benefit of the allowed feedback
January 22, 2001, proposed rule, the
were moved to Section 4.2, ‘‘Heating Department proposed two additional mechanism and to emphasize that the
Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF) requirements. First, the Department goal is a lab set-up as consistent as
Calculations.’’ Similarly, one sentence sought to avoid a gray area of defining possible with a field installation.
from the definition of SEER became the when an independent test laboratory D. Testing Procedures
first sentence in Section 4.1, ‘‘Seasonal should consult with the manufacturer
Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER) on how to charge a unit. The proposed 1. Section 3.1.4 Airflow Through the
Calculations.’’ section included the sentence: ‘‘For Indoor Coil: Systems Having a Variable-
third party testing, for example, do not Speed, Constant Airflow Blower
C. Testing Conditions
consult the manufacturer about how to The January 22, 2001, proposed rule
1. Section 2.2.4 Wet-Bulb Temperature charge the unit.’’ This requirement was included additions to the test procedure
Requirements for Air Entering the thought to place extra responsibility on for systems having a variable-speed,
Indoor and Outdoor Coils the manufacturer to publish accurate constant airflow (often called constant
and clear charging instructions. CFM (cubic foot per minute)) blower.
The January 22, 2001, proposed rule The second requirement was to These additions included:
included a requirement that applied to promote the ideal of testing the unit in (1) Controlling the exhaust fan of the
wet-coil cooling tests of single-packaged a manner that is similar to its actual airflow measuring apparatus to obtain a
units where all or part of the indoor installation in the field. The Department specified external static pressure. DOE
section is located in the outdoor test proposed amendments to section 2.2.5 received no comments on this addition.
room. The requirement was that the to include the following sentence: (2) Specifying an additional test and
average dew point temperature of the air ‘‘Where the manufacturer’s installation algorithm to correct the fan power in cases
entering the outdoor coil must be within where the specified external static pressure
instructions contain two sets of
cannot be achieved during testing due to
±3.0°F of the average dew point refrigerant charging criteria, one for blower instabilities. ITS and York
temperature of the air entering the field installations and one for lab commented in favor of this addition. (Public
indoor coil. This requirement was testing, use the field installation Hearing Tr., ITS, p. 72–73, York, p. 73)
added to address concerns about criteria.’’ (3) Making use of the fan laws if a unit
equipment leakage affecting capacity At the March 29, 2001, public must be tested at an air volume rate other
hearing, ARI, ITS, and ACEEE spoke in than the (cooling or heating) Certified Air
measurements. The water vapor content
favor of allowing the independent test Volume Rate. DOE received no comments on
of the outdoor air could affect the this addition.
repeatability of the measurements. laboratory to contact the manufacturer if
(4) Allowing cyclic tests to be conducted
Similarly, leakage could present a it had any charging questions. (Public with or without the indoor fan enabled and
problem when using the Outdoor Air Hearing Tr., pages 101 to 112) This using a step profile for the air volume rate
Enthalpy test method for testing a discussion noted the value of feedback during cyclic tests. DOE received no
single-packaged heat pump where all or in assisting the manufacturer to identify comments on this addition.
mistakes or incompleteness in its (5) Imposing an 8-percent tolerance for the
part of its outdoor section is located in difference between the lab-measured and
published instructions. Such feedback,
the indoor test room. manufacturer-Certified Air Volume Rates.
if acted upon by the manufacturer,
In comments made at the March 29, could benefit the eventual field At the March 29, 2001, public
2001, public hearing and in written installer. At the public hearing, hearing, ARI, Trane, and York spoke in
comments received thereafter, York and attendees also came to the realization favor of making a change to eliminate
ARI agreed with the proposed that the attempt to prevent special lab- the eight percent tolerance. (Public
requirements. ( Public Hearing Tr., p. only charging criteria could likely be Hearing Tr., ARI, p. 69, Trane, p. 70,
79; York, No. 9 at p. 4; ARI, No. 19 at circumvented by having a single criteria and York, p. 70) ARI and York
p. 2) The Department has adopted the that listed wide ranges for such charging submitted written comments to the
proposed test requirement in today’s parameters as the targeted superheat or same effect. (ARI, No. 19 at p. 2; York,
final rule without alteration. subcooling level(s). No. 9 at p. 2) Opposition to the eight
percent tolerance was based on the The proposed test procedure sections future changes to the test procedure but
industry’s not wanting another certified 3.3, 3.5.1, 3.7 and 3.9.1 did not asks that interested industry members
parameter. ARI recommended that DOE differentiate between the default fan take the lead in quantifying the impact
limit its focus to rated capacity and power values for high capacity and low on SEER and HSPF before making
seasonal performance, SEER and HSPF, capacity. The value of 365 watts per specific recommendations on how to
and not include parameters that affect 1000 standard cubic feet per minute alter the test procedure calculations.
those values. (ARI, No. 19 at p. 2) (SCFM) was used in all cases. Only York III. Summary of Other Additions and
DOE proposed the tolerance to commented on this issue, and York’s Changes to the DOE Residential Central
provide manufacturers with assurance comment supported the proposed test Air Conditioner and Heat Pump Test
that any third-party testing would procedure. (Public Hearing Tr., p. 94, Procedure
employ a representative air volume rate. York, No. 9 at p. 3) York commented
However, these blowers have a level of that the proposed low capacity default Today’s final rule contains numerous
variability which may occasionally causes a conservative prediction of fan changes that were proposed in the
exceed the proposed eight percent power, with a resulting error too January 22, 2001, proposed rule, for
tolerance. The eight-percent tolerance insignificant to warrant a change. (York, which the Department received no
could cause several unnecessary No. 9 at p. 3) Today’s final rule adverse comments.
stoppages in testing where the impact maintains the changes on this subject A. Update and Add References for
on rated capacity and seasonal incorporated into the proposed test ASHRAE and ARI Standards
performance would be negligible. Given procedure.
The current test procedure references
the foreseeable unfavorable trade-off The final two-capacity, compressor- ASHRAE Standard 37–78 and ASHRAE
from imposing the tolerance, the system issue was whether there is a Standard 41.1 (no year), ARI Standard
Department has eliminated the eight- significant performance difference 210–79, ARI Standard 240–77, and ARI
percent tolerance in today’s final rule. between compressors (systems) that can Standard 320–76. Today’s final rule also
2. Sections 3.1.4.2, 3.1.4.5, 3.3, 3.5.1, switch between low and high stages includes references to ARI Standard
3.7, and 3.9.1. Testing a Two-Capacity over a very short time interval versus 210/240–03, ASHRAE Standard 23–93,
Compressor System: Coil-Only Units those having to turn off for a short ASHRAE Standard 37–88, ASHRAE
Tested at Low Capacity and Differences period and take longer overall to make Standard 41.1–86 (RA 01), ASHRAE
in High/Low Cycling the transition. (This issue is included Standard 41.2–87 (RA 92), ASHRAE
because DOE received comments about Standard 41.6–94 (RA 01), ASHRAE
The proposed test procedure sections it. It does not appear in the proposed Standard 41.9–00, ASHRAE Standard
3.1.4.2 and 3.1.4.5 specified that the air rule, nor in today’s final rule.) Copeland 51–99/AMCA Standard 210–99, and
volume rate used when testing two- Corporation noted that it has experience ASHRAE Standard 116–95. The
capacity, coil-only units at low capacity manufacturing both types of additional commercial standards are
(i.e., at the Minimum Air Volume Rate) compressors and that it has ‘‘observed necessary to more completely inform
is the higher of: that shutting a system down for greater manufacturers and testers about the
(1) The rate specified by the than one minute has nearly the same multiple test options, especially for the
manufacturer, or cyclic loss impact as a typical on/off CD secondary test method, and to address
(2) 75 percent of the air volume rate penalty, since the evaporator warms up as many of the small details of lab
used for the high capacity tests. almost completely.’’ Copeland testing as possible. The additional
At both the public hearing and in its encouraged the Department to study the commercial standards were all included
written comments, York opposed the issue further and stated that an in the January 22, 2001, proposed rule.
proposed 75-percent limit. (Public appropriate action may be to conduct a (66 FR 6768) Some of the commercial
Hearing Tr., pp. 81–86; York, No. 9 at test program at Intertek Testing Services standards have been updated since the
p. 3) York argued that the limit was (ITS). (Copeland Corporation, No. 13 at publication of the proposed rule as
‘‘arbitrarily derived, is unnecessary, and p. 1) York, on the other hand, expressed discussed in section II.A.1 of this
restrictive towards applying existing its opinion that the difference in preamble.
and future technologies in motor speed technology was not significant enough
controls. * * *’’ (York, No. 9 at p. 3) to warrant a change in the test B. Air Volume Rates
Conversely, at both the public hearing procedure. (York, No. 9 at p. 3) The The current test procedure references
and in their written comments, both Department has been unable to identify ARI Standard 240–77. Now, rather than
Copeland Corporation and ARI test procedure changes that could referencing ARI Standard 210/240–03,
supported the defining of a lower limit. capture a performance difference, which replaced ARI Standard 240–77,
Their written comments specifically assuming that its overall impact the Department has added its own
endorsed assigning the limit at 75 significantly alters the SEER and HSPF sections to the test procedure. The main
percent. (Public Hearing Tr., pp 86–90; ratings. The Department would have to reason for no longer referencing ARI
Copeland Corporation, No. 13 at p. 2; make assumptions about the frequency Standard 210/240 is that it does not
ARI, No. 19 at p. 2) of high/low transitions as a function of cover variable-speed and constant CFM
This 75-percent value is based on the the magnitudes of the low and high blowers. In addition, ARI Standard 210/
assumption that the two-capacity coil- stage capacities relative to each 240 does not directly address two-
only unit would most often be used temperature bin building load. Also, capacity and variable-speed systems.
with an existing multi-tap furnace data are needed to determine whether The Department believes it is preferable
blower. The low range offered from the cooling and heating mode on/off to have the overall issue of air volume
typical multi-tap motors can vary degradation coefficients could act as rates covered in one place rather than in
considerably. Nonetheless, the limited substitutes for the high/low transition two.
data collected by NIST and by industry degradation or whether a separate The test procedure set forth in this
supports the proposed 75-percent value, optional test and/or separate transition final rule no longer references ASHRAE
and DOE has included it in today’s final default values are warranted. In general, Standard 37–78 (or ASHRAE Standard
rule. the Department is willing to consider 37–88, its replacement) for the equation
used to calculate the air volume rate of how well they should seal, and how indoor fans that ramp are expected to
standard air, because the referenced quickly they should respond. Appendix have low cyclic degradation coefficients
equation is incorrect. The factor ‘‘1 D of ARI Standard 210/240–03 contains (CD) regardless of whether the ramp
+Wn’’ is missing from the denominator much of this information. Today’s final feature is used, thus the absolute
of the pertinent equation in both rule incorporates the required improvement in CD is expected to be
versions of ASHRAE Standard 37. information in sections 2.5.4.1 and 2.5.7 minor.
Today’s test procedure includes what rather than make specific references to
D. Fanless (Coil-Only) Units
DOE believes to be the correct version each pertinent section of Appendix D of
of the equation. the ARI Standard. Section 4.1 of the current test
Today’s test procedure also adopts the For dry coil tests, today’s test procedure calls for corrections to
approach used in the ISO Standard 5151 procedure final rule adopts, in section capacity and power based on air flow
of conducting each test at zero external 3.4, the language in ARI Standard 210/ measured in cubic feet per minute
static pressure when testing a non- 240–03 Appendix D with regard to the (CFM). Section 4.2 of the current test
ducted unit. requirements that the drain pan be procedure calls for corrections to
All of these ‘‘air volume rate’’ plugged and completely dry. capacity and power based on air flow
substantive changes were originally Today’s final rule clarifies in section measured in cubic feet per minute
published in the proposed rulemaking 2.8 that the requirement of making under standard conditions (SCFM). To
(66 FR 6778) and are included in today’s electrical energy measurements using an avoid confusion, the test procedure
final rule. instrument having an accuracy of ±0.5 should base corrections on either CFM
percent of reading applies during both or SCFM, but not both. ITS, which tests
C. Cyclic Testing
the ON and OFF intervals of cyclic tests. for both the industry and ARI, uses
The Department is today adopting Today’s final rule deletes the current SCFM in all cases. Therefore, in
standard industry practice and the section 4.1.3.1, ‘‘The indoor and consideration of the above, today’s test
method described in ASHRAE Standard outdoor average dry-bulb temperature procedure adopts, in sections 3.3, 3.5.1,
116. Sections 4.1.1.2, 4.1.2, 4.2.2.2, and for the cyclic dry coil test D shall both and 3.7, the practice of specifying all
5.1 of the current (1988) test procedure be within 1.0 °F of the indoor and corrections in terms of SCFM.
require measurement of the air volume outdoor average dry bulb temperature The test procedure also adopts in
rate during cyclic tests and use of this for the steady-state dry coil test C, section 2.2 the requirement in ARI
measurement in determining the total respectively.’’ This requirement is Standard 210/240–03, Appendix D, that
cooling (heating) delivered. Standard automatically met given the 0.5 °F test an enclosure be constructed using one-
laboratory practice, by comparison, is to condition tolerance associated with inch ductboard for testing a coil-only
achieve and maintain the same velocity each test. (Today’s amended test unit that does not employ an enclosure.
pressure or nozzle static pressure drop procedure is substantially re-organized;
that was obtained during the the section 4.1.3.1 in today’s final rule E. Frost Accumulation Test
comparable steady-state test. The total has no relation to the deleted section Today’s final rule adopts the
cooling (heating) delivered during a 4.1.3.1.) convention in ASHRAE Standard 116–
cyclic test, in addition, is calculated For units having a variable-speed 95 and ARI 210/240–03 of specifying
using the air volume rate measured indoor fan, the manufacturer will have the outdoor wet bulb temperature (33
during the comparable steady-state test. the option of conducting the cyclic tests °F) in place of the presently specified
Changes to adopt this industry practice with the indoor fan either enabled or dew point temperature (30 °F). Sections
and become consistent with ASHRAE disabled, the latter being the default 3.6.1, 3.6.2, 3.6.3, and 3.6.4.
Standard 116 were introduced in the option if an attempt at testing with the
proposed rulemaking and are included fan enabled is unsuccessful. See section F. Test Tolerance Tables
in today’s final rule in section 3.1. 3.5 of today’s final rule. Specifically, if The current test procedure contains
When testing split-type non-ducted the test is performed with the indoor fan tables covering all tests except steady-
(ductless) systems, section 4.1.1.5 of the operating, and the fan automatically state cooling-mode tests, for which
current test procedure provides, ‘‘The reverses, shuts down, or operates at an Table III in ASHRAE Standard 37–78 is
integration time for capacity and power uncharacteristically high external static referenced. Since the test procedure
shall be from compressor cut-on time to pressure, then the test must be repeated includes all other tables, the Department
indoor fan cutoff time.’’ The indoor fan using a pull-thru method, with the fan chose to add the needed parts of Table
is operated for three minutes prior to disabled. III (Table 7 of this document).
compressor cut-on and for three minutes Although a unit having a variable- The test condition tolerance for
after compressor cutoff during the final speed indoor fan may be designed to external resistance to air flow now
OFF/ON interval. In sections 3.5 and ramp its fan speed when cycling on applies only when testing non-ducted
3.5.2, today’s final rule adopts industry and/or off, a step response in air volume units. (See Table 7). Also, DOE has
practice and integrates power from rate is nonetheless required during added in Table 7 a test condition
compressor OFF to compressor OFF and cyclic tests. See section 3.5 of today’s tolerance for electrical supply voltage
subtracts the electrical energy associated final rule. The work associated with (previously, only a test operating
with operating the indoor fan during the moving the additional air during the tolerance was specified). The existing
initial three-minute fan-only period. ramp periods is performed by the test procedure lacked a clarification that
Space cooling capacity is integrated exhaust fan of the air flow measuring the test condition tolerance for the
from compressor ON to indoor fan OFF. apparatus. The step response begins at indoor inlet wet bulb temperature in
As with the current test procedure, fan the initiation of ramp up and ends at the Table III of ASHRAE Standard 37–78
energy for the three minutes after termination of ramp down. The does not apply for dry coil tests.
compressor cutoff is added to the rationale for imposing the step change is Therefore, today’s final rule includes a
integrated cooling capacity. mainly due to the difficulty in obtaining footnote to Table 7 that makes this
The current test procedure does not the ramp response and then making an clarification. In a similar attempt to
contain specific information regarding accurate measurement of the space clarify when particular tolerances apply,
the air dampers: where to install them, conditioning delivered. Systems having today’s final rule also includes a
footnote to tables stating that the test attained, but not for less than one hour achieved for both the indoor and
tolerances given for the outdoor outlet before data for test C are recorded.’’ outdoor test chambers, but for not less
dry and wet bulb temperatures only (Section 4.1.1.2) than two complete ‘off’/‘on’ cycles.’’
apply when using the Outdoor Air Today’s final rule: Same as proposed (Section 4.2.1.2)
Enthalpy Method to provide the for section 3.3 wet coil tests with the Today’s final rule: ‘‘After completing
secondary capacity measurement. additional requirement to ‘‘operate the
a minimum of two complete compressor
For the Frost Accumulation Test, DOE unit at least one hour after achieving dry
OFF/ON cycles, determine the overall
modified slightly the intervals coil conditions.’’ (Section 3.4)
cooling delivered and total electrical
considered to be heating versus
3. Dry Coil Cyclic Test energy consumption during any
defrosting. Specifically, in the current
The following change makes the test subsequent data collection interval
test procedure in section 4.2.3.3, the
conditions more specific than they are where the test tolerances given in Table
first five minutes after a defrost
in the current test procedure. The 8 are satisfied.’’ (Section 3.5)
termination was included in the defrost
interval. In today’s final rule, the time existing language is weaker because the 6. Frost Accumulation Test
interval has been increased to ten phrase ‘‘until steadily repeating ambient
minutes in section 3.7. This is a better conditions are again achieved’’ is The new wording is clearer about the
approximation of the time needed for comparatively subjective. goal of getting the test room to achieve
temperatures to reach equilibrium after Current: ‘‘[T]est unit shall be and maintain the specified test
defrost termination. Also, in making the manually cycled ‘off’ and ‘on’* * * conditions. It clarifies the 30-minute
test condition conversion of 30 °F dew until steadily repeating ambient requirement as a period that starts after
point to 33 °F wet bulb, the test conditions are again achieved in both the test conditions are first achieved.
operating tolerance and test condition the indoor and outdoor test chambers,
Current: ‘‘The test room
tolerance convert to wet bulb but for not less than two complete ‘off/
reconditioning equipment and the unit
temperature tolerances of 0.6 °F and 0.3 on’ cycles.’’ (Section 4.1.1.2)
Today’s final rule: ‘‘After completing under test shall be operated for at least
°F, respectively. This 0.6 °F test one-half hour prior to the start of a
operating tolerance on outdoor wet bulb a minimum of two complete compressor
OFF/ON cycles, determine the overall ‘preliminary’ test period.’’ (Section
temperature is more stringent than the 4.2.1.3)
value allowed for the steady-state tests. cooling delivered and total electrical
The 0.3 °F test condition tolerance is the energy consumption during any Today’s final rule: ‘‘Operate the test
same as required for steady-state tests. subsequent data collection interval room reconditioning apparatus and the
Because these tolerances should be less where the test tolerances given in Table heat pump for at least 30 minutes at the
stringent that those required of a steady- 8 are satisfied.’’ (Section 3.5) specified section 3.6 test conditions
state test, the test procedure adopts in 4. Maximum and High Temperature before starting the ‘preliminary’ test
Table 15 the values given in ASHRAE Heating Mode Tests period.’’ (Section 3.9)
Standard 37: 1.5 °F and 0.5 °F. 7. Low Temperature Test
The requirement for the test apparatus
G. Pretest Intervals and the test unit to operate for at least
one hour was dropped based on The existing language can be
1. Wet Coil Tests interpreted to mean that one only needs
industry comments that it had no
The following change makes the test bearing on the outcome of the testing— to achieve the test conditions
conditions more specific than they are the key is to have steady operation at immediately prior to starting the test as
in the current test procedure: the specified test conditions for an opposed to maintaining the test
Current: ‘‘The test room interval (30 minutes) prior to starting conditions for at least 30 minutes prior
reconditioning apparatus and the the test. to starting the test. The new wording is
equipment under test shall be operated Current: ‘‘The test room apparatus clearer. The new wording also clarifies
until equilibrium conditions are and test units must be operated for at the sequential process for having the
attained.’’ (Section 4.1.1.1) least one hour with at least one-half heat pump conduct a defrost.
Today’s final rule: ‘‘For the pretest hour at equilibrium and at the specified Current: ‘‘The test room
interval, operate the test room test conditions prior to starting the test.’’ reconditioning equipment shall first be
reconditioning apparatus and the unit to (Section 4.2.1.1) operated in a steady-state manner for at
be tested until maintaining equilibrium Today’s final rule: ‘‘For the pretest least one-half hour at equilibrium and at
conditions for at least 30 minutes at the interval, operate the test room the specified test conditions. The unit
specified section 3.2 test conditions.’’ reconditioning apparatus and the heat shall then undergo a defrost, either
(Section 3.3) pump until equilibrium conditions are automatic or manually induced.’’
2. Dry Coil Steady-State Test maintained for at least 30 minutes at the (Section 4.2.1.4)
specified section 3.6 test conditions.’’
The following change also makes the (Section 3.7) Today’s final rule: ‘‘For the pretest
test conditions more specific than they interval, operate the test room
are in the current test procedure. The 5. Heating Mode Cyclic Test reconditioning apparatus and the heat
industry realized the merits of this The new language is more definitive pump until equilibrium conditions are
improved wording several years ago. and easier for a test laboratory to maintained for at least 30 minutes at the
The added text is taken from a understand and implement. The specified section 3.6 test conditions.’’
prescriptive methodology that appears existing language is weaker because the (Section 3.7) ‘‘After satisfying the
within an appendix of ARI Standard phrase ‘‘until steadily repeating ambient section 3.7 requirements for the pretest
210/240–2003. conditions are again achieved’’ is interval, but before beginning to collect
Current: ‘‘The test room comparatively subjective. data to determine Q̇hk(17) and Ėhk(17),
reconditioning apparatus and the Current: ‘‘[A]nd be cycled ‘on’ and conduct a defrost cycle. This defrost
equipment under test shall be operated ‘off’ as specified in 3.2.1.2 until steadily cycle may be manually or automatically
until equilibrium conditions are repeating ambient conditions are initiated.’’ (Section 3.10)
H. Multi-Capacity Systems enclosure of the third section (mainly in L. Test Apparatus and Measurement/
an effort to reduce the operating noise). Sampling Frequency
1. Two-Capacity Heat Pumps That Lock
Out Low Capacity at Higher Outdoor Based on the limited information 1. Inlet Plenum for Blower Coils
Temperatures currently available, DOE believes that
the amount of heat lost from the indoor The current DOE test procedure does
The current test procedure in section compressor section is on the order of not require an inlet plenum when
2.2.2 covers two-capacity units that testing blower coil units. (Lab ceiling
two percent or less of the unit’s space
operate exclusively at high capacity height on vertical installation is a
conditioning capacity.
when the building load exceeds the limitation.) In today’s final rule, the
unit’s low capacity. The Department is Today’s final rule reflects the manufacturer has the option to test with
unaware of any two-capacity units that assumption that the heat loss from the or without an inlet plenum installed
implement such a control strategy, and indoor compressor section contributes when testing a ducted unit having an
so DOE is not including coverage of nothing to the unit’s overall delivered indoor fan. Space limitations within the
them in today’s final rule. However, the capacity if the compressor section is test room may dictate that the
Department is adding coverage in located in an unconditioned space. If manufacturer choose the latter option.
section 3.2.3 to address units that lock the compressor section is located in the (Section 2.4.2)
out low capacity operation at low conditioned space, it still contributes 2. Manifolded Static Pressure Taps
(heating) or high (cooling) outdoor only a negligible amount. Today’s final
temperatures. Today’s test procedure The current (1988) test procedure
rule specifies that triple-split systems
uses the CD determined based on does not discuss methods of
are not to be tested using the calorimeter
cycling at low capacity (or the manifolding static pressure taps.
air-enthalpy method arrangement (see Today’s final rule allows three
appropriate default) in all cases. note in section 2.6 of the test procedure configurations: The triple-T
2. Systems Having a Single-Speed in today’s final rule). The final rule does configuration; the complete ring, four-
Compressor and a Variable-Speed not provide for any adjustment to to-one manifold configuration; and the
Indoor Fan Where Fan Speed or Air capacity, or any algorithm or method for broken-ring, four-to-one manifold
Volume Rate Depends on Outdoor assigning/determining the heat loss configuration. (Section 2.4.1) A 1976
Temperature from the indoor compressor section. If study found the triple-T configuration to
Today’s final rule requires two triple-split systems become more be the preferred method for manifolding
additional steady-state tests for the popular and if information becomes static pressure taps.5 The broken-ring,
cooling mode (see section 3.2.2.1 and available indicating the heat loss from four-to-one manifold configuration is
Table 4) and two additional steady-state the indoor compressor section exceeds generally considered to be the least
tests for the heating mode (see section two percent of the air-side capacity, accurate of the three methods.
3.6.2 and Table 10). The additional then DOE will revisit the option of 3. Temperature Measurement Intervals
tests, at a different air volume rate, are having a capacity adjustment.
required to calculate the effect of the Today’s final rule (Definition 1.15)
variable-speed indoor fan. An additional J. Time-Adaptive Defrost Control specifies dry-bulb temperature
frost accumulation test is optional. Systems measurements at the intervals specified
in ASHRAE Standard 41.1–86 (RA01).
I. Triple-Split Systems When conducting a frost The tester must measure wet bulb
The current DOE test procedure, in accumulation test on a heat pump temperature, dew point temperature, or
sections 4.1 and 4.2.1, refers to ASHRAE having a time-adaptive defrost control relative humidity at the minimum
Standard 37–78 on the issue of system, repeatable frosting and sampling interval specified in the
laboratory set up procedures. Section defrosting intervals typically require (if definition of the term ‘‘Continuously
3.1.3 of ASHRAE Standard 37–78 obtainable at all) an excessive number of recorded.’’
requires using the calorimeter air- cycles. The tester must manually initiate 4. Temperature Measurement
enthalpy method arrangement when defrosts during the ‘‘preliminary’’ test Accuracies
testing units where the compressor is in and the ‘‘official’’ test. Under today’s
the indoor section and separately final rule, the manufacturer must Today’s final rule (sections 2.5.5,
ventilated. For this arrangement, an provide information as to how long the 2.5.6, 2.11) incorporates the accuracy
enclosure must be built around the and precision requirements of
unit would optimally frost before it
equipment within the indoor chamber. temperature measurement from
initiates a defrost, and on how to initiate
The present requirement is burdensome, ASHRAE Standard 41.1–86 (RA 01).
a defrost cycle at the appropriate
and DOE has learned no one uses it elapsed time. See section 2.2.1. 5. Grid of Individual Temperature
when testing triple-splits. Furthermore, However, the controls of the unit will Sensors Within the Indoor-Side Outlet
the heat loss from the indoor still control the duration of the defrost Plenum
compressor section should be reflected, cycle after its initiation. Today’s final rule adopts the
if at all, in an adjusted output capacity requirements in ARI Standard 210/240–
and not by a raised entering-air K. Test Unit Installation
03, Appendix D, that a temperature
temperature because the lost heat is spread of 1.5 °F or less be obtained, and
transferred to the surrounding ambient, For the most part, equipment
installation requirements under today’s that a minimum of 9 sensors compose
not dissipated within the return air the outlet temperature grid. (Section
duct. The surrounding ambient, in this final rule will continue according to the
manufacturer’s field installation 2.5.5.) The January 22, 2001, proposed
case, may or may not be part of the rule contained these DOE
conditioned space. instructions. However, today’s final rule
adopts the lab and field practice of recommendations (66 FR 6796):
The amount of heat dissipated to the
ambient by the indoor compressor insulating the low pressure line(s) of a 5 ‘‘The Design of Piezometer Rings’’ by K. A.
section of such units is usually split system. See section 2.2. Blake, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 78, 1976,
minimized as a result of the insulated part 2, pp. 415–428.
DOE recommends using 16 M. Different Compressor Speeds and P. Effect of Test Procedure Revisions on
temperature sensors within each Indoor Fan Capacities Between Cooling SEER and HSPF
temperature grid. DOE recommends and Heating The most significant revisions to the
installing redundant inlet and outlet dry test procedure in this final rule adopt
bulb temperature sensors and The existing test procedure covers
industry practices and clear up gray
particularly a thermopile. If using variable-speed systems that operate at
areas with more precise instructions. No
thermocouples, DOE recommends the higher speeds when heating than when
existing requirements are changed, but
following: cooling. Today’s final rule extrapolates new requirements are added. Based on
this allowance to coverage of two- its development, review and analysis of
(1) Use 24 gauge wire;
capacity, northern heat pumps (see the test procedure revisions being
(2) Remove approximately 1 inch of section 4.2). Today’s rule covers any
insulation from each lead when published today, the Department
case where the heat pump uses different believes that these test procedure
preparing to make a junction; and fan speeds or air volume rates for revisions will have no material impact
(3) Use no more than two bonded cooling versus when heating. (Section on the measured values of SEER and
turns per junction. 3.1.4.4.2) HSPF, and thus it has satisfied the
The Department believes these N. Secondary Test Requirements requirement of 42 U.S.C. 6293(e)(1): ‘‘In
recommendations to be sound, but the case of any amended test procedure
today’s final rule omits them because When using the Outdoor Air Enthalpy which is prescribed pursuant to this
recommendations are not appropriate in test method, the tester must conduct a section, the Secretary shall determine,
a regulatory test procedure. preliminary test to compensate, if in the rulemaking carried out with
necessary, for any performance impact respect to prescribing such procedure,
6. Duct Loss Correction resulting from the outdoor air-side test to what extent, if any, the proposed test
apparatus. (Section 3.11.1) In the procedure would alter the measured
Today’s final rule includes a
existing test procedure, a preliminary energy efficiency, measured energy use,
correction for the heat transfer between
test is conducted prior to all steady-state or measured water use of any covered
the test room and an outlet duct
tests (i.e., those tests that require a product as determined under the
sandwiched between the coil and the
secondary measurement of capacity). existing test procedure.’’ In the January
outlet temperature grid. (Section 3.11)
Today’s final rule relaxes this 22, 2001, proposed rule, the Department
This correction is already an industry
requirement. Section 3.11.1 indicates asked for comments on this issue (66 FR
practice.
that the number of preliminary tests can 6782), and received no comments
7. Water Vapor Measurements Using a be reduced in most cases to one (for air contending that these revisions would
Dew-Point Hygrometer, a Relative conditioners or heating-only heat impact measured values of SEER and
Humidity Meter, or Any Other HSPF.
pumps) or two (for heat pumps): One for
Alternative Instrument
the first cooling mode steady-state test IV. Procedural Requirements
Today’s final rule explicitly permits and one for the first heating mode
A. Review Under Executive Order 12866
alternatives to using wet bulb steady-state test. The above ‘‘test
temperature sensors. To ease apparatus and measurement/sampling It has been determined that today’s
instrumentation selection, the rule frequency’’ substantive changes were regulatory action is not a ‘‘significant
specifies required instrument accuracies introduced in the proposed rulemaking regulatory action’’ under Executive
for dew point hygrometers and relative and are maintained in today’s final rule. Order 12866, ‘‘Regulatory Planning and
humidity meters. (Section 2.5.6) (Section 3.11.1) Review,’’ 58 FR 51735 (October 4, 1993).
Accordingly, this action was not subject
8. Voltmeter Accuracy O. HSPF Calculations to review under the Executive Order by
the Office of Information and Regulatory
The required accuracy of voltage Today’s final rule does not include Affairs (OIRA) of the Office of
measurements has been changed from the final paragraph of sections 5.2.1 and Management and Budget (OMB) .
±2 percent to ±1 percent. (Section 2.7) 5.2.2 of the current test procedure. The
paragraph in question reads ‘‘Once the B. Review Under the Regulatory
9. Electrical Power Measurement Flexibility Act
maximum and minimum HSPF and
Adjustable-speed-driven motors, as operating cost values have been The Regulatory Flexibility Act (5
used in a variable-speed compressor, obtained for each region, the HSPF and U.S.C. 601 et seq.) requires preparation
distort the input current and, to a lesser operating cost shall be determined for of an initial regulatory flexibility
degree, voltage waveforms. For reasons each standardized design heating analysis for any rule that by law must
that were outlined in the preamble of requirement (see section 6.2.6) between be proposed for public comment, unless
the January 22, 2001, proposed rule (66 the maximum and minimum design the agency certifies that the rule, if
FR 6779), today’s final rule (Section 2.8) heating requirements by means of promulgated, will not have a significant
eschews the use of induction type interpolation.’’ The number of required economic impact on a substantial
meters for measuring such non- HSPF calculations is covered in 10 CFR number of small entities. As required by
sinusoidal power. The January 22, 2001, Subpart B, 430.23(m)(3)(ii). In today’s Executive Order 13272, ‘‘Proper
proposed rule included a final rule, this section of the CFR is Consideration of Small Entities in
recommendation to use a meter capable noted in the Definition (1.27) for HSPF. Agency Rulemaking,’’ 67 FR 53461
of sampling up to the 50th harmonic. Because of the relative ease of (August 16, 2002), DOE published
Sampling up to the 50th harmonic automating the calculation process, and procedures and policies on February 19,
reduces the chances for measurement the nonlinearity of the HSPF-versus- 2003, to ensure that the potential
errors, but the extra expense for such a design-heating-requirement impacts of its rules on small entities are
piece of equipment may not be justified, relationship, today’s final rule makes no properly considered during the
so today’s final rule does not require its reference to obtaining HSPF or rulemaking process. (68 FR 7990) DOE
use. operating cost via interpolation. has made its procedures and policies
available on the Office of General and has determined that it does not economy. (2 U.S.C. 1532(a), (b)) UMRA
Counsel’s Web site: http:// preempt State law and does not have a also requires a Federal agency to
www.gc.doe.gov. substantial direct effect on the States, on develop an effective process to permit
DOE reviewed today’s rule under the the relationship between the national timely input by elected officers of State,
provisions of the Regulatory Flexibility government and the States, or on the local, and Tribal governments on a
Act and the procedures and policies distribution of power and proposed ‘‘significant intergovernmental
published on February 19, 2003. DOE responsibilities among the various mandate,’’ and requires an agency plan
certified in the January 22, 2001, levels of government. No further action for giving notice and opportunity for
proposed rule that the proposed rule is required by Executive Order 13132. timely input to potentially affected
would not impose a significant small governments before establishing
economic impact on a substantial F. Review Under Executive Order 12988
any requirements that might
number of small entities. (66 FR 6780) With respect to the review of existing significantly or uniquely affect small
DOE received no comments on this regulations and the promulgation of governments. On March 18, 1997, DOE
issue, and after considering the new regulations, section 3(a) of published a statement of policy on its
potential small entity impact of this Executive Order 12988, ‘‘Civil Justice process for intergovernmental
final rule, DOE affirms the certification Reform’’ (61 FR 4729, February 7, 1996), consultation under UMRA (62 FR
that this rule will not have a significant imposes on Federal agencies the general 12820) (also available at http://
economic impact on a substantial duty to adhere to the following www.gc.doe.gov). The rule published
number of small entities. requirements: (1) Eliminate drafting today contains neither an
errors and ambiguity; (2) write intergovernmental mandate, nor a
C. Review Under the Paperwork regulations to minimize litigation; and
Reduction Act mandate that may result in an
(3) provide a clear legal standard for expenditure of $100 million or more in
This rulemaking imposes no new affected conduct rather than a general any year, so these requirements do not
information or record keeping standard and promote simplification apply.
requirements under the Paperwork and burden reduction. Section 3(b) of
Reduction Act. (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.) Executive Order 12988 specifically H. Review Under the Treasury and
requires that Executive agencies make General Government Appropriations
D. Review Under the National Act of 1999
every reasonable effort to ensure that the
Environmental Policy Act
regulation: (1) Clearly specifies the
DOE has determined that this rule Section 654 of the Treasury and
preemptive effect, if any; (2) clearly
falls into a class of actions that are General Government Appropriations
specifies any effect on existing Federal
categorically excluded from review Act, 1999 (Pub. L. 105–277) requires
law or regulation; (3) provides a clear
under the National Environmental legal standard for affected conduct Federal agencies to issue a Family
Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et while promoting simplification and Policymaking Assessment for any rule
seq.) and the Department’s burden reduction; (4) specifies the that may affect family well-being. This
implementing regulations at 10 CFR part retroactive effect, if any; (5) adequately rule would not have any impact on the
1021. This rule amends an existing rule defines key terms; and (6) addresses autonomy or integrity of the family as
without changing its environmental other important issues affecting clarity an institution. Accordingly, DOE has
effect, and, therefore, is covered by the and general draftsmanship under any concluded that it is not necessary to
Categorical Exclusion in paragraph A5 guidelines issued by the Attorney prepare a Family Policymaking
to subpart D, 10 CFR part 1021. General. Section 3(c) of Executive Order Assessment.
Accordingly, neither an environmental 12988 requires Executive agencies to I. Review Under Executive Order 12630
assessment nor an environmental review regulations in light of applicable
impact statement is required. standards in section 3(a) and section DOE has determined, under Executive
3(b) to determine whether they are met Order 12630, ‘‘Governmental Actions
E. Review Under Executive Order 13132 and Interference with Constitutionally
or it is unreasonable to meet one or
Executive Order 13132, ‘‘Federalism,’’ more of them. DOE has completed the Protected Property Rights,’’ 53 FR 8859
64 FR 43255 (August 4, 1999) imposes required review and determined that, to (March 18, 1988) that this regulation
certain requirements on agencies the extent permitted by law, this rule would not result in any takings which
formulating and implementing policies meets the relevant standards of might require compensation under the
or regulations that preempt State law or Executive Order 12988. Fifth Amendment to the United States
that have federalism implications. The Constitution.
Executive Order requires agencies to G. Review Under the Unfunded
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 J. Review Under the Treasury and
examine the constitutional and statutory General Government Appropriations
authority supporting any action that Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Act of 2001
would limit the policymaking discretion Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104–4)
of the States and to carefully assess the (UMRA) requires each Federal agency to The Treasury and General
necessity for such actions. The assess the effects of Federal regulatory Government Appropriations Act, 2001
Executive Order also requires agencies actions on State, local, and Tribal (44 U.S.C. 3516, note) provides for
to have an accountable process to governments and the private sector. For agencies to review most disseminations
ensure meaningful and timely input by a proposed regulatory action that may of information to the public under
State and local officials in the result in the expenditure by State, local guidelines established by each agency
development of regulatory policies that and Tribal governments, in the pursuant to general guidelines issued by
have federalism implications. On March aggregate, or by the private sector of OMB. OMB’s guidelines were published
14, 2000, DOE published a statement of $100 million or more (adjusted annually at 67 FR 8452 (February 22, 2002), and
policy describing the intergovernmental for inflation), section 202 of UMRA DOE’s guidelines were published at 67
consultation process it will follow in the requires a Federal agency to publish FR 62446 (October 7, 2002). DOE has
development of such regulations. (65 FR estimates of the resulting costs, benefits, reviewed today’s notice under the OMB
13735) DOE has examined today’s rule and other effects on the national and DOE guidelines and has concluded
that it is consistent with applicable Commission concerning the impact of 4. American Society of Heating,
policies in those guidelines. these two standards on competition, and Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning
neither recommended against Engineers Standard 41.1–1986 (Reaffirmed
K. Review Under Executive Order 13211 2001), ‘‘Standard Method for Temperature
incorporation of these standards.
Executive Order 13211, ‘‘Actions Measurement.’’
M. Congressional Notification 5. American Society of Heating,
Concerning Regulations That Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, As required by 5 U.S.C. 801, DOE will Engineers Standard 41.2–1987 (Reaffirmed
Distribution, or Use,’’ 66 FR 28355 (May report to Congress on the promulgation 1992), ‘‘Standard Methods for Laboratory
22, 2001) requires Federal agencies to of today’s rule prior to its effective date. Airflow Measurement.’’
prepare and submit to OIRA, a The report will state that it has been 6. American Society of Heating,
Statement of Energy Effects for any determined that the rule is not a ‘‘major Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning
proposed significant energy action. A rule’’ as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2). Engineers Standard 41.6–1994 (Reaffirmed
‘‘significant energy action’’ is defined as 2001), ‘‘Standard Method for Measurement of
N. Approval of the Office of the Moist Air Properties.’’
any action by an agency that
Secretary 7. American Society of Heating,
promulgated or is expected to lead to Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning
promulgation of a final rule, and that: The Secretary of Energy has approved Engineers Standard 41.9–2000, ‘‘Calorimeter
(1) Is a significant regulatory action publication of today’s rule. Test Methods for Mass Flow Measurements
under Executive Order 12866, or any List of Subjects in 10 CFR Part 430 of Volatile Refrigerants.’’
successor order; and (2) is likely to have 8. American Society of Heating,
a significant adverse effect on the Administrative practice and Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning
supply, distribution, or use of energy, or procedure, Energy conservation, Engineers Standard 116–1995, ‘‘Methods of
(3) is designated by the Administrator of Household appliances, Incorporation by Testing for Rating for Seasonal Efficiency of
reference. Unitary Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps.’’
OIRA as a significant energy action. For
9. American Society of Heating,
any proposed significant energy action, Issued in Washington, DC, on July 21, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning
the agency must give a detailed 2005. Engineers/Air Movement and Control
statement of any adverse effects on Douglas L. Faulkner, Association International, Inc. Standard 51–
energy supply, distribution, or use Acting Assistant Secretary, Energy Efficiency 1999/210–1999, ‘‘Laboratory Methods of
should the proposal be implemented, and Renewable Energy. Testing Fans for Aerodynamic Performance
and of reasonable alternatives to the ■ For the reasons set forth in the Rating.’’
action and their expected benefits on preamble, Part 430 of Chapter II of Title * * * * *
energy supply, distribution, and use. 10, Code of Federal Regulations is (8) Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
Today’s regulatory action would not amended as set forth below. Institute (ARI), 4100 North Fairfax
have a significant adverse effect on the Drive, Suite 200, Arlington, Virginia
supply, distribution, or use of energy PART 430—ENERGY CONSERVATION 22203–1629, (703) 524–8800, ARI
and, therefore, is not a significant PROGRAM FOR CONSUMER Standard 210/240–2003, ‘‘Unitary Air-
energy action. Accordingly, DOE has not PRODUCTS Conditioning and Air-Source Heat
prepared a Statement of Energy Effects. Pump Equipment.’’
■ 1. The authority citation for Part 430
L. Review Under Section 32 of the continues to read as follows: * * * * *
Federal Energy Administration Act of ■ 3. Section 430.23 of subpart B is
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6291–6309; 28 U.S.C.
1974 2461 note.
amended by revising the section
Under section 301 of the Department heading, paragraph (m) introductory
■ 2. Section 430.22 is amended: heading and paragraph (m)(1), (2), and
of Energy Organization Act (Pub. L. 95– ■ a. In paragraph (b)(1) by adding
91), the Department of Energy must (3) to read as follows:
paragraph (b)(1)8.
comply with section 32 of the Federal ■ b. In paragraph (b)(5) by removing § 430.23 Test procedure for measures of
Energy Administration Act of 1974 paragraph (b)(5)2., and adding new energy consumption.
(FEAA), as amended by the Federal paragraphs (b)(5)2. through (b)(5)9. * * * * *
Energy Administration Authorization ■ c. By adding paragraph (b)(8). (m) Central air conditioners and heat
Act of 1977. (15 U.S.C. 788) Section 32 The additions specified above read as pumps. (1) The estimated annual
provides in essence that, where a follows: operating cost for cooling-only units and
proposed rule contains or involves use air-source heat pumps shall be one of
§ 430.22 Reference Sources.
of commercial standards, the notice of the following:
proposed rulemaking must inform the * * * * * (i) For cooling-only units or the
public of the use and background of (b) * * * cooling portion of the estimated annual
such standards. This final rule (1) * * *
operating cost for air-source heat pumps
incorporates nine commercial standards 8. ANSI Standard Z21.56–1994, ‘‘Gas-Fired which provide both heating and cooling,
as discussed in section II.A.1 of this Pool Heaters,’’ section 2.9. the product of:
preamble. * * * * * (A) The quotient of the cooling
The Department has evaluated these (5) * * * capacity, in Btu’s per hour, determined
standards and is unable to conclude 2. American Society of Heating, from the steady-state wet-coil test (A or
whether they fully comply with the Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning A2 Test), as described in section 3.2 of
requirements of section 32(b) of the Engineers Standard 23–1993, ‘‘Methods of appendix M to this subpart, divided by
FEAA, i.e., that they were developed in Testing for Rating Positive Displacement the seasonal energy efficiency ratio
a manner which fully provides for Refrigerant Compressors and Condensing (SEER), in Btu’s per watt-hour,
public participation, comment and Units.’’
3. American Society of Heating,
determined from section 4.1 of
review. As required by Section 32(c) of Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning appendix M to this subpart;
the FEAA, the Department has Engineers Standard 37–1988, ‘‘Methods of (B) The representative average use
consulted with the Attorney General Testing for Rating Unitary Air-Conditioning cycle for cooling of 1,000 hours per
and the Chairman of the Federal Trade and Heat Pump Equipment.’’ year;
(C) A conversion factor of 0.001 (B) The estimated number of regional section 4.1 of appendix M to this
kilowatt per watt; and cooling load hours per year determined subpart, rounded off to the nearest 0.05.
(D) The representative average unit from Figure 3 in section 4.3 of appendix (ii) The heating mode efficiency
cost of electricity in dollars per M to this subpart; measure for air-source heat pumps shall
kilowatt-hour as provided pursuant to (C) A conversion factor of 0.001 be the heating seasonal performance
section 323(b)(2) of the Act, the kilowatts per watt; and factors (HSPF), in Btu’s per watt-hour,
resulting product then being rounded (D) The representative average unit determined according to section 4.2 of
off to the nearest dollar per year. cost of electricity in dollars per appendix M to this subpart for each
(ii) For air-source heat pumps which kilowatt-hour as provided pursuant to applicable standardized design heating
provide only heating or the heating section 323(b)(2) of the Act, the requirement within each climatic
portion of the estimated annual resulting product then being rounded region, rounded off to the nearest 0.05.
operating cost for air-source heat pumps off to the nearest dollar per year. (iii) The annual efficiency measure for
which provide both heating and cooling, (ii) For air-source heat pumps which air-source heat pumps which provide
the product of: provide only heating or the heating heating and cooling, shall be the annual
(A) The quotient of the standardized portion of the estimated regional annual performance factors (APF), in Btu’s per
design heating requirement, in Btu’s per operating cost for air-source heat pumps watt-hour, determined according to
hour, nearest to the heating Region IV which provide both heating and cooling, section 4.3 of appendix M to this
minimum design heating requirement, the product of: subpart for each standardized design
determined in section 4.2 of appendix (A) The estimated number of regional heating requirement within each
M to this subpart, divided by the heating load hours per year determined climatic region, rounded off to the
heating seasonal performance factor from Figure 2 in section 4.3 of appendix nearest 0.05.
(HSPF), in Btu’s per watt-hour, M to this subpart; * * * * *
calculated for heating Region IV (B) The quotient of the standardized ■ 4. Section 430.24 of subpart B is
corresponding to the above-mentioned design heating requirement, in Btu’s per amended by revising the introductory
standardized design heating hour, for the appropriate generalized text for paragraph (m)(1) to read as
requirement and determined in section climatic region of interest (i.e., follows:
4.2 of appendix M to this subpart; corresponding to the regional heating
(B) The representative average use load hours from ‘‘A’’) and determined in § 430.24 Units to be tested.
cycle for heating of 2,080 hours per section 4.2 of appendix M to this * * * * *
year; subpart, divided by the heating seasonal (m)(1) For central air conditioners and
(C) The adjustment factor of 0.77 performance factor (HSPF), in Btu’s per heat pumps, each condensing unit
which serves to adjust the calculated watt-hour, calculated for the appropriate (outdoor unit) shall have a condenser-
design heating requirement and heating generalized climatic region of interest evaporator (outdoor coil-indoor coil)
load hours to the actual load and corresponding to the above- combination selected and a sample of
experienced by a heating system; mentioned standardized design heating sufficient size tested in accordance with
(D) A conversion factor of 0.001 requirement while being determined in applicable provisions of this subpart
kilowatt per watt; and section 4.2 of appendix M to this such that
(E) The representative average unit subpart; * * * * *
cost of electricity in dollars per (C) The adjustment factor of 0.77 ■ 5. Appendix M to Subpart B is revised
kilowatt-hour as provided pursuant to which serves to adjust the calculated to read as follows:
section 323(b)(2) of the Act, the design heating requirement and heating
Appendix M to Subpart B of Part 430—
resulting product then being rounded load hours to the actual load
Uniform Test Method for Measuring the
off to the nearest dollar per year. experienced by a heating system;
Energy Consumption of Central Air
(iii) For air-source heat pumps which (D) A conversion factor of 0.001
Conditioners and Heat Pumps
provide both heating and cooling, the kilowatts per watt; and
estimated annual operating cost is the (E) The representative average unit 1. DEFINITIONS
sum of the quantity determined in cost of electricity in dollars per 2. TESTING CONDITIONS
paragraph (m)(1)(i) of this section added kilowatt-hour as provided pursuant to
2.1 Test room requirements.
to the quantity determined in paragraph section 323(b)(2) of the Act, the 2.2 Test unit installation requirements.
(m)(1)(ii) of this section. resulting product then being rounded 2.2.1 Defrost control settings.
(2) The estimated regional annual off to the nearest dollar per year. 2.2.2 Special requirements for units
operating cost for cooling-only units and (iii) For air-source heat pumps which having a multiple-speed outdoor fan.
for air-source heat pumps shall be one provide both heating and cooling, the 2.2.3 Special requirements for multi-split
of the following: estimated regional annual operating cost air conditioners and heat pumps, and
(i) For cooling-only units or the is the sum of the quantity determined in systems composed of multiple mini-split
units (outdoor units located side-by-side) that
cooling portion of the estimated regional paragraph (m)(3)(i) of this section added
would normally operate using two or more
annual operating cost for air-source heat to the quantity determined in paragraph indoor thermostats.
pumps which provide both heating and (m)(3)(ii) of this section. 2.2.4 Wet-bulb temperature requirements
cooling, the product of: (3) The measure(s) of efficiency of for the air entering the indoor and outdoor
(A) The quotient of the cooling performance for cooling-only units and coils.
capacity, in Btu’s per hour, determined air-source heat pumps shall be one or 2.2.4.1 Cooling mode tests.
from the steady-state wet-coil test (A or more of the following: 2.2.4.2 Heating mode tests.
A2 Test), as described in section 3.2 of (i) The cooling mode efficiency 2.2.5 Additional refrigerant charging
requirements.
appendix M to this subpart, divided by measure for cooling-only units and air- 2.3 Indoor air volume rates.
the seasonal energy efficiency ratio source heat pumps which provide 2.3.1 Cooling tests.
(SEER), in Btu’s per watt-hour, cooling shall be the seasonal energy 2.3.2 Heating tests.
determined from section 4.1 of efficiency ratio (SEER), in Btu’s per 2.4 Indoor coil inlet and outlet duct
appendix M to this subpart; watt-hour, determined according to connections.
2.4.1 Outlet plenum for the indoor unit. 3.1.4.6 Heating Intermediate Air Volume 3.8.1 Heating mode cyclic degradation
2.4.2 Inlet plenum for the indoor unit. Rate. coefficient calculation.
2.5 Indoor coil air property 3.1.4.7 Heating Nominal Air Volume 3.9 Test procedures for Frost
measurements and air damper box Rate. Accumulation heating mode tests (the H2,
applications. 3.1.5 Indoor test room requirement when H22, H2V, and H21 Tests).
2.5.1 Test set-up on the inlet side of the the air surrounding the indoor unit is not 3.9.1 Average space heating capacity and
indoor coil: For cases where the inlet damper supplied from the same source as the air electrical power calculations.
box is installed. entering the indoor unit. 3.9.2 Demand defrost credit.
2.5.1.1 If the section 2.4.2 inlet plenum is 3.1.6 Air volume rate calculations. 3.10 Test procedures for steady-state Low
installed. 3.1.7 Test sequence. Temperature heating mode tests (the H3, H32,
2.5.1.2 If the section 2.4.2 inlet plenum is 3.1.8 Requirement for the air temperature and H31 Tests).
not installed. distribution leaving the indoor coil. 3.11 Additional requirements for the
2.5.2 Test set-up on the inlet side of the 3.1.9 Control of auxiliary resistive heating secondary test methods.
indoor unit: For cases where no inlet damper elements. 3.11.1 If using the Outdoor Air Enthalpy
box is installed. 3.2 Cooling mode tests for different types Method as the secondary test method.
2.5.3 Indoor coil static pressure of air conditioners and heat pumps. 3.11.1.1 If a preliminary test precedes the
3.2.1 Tests for a unit having a single-
difference measurement. official test
speed compressor that is tested with a fixed-
2.5.4 Test set-up on the outlet side of the 3.11.1.2 If a preliminary test does not
speed indoor fan installed, with a constant-
indoor coil. precede the official test.
air-volume-rate indoor fan installed, or with
2.5.4.1 Outlet air damper box placement 3.11.1.3 Official test.
no indoor fan installed.
and requirements. 3.2.2 Tests for a unit having a single- 3.11.2 If using the Compressor
2.5.4.2 Procedures to minimize speed compressor and a variable-speed Calibration Method as the secondary test
temperature maldistribution. variable-air-volume-rate indoor fan installed. method.
2.5.5 Dry bulb temperature measurement. 3.2.2.1 Indoor fan capacity modulation 3.11.3 If using the Refrigerant Enthalpy
2.5.6 Water vapor content measurement. that correlates with the outdoor dry bulb Method as the secondary test method.
2.5.7 Air damper box performance temperature. 3.12 Rounding of space conditioning
requirements. 3.2.2.2 Indoor fan capacity modulation capacities for reporting purposes.
2.6 Airflow measuring apparatus. based on adjusting the sensible to total (S/T) 4. CALCULATIONS OF SEASONAL
2.7 Electrical voltage supply. cooling capacity ratio. PERFORMANCE DESCRIPTORS
2.8 Electrical power and energy 3.2.3 Tests for a unit having a two-
measurements. 4.1 Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio
capacity compressor.
2.9 Time measurements. (SEER) Calculations.
3.2.4 Tests for a unit having a variable-
2.10 Test apparatus for the secondary 4.1.1 SEER calculations for an air
speed compressor.
space conditioning capacity measurement. conditioner or heat pump having a single-
3.3 Test procedures for steady-state wet
2.10.1 Outdoor Air Enthalpy Method. speed compressor that was tested with a
coil cooling mode tests (the A, A2, A1, B, B2,
2.10.2 Compressor Calibration Method. B1, EV, and F1 Tests). fixed-speed indoor fan installed, a constant-
2.10.3 Refrigerant Enthalpy Method. 3.4 Test procedures for the optional air-volume-rate indoor fan installed, or with
2.11 Measurement of test room ambient steady-state dry coil cooling mode tests (the no indoor fan installed.
conditions. C, C1, and G1 Tests). 4.1.2 SEER calculations for an air
2.12 Measurement of indoor fan speed. 3.5 Test procedures for the optional conditioner or heat pump having a single-
2.13 Measurement of barometric pressure. cyclic dry coil cooling mode tests (the D, D1, speed compressor and a variable-speed
and I1 Tests). variable-air-volume-rate indoor fan.
3. TESTING PROCEDURES 4.1.2.1 Units covered by section 3.2.2.1
3.5.1 Procedures when testing ducted
3.1 General Requirements. systems. where indoor fan capacity modulation
3.1.1 Primary and secondary test 3.5.2 Procedures when testing non- correlates with the outdoor dry bulb
methods. ducted systems. temperature.
3.1.2 Manufacturer-provided equipment 3.5.3 Cooling mode cyclic degradation 4.1.2.2 Units covered by section 3.2.2.2
overrides. coefficient calculation. where indoor fan capacity modulation is
3.1.3 Airflow through the outdoor coil. 3.6 Heating mode tests for different types used to adjust the sensible to total cooling
3.1.4 Airflow through the indoor coil. of heat pumps, including heating-only heat capacity ratio.
3.1.4.1 Cooling Certified Air Volume pumps. 4.1.3 SEER calculations for an air
Rate. 3.6.1 Tests for a heat pump having a conditioner or heat pump having a two-
3.1.4.1.1 Cooling Certified Air Volume single-speed compressor that is tested with a capacity compressor.
Rate for Ducted Units. fixed speed indoor fan installed, with a 4.1.3.1 Steady-state space cooling
3.1.4.1.2 Cooling Certified Air Volume constant-air-volume-rate indoor fan installed, capacity at low compressor capacity is
Rate for Non-ducted Units. or with no indoor fan installed. greater than or equal to the building cooling
3.1.4.2 Cooling Minimum Air Volume 3.6.2 Tests for a heat pump having a load at temperature Tj, Q̇ck=1(Tj) ≥ BL(Tj).
Rate. single-speed compressor and a variable- 4.1.3.2 Unit alternates between high (k=2)
3.1.4.3 Cooling Intermediate Air Volume speed, variable-air-volume-rate indoor fan: and low (k=1) compressor capacity to satisfy
Rate. capacity modulation correlates with outdoor the building cooling load at temperature Tj,
3.1.4.4 Heating Certified Air Volume dry bulb temperature. Q̇ck=1(Tj) < BL(Tj) < Q̇ck=2(Tj).
Rate. 3.6.3 Tests for a heat pump having a two- 4.1.3.3 Unit only operates at high (k=2)
3.1.4.4.1 Ducted heat pumps where the capacity compressor (see Definition 1.45), compressor capacity at temperature Tj and its
Heating and Cooling Certified Air Volume including two-capacity, northern heat pumps capacity is greater than the building cooling
Rates are the same. (see Definition 1.46). load, BL(Tj) < Q̇ck=2(Tj).
3.1.4.4.2 Ducted heat pumps where the 3.6.4 Tests for a heat pump having a 4.1.3.4 Unit must operate continuously at
Heating and Cooling Certified Air Volume variable-speed compressor. high (k=2) compressor capacity at
Rates are different due to indoor fan 3.6.5 Additional test for a heat pump temperature Tj, BL(Tj) ≥ Q̇ck=2(Tj).
operation. having a heat comfort controller. 4.1.4 SEER calculations for an air
3.1.4.4.3 Ducted heating-only heat 3.7 Test procedures for steady-state conditioner or heat pump having a variable-
pumps. Maximum Temperature and High speed compressor.
3.1.4.4.4 Non-ducted heat pumps, Temperature heating mode tests (the H01, H1, 4.1.4.1 Steady-state space cooling
including non-ducted heating-only heat H12, H11, and H1N Tests). capacity when operating at minimum
pumps. 3.8 Test procedures for the optional compressor speed is greater than or equal to
3.1.4.5 Heating Minimum Air Volume cyclic heating mode tests (the H0C1, H1C, the building cooling load at temperature Tj,
Rate. and H1C1 Tests). Q̇ck=1(Tj) ≥ BL(Tj).
4.1.4.2 Unit operates at an intermediate 4.3 Calculations of the Actual and 1.15 Continuously recorded, when
compressor speed (k=i) in order to match the Representative Regional Annual Performance referring to a dry bulb measurement, means
building cooling load at temperature Tj, Factors for Heat Pumps. that the specified temperature must be
Q̇ck=1(Tj) < BL(Tj) < Q̇ck=2(Tj). 4.3.1 Calculation of actual regional sampled at regular intervals that are equal to
4.1.4.3 Unit must operate continuously at annual performance factors (APFA) for a or less than the maximum intervals specified
maximum (k=2) compressor speed at particular location and for each standardized in section 4.3 part ‘‘a’’ of ASHRAE Standard
temperature Tj, BL(Tj) ≥ Q̇ck=2(Tj). design heating requirement. 41.1–86 (RA 01). If such dry bulb
4.2 Heating Seasonal Performance Factor 4.3.2 Calculation of representative temperatures are used only for test room
(HSPF) Calculations. regional annual performance factors (APFR) control, it means that one samples at regular
4.2.1 Additional steps for calculating the for each generalized climatic region and for intervals equal to or less than the maximum
HSPF of a heat pump having a single-speed each standardized design heating intervals specified in section 4.3 part ‘‘b’’ of
compressor that was tested with a fixed- requirement. the same ASHRAE Standard. Regarding wet
speed indoor fan installed, a constant-air- 4.4 Rounding of SEER, HSPF, and APF bulb temperature, dew point temperature, or
volume-rate indoor fan installed, or with no for reporting purposes. relative humidity measurements,
indoor fan installed. 1. Definitions continuously recorded means that the
4.2.2 Additional steps for calculating the measurements must be made at regular
HSPF of a heat pump having a single-speed 1.1 Annual performance factor means the intervals that are equal to or less than 1
compressor and a variable-speed, variable- total heating and cooling done by a heat minute.
air-volume-rate indoor fan. pump in a particular region in one year 1.16 Cooling load factor (CLF) means the
4.2.3 Additional steps for calculating the divided by the total electric energy used in ratio having as its numerator the total cooling
HSPF of a heat pump having a two-capacity one year. Paragraph (m)(3)(iii) of § 430.23 of delivered during a cyclic operating interval
compressor. the Code of Federal Regulations states the
consisting of one ON period and one OFF
4.2.3.1 Steady-state space heating calculation requirements for this rating
period. The denominator is the total cooling
capacity when operating at low compressor descriptor.
that would be delivered, given the same
capacity is greater than or equal to the 1.2 ARI means Air-Conditioning and
ambient conditions, had the unit operated
building heating load at temperature Tj, Refrigeration Institute.
continuously at its steady-state space cooling
Q̇hk=1(Tj) ≥ BL(Tj). 1.3 ARI Standard 210/240–2003 means
capacity for the same total time (ON + OFF)
the test standard ‘‘Unitary Air-Conditioning
4.2.3.2 Heat pump alternates between interval.
and Air-Source Heat Pump Equipment’’
high (k=2) and low (k=1) compressor 1.17 Coefficient of Performance (COP)
published in 2003 by ARI.
capacity to satisfy the building heating load means the ratio of the average rate of space
1.4 ASHRAE means the American Society
at a temperature Tj, Q̇hk=1(Tj) BL (Tj) < heating delivered to the average rate of
of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-
Q̇hk=2(Tj). electrical energy consumed by the heat
Conditioning Engineers, Inc.
4.2.3.3 Heat pump only operates at high pump. These rate quantities must be
1.5 ASHRAE Standard 23–93 means the
(k=2) compressor capacity at temperature Tj determined from a single test or, if derived
test standard ‘‘Methods of Testing for Rating
and its capacity is greater than the building via interpolation, must be tied to a single set
Positive Displacement Refrigerant
heating load, BL(Tj) < Q̇hk=2(Tj). of operating conditions. COP is a
Compressors and Condensing Units’’
4.2.3.4 Heat pump must operate published in 1993 by ASHRAE. dimensionless quantity. When determined
continuously at high (k=2) compressor 1.6 ASHRAE Standard 37–88 means the for a ducted unit tested without an indoor fan
capacity at temperature Tj, BL(Tj) ≥ Q̇hk=2(Tj). test standard ‘‘Methods of Testing for Rating installed, COP must include the section 3.7,
4.2.4 Additional steps for calculating the Unitary Air-Conditioning and Heat Pump 3.8, and 3.9.1 default values for the heat
HSPF of a heat pump having a variable-speed Equipment’’ published in 1988 by ASHRAE. output and power input of a fan motor.
compressor. 1.7 ASHRAE Standard 41.1–86 (RA 01) 1.18 Cyclic Test means a test where the
4.2.4.1 Steady-state space heating means the test standard ‘‘Standard Method unit’s compressor is cycled on and off for
capacity when operating at minimum for Temperature Measurement’’ published in specific time intervals. A cyclic test provides
compressor speed is greater than or equal to 1986 and reaffirmed in 2001 by ASHRAE. half the information needed to calculate a
the building heating load at temperature Tj, 1.8 ASHRAE Standard 41.2–87 (RA 92) degradation coefficient.
Q̇hk=1(Tj) ≥ BL(Tj). means the test standard ‘‘Standard Methods 1.19 Damper box means a short section of
4.2.4.2 Heat pump operates at an for Laboratory Airflow Measurement’’ duct having an air damper that meets the
intermediate compressor speed (k=i) in order published in 1987 and reaffirmed in 1992 by performance requirements of section 2.5.7.
to match the building heating load at a ASHRAE. 1.20 Degradation coefficient (CD) means a
temperature Tj, Q̇hk=1(Tj) < BL(Tj) < Q̇hk=2(Tj). 1.9 ASHRAE Standard 41.6–94 (RA 01) parameter used in calculating the part load
4.2.4.3 Heat pump must operate means the test standard ‘‘Method for factor. The degradation coefficient for cooling
continuously at maximum (k=2) compressor Measurement of Moist Air Properties’’ is denoted by CDc. The degradation
speed at temperature Tj, BL(Tj) ≥ Q̇hk=2(Tj). published in 1994 and reaffirmed in 2001 by coefficient for heating is denoted by CDh.
4.2.5 Heat pumps having a heat comfort ASHRAE. 1.21 Demand-defrost control system
controller. 1.10 ASHRAE Standard 41.9–00 means means a system that defrosts the heat pump
4.2.5.1 Heat pump having a heat comfort the test standard ‘‘Calorimeter Test Methods outdoor coil only when measuring a
controller: Additional steps for calculating for Mass Flow Measurements of Volatile predetermined degradation of performance.
the HSPF of a heat pump having a single- Refrigerants’’ published in 2000 by ASHRAE. The heat pump’s controls monitor one or
speed compressor that was tested with a 1.11 ASHRAE Standard 51–99/AMCA more parameters that always vary with the
fixed-speed indoor fan installed, a constant- Standard 210–1999 means the test standard amount of frost accumulated on the outdoor
air-volume-rate indoor fan installed, or with ‘‘Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans for coil (e.g., coil to air differential temperature,
no indoor fan installed. Aerodynamic Performance Rating’’ published coil differential air pressure, outdoor fan
4.2.5.2 Heat pump having a heat comfort in 1999 by ASHRAE and the Air Movement power or current, optical sensors, etc.) at
controller: Additional steps for calculating and Control Association International, Inc. least once for every ten minutes of
the HSPF of a heat pump having a single- 1.12 ASHRAE Standard 116–95 means compressor ON-time when space heating.
speed compressor and a variable-speed, the test standard ‘‘Methods of Testing for One acceptable alternative to the criterion
variable-air-volume-rate indoor fan. Rating for Seasonal Efficiency of Unitary Air given in the prior sentence is a feedback
4.2.5.3 Heat pumps having a heat comfort Conditioners and Heat Pumps’’ published in system that measures the length of the defrost
controller: Additional steps for calculating 1995 by ASHRAE. period and adjusts defrost frequency
the HSPF of a heat pump having a two- 1.13 CFR means Code of Federal accordingly.1 In all cases, when the frost
capacity compressor. Regulations. parameter(s) reaches a predetermined value,
4.2.5.4 Heat pumps having a heat comfort 1.14 Constant-air-volume-rate indoor fan
controller: Additional steps for calculating means a fan that varies its operating speed to 1 Systems that vary defrost intervals according to
the HSPF of a heat pump having a variable- provide a fixed air-volume-rate from a ducted outdoor dry-bulb temperature are not demand
speed compressor. [Reserved] system. defrost systems.
the system initiates a defrost. In a demand- below the balance point (as the result of a outdoor dry-bulb temperature ranges of the
defrost control system, defrosts are second stage call from the thermostat) but do cooling (≥ 65 °F) and heating (< 65 °F)
terminated based on monitoring a not operate to maintain a minimum delivery seasons.
parameter(s) that indicates that frost has been temperature are not considered as having a 1.40 Test condition tolerance means the
eliminated from the coil. heat comfort controller. maximum permissible difference between the
A demand-defrost control system, which 1.29 Mini-split air conditioners and heat average value of the measured test parameter
otherwise meets the above requirements, may pumps means systems that have a single and the specified test condition.
allow time-initiated defrosts if, and only if, outdoor section and one or more indoor 1.41 Test operating tolerance means the
such defrosts occur after 6 hours of sections. The indoor sections cycle on and off maximum permissible range that a
compressor operating time. in unison in response to a single indoor measurement may vary over the specified test
1.22 Design heating requirement (DHR) thermostat. interval. The difference between the
predicts the space heating load of a residence 1.30 Multiple-split air conditioners and maximum and minimum sampled values
when subjected to outdoor design conditions. heat pumps means systems that have two or must be less than or equal to the specified
Estimates for the minimum and maximum more indoor sections. The indoor sections test operating tolerance.
DHR are provided for six generalized U.S. operate independently and can be used to 1.42 Time adaptive defrost control system
climatic regions in section 4.2. condition multiple zones in response to is a demand-defrost control system (see
1.23 Dry-coil tests are cooling mode tests multiple indoor thermostats. definition 1.21) that measures the length of
where the wet-bulb temperature of the air 1.31 Non-ducted system means an air the prior defrost period(s) and uses that
supplied to the indoor coil is maintained low conditioner or heat pump that is designed to information to automatically determine when
enough that no condensate forms on this coil. be permanently installed equipment and to initiate the next defrost cycle.
1.24 Ducted system means an air directly heats or cools air within the 1.43 Time-temperature defrost control
conditioner or heat pump that is designed to conditioned space using one or more indoor systems initiate or evaluate initiating a
be permanently installed equipment and coils that are mounted on room walls and/ defrost cycle only when a predetermined
delivers conditioned air to the indoor space or ceilings. The unit may be of a modular cumulative compressor ON-time is obtained.
through a duct(s). The air conditioner or heat design that allows for combining multiple This predetermined ON-time is generally a
pump may be either a split system or a outdoor coils and compressors to create one fixed value (e.g., 30, 45, 90 minutes) although
single-packaged unit. overall system. Non-ducted systems covered it may vary based on the measured outdoor
1.25 Energy efficiency ratio (EER) means by this test procedure are all split systems. dry-bulb temperature. The ON-time counter
the ratio of the average rate of space cooling 1.32 Part-load factor (PLF) means the accumulates if controller measurements (e.g.,
delivered to the average rate of electrical ratio of the cyclic energy efficiency ratio outdoor temperature, evaporator
energy consumed by the air conditioner or (coefficient of performance) to the steady- temperature) indicate that frost formation
heat pump. These rate quantities must be state energy efficiency ratio (coefficient of conditions are present, and it is reset/remains
determined from a single test or, if derived performance). Evaluate both energy at zero at all other times. In one application
via interpolation, must be tied to a single set efficiency ratios (coefficients of performance) of the control scheme, a defrost is initiated
of operating conditions. EER is expressed in based on operation at the same ambient whenever the counter time equals the
units of conditions. predetermined ON-time. The counter is reset
1.33 Seasonal energy efficiency ratio when the defrost cycle is completed.
Btu / h (SEER) means the total heat removed from In a second application of the control
.
W the conditioned space during the annual scheme, one or more parameters are
When determined for a ducted unit tested cooling season, expressed in Btu’s, divided measured (e.g., air and/or refrigerant
without an indoor fan installed, EER must by the total electrical energy consumed by temperatures) at the predetermined,
include the section 3.3 and 3.5.1 default the air conditioner or heat pump during the cumulative, compressor ON-time. A defrost
values for the heat output and power input same season, expressed in watt-hours. The is initiated only if the measured parameter(s)
of a fan motor. SEER calculation in section 4.1 of this falls within a predetermined range. The ON-
1.26 Heating load factor (HLF) means the Appendix and the sampling plan stated in 10 time counter is reset regardless of whether a
ratio having as its numerator the total heating CFR Subpart B, 430.24(m) are used to defrost is initiated. If systems of this second
delivered during a cyclic operating interval evaluate compliance with the Energy type use cumulative ON-time intervals of 10
consisting of one ON period and one OFF Conservation Standards. (See 10 CFR minutes or less, then the heat pump may
period. The denominator is the total heating 430.32(c), Subpart C.) qualify as having a demand defrost control
that would be delivered, given the same 1.34 Single-packaged unit means any system (see definition 1.21).
ambient conditions, if the unit operated central air conditioner or heat pump that has 1.44 Triple-split system means an air
continuously at its steady-state space heating all major assemblies enclosed in one cabinet. conditioner or heat pump that is composed
capacity for the same total time (ON plus 1.35 Small-duct, high-velocity system of three separate components: An outdoor fan
OFF) interval. means a system that contains a blower and coil section, an indoor fan coil section, and
1.27 Heating seasonal performance factor indoor coil combination that is designed for, an indoor compressor section.
(HSPF) means the total space heating and produces, at least 1.2 inches (of water) 1.45 Two-capacity (or two-stage)
required during the space heating season, of external static pressure when operated at compressor means an air conditioner or heat
expressed in Btu’s, divided by the total the certified air volume rate of 220–350 cfm pump that has one of the following:
electrical energy consumed by the heat pump per rated ton of cooling. When applied in the (1) A two-speed compressor,
system during the same season, expressed in field, small-duct products use high-velocity (2) Two compressors where only one
watt-hours. The HSPF used to evaluate room outlets (i.e., generally greater than 1000 compressor ever operates at a time,
compliance with the Energy Conservation fpm) having less than 6.0 square inches of (3) Two compressors where one
Standards (see 10 CFR 430.32(c), Subpart C) free area. compressor (Compressor #1) operates at low
is based on Region IV, the minimum 1.36 Split system means any air loads and both compressors (Compressors #1
standardized design heating requirement, conditioner or heat pump that has one or and #2) operate at high loads but Compressor
and the sampling plan stated in 10 CFR more of the major assemblies separated from #2 never operates alone, or
430.24(m), Subpart B. the others. (4) A compressor that is capable of cylinder
1.28 Heat pump having a heat comfort 1.37 Standard Air means dry air at 70 °F or scroll unloading.
controller means equipment that regulates and 14.696 psia. Under these conditions, dry For such systems, low capacity means:
the operation of the electric resistance air has a mass density of 0.075 lb/ft3. (1) Operating at low compressor speed,
elements to assure that the air temperature 1.38 Steady-state test means a test where (2) Operating the lower capacity
leaving the indoor section does not fall below the test conditions are regulated to remain as compressor,
a specified temperature. This specified constant as possible while the unit operates (3) Operating Compressor #1, or
temperature is usually field adjustable. Heat continuously in the same mode. (4) Operating with the compressor
pumps that actively regulate the rate of 1.39 Temperature bin means the 5 °F unloaded (e.g., operating one piston of a two-
ER11OC05.001</MATH>
electric resistance heating when operating increments that are used to partition the piston reciprocating compressor, using a
fixed fractional volume of the full scroll, and indoor fan features of the equipment. compressor, a fixed-speed indoor fan, and a
etc.). After identifying the correct ‘‘I’’ row, find the multi-speed outdoor fan.
For such systems, high capacity means: table cells in the same row that list the type Secondary Test Method: Refrigerant
(1) Operating at high compressor speed, of equipment being tested: Air conditioner Enthalpy Method
(2) Operating the higher capacity (AC), heat pump (HP), or heating-only heat Step 1. Determine which of four listed Row
compressor, pump (HH). Use the test section(s) listed ‘‘I’’ options applies ==> Row I–2
(3) Operating Compressors #1 and #2, or above each noted table cell for testing and Table 1–A: ‘‘AC’’ in Row I–2 is found in
(4) Operating with the compressor loaded rating the unit. the columns for sections 1.1 to 1.47, 2.1 to
(e.g., operating both pistons of a two-piston 2. The second category, Rows II–1 and II–
reciprocating compressor, using the full 2.2, 2.2.4 to 2.2.4.1, 2.2.5, 2.3 to 2.3.1, 2.4 to
2, pertains to the presence or absence of
volume of the scroll). 2.4.1, 2.5, 2.5.2 to 2.10, and 2.11 to 2.13.
ducts. Row II–1 shows the test procedure
1.46 Two-capacity, northern heat pump sections that apply to ducted systems, and Table 1–B: ‘‘AC’’ is listed in Row I–2 for
means a heat pump that has a factory or field- Row II–2 shows those that apply to non- sections 3 to 3.1.4, 3.1.5 to 3.1.8, 3.2.1, 3.3
selectable lock-out feature to prevent space ducted systems. to 3.5, 3.5.3, 3.11 and 3.12.
cooling at high-capacity. Two-capacity heat 3. The third category is for special features Table 1–C: ‘‘AC’’ is listed in Row I–2 for
pumps having this feature will typically have that may be present in the equipment. When sections 4.1.1 and 4.4.
two sets of ratings, one with the feature testing units that have one or more of the Step 2. Equipment is ducted ==> Row II–
disabled and one with the feature enabled. three (special) equipment features described 1
The indoor coil model number should reflect by the Table legend for Category III, use Row Table 1–A: ‘‘AC’’ is listed in Row II–1 for
whether the ratings pertain to the lockout III to find test sections that apply. sections 2.4.2 and 2.5.1 to 2.5.1.2.
enabled option via the inclusion of an extra 4. The fourth category is for the secondary Table 1–B: ‘‘AC’’ is listed in Row II–1 for
identifier, such as ‘‘+LO.’’ When testing as a test method to be used. If the secondary sections 3.1.4.1 to 3.1.4.1.1 and 3.5.1.
two-capacity, northern heat pump, the method for determining the unit’s cooling Table 1–C: no ‘‘AC’’ listings in Row II–1.
lockout feature must remain enabled for all and/or heating capacity is known, use Row Step 3. Equipment Special Features
tests. IV to find the appropriate test sections. include multi-speed outdoor fan ==> Row III,
1.47 Wet-coil test means a test conducted Otherwise, include all of the test sections M
at test conditions that typically cause water referenced by Row IV cell entries—i.e.,
vapor to condense on the test unit evaporator Table 1–A: ‘‘M’’ is listed in Row III for
sections 2.10 to 2.10.3 and 3.11 to 3.11.3— section 2.2.2
coil. among those sections consulted for testing Tables 1–B and 1–C: no ‘‘M’’ listings in
2. Testing Conditions and rating information. Row III.
This test procedure covers split-type and b. Obtain a complete listing of all pertinent Step 4. Secondary Test Method is
single-packaged ducted units and split-type test sections by recording those sections Refrigerant Enthalpy Method ==> Row IV, R
non-ducted units. Except for units having a identified from the four categories above. Table 1–A: ‘‘R’’ is listed in Row IV for
variable-speed compressor, ducted units c. The user should note that, for many section 2.10.3
tested without an indoor fan installed are sections, only part of a section applies to the
Table 1–B: ‘‘R’’ is listed in Row IV for
covered. unit being tested. In a few cases, the entire
section 3.11.3
a. Only a subset of the sections listed in section may not apply. For example, sections
Table 1–C: no ‘‘R’’ listings in Row IV.
this test procedure apply when testing and 3.4 to 3.5.3 (which describe optional dry coil
Step 5. Cumulative listing of applicable
rating a particular unit. Tables 1–A through tests), are not relevant if the allowed default
1–C show which sections of the test value for the cooling mode cyclic degradation test procedure sections 1.1 to 1.47, 2.1 to 2.2,
procedure apply to each type of equipment. coefficient is used rather than determining it 2.2.2, 2.2.4 to 2.4.1, 2.2.5, 2.3 to 2.3.1, 2.4 to
In each table, look at all four of the Roman by testing. 2.4.1, 2.4.2, 2.5, 2.5.1 to 2.5.1.2, 2.5.2 to 2.10,
numeral categories to see what test sections 2.10.3, 2.11 to 2.13, 3. to 3.1.4, 3.1.4.1 to
apply to the equipment being tested. Example for Using Tables 1–A to 1–C 3.1.4.1.1, 3.1.5 to 3.1.8, 3.2.1, 3.3 to 3.5, 3.5.1,
1. The first category, Rows I–1 through I– Equipment Description: A ducted air 3.5.3, 3.11, 3.11.3, 3.12, 4.1.1, and 4.4.
4 of the Tables, pertains to the compressor conditioner having a single-speed BILLING CODE 6450–01–U
ER11OC05.167</GPH>
ER11OC05.168</GPH>
ER11OC05.169</GPH>
ER11OC05.170</GPH>
2.1 Test room requirements. a. Test using supplementary heating coils from operating test room. The average dew point
two side-by-side rooms, an indoor test room during all tests. For coil-only indoor units temperature of the air entering the outdoor
and an outdoor test room. These rooms must that are supplied without an enclosure, coil during wet coil tests must be within
comply with the requirements specified in create an enclosure using 1 inch fiberglass ±3.0°F of the average dew point temperature
sections 8.1.2 and 8.1.3 of ASHRAE Standard ductboard having a nominal density of 6 of the air entering the indoor coil over the 30-
37–88 (incorporated by reference, see pounds per cubic foot. Or alternatively, use minute data collection interval described in
§ 430.22). some other insulating material having a section 3.3. For dry coil tests on such units,
b. Inside these test rooms, use artificial thermal resistance (‘‘R’’ value) between 4 and it may be necessary to limit the moisture
loads during cyclic tests and frost 6 hr·ft2·°F/Btu. For units where the coil is content of the air entering the outdoor side
accumulation tests, if needed, to produce housed within an enclosure or cabinet, no of the unit to meet the requirements of
stabilized room air temperatures. For one extra insulating or sealing is allowed. section 3.4.
room, select an electric resistance heater(s) 2.2.1 Defrost control settings. Set heat 2.2.4.2 Heating mode tests. For heating
having a heating capacity that is pump defrost controls at the normal settings mode tests, regulate the water vapor content
approximately equal to the heating capacity which most typify those encountered in of the air entering the outdoor unit to the
of the test unit’s condenser. For the second generalized climatic region IV. (Refer to applicable wet-bulb temperature listed in
room, select a heater(s) having a capacity that Figure 2 and Table 17 of section 4.2 for Tables 9 to 12. The wet-bulb temperature
is close to the sensible cooling capacity of the information on region IV.) For heat pumps entering the indoor side of the heat pump
test unit’s evaporator. When applied, cycle that use a time-adaptive defrost control must not exceed 60°F. Additionally, if the
the heater located in the same room as the system (see Definition 1.42), the Outdoor Air Enthalpy test method is used
test unit evaporator coil ON and OFF when manufacturer must specify the frosting while testing a single-packaged heat pump
the test unit cycles ON and OFF. Cycle the interval to be used during Frost where all or part of the outdoor section is
heater located in the same room as the test Accumulation tests and provide the located in the indoor test room, adjust the
unit condensing coil ON and OFF when the procedure for manually initiating the defrost wet-bulb temperature for the air entering the
test unit cycles OFF and ON. at the specified time. To ease testing of any indoor side to yield an indoor-side dew point
2.2 Test unit installation requirements. a. unit, the manufacturer should provide temperature that is as close as reasonably
Install the unit according to section 8.6 of information and any necessary hardware to possible to the dew point temperature of the
ASHRAE Standard 37–88 (incorporated by manually initiate a defrost cycle. outdoor-side entering air.
reference, see § 430.22). With respect to 2.2.2 Special requirements for units 2.2.5 Additional refrigerant charging
interconnecting tubing used when testing having a multiple-speed outdoor fan. requirements. Charging according to the
split systems, however, follow the Configure the multiple-speed outdoor fan ‘‘manufacturer’s instructions,’’ as stated in
section 8.6 of ASHRAE Standard 37–88
requirements given in section 6.1.3.5 of ARI according to the manufacturer’s
(incorporated by reference, see § 430.22),
Standard 210/240–2003 (incorporated by specifications, and thereafter, leave it
means the manufacturer’s installation
reference, see § 430.22). When testing triple- unchanged for all tests. The controls of the
instructions that come packaged with the
split systems (see Definition 1.44), use the unit must regulate the operation of the
unit. If a unit requires charging but the
tubing length specified in section 6.1.3.5 of outdoor fan during all lab tests except dry
installation instructions do not specify a
ARI Standard 210/240–2003 (incorporated by coil cooling mode tests. For dry coil cooling
charging procedure, then evacuate the unit
reference, see § 430.22) to connect the mode tests, the outdoor fan must operate at and add the nameplate refrigerant charge.
outdoor coil, indoor compressor section, and the same speed used during the required wet Where the manufacturer’s installation
indoor coil while still meeting the coil test conducted at the same outdoor test instructions contain two sets of refrigerant
requirement of exposing 10 feet of the tubing conditions. charging criteria, one for field installations
to outside conditions. When testing non- 2.2.3 Special requirements for multi-split and one for lab testing, use the field
ducted systems having multiple indoor coils, air conditioners and heat pumps, and installation criteria. For third-party testing,
connect each indoor fan-coil to the outdoor systems composed of multiple mini-split the test laboratory may consult with the
unit using: a. 25 feet of tubing, or b. tubing units (outdoor units located side-by-side) that manufacturer about the refrigerant charging
furnished by the manufacturer, whichever is would normally operate using two or more procedure and make any needed corrections
longer. If they are needed to make a indoor thermostats. During the steady-state so long as they do not contradict the
secondary measurement of capacity, install tests, shunt all thermostats to make all indoor published installation instructions. The
refrigerant pressure measuring instruments as fan-coil units operate simultaneously. To manufacturer may specify an alternative
described in section 8.6.5 of ASHRAE ease the testing burden of cyclic tests, charging criteria to the third-party laboratory
Standard 37–88 (incorporated by reference, consider creating a single control circuit that so long as the manufacturer thereafter revises
see § 430.22). Refer to section 2.10 of this allows simultaneous cycling of all the published installation instructions
Appendix to learn which secondary methods compressor systems. For these systems, the accordingly.
require refrigerant pressure measurements. test procedure references to a single indoor 2.3 Indoor air volume rates. If a unit’s
At a minimum, insulate the low pressure fan, outdoor fan, and compressor means all controls allow for overspeeding the indoor
line(s) of a split system with foam insulation indoor fans, all outdoor fans, and all fan (usually on a temporary basis), take the
having an inside diameter that matches the compressor systems. necessary steps to prevent overspeeding
refrigerant tubing and a nominal thickness of 2.2.4 Wet-bulb temperature requirements during all tests.
1⁄2 inch. for the air entering the indoor and outdoor 2.3.1 Cooling tests. a. Set indoor fan
b. For units designed for both horizontal coils. control options (e.g., fan motor pin settings,
and vertical installation or for both up-flow 2.2.4.1 Cooling mode tests. For wet-coil fan motor speed) according to the published
and down-flow vertical installations, the cooling mode tests, regulate the water vapor installation instructions that are provided
manufacturer must specify the orientation content of the air entering the indoor unit to with the equipment while meeting the
used for testing. Conduct testing with the the applicable wet-bulb temperature listed in airflow requirements that are specified in
following installed: Tables 3 to 6. As noted in these same tables, sections 3.1.4.1 to 3.1.4.3.
(1) The most restrictive filter(s); achieve a wet-bulb temperature during dry- b. Express the Cooling Certified Air
(2) Supplementary heating coils; and coil cooling mode tests that results in no Volume Rate, the Cooling Minimum Air
(3) Other equipment specified as part of the condensate forming on the indoor coil. Volume Rate, and the Cooling Intermediate
unit, including all hardware used by a heat Controlling the water vapor content of the air Air Volume Rate in terms of standard air.
comfort controller if so equipped (see entering the outdoor side of the unit is not 2.3.2 Heating tests. a. If needed, set the
Definition 1.28). required for cooling mode tests except when indoor fan control options (e.g., fan motor
c. Testing a ducted unit without having an testing: pin settings, fan motor speed) according to
indoor air filter installed is permissible as (1) Units that reject condensate to the the published installation instructions that
long as the minimum external static pressure outdoor coil during wet coil tests. Tables 3– are provided with the equipment. Do this set-
requirement is adjusted as stated in Table 2, 6 list the applicable wet-bulb temperatures. up while meeting all applicable airflow
note 3 (see section 3.1.4). Except as noted in (2) Single-packaged units where all or part requirements specified in sections 3.1.4.4 to
section 3.1.9, prevent the indoor air of the indoor section is located in the outdoor 3.1.4.7.
b. Express the Heating Certified Air indoor coil may be located in the outdoor test of ASHRAE Standard 37–88 (incorporated by
Volume Rate, the Heating Minimum Air room.) For non-ducted systems having reference, see § 430.22) for the cross-sectional
Volume Rate, the Heating Intermediate Air multiple indoor coils, attach a plenum to dimensions and minimum length of the
Volume Rate, and the Heating Nominal Air each indoor coil outlet. Add a static pressure (each) plenum and the locations for adding
Volume Rate in terms of standard air. tap to each face of the (each) outlet plenum, the static pressure taps for units tested with
2.4 Indoor coil inlet and outlet duct if rectangular, or at four evenly distributed
connections. Insulate and/or construct the locations along the circumference of an oval and without an indoor fan installed. For a
outlet plenum described in section 2.4.1 and, or round plenum. Create a manifold that non-ducted system having multiple indoor
if installed, the inlet plenum described in connects the four static pressure taps. Figure coils, have all outlet plenums discharge air
section 2.4.2 with thermal insulation having 1 shows two of the three options allowed for into a single common duct. At the plane
a nominal overall sistance (R-value) of at the manifold configuration; the third option where each plenum enters the common duct,
least 19 hr·ft2·°F/Btu. is the broken-ring, four-to-one manifold install an adjustable airflow damper and use
2.4.1 Outlet plenum for the indoor unit. configuration that is shown in Figure 7 of it to equalize the static pressure in each
Attach a plenum to the outlet of the indoor ASHRAE Standard 37–88 (incorporated by plenum.
coil. (Note: for some packaged systems, the reference, see § 430.22). See Figures 7 and 8
ER11OC05.171</GPH>
2.4.2 Inlet plenum for the indoor unit. indoor unit when the indoor fan is off. Never to Figure 2A of ASHRAE Standard 51–99/
Install an inlet plenum when testing a coil- use an inlet damper box when testing a non- AMCA Standard 210–99 (incorporated by
only indoor unit or a packaged system where ducted system. reference, see § 430.22). Use a differential
the indoor coil is located in the outdoor test 2.5.1 Test set-up on the inlet side of the pressure measuring instrument that is
room. Add static pressure taps at the center indoor coil: for cases where the inlet damper accurate to within ±0.01 inches of water and
of each face of this plenum, if rectangular, or box is installed. a. Install the inlet side has a resolution of at least 0.01 inches of
at four evenly distributed locations along the damper box as specified in section 2.5.1.1 or water to measure the static pressure
circumference of an oval or round plenum. 2.5.1.2, whichever applies. Insulate or difference between the indoor coil air inlet
Make a manifold that connects the four static construct the ductwork between the point and outlet. Connect one side of the
pressure taps using one of the three where the air damper is installed and where differential pressure instrument to the
configurations specified in section 2.4.1. See the connection is made to either the inlet manifolded pressure taps installed in the
Figure 8 of ASHRAE Standard 37–88 plenum (section 2.5.1.1 units) or the indoor outlet plenum. Connect the other side of the
(incorporated by reference, see § 430.22) for unit (section 2.5.1.2 units) with thermal instrument to the manifolded pressure taps
cross-sectional dimensions, the minimum insulation that has a nominal overall located in either the inlet plenum or
length of the inlet plenum, and the locations resistance (R-value) of at least 19 hr·ft2·°F/ incorporated within the air damper box. If an
of the static pressure taps. When testing a Btu. inlet plenum or inlet damper box are not
ducted unit having an indoor fan (and the b. Locate the grid of entering air dry-bulb used, leave the inlet side of the differential
indoor coil is in the indoor test room), the temperature sensors, if used, at the inlet of pressure instrument open to the surrounding
manufacturer has the option to test with or the damper box. Locate the air sampling atmosphere. For non-ducted systems that are
without an inlet plenum installed. Space device, or the sensor used to measure the tested with multiple outlet plenums, measure
limitations within the test room may dictate water vapor content of the inlet air, at a the static pressure within each outlet plenum
that the manufacturer choose the latter location immediately upstream of the damper relative to the surrounding atmosphere.
option. If used, construct the inlet plenum box inlet. 2.5.4 Test set-up on the outlet side of the
and add the four static pressure taps as 2.5.1.1 If the section 2.4.2 inlet plenum is indoor coil. a. Install an interconnecting duct
shown in Figure 8 of ASHRAE Standard 37– installed. Install the inlet damper box between the outlet plenum described in
88 (incorporated by reference, see § 430.22). upstream of the inlet plenum. The cross- section 2.4.1 and the airflow measuring
Manifold the four static pressure taps using sectional flow area of the damper box must apparatus described below in section 2.6.
one of the three configurations specified in be equal to or greater than the flow area of The cross-sectional flow area of the
section 2.4.1. Never use an inlet plenum the inlet plenum. If needed, use an adaptor interconnecting duct must be equal to or
when testing a non-ducted system. plate or a transition duct section to connect greater than the flow area of the outlet
2.5 Indoor coil air property the damper box with the inlet plenum. plenum or the common duct used when
measurements and air damper box 2.5.1.2 If the section 2.4.2 inlet plenum is testing non-ducted units having multiple
applications. a. Measure the dry-bulb not installed. Install the damper box indoor coils. If needed, use adaptor plates or
temperature and water vapor content of the immediately upstream of the air inlet of the transition duct sections to allow the
air entering and leaving the indoor coil. If indoor unit. The cross-sectional dimensions connections. To minimize leakage, tape joints
needed, use an air sampling device to divert of the damper box must be equal to or greater within the interconnecting duct (and the
air to a sensor(s) that measures the water than the dimensions of the indoor unit inlet. outlet plenum). Construct or insulate the
vapor content of the air. See Figure 2 of If needed, use an adaptor plate or a short entire flow section with thermal insulation
ASHRAE Standard 41.1–86 (RA 01) transition duct section to connect the damper having a nominal overall resistance (R-value)
(incorporated by reference, see § 430.22) for box with the unit’s air inlet. Add static of at least 19 hr·ft2·°F/Btu.
guidance on constructing an air sampling pressure taps at the center of each face of the b. Install a grid(s) of dry-bulb temperature
device. The sampling device may also divert damper box, if rectangular, or at four evenly sensors inside the interconnecting duct. Also,
air to a remotely located sensor(s) that distributed locations along the install an air sampling device, or the
measures dry bulb temperature. The air circumference, if oval or round. Locate the sensor(s) used to measure the water vapor
sampling device and the remotely located pressure taps between the inlet damper and content of the outlet air, inside the
temperature sensor(s) may be used to the inlet of the indoor unit. Make a manifold interconnecting duct. Locate the dry-bulb
determine the entering air dry bulb that connects the four static pressure taps. temperature grid(s) upstream of the air
temperature during any test. The air 2.5.2 Test set-up on the inlet side of the sampling device (or the in-duct sensor(s)
sampling device and the remotely located indoor unit: for cases where no inlet damper used to measure the water vapor content of
leaving air dry bulb temperature sensor(s) box is installed. If using the section 2.4.2 the outlet air). Air that circulates through an
may be used for all tests except: inlet plenum and a grid of dry bulb air sampling device and past a remote water-
(1) Cyclic tests; and temperature sensors, mount the grid at a vapor-content sensor(s) must be returned to
(2) Frost accumulation tests. location upstream of the static pressure taps the interconnecting duct at a point:
b. An acceptable alternative in all cases, described in section 2.4.2, preferably at the (1) Downstream of the air sampling device;
including the two special cases noted above, entrance plane of the inlet plenum. If the (2) Upstream of the outlet air damper box,
is to install a grid of dry bulb temperature section 2.4.2 inlet plenum is not used, but a if installed; and
sensors within the outlet and inlet ducts. Use grid of dry bulb temperature sensors is used, (3) Upstream of the section 2.6 airflow
a temperature grid to get the average dry bulb locate the grid approximately 6 inches measuring apparatus.
temperature at one location, leaving or upstream from the inlet of the indoor coil. 2.5.4.1 Outlet air damper box placement
entering, or when two grids are applied as a Or, in the case of non-ducted units having and requirements. If using an outlet air
thermopile, to directly obtain the multiple indoor coils, locate a grid damper box (see section 2.5), install it within
temperature difference. A grid of temperature approximately 6 inches upstream from the the interconnecting duct at a location
sensors (which may also be used for inlet of each indoor coil. Position an air downstream of the location where air from
determining average leaving air dry bulb sampling device, or the sensor used to the sampling device is reintroduced or
temperature) is required to measure the measure the water vapor content of the inlet downstream of the in-duct sensor that
temperature distribution within a cross- air, immediately upstream of the (each) measures water vapor content of the outlet
section of the leaving airstream. entering air dry-bulb temperature sensor grid. air. The leakage rate from the combination of
c. Use an inlet and outlet air damper box If a grid of sensors is not used, position the the outlet plenum, the closed damper, and
when testing ducted systems if conducting entering air sampling device (or the sensor the duct section that connects these two
one or both of the cyclic tests listed in used to measure the water vapor content of components must not exceed 20 cubic feet
sections 3.2 and 3.6. Otherwise, install an the inlet air) as if the grid were present. per minute when a negative pressure of 1
outlet air damper box when testing heat 2.5.3 Indoor coil static pressure inch of water column is maintained at the
pumps, both ducted and non-ducted, that difference measurement. Section 6.4.4.1 of plenum’s inlet.
cycle off the indoor fan during defrost cycles ASHRAE Standard 37–88 (incorporated by 2.5.4.2 Procedures to minimize
if no other means is available for preventing reference, see § 430.22) describes the method temperature maldistribution. Use these
natural or forced convection through the for fabricating static pressure taps. Also refer procedures if necessary to correct
temperature maldistributions. Install a in section 2.5.4. See sections 6.1.1, 6.1.2, and yields readings accurate to within ±0.2
mixing device(s) upstream of the outlet air, 6.1.4, and Figures 1, 2, and 4 of ASHRAE percent.
dry-bulb temperature grid (but downstream Standard 37–88 (incorporated by reference, 2.10 Test apparatus for the secondary
of the outlet plenum static pressure taps). see § 430.22), and Figures D1, D2, and D4 of space conditioning capacity measurement.
Use a perforated screen located between the ARI Standard 210/240–2003 (incorporated by For all tests, use the Indoor Air Enthalpy
mixing device and the dry-bulb temperature reference, see § 430.22) for illustrative Method to measure the unit’s capacity. This
grid, with a maximum open area of 40 examples of how the test apparatus may be method uses the test set-up specified in
percent. One or both items should help to applied within a complete laboratory set-up. sections 2.4 to 2.6. In addition, for all steady-
meet the maximum outlet air temperature Instead of following one of these examples, state tests, conduct a second, independent
distribution specified in section 3.1.8. Mixing an alternative set-up may be used to handle measurement of capacity as described in
devices are described in sections 6.3—6.5 of the air leaving the airflow measuring section 3.1.1. For split systems, use one of
ASHRAE Standard 41.1–86 (RA 01) apparatus and to supply properly the following secondary measurement
(incorporated by reference, see § 430.22) and conditioned air to the test unit’s inlet. The methods: Outdoor Air Enthalpy Method,
section 5.2.2 of ASHRAE Standard 41.2–87 alternative set-up, however, must not Compressor Calibration Method, or
(RA 92) (incorporated by reference, see interfere with the prescribed means for Refrigerant Enthalpy Method. For single
§ 430.22). measuring airflow rate, inlet and outlet air packaged units, use either the Outdoor Air
2.5.5 Dry bulb temperature measurement. temperatures, inlet and outlet water vapor Enthalpy Method or the Compressor
a. Measure dry bulb temperatures as contents, and external static pressures, nor Calibration Method as the secondary
specified in sections 4, 5, 6.1–6.10, 9, 10, and create abnormal conditions surrounding the measurement.
11 of ASHRAE Standard 41.1–86 (RA 01) test unit. (Note: Do not use an enclosure as 2.10.1 Outdoor Air Enthalpy Method. a.
(incorporated by reference, see § 430.22). The described in section 6.1.3 of ASHRAE To make a secondary measurement of indoor
transient testing requirements cited in Standard 37–88 (incorporated by reference, space conditioning capacity using the
section 4.3 of ASHRAE Standard 41.1–86 (RA see § 430.22) when testing triple-split units.) Outdoor Air Enthalpy Method, do the
01) (incorporated by reference, see § 430.22) 2.7 Electrical voltage supply. Perform all following:
apply if conducting a cyclic or frost tests at the voltage specified in section 6.1.3.2 (1) Measure the electrical power
accumulation test. of ARI Standard 210/240–2003 (incorporated consumption of the test unit;
b. Distribute the sensors of a dry-bulb by reference, see § 430.22) for ‘‘Standard (2) Measure the air-side capacity at the
temperature grid over the entire flow area. Rating Tests.’’ Measure the supply voltage at outdoor coil; and
The required minimum is 9 sensors per grid. the terminals on the test unit using a volt (3) Apply a heat balance on the refrigerant
2.5.6 Water vapor content measurement. meter that provides a reading that is accurate cycle.
Determine water vapor content by measuring to within ±1.0 percent of the measured b. The test apparatus required for the
quantity.
dry-bulb temperature combined with the air Outdoor Air Enthalpy Method is a subset of
2.8 Electrical power and energy
wet-bulb temperature, dew point the apparatus used for the Indoor Air
measurements. a. Use an integrating power
temperature, or relative humidity. If used, Enthalpy Method. Required apparatus
(watt-hour) measuring system to determine
construct and apply wet-bulb temperature includes the following:
the electrical energy or average electrical
sensors as specified in sections 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, (1) An outlet plenum containing static
power supplied to all components of the air
and 11 of ASHRAE Standard 41.1–86 (RA 01) conditioner or heat pump (including pressure taps (sections 2.4, 2.4.1, and 2.5.3),
(incorporated by reference, see § 430.22). As auxiliary components such as controls, (2) An airflow measuring apparatus
specified in ASHRAE 41.1–86 (RA 01) transformers, crankcase heater, integral (section 2.6),
(incorporated by reference, see § 430.22), the condensate pump on non-ducted indoor (3) A duct section that connects these two
temperature sensor (wick removed) must be units, etc.). The watt-hour measuring system components and itself contains the
accurate to within ±0.2 °F. If used, apply dew must give readings that are accurate to within instrumentation for measuring the dry-bulb
point hygrometers as specified in sections 5 ±0.5 percent. For cyclic tests, this accuracy temperature and water vapor content of the
and 8 of ASHRAE Standard 41.6–94 (RA 01) is required during both the ON and OFF air leaving the outdoor coil (sections 2.5.4,
(incorporated by reference, see § 430.22). The cycles. Use either two different scales on the 2.5.5, and 2.5.6), and
dew point hygrometers must be accurate to same watt-hour meter or two separate watt- (4) On the inlet side, a sampling device and
within ±0.4 °F when operated at conditions hour meters. Activate the scale or meter optional temperature grid (sections 2.5 and
that result in the evaluation of dew points having the lower power rating within 15 2.5.2).
above 35 °F. If used, a relative humidity (RH) seconds after beginning an OFF cycle. c. During the preliminary tests described in
meter must be accurate to within ±0.7% RH. Activate the scale or meter having the higher sections 3.11.1 and 3.11.1.1, measure the
Other means to determine the psychrometric power rating active within 15 seconds prior evaporator and condenser temperatures or
state of air may be used as long as the to beginning an ON cycle. For ducted units pressures. On both the outdoor coil and the
measurement accuracy is equivalent to or tested with a fan installed, the ON cycle lasts indoor coil, solder a thermocouple onto a
better than the accuracy achieved from using from compressor ON to indoor fan OFF. For return bend located at or near the midpoint
a wet-bulb temperature sensor that meets the ducted units tested without an indoor fan of each coil or at points not affected by vapor
above specifications. installed, the ON cycle lasts from compressor superheat or liquid subcooling. Alternatively,
2.5.7 Air damper box performance ON to compressor OFF. For non-ducted if the test unit is not sensitive to the
requirements. If used (see section 2.5), the air units, the ON cycle lasts from indoor fan ON refrigerant charge, connect pressure gages to
damper box(es) must be capable of being to indoor fan OFF. When testing air the access valves or to ports created from
completely opened or completely closed conditioners and heat pumps having a tapping into the suction and discharge lines.
within 10 seconds for each action. variable-speed compressor, avoid using an Use this alternative approach when testing a
2.6 Airflow measuring apparatus. a. induction watt/watt-hour meter. unit charged with a zeotropic refrigerant
Fabricate and operate an Air Flow Measuring b. When performing section 3.5 and/or 3.8 having a temperature glide in excess of 1 °F
Apparatus as specified in section 6.6 of cyclic tests on non-ducted units, provide at the specified test conditions.
ASHRAE Standard 116–95 (incorporated by instrumentation to determine the average 2.10.2 Compressor Calibration Method.
reference, see § 430.22). Refer to Figure 12 of electrical power consumption of the indoor Measure refrigerant pressures and
ASHRAE Standard 51–99/AMCA Standard fan motor to within ±1.0 percent. If required temperatures to determine the evaporator
210–99 (incorporated by reference, see according to sections 3.3, 3.4, 3.7, 3.9.1, and/ superheat and the enthalpy of the refrigerant
§ 430.22) or Figure 14 of ASHRAE Standard or 3.10, this same instrumentation that enters and exits the indoor coil.
41.2–87 (RA 92) (incorporated by reference, requirement applies when testing air Determine refrigerant flow rate or, when the
see § 430.22) for guidance on placing the conditioners and heat pumps having a superheat of the refrigerant leaving the
static pressure taps and positioning the variable-speed constant-air-volume-rate evaporator is less than 5 °F, total capacity
diffusion baffle (settling means) relative to indoor fan or a variable-speed, variable-air- from separate calibration tests conducted
the chamber inlet. volume-rate indoor fan. under identical operating conditions. When
b. Connect the airflow measuring apparatus 2.9 Time measurements. Make elapsed using this method, install instrumentation,
to the interconnecting duct section described time measurements using an instrument that measure refrigerant properties, and adjust the
refrigerant charge according to section 7.4.2 during each test. Use an instrument that when obtaining the airflow through the
of ASHRAE Standard 37–88 (incorporated by meets the requirements specified in section outdoor coil.
reference, see § 430.22). Use refrigerant 5.2 of ASHRAE Standard 37–88 3.1.4 Airflow through the indoor coil.
temperature and pressure measuring (incorporated by reference, see § 430.22). 3.1.4.1 Cooling Certified Air Volume
instruments that meet the specifications 3. Testing Procedures Rate.
given in sections 5.1.1 and 5.2 of ASHRAE 3.1.4.1.1 Cooling Certified Air Volume
Standard 37–88 (incorporated by reference, 3.1 General Requirements. If, during the
Rate for Ducted Units. The manufacturer
see § 430.22). testing process, an equipment set-up
adjustment is made that would alter the must specify the Cooling Certified Air
2.10.3 Refrigerant Enthalpy Method. For Volume Rate. Use this value as long as the
this method, calculate space conditioning performance of the unit when conducting an
already completed test, then repeat all tests following two requirements are satisfied.
capacity by determining the refrigerant
affected by the adjustment. For cyclic tests, First, when conducting the A or A2 Test
enthalpy change for the indoor coil and
instead of maintaining an air volume rate, for (exclusively), the measured air volume rate,
directly measuring the refrigerant flow rate.
each airflow nozzle, maintain the static when divided by the measured indoor air-
Use section 7.6.2 of ASHRAE Standard 37–
pressure difference or velocity pressure side total cooling capacity, must not exceed
88 (incorporated by reference, see § 430.22)
for the requirements for this method, during an ON period at the same pressure 37.5 cubic feet per minute of standard air
including the additional instrumentation difference or velocity pressure as measured (scfm) per 1000 Btu/h. If this ratio is
requirements, and information on placing the during the steady-state test conducted at the exceeded, reduce the air volume rate until
flow meter and a sight glass. Use refrigerant same test conditions. this ratio is equaled. Use this reduced air
temperature, pressure, and flow measuring 3.1.1 Primary and secondary test volume rate for all tests that call for using the
instruments that meet the specifications methods. For all tests, use the Indoor Air Cooling Certified Air Volume Rate. The
given in sections 5.1.1, 5.2, and 5.5.1 of Enthalpy Method test apparatus to determine second requirement is as follows:
ASHRAE Standard 37–88 (incorporated by the unit’s space conditioning capacity. The a. For ducted units that are tested with a
reference, see § 430.22). procedure and data collected, however, differ fixed-speed, multi-speed, or variable-speed
2.11 Measurement of test room ambient slightly depending upon whether the test is variable-air-volume-rate indoor fan installed.
conditions. a. If using a test set-up where air a steady-state test, a cyclic test, or a frost For the A or A2 Test (exclusively), the
is ducted directly from the conditioning accumulation test. The following sections measured external static pressure must be
apparatus to the indoor coil inlet (see Figure described these differences. For all steady- equal to or greater than the applicable
2, Loop Air-Enthalpy Test Method state tests (i.e., the A, A2, A1, B, B2, B1, C, minimum external static pressure cited in
Arrangement, of ASHRAE Standard 37–88 C1, EV, F1, G1, H01, H1, H12, H11, HIN, H3, Table 2. If the Table 2 minimum is not
(incorporated by reference, see § 430.22)), H32, and H31 Tests), in addition, use one of equaled or exceeded, incrementally change
add instrumentation to permit measurement the acceptable secondary methods specified the set-up of the indoor fan (e.g., fan motor
of the indoor test room dry-bulb temperature. in section 2.10 to determine indoor space pin settings, fan motor speed) until the Table
b. If the Outdoor Air Enthalpy Method is conditioning capacity. Calculate this 2 requirement is met while maintaining the
not used, add instrumentation to measure the secondary check of capacity according to same air volume rate. If the indoor fan set-
dry-bulb temperature and the water vapor section 3.11. The two capacity measurements
up changes cannot provide the minimum
content of the air entering the outdoor coil. must agree to within 6 percent to constitute
external static, then reduce the air volume
If an air sampling device is used, construct a valid test. For this capacity comparison, use
rate until the correct Table 2 minimum is
and apply the device as per section 6 of the Indoor Air Enthalpy Method capacity that
is calculated in section 7.3 of ASHRAE equaled. For the last scenario, use the
ASHRAE Standard 41.1–86 (RA 01) reduced air volume rate for all tests that
(incorporated by reference, see § 430.22). Standard 37–88 (incorporated by reference,
see § 430.22) (and do not make the after-test require the Cooling Certified Air Volume
Take steps (e.g., add or re-position a lab
fan heat adjustments described in sections Rate.
circulating fan), as needed, to minimize the
3.3, 3.4, 3.7, and 3.10 of this Appendix). b. For ducted units that are tested with a
magnitude of the temperature distribution
However, include the appropriate section 3.3 constant-air-volume-rate indoor fan installed.
non-uniformity. Position any fan in the
outdoor test room while trying to keep air to 3.5 and 3.7 to 3.10 fan heat adjustments For all tests that specify the Cooling Certified
velocities in the vicinity of the test unit within the Indoor Air Enthalpy Method Air Volume Rate, obtain an external static
below 500 feet per minute. capacities used for the section 4 seasonal pressure as close to (but not less than) the
c. Measure dry bulb temperatures as calculations. applicable Table 2 value that does not cause
specified in sections 4, 5, 6.1–6.10, 9, 10, and 3.1.2 Manufacturer-provided equipment instability or an automatic shutdown of the
11 of ASHRAE Standard 41.1–86 (RA 01) overrides. Where needed, the manufacturer indoor blower.
(incorporated by reference, see § 430.22). must provide a means for overriding the c. For ducted units that are tested without
Measure water vapor content as stated above controls of the test unit so that the an indoor fan installed. For the A or A2 Test,
in section 2.5.6. compressor(s) operates at the specified speed (exclusively), the pressure drop across the
2.12 Measurement of indoor fan speed. or capacity and the indoor fan operates at the indoor coil assembly must not exceed 0.30
When required, measure fan speed using a specified speed or delivers the specified air inches of water. If this pressure drop is
revolution counter, tachometer, or volume rate. exceeded, reduce the air volume rate until
stroboscope that gives readings accurate to 3.1.3 Airflow through the outdoor coil. the measured pressure drop equals the
within ±1.0 percent. For all tests, meet the requirements given in specified maximum. Use this reduced air
2.13 Measurement of barometric pressure. section 6.1.3.4 of ARI Standard 210/240– volume rate for all tests that require the
Determine the average barometric pressure 2003 (incorporated by reference, see § 430.22) Cooling Certified Air Volume Rate.
TABLE 2.—MINIMUM EXTERNAL STATIC PRESSURE FOR DUCTED SYSTEMS TESTED WITH AN INDOOR FAN INSTALLED
Minimum External
Rated Cooling 1 or Heating 2 Capacity Resistance 3
(Btu/h)
(Inches of Water)
Up Thru 28,800 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 0.10

29,000 to 42,500 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 0.15
43,000 and Above ......................................................................................................................................................................... 0.20
1 For air conditioners and heat pumps, the value cited by the manufacturer in published literature for the unit’s capacity when operated at the A
or A2 Test conditions.
2 For heating-only heat pumps, the value the manufacturer cites in published literature for the unit’s capacity when operated at the H1 or H1
2
Test conditions.
3 For ducted units tested without an air filter installed, increase the applicable tabular value by 0.08 inches of water.
3.1.4.1.2 Cooling Certified Air Volume test when the unit is operated at an external speed (as opposed to the cfm) of the indoor
Rate for Non-ducted Units. For non-ducted static pressure of zero inches of water. fan,
units, the Cooling Certified Air Volume Rate 3.1.4.2 Cooling Minimum Air Volume
is the air volume rate that results during each Rate. a. For ducted units that regulate the
Cooling Minimum Fan Speed

Cooling Minimum Air Vol. Rate = Cooling Certified Air Vol. Rate × ,
A 2 Test Fan Speed
where ‘‘Cooling Minimum Fan Speed’’ volume-rate indoor fan). For such systems, Cooling Minimum Air Volume Rate—(i.e.,
corresponds to the fan speed used when obtain the Cooling Minimum Air Volume the A1, B1, C1, F1, and G1 Tests)—at an
operating at low compressor capacity (two- Rate regardless of the external static pressure. external static pressure that does not cause
capacity system), the fan speed used when b. For ducted units that regulate the air instability or an automatic shutdown of the
operating at the minimum compressor speed volume rate provided by the indoor fan, the indoor blower while being as close to, but not
(variable-speed system), or the lowest fan manufacturer must specify the Cooling
speed used when cooling (single-speed Minimum Air Volume Rate. For such less than,
compressor and a variable-speed variable-air- systems, conduct all tests that specify the
2
 Cooling Minimum Air Volume Rate 
A1, B1, C1, F1, & G1 Test ∆Pst = ∆Pst , A 2 ×   ,
 Cooling Certified Air Volume Rate 
where DPst,A2 is the applicable Table 2 obtain this Cooling Minimum Air Volume speed (variable-speed system). For units
minimum external static pressure that was Rate regardless of the pressure drop across having a single-speed compressor and a
targeted during the A2 (and B2) Test. the indoor coil assembly. variable-speed variable-air-volume-rate
c. For ducted two-capacity units that are d. For non-ducted units, the Cooling indoor fan, use the lowest fan setting allowed
tested without an indoor fan installed, the Minimum Air Volume Rate is the air volume for cooling.
Cooling Minimum Air Volume Rate is the rate that results during each test when the
higher of (1) the rate specified by the unit operates at an external static pressure of 3.1.4.3 Cooling Intermediate Air Volume
manufacturer or (2) 75 percent of the Cooling zero inches of water and at the indoor fan Rate. a. For ducted units that regulate the
Certified Air Volume Rate. During the setting used at low compressor capacity (two- speed of the indoor fan,
laboratory tests on a coil-only (fanless) unit, capacity system) or minimum compressor
E v Test Fan Speed

Cooling Intermediate Air Volume Rate = Cooling Certified Air Volume Rate × .
A 2 Test Fan Speed
For such units, obtain the Cooling manufacturer must specify the Cooling blower while being as close to, but not less
Intermediate Air Volume Rate regardless of Intermediate Air Volume Rate. For such than,
the external static pressure. systems, conduct the EV Test at an external
b. For ducted units that regulate the air static pressure that does not cause instability
volume rate provided by the indoor fan, the or an automatic shutdown of the indoor
2
 Cooling Intermediate Air Volume Rate 
E v Test ∆Pst = ∆Pst , A 2 ×   ,
ER11OC05.006</MATH>
where DPst,A2 is the applicable Table 2 Certified Air Volume Rate as the Heating requirements apply to the measured external
minimum external static pressure that was Certified Air Volume Rate for: or internal, respectively, static pressure. For
targeted during the A2 (and B2) Test. 1. Ducted heat pumps that operate at the heat pumps that meet the above criterion
c. For non-ducted units, the Cooling same indoor fan speed during both the A (or ‘‘2,’’ test at an external static pressure that
ER11OC05.005</MATH>
Intermediate Air Volume Rate is the air A2) and the H1 (or H12) Tests; does not cause instability or an automatic
volume rate that results when the unit 2. Ducted heat pumps that regulate fan shutdown of the indoor blower while being
operates at an external static pressure of zero speed to deliver the same constant air as close to, but not less than, the same Table
inches of water and at the fan speed selected volume rate during both the A (or A2) and the 2 minimum external static pressure as was
by the controls of the unit for the EV Test H1 (or H12) Tests; and specified for the A (or A2) cooling mode test.
3. Ducted heat pumps that are tested
ER11OC05.004</MATH>
conditions. 3.1.4.4.2 Ducted heat pumps where the

3.1.4.4 Heating Certified Air Volume without an indoor fan installed (except two- Heating and Cooling Certified Air Volume
Rate. capacity northern heat pumps that are tested Rates are different due to indoor fan
3.1.4.4.1 Ducted heat pumps where the only at low capacity cooling—see 3.1.4.4.2). operation. a. For ducted heat pumps that
Heating and Cooling Certified Air Volume b. For heat pumps that meet the above regulate the speed (as opposed to the cfm) of
Rates are the same. a. Use the Cooling criteria ‘‘1’’ and ‘‘3,’’ no minimum the indoor fan,
ER11OC05.003</MATH>
H1 or H12 Test Fan Speed

Heating Certified Air Volume Rate = Cooling Certified Air Volume Rate × .
A or A 2 Test Fan Speed
ER11OC05.002</MATH>
For such heat pumps, obtain the Heating the manufacturer must specify the Heating instability or an automatic shutdown of the
Certified Air Volume Rate without regard to Certified Air Volume Rate. For such heat indoor blower while being as close to, but not
the external static pressure. pumps, conduct all tests that specify the less than,
b. For ducted heat pumps that regulate the Heating Certified Air Volume Rate at an
air volume rate delivered by the indoor fan, external static pressure that does not cause
2
 Heating Certified Air Volume Rate 
Heating Certified ∆Pst = Cooling Certified ∆Pst × 
where the Cooling Certified DPst is the air volume rate for all tests of heating-only Air Volume Rate, obtain an external static
applicable Table 2 minimum external static heat pumps that call for the Heating Certified pressure that does not cause instability or an
pressure that was specified for the A or A2 Air Volume Rate. The second requirement is automatic shutdown of the indoor blower
Test. as follows: while being as close to, but not less than, the
c. When testing ducted, two-capacity a. For heating-only heat pumps that are applicable Table 2 minimum.
northern heat pumps (see Definition 1.46), tested with a fixed-speed, multi-speed, or c. For ducted heating-only heat pumps that
use the appropriate approach of the above variable-speed variable-air-volume-rate are tested without an indoor fan installed.
two cases for units that are tested with an indoor fan installed. For the H1 or H12 Test For the H1 or H12 Test, (exclusively), the
indoor fan installed. For coil-only (fanless) (exclusively), the measured external static pressure drop across the indoor coil assembly
northern heat pumps, the Heating Certified pressure must be equal to or greater than the must not exceed 0.30 inches of water. If this
Air Volume Rate is the lesser of the rate Table 2 minimum external static pressure
pressure drop is exceeded, reduce the air
specified by the manufacturer or 133 percent that applies given the heating-only heat
volume rate until the measured pressure drop
of the Cooling Certified Air Volume Rate. For pump’s rated heating capacity. If the Table 2
equals the specified maximum. Use this
this latter case, obtain the Heating Certified minimum is not equaled or exceeded,
Air Volume Rate regardless of the pressure incrementally change the set-up of the indoor reduced air volume rate for all tests that
drop across the indoor coil assembly. fan until the Table 2 requirement is met require the Heating Certified Air Volume
3.1.4.4.3 Ducted heating-only heat while maintaining the same air volume rate. Rate.
pumps. The manufacturer must specify the If the indoor fan set-up changes cannot 3.1.4.4.4 Non-ducted heat pumps,
Heating Certified Air Volume Rate. Use this provide the necessary external static including non-ducted heating-only heat
value when the following two requirements pressure, then reduce the air volume rate pumps. For non-ducted heat pumps, the
are satisfied. First, when conducting the H1 until the correct Table 2 minimum is Heating Certified Air Volume Rate is the air
or H12 Test (exclusively), the measured air equaled. For the last scenario, use the volume rate that results during each test
volume rate, when divided by the measured reduced air volume rate for all tests that when the unit operates at an external static
indoor air-side total heating capacity, must require the Heating Certified Air Volume pressure of zero inches of water.
not exceed 37.5 cubic feet per minute of Rate. 3.1.4.5 Heating Minimum Air Volume
standard air (scfm) per 1000 Btu/h. If this b. For ducted heating-only heat pumps Rate. a. For ducted heat pumps that regulate
ratio is exceeded, reduce the air volume rate having a constant-air-volume-rate indoor fan. the speed (as opposed to the cfm) of the
until this ratio is equaled. Use this reduced For all tests that specify the Heating Certified indoor fan,
Heating Minimum Fan Speed

Heating Minimum Air Volume Rate = Heating Certified Air Volume Rate ×
H12 Test Fan Speed
where ‘‘Heating Minimum Fan Speed’’ speed variable-air-volume-rate indoor fan). pumps, conduct all tests that specify the
corresponds to the fan speed used when For such heat pumps, obtain the Heating Heating Minimum Air Volume Rate—(i.e.,
operating at low compressor capacity (two- Minimum Air Volume Rate without regard to the H01, H11, H21, and H31 Tests)—at an
capacity system), the lowest fan speed used the external static pressure. external static pressure that does not cause
at any time when operating at the minimum b. For ducted heat pumps that regulate the
instability or an automatic shutdown of the
compressor speed (variable-speed system), or air volume rate delivered by the indoor fan,
the lowest fan speed used when heating the manufacturer must specify the Heating indoor blower while being as close to, but not
(single-speed compressor and a variable- Minimum Air Volume Rate. For such heat less than,
2
 Htg Minimum Air Vol. Rate 
ER11OC05.161</MATH>
H01 , H11 , H21 , H31 , Test ∆Pst = ∆Pst,H12 ×   ,
 Htg Certified Air Vol. Rate 
where ∆Pst ,H12 northern heat pumps that are tested without Rate without regard to the pressure drop
ER11OC05.009</MATH>
an indoor fan installed, use the Cooling across the indoor coil assembly.
is the minimum external static pressure that Certified Air Volume Rate as the Heating e. For non-ducted heat pumps, the Heating
was targeted during the H12 Test. Minimum Air Volume Rate. For ducted two- Minimum Air Volume Rate is the air volume
c. For ducted two-capacity northern heat
capacity heating-only heat pumps that are rate that results during each test when the
pumps that are tested with an indoor fan
tested without an indoor fan installed, the unit operates at an external static pressure of
installed, use the appropriate approach of the
ER11OC05.008</MATH>
Heating Minimum Air Volume Rate is the zero inches of water and at the indoor fan
above two cases.
d. For ducted two-capacity heat pumps higher of the rate specified by the setting used at low compressor capacity (two-
that are tested without an indoor fan manufacturer or 75 percent of the Heating capacity system) or minimum compressor
installed, use the Cooling Minimum Air Certified Air Volume Rate. During the speed (variable-speed system). For units
Volume Rate as the Heating Minimum Air laboratory tests on a coil-only (fanless) unit, having a single-speed compressor and a
ER11OC05.007</MATH>
Volume Rate. For ducted two-capacity obtain the Heating Minimum Air Volume variable-speed, variable-air-volume-rate
indoor fan, use the lowest fan setting allowed 3.1.4.6 Heating Intermediate Air Volume
for heating. Rate. a. For ducted heat pumps that regulate
the speed of the indoor fan,
H2 V Test Fan Speed

Heating Intermediate Air Volume Rate = Heating Certified Air Volume Rate × .
H12 Test Fan Speed
For such heat pumps, obtain the Heating the manufacturer must specify the Heating blower while being as close to, but not less
Intermediate Air Volume Rate without regard Intermediate Air Volume Rate. For such heat than,
to the external static pressure. pumps, conduct the H2V Test at an external
b. For ducted heat pumps that regulate the static pressure that does not cause instability
air volume rate delivered by the indoor fan, or an automatic shutdown of the indoor
2
 Heating Intermediate Air Volume Rate 
H2 V Test ∆Pst = ∆Pst,H12 ×   ,
 Heating Certified Air Volume Rate 
where ∆Pst ,H12 inches of water and at the fan speed selected Test’’ for H2V Test’’ within the first section
by the controls of the unit for the H2V Test 3.1.4.6 equation, substituting ‘‘H1N Test DPst’’
is the minimum external static pressure that conditions. for ‘‘H2V Test DPst’’ in the second section
was specified for the H12 Test. 3.1.4.7 Heating Nominal Air Volume 3.1.4.6 equation, substituting ‘‘H1N Test’’ for
c. For non-ducted heat pumps, the Heating Rate. Except for the noted changes, determine each ‘‘H2V Test’’, and substituting ‘‘Heating
Intermediate Air Volume Rate is the air the Heating Nominal Air Volume Rate using
volume rate that results when the heat pump Nominal Air Volume Rate’’ for each ‘‘Heating
the approach described in section 3.1.4.6.
operates at an external static pressure of zero Required changes include substituting ‘‘H1N Intermediate Air Volume Rate.’’
H1N Test Fan Speed

Heating Nominal Air Volume Rate = Heating Certified Air Volume Rate × .
H12 Test Fan Speed
2
 Heating Nominal Air Volume Rate 
H1N Test ∆Pst = ∆Pst,H12 ×   .
 Heating Certified Air Volume Rate 
3.1.5 Indoor test room requirement when § 430.22), maintain the dry bulb temperature specified in sections 7.8.3.1 and 7.8.3.2 of
the air surrounding the indoor unit is not within the test room within ±5.0 °F of the ASHRAE Standard 37–88 (incorporated by
supplied from the same source as the air applicable sections 3.2 and 3.6 dry bulb reference, see § 430.22). When using the
entering the indoor unit. If using a test set- temperature test condition for the air entering Outdoor Air Enthalpy Method, follow
up where air is ducted directly from the air the indoor unit. sections 7.8.3.1 and 7.8.3.2 to calculate the
reconditioning apparatus to the indoor coil 3.1.6 Air volume rate calculations. For all
inlet (see Figure 2, Loop Air-Enthalpy Test steady-state tests and for frost accumulation air volume rate through the outdoor coil. To
Method Arrangement, of ASHRAE Standard (H2, H21, H22, H2V) tests, calculate the air express air volume rates in terms of standard
37–88) (incorporated by reference, see volume rate through the indoor coil as air, use:
˙ ˙
ER11OC05.013</MATH>
˙ = V V
Vs
mx
= mx
(3-1)
lbm da ' lbm da
0.075 ⋅ v n ⋅ [1 + Wn ] 0.075 ⋅ vn
ft 3 ft 3
where, 3.1.7 Test sequence. When testing a should precede the EV Test if one expects to ER11OC05.012</MATH>
Ô ducted unit (except if a heating-only heat adjust the indoor fan control options when
Vs = air volume rate of standard (dry) air, (ft3/
pump), conduct the A or A2 Test first to preparing for the first Minimum Air Volume
Ô min)da
Vmx = air volume rate of the air-water vapor establish the Cooling Certified Air Volume Rate test. Under the same circumstances, the
mixture, (ft3/min)mx Rate. For ducted heat pumps where the first test using the Heating Minimum Air
ER11OC05.162</MATH>
vn′ = specific volume of air-water vapor Heating and Cooling Certified Air Volume Volume Rate should precede the H2V Test.
mixture at the nozzle, ft3 per lbm of the Rates are different, make the first heating The test laboratory makes all other decisions
air-water vapor mixture mode test one that requires the Heating on the test sequence.
Wn = humidity ratio at the nozzle, lbm of Certified Air Volume Rate. For ducted 3.1.8 Requirement for the air temperature
water vapor per lbm of dry air heating-only heat pumps, conduct the H1 or distribution leaving the indoor coil. For at
0.075 = the density associated with standard H12 Test first to establish the Heating least the first cooling mode test and the first
ER11OC05.011</MATH>
(dry) air, (lbm/ft3) Certified Air Volume Rate. When conducting heating mode test, monitor the temperature
vn = specific volume of the dry air portion an optional cyclic test, always conduct it distribution of the air leaving the indoor coil
of the mixture evaluated at the dry-bulb immediately after the steady-state test that using the grid of individual sensors described
temperature, vapor content, and requires the same test conditions. For in sections 2.5 and 2.5.4. For the 30-minute
barometric pressure existing at the variable-speed systems, the first test using data collection interval used to determine
ER11OC05.010</MATH>
nozzle, ft3 per lbm of dry air. the Cooling Minimum Air Volume Rate capacity, the maximum spread among the
outlet dry bulb temperatures from any data heat pumps and heat pumps covered under 3.2 Cooling mode tests for different types
sampling must not exceed 1.5 °F. Install the section 3.6.2, the short test follows the H12 of air conditioners and heat pumps.
mixing devices described in section 2.5.4.2 to Test. Set the heat comfort controller to 3.2.1 Tests for a unit having a single-
minimize the temperature spread. provide the maximum supply air speed compressor that is tested with a fixed-
3.1.9 Control of auxiliary resistive heating temperature. With the heat pump operating speed indoor fan installed, with a constant-
elements. Except as noted, disable heat pump and while maintaining the Heating Certified air-volume-rate indoor fan installed, or with
resistance elements used for heating indoor
Air Volume Rate, measure the temperature of no indoor fan installed. Conduct two steady-
air at all times, including during defrost
cycles and if they are normally regulated by the air leaving the indoor-side beginning 5 state wet coil tests, the A and B Tests. Use
a heat comfort controller. For heat pumps minutes after activating the heat comfort the two optional dry-coil tests, the steady-
equipped with a heat comfort controller, controller. Sample the outlet dry-bulb state C Test and the cyclic D Test, to
enable the heat pump resistance elements temperature at regular intervals that span 5 determine the cooling mode cyclic
only during the below-described, short test. minutes or less. Collect data for 10 minutes, degradation coefficient, CDc. If the two
For single-speed heat pumps covered under obtaining at least 3 samples. Calculate the optional tests are not conducted, assign CDc
section 3.6.1, the short test follows the H1 or, average outlet temperature over the 10- the default value of 0.25. Table 3 specifies
if conducted, the H1C Test. For two-capacity minute interval, TCC. test conditions for these four tests.
TABLE 3.—COOLING MODE TEST CONDITIONS FOR UNITS HAVING A SINGLE-SPEED COMPRESSOR AND A FIXED-SPEED
INDOOR FAN, A CONSTANT AIR VOLUME RATE INDOOR FAN, OR NO INDOOR FAN
Air entering indoor unit tem- Air entering outdoor unit tem-
perature (°F) perature (°F)
Test description Cooling air volume rate
Dry bulb Wet bulb Dry bulb Wet bulb
A Test—required (steady, wet coil) .......................... 80 67 95 1 75 Cooling certified 2

B Test—required (steady, wet coil) .......................... 80 67 82 1 65 Cooling certified 2
C Test—optional (steady, dry coil) ........................... 80 (3) 82 ...................... Cooling certified 2
D Test—optional (cyclic, dry coil) ............................. 80 (3) 82 ...................... (4)
1 Thespecified test condition only applies if the unit rejects condensate to the outdoor coil.
2 Definedin section 3.1.4.1.
3 Theentering air must have a low enough moisture content so no condensate forms on the indoor coil. (It is recommended that an indoor wet-
bulb temperature of 57 °F or less be used.)
4 Maintain the airflow nozzles static pressure difference or velocity pressure during the ON period at the same pressure difference or velocity
pressure as measured during the C Test.
3.2.2 Tests for a unit having a single- determine the cooling mode cyclic section 3.2.1 and Table 3. Use a Cooling
speed compressor and a variable-speed degradation coefficient, CDc. If the two Certified Air Volume Rate that represents a
variable-air-volume-rate indoor fan installed. optional tests are not conducted, assign CDc normal residential installation. If performed,
3.2.2.1 Indoor fan capacity modulation the default value of 0.25. Table 4 specifies conduct the steady-state C Test and the cyclic
that correlates with the outdoor dry bulb test conditions for these six tests. D Test with the unit operating in the same
temperature. Conduct four steady-state wet 3.2.2.2 Indoor fan capacity modulation
coil tests: The A2, A1 , B2, and B1 Tests. Use based on adjusting the sensible to total (S/T) S/T capacity control mode as used for the B
the two optional dry-coil tests, the steady- cooling capacity ratio. The testing Test.
state C1 Test and the cyclic D1 Test, to requirements are the same as specified in
TABLE 4.—COOLING MODE TEST CONDITIONS FOR UNITS HAVING A SINGLE-SPEED COMPRESSOR AND A VARIABLE AIR
VOLUME RATE INDOOR FAN THAT CORRELATES WITH THE OUTDOOR DRY BULB TEMPERATURE (SEC. 3.2.2.1)
Air entering indoor unit tem- Air entering outdoor unit tem-
perature (°F) perature (°F)
A2 Test—required (steady, wet coil) ......................... 80 67 95 1 75 Cooling certified 2

A1 Test—required (steady, wet coil) ......................... 80 67 95 1 75 Cooling minimum 3
B2 Test—required (steady, wet coil) ......................... 80 67 82 1 65 Cooling certified 2
B1 Test—required (steady, wet coil) ......................... 80 67 82 1 65 Cooling minimum 3
C1 Test 4—optional (steady, dry coil) ........................ 80 (4) 82 ...................... Cooling minimum 3
D1 Test 4—optional (cyclic, dry coil) .......................... 80 (4) 82 ...................... (5)
1 The specified test condition only applies if the unit rejects condensate to the outdoor coil.
3 Defined in section 3.1.4.2.
4 The entering air must have a low enough moisture content so no condensate forms on the indoor coil. (It is recommended that an indoor wet-
pressure as measured during the C1 Test.
3.2.3 Tests for a unit having a two- cyclic degradation coefficient, CDc. If the two to total (S/T) cooling capacity ratio, use
capacity compressor. (See Definition 1.45.) a. optional tests are not conducted, assign CDc Cooling Certified and Cooling Minimum Air
Conduct four steady-state wet coil tests: The the default value of 0.25. Table 5 specifies Volume Rates that represent a normal
A2, A1, B2, and B1 Tests. Use the two optional test conditions for these six tests. residential installation. Additionally, if
dry-coil tests, the steady-state C1 Test and the b. For units having a variable speed indoor conducting the optional dry-coil tests,
cyclic D1 Test, to determine the cooling mode fan that is modulated to adjust the sensible
operate the unit in the same S/T capacity operating exclusively at low compressor conduct the A1 Test using the outdoor
control mode as used for the B1 Test. capacity (see section 3.2.1 and Table 3). temperature conditions listed for the F1 Test
c. Test two-capacity, northern heat pumps d. If a two-capacity air conditioner or heat in Table 6 rather than using the outdoor
(see Definition 1.46) in the same way as a pump locks out low capacity operation at temperature conditions listed in Table 5 for
single speed heat pump with the unit outdoor temperatures that are less than 95 °F, the A1 Test.
TABLE 5.—COOLING MODE TEST CONDITIONS FOR UNITS HAVING A TWO-CAPACITY COMPRESSOR
Air entering indoor Air entering outdoor
unit unit Com-
temperature (°F) temperature (°F)
Test description pressor Cooling air volume rate
capacity
Wet Wet
Dry bulb Dry bulb
bulb bulb
A2 Test—required (steady, wet coil) ..................................... 80 67 95 1 75 High Cooling Certified 2

A1 Test—required (steady, wet coil) ..................................... 80 67 95 1 75 Low Cooling Minimum 3
B2 Test—required (steady, wet coil) ..................................... 80 67 82 1 65 High Cooling Certified 2
B1 Test—required (steady, wet coil) ..................................... 80 67 82 1 65 Low Cooling Minimum 3
C1 Test 4—optional (steady, dry coil) .................................... 80 (4) 82 .............. Low Cooling Minimum 3
D1 Test 4—optional (cyclic, dry coil) ...................................... 80 (4) 82 .............. Low (5)
pressure as measured during the C1 Test.
3.2.4 Tests for a unit having a variable- the steady-state G1 Test and the cyclic I1 Test, the default value of 0.25. Table 6 specifies
speed compressor. a. Conduct five steady- to determine the cooling mode cyclic test conditions for these seven tests.
state wet coil tests: The A2, EV, B2, B1, and degradation coefficient,CDc. If the two Determine the intermediate compressor
F1 Tests. Use the two optional dry-coil tests, optional tests are not conducted, assign CDc speed cited in Table 6 using:
Maximum speed − Minimum speed

Intermediate speed = Minimum speed +
3
where a tolerance of plus 5 percent or the cooling capacity ratio, use Cooling Certified, operate the unit in the same S/T capacity
next higher inverter frequency step from that Cooling Intermediate, and Cooling Minimum control mode as used for the F1 Test.
calculated is allowed. Air Volume Rates that represent a normal
b. For units that modulate the indoor fan residential installation. Additionally, if
speed to adjust the sensible to total (S/T) conducting the optional dry-coil tests,
TABLE 6.—COOLING MODE TEST CONDITIONS FOR UNITS HAVING A VARIABLE-SPEED COMPRESSOR
Air entering indoor Air entering outdoor
unit unit
Temperature (°F) Temperature (°F) Compressor
speed
Wet Wet
Dry bulb Dry bulb
bulb bulb
A2 Test—required (steady, wet coil) ........................... 80 67 95 1 75 Maximum Cooling Certified 2

B2 Test—required (steady, wet coil) ........................... 80 67 82 1 65 Maximum Cooling Certified 2
EV Test—required (steady, wet coil) ........................... 80 67 87 1 69 Intermediate Cooling Intermediate 3
B1 Test—required (steady, wet coil) ........................... 80 67 82 1 65 Minimum Cooling Minimum 4
F1 Test—required (steady, wet coil) ............................ 80 67 67 1 53.5 Minimum Cooling Minimum 4
G1 Test 5—optional (steady, dry coil) .......................... 80 (5) 67 .............. Minimum Cooling Minimum 4
I1 Test 5—optional (cyclic, dry coil) .............................. 80 (5) 67 .............. Minimum (6)
pressure as measured during the G1 Test.
3.3 Test procedures for steady-state wet apparatus and the unit to be tested until airflow measuring apparatus and, if installed,
coil cooling mode tests (the A, A2, A1, B, B2, maintaining equilibrium conditions for at the indoor fan of the test unit to obtain and
B1, EV, and F1 Tests). a. For the pretest least 30 minutes at the specified section 3.2 then maintain the indoor air volume rate
ER11OC05.014</MATH>
interval, operate the test room reconditioning test conditions. Use the exhaust fan of the and/or external static pressure specified for
the particular test. Continuously record (see static pressure every 5 minutes or less. these two variables, replace the ‘‘T’’ with the
Definition 1.15): Continue data sampling until reaching a 30- nominal outdoor temperature at which the
(1) The dry-bulb temperature of the air minute period (e.g., four consecutive 10- test was conducted. The superscript k is used
entering the indoor coil, minute samples) where the test tolerances only when testing multi-capacity units. Use
(2) The water vapor content of the air specified in Table 7 are satisfied. For those the superscript k=2 to denote a test with the
entering the indoor coil, continuously recorded parameters, use the unit operating at high capacity or maximum
(3) The dry-bulb temperature of the air entire data set from the 30-minute interval to speed, k=1 to denote low capacity or
entering the outdoor coil, and evaluate Table 7 compliance. Determine the minimum speed, and k=v to denote the
(4) For the section 2.2.4 cases where its average electrical power consumption of the intermediate speed.
control is required, the water vapor content air conditioner or heat pump over the same d. For units tested without an indoor fan
of the air entering the outdoor coil. 30-minute interval. installed, decrease Q̇ck(T) by
Refer to section 3.11 for additional c. Calculate indoor-side total cooling
requirements that depend on the selected capacity as specified in section 7.3.3.1 of 1250 Btu/h ˙
secondary test method. ASHRAE Standard 37–88 (incorporated by ⋅ Vs ,
b. After satisfying the pretest equilibrium reference, see § 430.22). Do not adjust the 1000 scfm
requirements, make the measurements parameters used in calculating capacity for and increase Ėck(T) by,
specified in Table 5 of ASHRAE Standard the permitted variations in test conditions.
37–88 (incorporated by reference, see Evaluate air enthalpies based on the 365 W
§ 430.22) for the Indoor Air Enthalpy method measured barometric pressure. Assign the ˙ ,
⋅ Vs
and the user-selected secondary method. average total space cooling capacity and Ô
1000 scfm
Except for external static pressure, make the electrical power consumption over the 30- where Vs is the average measured indoor air
Table 5 measurements at equal intervals that minute data collection interval to the volume rate expressed in units of cubic feet
span 10 minutes or less. Measure external variables Q̇ck(T) and Ėck(T), respectively. For per minute of standard air (scfm).
TABLE 7.—TEST OPERATING AND TEST CONDITION TOLERANCES FOR SECTION 3.3 STEADY-STATE WET COIL COOLING
MODE TESTS AND SECTION 3.4 DRY COIL COOLING MODE TESTS
Test operating tolerance 1 Test condition tolerance 2
Indoor dry-bulb, °F
Entering temperature ................................................................................................ 2.0 0.5
Leaving temperature ................................................................................................. 2.0
Indoor wet-bulb, °F
Entering temperature ................................................................................................ 1.0 3 0.3
Leaving temperature ................................................................................................. 3 1.0
Outdoor dry-bulb, °F
Entering temperature ................................................................................................ 2.0 0.5
Outdoor wet-bulb, °F
Entering temperature ................................................................................................ 1.0 5 0.3
External resistance to airflow, inches of water ................................................................ 0.05 6 0.02
Electrical voltage, % of rdg. ............................................................................................. 2.0 1.5

Nozzle pressure drop, % of rdg. ..................................................................................... 2.0
1 See Definition 1.41.
3 Only applies during wet coil tests; does not apply during steady-state, dry coil cooling mode tests.
4 Only applies when using the Outdoor Air Enthalpy Method.
5 Only applies during wet coil cooling mode tests where the unit rejects condensate to the outdoor coil.
6 Only applies when testing non-ducted units.
d. For air conditioners and heat pumps corresponding external static pressure (DP1) 3. After re-establishing steady readings of
having a constant-air-volume-rate indoor fan, during or immediately following the 30- the fan motor power and external static
the five additional steps listed below are minute interval used for determining pressure, determine average values for the
required if the average of the measured capacity. indoor fan power (Ėfan,2) and the external
external static pressures exceeds the 2. After completing the 30-minute interval static pressure (DP2) by making
applicable sections 3.1.4 minimum (or target) and while maintaining the same test
external static pressure (DPmin) by 0.03 inches conditions, adjust the exhaust fan of the measurements over a 5-minute interval.
of water or more. airflow measuring apparatus until the 4. Approximate the average power
1. Measure the average power consumption external static pressure increases to consumption of the indoor fan motor at DPmin
of the indoor fan motor (Ėfan,1) and record the approximately DP1 + (DP1 ¥ DPmin). using linear extrapolation:
ER11OC05.017</MATH>
E˙ fan,2 − E˙ fan,1
E˙ fan,min =
∆P2 − ∆P1
(∆Pmin − ∆P1 ) + E˙ fan,1 ⋅
ER11OC05.016</MATH>
5. Increase the total space cooling capacity, 3.4 Test procedures for the optional Prior to recording data during the steady-
Q̇ck(T), by the quantity (Ėfan,1 ¥ Ėfan,min), steady-state dry coil cooling mode tests (the state dry coil test, operate the unit at least
when expressed on a Btu/h basis. Decrease C, C1, and G1 Tests). a. Except for the one hour after achieving dry coil conditions.
the total electrical power, Ėck(T), by the same modifications noted in this section, conduct Drain the drain pan and plug the drain
fan power difference, now expressed in the steady-state dry coil cooling mode tests opening. Thereafter, the drain pan should
ER11OC05.015</MATH>
watts. as specified in section 3.3 for wet coil tests. remain completely dry.
b. Denote the resulting total space cooling the following occur when testing with the fan TABLE 8.—TEST OPERATING AND TEST
capacity and electrical power derived from operating:
the test as Q̇ss,dry and Ėss,dry(T). In preparing
CONDITION TOLERANCES FOR CY-
(1) The test unit automatically cycles off;
for the section 3.5 cyclic test, record Ô the CLIC DRY COIL COOLING MODE
(2) Its blower motor reverses; or
average indoor-side air volume rate, V, (3) The unit operates for more than 30 TESTS
specific heat of the air, Cp,a (expressed on dry seconds at an external static pressure that is
air basis), specific volume of the air at the 0.1 inches of water or more higher than the Test Oper- Test Condi-
nozzles, v′n, humidity ratio at the nozzles, value measured during the prior steady-state ating Toler- tion Toler-
Wn, and either pressure difference or velocity ance 1 ance 2
test.
pressure for the flow nozzles. For units
For the pull-thru approach, disable the Indoor enter-
having a variable-speed indoor fan (that
provides either a constant or variable air indoor fan and use the exhaust fan of the ing dry-bulb
volume rate) that will or may be tested airflow measuring apparatus to generate the tempera-
during the cyclic dry coil cooling mode test specified flow nozzles static pressure ture 3, °F .... 2.0 0.5
with the indoor fan turned off (see section difference or velocity pressure. If the exhaust Indoor enter-
3.5), include the electrical power used by the fan cannot deliver the required pressure ing wet-bulb
indoor fan motor among the recorded difference because of resistance created by tempera-
parameters from the 30-minute test. the unpowered blower, temporarily remove ture, °F ...... ...................... (4)
3.5 Test procedures for the optional the blower. Outdoor en-
cyclic dry coil cooling mode tests (the D, D1, e. After completing a minimum of two tering dry-
and I1 Tests). a. After completing the steady- complete compressor OFF/ON cycles, bulb tem-
state dry-coil test, remove the Outdoor Air determine the overall cooling delivered and perature 3,
Enthalpy method test apparatus, if total electrical energy consumption during °F ............... 2.0 0.5
connected, and begin manual OFF/ON any subsequent data collection interval External re-
cycling of the unit’s compressor. The test set- where the test tolerances given in Table 8 are sistance to
up should otherwise be identical to the set- satisfied. If available, use electric resistance airflow 3,
up used during the steady-state dry coil test. heaters (see section 2.1) to minimize the inches of
When testing heat pumps, leave the reversing variation in the inlet air temperature. water ......... 0.05 ......................
valve during the compressor OFF cycles in f. With regard to the Table 8 parameters, Airflow nozzle
the same position as used for the compressor pressure
continuously record the dry-bulb
ON cycles, unless automatically changed by difference
temperature of the air entering the indoor
the controls of the unit. For units having a or velocity
and outdoor coils during periods when air
variable-speed indoor fan, the manufacturer pressure 3,
has the option of electing at the outset flows through the respective coils. Sample
% of read-
whether to conduct the cyclic test with the the water vapor content of the indoor coil ing ............. 2.0 5 2.0
indoor fan enabled or disabled. Always revert inlet air at least every 2 minutes during Electrical volt-
to testing with the indoor fan disabled if periods when air flows through the coil. age 6, % of
cyclic testing with the fan enabled is Record external static pressure and the air rdg. ............ 2.0 1.5
unsuccessful. volume rate indicator (either nozzle pressure
b. For units having a single-speed or two- difference or velocity pressure) at least every
capacity compressor, cycle the compressor minute during the interval that air flows
3 Applies during the interval that air flows
OFF for 24 minutes and then ON for 6 through the indoor coil. (These regular
through the indoor (outdoor) coil except for the
minutes (Dtcyc,dry = 0.5 hours). For units measurements of the airflow rate indicator first 30 seconds after flow initiation. For units
having a variable-speed compressor, cycle are in addition to the required measurement having a variable-speed indoor fan that ramps,
the compressor OFF for 48 minutes and then at 15 seconds after flow initiation.) Sample the tolerances listed for the external resistance
ON for 12 minutes (Dtcyc,dry = 1.0 hours). the electrical voltage at least every 2 minutes to airflow apply from 30 seconds after achiev-
Repeat the OFF/ON compressor cycling beginning 30 seconds after compressor starting full speed until ramp down begins.
4 Shall at no time exceed a wet-bulb tem-
pattern until the test is completed. Allow the up. Continue until the compressor, the
controls of the unit to regulate cycling of the outdoor fan, and the indoor fan (if it is perature that results in condensate forming on
outdoor fan. the indoor coil.
installed and operating) cycle off. 5 The test condition shall be the average
c. Sections 3.5.1 and 3.5.2 specify airflow g. For ducted units, continuously record nozzle pressure difference or velocity pressure
requirements through the indoor coil of the dry-bulb temperature of the air entering measured during the steady-state dry coil test.
ducted and non-ducted systems, respectively. (as noted above) and leaving the indoor coil. 6 Applies during the interval when at least
In all cases, use the exhaust fan of the airflow Or if using a thermopile, continuously record one of the following—the compressor, the out-
measuring apparatus (covered under section the difference between these two door fan, or, if applicable, the indoor fan—are
2.6) along with the indoor fan of the unit, if operating except for the first 30 seconds after
temperatures during the interval that air compressor start-up.
installed and operating, to approximate a flows through the indoor coil. For non-
step response in the indoor coil airflow. ducted units, make the same dry-bulb i. If the Table 8 tolerances are satisfied over
Regulate the exhaust fan to quickly obtain the complete cycle, record the measured
temperature measurements beginning when
and then maintain the flow nozzle static electrical energy consumption as ecyc,dry and
the compressor cycles on and ending when
pressure difference or velocity pressure at the express it in units of watt-hours. Calculate
indoor coil airflow ceases.
same value as was measured during the the total space cooling delivered, qcyc,dry, in
steady-state dry coil test. The pressure h. Integrate the electrical power over
complete cycles of length Dtcyc,dry. For ducted units of Btu using,
difference or velocity pressure should be
within 2 percent of the value from the steady- units tested with an indoor fan installed and
operating, integrate electrical power from ˙ ⋅C ⋅Γ
60 ⋅ V
state dry coil test within 15 seconds after p ,a
airflow initiation. For units having a variable- indoor fan OFF to indoor fan OFF. For all q cyc,dry =
speed indoor fan that ramps when cycling on other ducted units and for non-ducted units, v ' ⋅ (1 + W )
and/or off, use the exhaust fan of the airflow integrate electrical power from compressor  n n 

measuring apparatus to impose a step OFF to compressor OFF. (Some cyclic tests
will use the same data collection intervals to ˙ ⋅C ⋅Γ
60 ⋅ V
response that begins at the initiation of ramp p ,a
up and ends at the termination of ramp determine the electrical energy and the total = (3.5 -1)
down. space cooling. For other units, terminate data vn
Ô
d. For units having a variable-speed indoor collection used to determine the electrical where V, Cp,a, vn′ (or vn), and Wn are the
fan, conduct the cyclic dry coil test using the energy before terminating data collection values recorded during the section 3.4
ER11OC05.018</MATH>
pull-thru approach described below if any of used to determine total space cooling.) dry coil steady-state test and,
τ2 a. The product of [t2 ¥ t1] and the indoor in section 3.5.1 for ducted units having a
Γ = ∫ [Tal ( τ) − Ta 2 ( τ)]dτ , hr ⋅ ° F. fan power measured during or following the disabled variable-speed indoor fan.
τ1 dry coil steady-state test; or, 3.5.3 Cooling mode cyclic degradation
Tal(t) = dry bulb temperature of the air b. The following algorithm if the indoor fan coefficient calculation. Use two optional dry-
entering the indoor coil at time t, °F. ramps its speed when cycling. coil tests to determine the cooling mode
Ta2(t) = dry bulb temperature of the air 1. Measure the electrical power consumed cyclic degradation coefficient, CDc. If the two
leaving the indoor coil at time t, °F. by the variable-speed indoor fan at a optional tests are not conducted, assign CDc
t1 = for ducted units, the elapsed time when minimum of three operating conditions: at the default value of 0.25. Evaluate CDc using
airflow is initiated through the indoor the speed/air volume rate/external static the above results and those from the section
coil; for non-ducted units, the elapsed pressure that was measured during the
3.4 dry coil steady-state test.
time when the compressor is cycled on, steady-state test, at operating conditions
hr. associated with the midpoint of the ramp-up EER cyc,dry
t2 = the elapsed time when indoor coil interval, and at conditions associated with 1−
airflow ceases, hr. the midpoint of the ramp-down interval. For EER ss,dry
3.5.1 Procedures when testing ducted these measurements, the tolerances on the C cD =
systems. The automatic controls that are airflow volume or the external static pressure 1 − CLF
normally installed with the test unit must are the same as required for the section 3.4 where,
govern the OFF/ON cycling of the air moving steady-state test.
equipment on the indoor side (exhaust fan of 2. For each case, determine the fan power q cyc,dry
the airflow measuring apparatus and, if from measurements made over a minimum of EER cyc,dry = ,
installed, the indoor fan of the test unit). For 5 minutes. e cyc,dry
example, for ducted units tested without an 3. Approximate the electrical energy the average energy efficiency ratio during the
indoor fan installed but rated based on using consumption of the indoor fan if it had cyclic dry coil cooling mode
a fan time delay relay, control the indoor coil operated during the cyclic test using all three test, Btu/W·h
airflow according to the rated ON and/or OFF power measurements. Assume a linear
delays provided by the relay. For ducted profile during the ramp intervals. The
units having a variable-speed indoor fan that manufacturer must provide the durations of
˙
Q ss,dry
has been disabled (and possibly removed), the ramp-up and ramp-down intervals. If a EER ss,dry = ˙ ,
start and stop the indoor airflow at the same manufacturer-supplied ramp interval exceeds
E ss,dry
instances as if the fan were enabled. For all 45 seconds, use a 45-second ramp interval the average energy efficiency ratio during the
other ducted units tested without an indoor nonetheless when estimating the fan energy. steady-state dry coil cooling mode test, Btu/
fan installed, cycle the indoor coil airflow in The manufacturer is allowed to choose W·h
unison with the cycling of the compressor. option a, and forego the extra testing burden
Close air dampers on the inlet (section 2.5.1) of option b, even if the unit ramps indoor fan
and outlet side (sections 2.5 and 2.5.4) during q cyc,dry
speed when cycling. CLF = ,
the OFF period. Airflow through the indoor 3.5.2 Procedures when testing non- Q ss,dry ⋅ ∆τ cyc,dry
coil should stop within 3 seconds after the ducted systems. Do not use air dampers
automatic controls of the test unit (act to) de- when conducting cyclic tests on non-ducted the cooling load factor dimensionless.
energize the indoor fan. For ducted units units. Until the last OFF/ON compressor Round the calculated value for CDc to the
tested without an indoor fan installed cycle, airflow through the indoor coil must nearest 0.01. If CDc is negative, then set
(excluding the special case where a variable- cycle off and on in unison with the it equal to zero.
speed fan is temporarily removed), increase compressor. For the last OFF/ON compressor 3.6 Heating mode tests for different types
ER11OC05.025</MATH>
ecyc,dry by the quantity,
cycle—the one used to determine ecyc,dry and of heat pumps, including heating-only heat
qcyc,dry—use the exhaust fan of the airflow pumps.
365 W ˙ ⋅ [ τ − τ ],
⋅Vs 2 1 (3.5 - 2) measuring apparatus and the indoor fan of 3.6.1 Tests for a heat pump having a
1000 scfm the test unit to have indoor airflow start 3 single-speed compressor that is tested with a
and decrease qcyc,dry by, minutes prior to compressor cut-on and end fixed speed indoor fan installed, with a
ER11OC05.024</MATH>
three minutes after compressor cutoff.
constant-air-volume-rate indoor fan installed,
1250 Btu/ h ˙ Subtract the electrical energy used by the
⋅ Vs ⋅ [ τ 2 − τ1 ],
or with no indoor fan installed. Conduct
(3.5 - 3) indoor fan during the 3 minutes prior to
three tests: The High Temperature (H1) Test,
1000Ôscfm compressor cut-on from the integrated
electrical energy, ecyc,dry. Add the electrical the Frost Accumulation (H2) Test, and the
where Vs is the average indoor air volume
rate from the section 3.4 dry coil steady- energy used by the indoor fan during the 3 Low Temperature (H3) Test. Conduct the
ER11OC05.023</MATH>
state test and is expressed in units of minutes after compressor cutoff to the optional High Temperature Cyclic (H1C) Test
cubic feet per minute of standard air integrated cooling capacity, qcyc,dry. For the to determine the heating mode cyclic
(scfm). For units having a variable-speed case where the non-ducted unit uses a degradation coefficient, CDh. If this optional
indoor fan that is disabled during the variable-speed indoor fan which is disabled test is not conducted, assign CDh the default
cyclic test, increase ecyc,dry and decrease during the cyclic test, correct ecyc,dry and value of 0.25. Test conditions for these four
ER11OC05.022</MATH>
qcyc,dry based on: qcyc,dry using the same approach as prescribed tests are specified in Table 9.
TABLE 9.—HEATING MODE TEST CONDITIONS FOR UNITS HAVING A SINGLE-SPEED COMPRESSOR AND A FIXED-SPEED
INDOOR FAN, A CONSTANT AIR VOLUME RATE INDOOR FAN, OR NO INDOOR FAN
ER11OC05.021</MATH>
Air entering indoor unit Air entering outdoor unit

Temperature (°F) Temperature (°F)
Test description Heating air volume rate
H1 Test (required, steady) ................................................ 70 60(max) 47 43 Heating Certified 1

ER11OC05.020</MATH>
H1C Test (optional, cyclic) ................................................ 70 60(max) 47 43 (2)

H2 Test (required) ............................................................. 70 60(max) 35 33 Heating Certified 1
H3 Test (required, steady) ................................................ 70 60(max) 17 15 Heating Certified 1
1 Defined
in section 3.1.4.4.
2 Maintain
the airflow nozzles static pressure difference or velocity pressure during the ON period at the same pressure difference or velocity
ER11OC05.019</MATH>
pressure as measured during the H1 Test.
3.6.2 Tests for a heat pump having a Temperature Tests (H32 and H31). the default value of 0.25. Table 10 specifies
single-speed compressor and a variable- Conducting an additional Frost test conditions for these seven tests. If the
speed, variable-air-volume-rate indoor fan: Accumulation Test (H21) is optional. optional H21 Test is not done, use the
capacity modulation correlates with outdoor Conduct the optional High Temperature following equations to approximate the
dry bulb temperature. Conduct five tests: two Cyclic (H1C1) Test to determine the heating capacity and electrical power of the heat
High Temperature Tests (H12 and H11), one mode cyclic degradation coefficient, CDh. If
pump at the H21 test conditions:
Frost Accumulation Test (H22), and two Low this optional test is not conducted, assign CDh
˙ k =1 (35) = QR k = 2 (35) ⋅ Q
Q h h h {
˙ k =1 (17) + 0.6 ⋅ Q
h [
˙ k =1 ( 47) − Q
˙ k =1 (17)
h ]}
E˙ hk =1 (35) = PR hk = 2 (35) ⋅ {E˙ k =1
h (17) + 0.6 ⋅ [E˙ k =1
h (47) − E˙ hk =1 (17)] }
where,
Q˙ k = 2 (35)
˙ k = 2 (35) =
QR h
h ˙ k = 2 (17) + 0.6 ⋅ Q
Q [
˙ k = 2 ( 47) − Q
h
˙ k = 2 (17)
h ]
E˙ hk = 2 (35)
PR hk = 2 (35) = ⋅
[
E˙ hk = 2 (17) + 0.6 ⋅ E˙ hk = 2 ( 47) − E˙ hk = 2 (17) ]
The quantities Q̇hk=2(47), Ėhk=2(47), Q̇hk=1(47), Ėhk=2(35) are determined from the H22 Test and H31 Tests and evaluated as specified in
and Ėhk=1(47) are determined from the H12 and evaluated as specified in section 3.9; and section 3.10.
and H11 Tests and evaluated as specified in the quantities Q̇hk=2(17), Ėhk=2(17), Q̇hk=1(17),
section 3.7; the quantities Q̇hk=2(35) and and Ėhk=1(17), are determined from the H32
TABLE 10.—HEATING MODE TEST CONDITIONS FOR UNITS HAVING A SINGLE-SPEED COMPRESSOR AND A VARIABLE AIR
VOLUME RATE INDOOR FAN
temperature (°F) temperature (°F)
Test description Heating air volume rate
H12 Test (required, steady) ................................................. 70 60(max) ...... 47 43 Heating Certified.1

H11 Test (required, steady) ................................................. 70 60(max) ...... 47 43 Heating Minimum.2
H1C1 Test (optional, cyclic) ................................................ 70 60(max) ...... 47 43 (3)
H22 Test (required) ............................................................. 70 60(max) ...... 35 33 Heating Certified.1
H21 Test (optional) .............................................................. 70 60(max) ...... 35 33 Heating Minimum.2
H32 Test (required, steady) ................................................. 70 60(max) ...... 17 15 Heating Certified.1
H31 Test (required, steady) ................................................. 70 60(max) ...... 17 15 Heating Minimum.2
3.6.3 Tests for a heat pump having a two- and Low Temperature Test (H31) if both of b. Conduct the optional Maximum
capacity compressor (see Definition 1.45), the following conditions exist: Temperature Cyclic Test (H0C1) to determine
including two-capacity, northern heat pumps 1. Knowledge of the heat pump’s capacity the heating mode cyclic degradation
(see Definition 1.46). a. Conduct one and electrical power at low compressor coefficient, CDh. If this optional test is not
capacity for outdoor temperatures of 37°F
Maximum Temperature Test (H01), two High conducted, assign CDh the default value of
and less is needed to complete the section
Temperature Tests (H12 and H11), one Frost 4.2.3 seasonal performance calculations, and 0.25. Table 11 specifies test conditions for
Accumulation Test (H22), and one Low 2. The heat pump’s controls allow low these eight tests.
Temperature Test (H32). Conduct an capacity operation at outdoor temperatures of
additional Frost Accumulation Test (H21) 37°F and less.
TABLE 11.—HEATING MODE TEST CONDITIONS FOR UNITS HAVING A TWO-CAPACITY COMPRESSOR
Air entering indoor unit Air entering outdoor unit Com-
Test description pressor ca- Heating air volume rate
ER11OC05.027</GPH>
pacity
Dry Bulb Wet Bulb Dry Bulb Wet Bulb
H01 Test (required, steady) ......................... 70 60(max) 62 56.5 Low .......... Heating Minimum 1
H0C1 Test (optional, cyclic) ........................ 70 60(max) 62 56.5 Low .......... (2)
H12 Test (required, steady) ......................... 70 60(max) 47 43 High ......... Heating Certified 3
ER11OC05.026</GPH>
TABLE 11.—HEATING MODE TEST CONDITIONS FOR UNITS HAVING A TWO-CAPACITY COMPRESSOR—Continued
Air entering indoor unit Air entering outdoor unit Com-
Test description pressor ca- Heating air volume rate
pacity
Dry Bulb Wet Bulb Dry Bulb Wet Bulb
H11 Test (required, steady) ......................... 70 60(max) 47 43 Low .......... Heating Minimum 1
H22 Test (required) ..................................... 70 60(max) 35 33 High ......... Heating Certified 3
H21 Test 4 (required) ................................... 70 60(max) 35 33 Low .......... Heating Minimum 1
H32 Test (required, steady) ......................... 70 60(max) 17 15 High ......... Heating Certified 3
H31 Test 4 (required, steady) ....................... 70 60(max) 17 15 Low .......... Heating Minimum 1
2 Maintainthe airflow nozzles static pressure difference or velocity pressure during the ON period at the same pressure difference or velocity
4 Required only if the heat pump’s performance when operating at low compressor capacity and outdoor temperatures less than 37 °F is need-
ed to complete the section 4.2.3 HSPF calculations.
3.6.4 Tests for a heat pump having a additional High Temperature Test (H1N ) and test conditions for these eight tests.
variable-speed compressor. a. Conduct one an additional Frost Accumulation Test (H22). Determine the intermediate compressor
Maximum Temperature Test (H01), two High Conduct the optional Maximum Temperature speed cited in Table 12 using the heating
Temperature Tests (H12 and H11), one Frost Cyclic (H0C1) Test to determine the heating mode maximum and minimum compressors
Accumulation Test (H2V), and one Low mode cyclic degradation coefficient, CDh. If speeds and:
Temperature Test (H32). Conducting one or this optional test is not conducted, assign CDh
both of the following tests is optional: An the default value of 0.25. Table 12 specifies
Maximum speed − Minimum speed

Intermediate speed = Minimum speed +
3
where a tolerance of plus 5 percent or the calculated is allowed. If the H22 Test is not approximate the capacity and electrical
next higher inverter frequency step from that done, use the following equations to power at the H22 test conditions:
˙ k = 2 (35) = 0.90 ⋅ Q
Q h {
˙ k = 2 (17) + 0.6 ⋅ Q
h h [
˙ k = 2 ( 47) − Q
˙ k = 2 (17)
h ]}
E˙ hk = 2 (35) = 0.985 ⋅ {E˙ k =2
h (17) + 0.6 ⋅ [E˙ k =2
h (47) − E˙ hk =2 (17)]} ⋅
b. Determine the quantities Q̇hk=2(47) and heating mode maximum compressor speed cooling mode A2 Test. Refer to the last
from Ėhk=2(47) from the H12 Test and evaluate exceeds its cooling mode maximum sentence of section 4.2 to see how the results
them according to section 3.7. Determine the compressor speed, conduct the H1N Test if of the H1N Test may be used in calculating
quantities Q̇hk=2(17) and Ėhk=2(17) from the the manufacturer requests it. If the H1N Test the heating seasonal performance factor.
H32 Test and evaluate them according to is done, operate the heat pump’s compressor
section 3.10. For heat pumps where the at the same speed as the speed used for the
TABLE 12.—HEATING MODE TEST CONDITIONS FOR UNITS HAVING A VARIABLE-SPEED COMPRESSOR
temperature (°F) temperature (°F) Heating air volume
Test description Compressor speed rate
H01 Test (required, steady) ............... 70 60(max) ..... 62 56.5 Minimum .................... Heating Minimum.1
H0C1 Test (optional, cyclic) ............... 70 60(max) ..... 62 56.5 Minimum .................... (2)
H12 Test (required, steady) ............... 70 60(max) ..... 47 43 Maximum ................... Heating Certified.3
H11 Test (required, steady) ............... 70 60(max) ..... 47 43 Minimum .................... Heating Minimum.1
H1N Test (optional, steady) ............... 70 60(max) ..... 47 43 Cooling Mode Max- Heating Nominal.4
imum.
H22 Test (optional) ............................. 70 60(max) ..... 35 33 Maximum ................... Heating Certified.3
H2V Test (required) ............................ 70 60(max) ..... 35 33 Intermediate .............. Heating Intermediate.5
H32 Test (required, steady) ............... 70 60(max) ..... 17 15 Maximum ................... Heating Certified.3
2 Maintainthe airflow nozzles static pressure difference or velocity pressure during the ON period at the same pressure difference or velocity
ER11OC05.029</MATH>

ER11OC05.028</MATH>
3.6.5 Additional test for a heat pump interval, operate the test room reconditioning specified in Table 5 of ASHRAE Standard
having a heat comfort controller. Test any apparatus and the heat pump until 37–88 (incorporated by reference, see
heat pump that has a heat comfort controller equilibrium conditions are maintained for at § 430.22) for the Indoor Air Enthalpy method
(see Definition 1.28) according to section least 30 minutes at the specified section 3.6 and the user-selected secondary method.
3.6.1, 3.6.2, or 3.6.3, whichever applies, with test conditions. Use the exhaust fan of the Except for external static pressure, make the
the heat comfort controller disabled. airflow measuring apparatus and, if installed, Table 5 measurements at equal intervals that
Additionally, conduct the abbreviated test the indoor fan of the heat pump to obtain and span 10 minutes or less. Measure external
described in section 3.1.9 with the heat then maintain the indoor air volume rate static pressure every 5 minutes or less.
comfort controller active to determine the and/or the external static pressure specified Continue data sampling until a 30-minute
system’s maximum supply air temperature. for the particular test. Continuously record period (e.g., four consecutive 10-minute
(Note: heat pumps having a variable speed the dry-bulb temperature of the air entering samples) is reached where the test tolerances
compressor and a heat comfort controller are the indoor coil, and the dry-bulb temperature specified in Table 13 are satisfied. For those
not covered in the test procedure at this and water vapor content of the air entering continuously recorded parameters, use the
time.) the outdoor coil. Refer to section 3.11 for entire data set for the 30-minute interval
3.7 Test procedures for steady-state additional requirements that depend on the when evaluating Table 13 compliance.
Maximum Temperature and High selected secondary test method. After Determine the average electrical power
Temperature heating mode tests (the H01, H1, satisfying the pretest equilibrium consumption of the heat pump over the same
H12, H11, and H1N Tests). a. For the pretest requirements, make the measurements 30-minute interval.
TABLE 13.—TEST OPERATING AND TEST CONDITION TOLERANCES FOR SECTION 3.7 AND SECTION 3.10 STEADY-STATE
HEATING MODE TESTS
Test op- Test
erating condi-
toler- tion tol-
ance 1 erance 2
Indoor dry-bulb, °F:

Entering temperature ............................................................................................................................................................ 2.0 0.5
Leaving temperature ............................................................................................................................................................. 2.0
Indoor wet-bulb, °F:
Entering temperature ............................................................................................................................................................ 1.0
Leaving temperature ............................................................................................................................................................. 1.0
Outdoor dry-bulb, °F:
Leaving temperature ............................................................................................................................................................. 2 2.0
Outdoor wet-bulb, °F:

Leaving temperature ............................................................................................................................................................. 3 1.0
External resistance to airflow, inches of water ............................................................................................................................ 0.05 4 0.02
Electrical voltage, % of rdg .......................................................................................................................................................... 2.0 1.5

Nozzle pressure drop, % of rdg .................................................................................................................................................. 2.0
3 Only applies when the Outdoor Air Enthalpy Method is used.
4 Only applies when testing non-ducted units.
b. Calculate indoor-side total heating 30-minute data collection interval of a High d. If conducting the optional cyclic heating
capacity as specified in section 7.3.4.1 of Temperature Test, pay attention to mode test, which is described in section 3.8,
ASHRAE Standard 37–88 (incorporated by preventing a defrost cycle. Prior to this time, recordÔ the average indoor-side air volume
reference, see § 430.22). Do not adjust the allow the heat pump to perform a defrost rate, V, specific heat of the air, Cp,a
parameters used in calculating capacity for cycle if automatically initiated by its own (expressed on dry air basis), specific volume
the permitted variations in test conditions. controls. As in all cases, wait for the heat of the air at the nozzles, vn′ (or vn), humidity
Assign the average space heating capacity pump’s defrost controls to automatically ratio at the nozzles, Wn, and either pressure
and electrical power over the 30-minute data terminate the defrost cycle. Heat pumps that difference or velocity pressure for the flow
collection interval to the variables Q̇hk and undergo a defrost should operate in the nozzles. If either or both of the below criteria
Ėhk(T) respectively. The ‘‘T’’ and heating mode for at least 10 minutes after apply, determine the average, steady-state,
superscripted ‘‘k’’ are the same as described electrical power consumption of the indoor
defrost termination prior to beginning the 30-
in section 3.3. Additionally, for the heating fan motor (Ėfan,1):
minute data collection interval. For some
mode, use the superscript to denote results 1. The section 3.8 cyclic test will be
heat pumps, frost may accumulate on the
from the optional H1N Test, if conducted. conducted and the heat pump has a variable-
outdoor coil during a High Temperature test. speed indoor fan that is expected to be
c. For heat pumps tested without an indoor If the indoor coil leaving air temperature or
fan installed, increase Q̇hk(T) by disabled during the cyclic test; or
the difference between the leaving and 2. The heat pump has a (variable-speed)
entering air temperatures decreases by more constant-air volume-rate indoor fan and
1250 Btu / h ˙ than 1.5 °F over the 30-minute data
⋅ Vs , during the steady-state test the average
1000 scfm collection interval, then do not use the external static pressure (DP1) exceeds the
and increase Ėhk(T) by, collected data to determine capacity. Instead, applicable section 3.1.4.4 minimum (or
initiate a defrost cycle. Begin collecting data targeted) external static pressure (DPmin) by
ER11OC05.031</GPH>
365 W no sooner than 10 minutes after defrost 0.03 inches of water or more.
˙ ,
⋅V termination. Collect 30 minutes of new data Determine Ėfan,1 by making measurements
s
Ô
1000 scfm during which the Table 13 test tolerances are during the 30-minute data collection interval,
where Vs is the average measured indoor air satisfied. In this case, use only the results or immediately following the test and prior
volume rate expressed in units of cubic feet from the second 30-minute data collection to changing the test conditions. When the
ER11OC05.030</GPH>
per minute of standard air (scfm). During the interval to evaluate Q̇hk(47) and Ėhk(47). above ‘‘2’’ criteria applies, conduct the
following four steps after determining Ėfan,1 to or during the OFF/ON cycling, operate the TABLE 14.—TEST OPERATING AND
(which corresponds to DP1): heat pump continuously until 10 minutes TEST CONDITION TOLERANCES FOR
i. While maintaining the same test after defrost termination. After that, begin
conditions, adjust the exhaust fan of the CYCLIC HEATING MODE TESTS.
cycling the heat pump immediately or delay
airflow measuring apparatus until the until the specified test conditions have been
external static pressure increases to Test Test
approximately DP1 + (DP1 ¥ DPmin). re-established. Pay attention to preventing operating condition
ii. After re-establishing steady readings for defrosts after beginning the cycling process. toler- toler-
fan motor power and external static pressure, For heat pumps that cycle off the indoor fan ance 1 ance 2
determine average values for the indoor fan during a defrost cycle, make no effort here to
power (Ėfan,2) and the external static pressure restrict the air movement through the indoor Indoor entering dry-
(DP2) by making measurements over a 5- bulb temperature,3
coil while the fan is off. Resume the OFF/ON
minute interval. °F ........................... 2.0 0.5
cycling while conducting a minimum of two Indoor entering wet-
iii. Approximate the average power complete compressor OFF/ON cycles before
consumption of the indoor fan motor if the bulb temperature,3
determining qcyc and ecyc. °F ........................... 1.0
30-minute test had been conducted at DPmin
using linear extrapolation: 3.8.1 Heating mode cyclic degradation Outdoor entering dry-
coefficient calculation. Use the results from bulb temperature,3
E˙ − E˙ fan,1 the optional cyclic test and the required °F ........................... 2.0 0.5
E˙ fan,min = fan,2
∆P2 − ∆P1
(∆Pmin − ∆P1 ) + E˙ fan,1. steady-state test that were conducted at the Outdoor entering wet-
same test conditions to determine the heating bulb temperature,3
iv. Decrease the total space heating mode cyclic degradation coefficient, CDh. If °F ........................... 2.0 1.0
capacity, Q̇hk(T), by the quantity (Ėfan,1 ¥ the optional test is not conducted, assign CDh External resistance to
Ėfan,min), when expressed on a Btu/h basis. the default value of 0.25. air-flow,3 inches of
Decrease the total electrical power, Ėhk(T) by water ..................... 0.05
the same fan power difference, now COPcyc Airflow nozzle pres-
1− sure difference or
expressed in watts.
3.8 Test procedures for the optional cyclic
C Dh =
( )
COPss Tcyc velocity pressure,3
% of reading .......... 2.0 4 2.0
heating mode tests (the H0C1, H1C, and H1C1 1 − HLF
Tests). a. Except as noted below, conduct the Electrical voltage,5 %
cyclic heating mode test as specified in where, of rdg ..................... 2.0 1.5
section 3.5. As adapted to the heating mode, 1 See Definition 1.41.
replace section 3.5 references to ‘‘the steady- q cyc
state dry coil test’’ with ‘‘the heating mode
COPcyc = , 2 See Definition 1.40.
Btu / h 3 Applies during the interval that air flows
steady-state test conducted at the same test 3.413 ⋅ e cyc through the indoor (outdoor) coil except for the
W
conditions as the cyclic heating mode test.’’ first 30 seconds after flow initiation. For units
Use the test tolerances in Table 14 rather the average coefficient of performance during having a variable-speed indoor fan that ramps,
than Table 8. Record the outdoor coil the cyclic heating mode test, dimensionless. the tolerances listed for the external resistance
entering wet-bulb temperature according to to airflow shall apply from 30 seconds after
the requirements given in section 3.5 for the Q˙k T ( ) achieving full speed until ramp down begins.
( ) h cyc 4 The test condition shall be the average
outdoor coil entering dry-bulb temperature. COPss Tcyc = ,
( )
Btu / h ˙ k nozzle pressure difference or velocity pressure
Drop the subscript ‘‘dry’’ used in variables 3.413 ⋅ E h Tcyc measured during the steady-state test con-
cited in section 3.5 when referring to W ducted at the same test conditions.
quantities from the cyclic heating mode test. the average coefficient of performance during 5 Applies during the interval that at least one
Determine the total space heating delivered of the following—the compressor, the outdoor
the steady-state heating mode test conducted
during the cyclic heating test, qcyc, as fan, or, if applicable, the indoor fan—are oper-
specified in section 3.5 except for making the at the same test conditions—i.e., same ating, except for the first 30 seconds after
following changes: outdoor dry bulb temperature, Tcyc, and compressor start-up.
ER11OC05.037</MATH>
(1) When evaluating Equation 3.5–1, use speed/capacity, k, if applicable—as specified
Ô 3.9 Test procedures for Frost
the values of V, Cp,a,vn′, (or vn), and Wn that for the cyclic heating mode test, Accumulation heating mode tests (the H2,
were recorded during the section 3.7 steady- dimensionless. H22, H2V, and H21 Tests). a. Confirm that the
state test conducted at the same test defrost controls of the heat pump are set as
conditions. q cyc specified in section 2.2.1. Operate the test
HLF = ,
( )
ER11OC05.036</MATH>
(2) Calculate G using, ˙ k T ⋅ ∆τ room reconditioning apparatus and the heat
Q h cyc cyc
τ2
pump for at least 30 minutes at the specified
section 3.6 test conditions before starting the
∫ [Ta 2 (τ) − Ta1(τ)]δτ, hr ⋅ ° F.
the heating load factor, dimensionless.
Γ= ‘‘preliminary’’ test period. The preliminary
Tcyc = the nominal outdoor temperature at
τ1 test period must immediately precede the
which the cyclic heating mode test is
‘‘official’’ test period, which is the heating
ER11OC05.035</MATH>
b. For ducted heat pumps tested without conducted, 62 or 47 °F.
an indoor fan installed (excluding the special and defrost interval over which data are
Dtcyc = the duration of the OFF/ON intervals; collected for evaluating average space heating
case where a variable-speed fan is
temporarily removed), increase qcyc by the 0.5 hours when testing a heat pump having capacity and average electrical power
amount calculated using Equation 3.5–3. a single-speed or two-capacity compressor consumption.
Additionally, increase ecyc by the amount and 1.0 hour when testing a heat pump b. For heat pumps containing defrost
ER11OC05.034</MATH>
calculated using Equation 3.5–2. In making having a variable-speed compressor. controls which are likely to cause defrosts at
these calculations, use the average indoor air Round the calculated value for CDh to the intervals less than one hour, the preliminary
Ô
volume rate (Vs) determined from the section nearest 0.01. If CDh is negative, then set it test period starts at the termination of an
3.7 steady-state heating mode test conducted equal to zero. automatic defrost cycle and ends at the
at the same test conditions. termination of the next occurring automatic
defrost cycle. For heat pumps containing
ER11OC05.033</MATH>
c. For non-ducted heat pumps, subtract the

electrical energy used by the indoor fan defrost controls which are likely to cause
during the 3 minutes after compressor cutoff defrosts at intervals exceeding one hour, the
from the non-ducted heat pump’s integrated preliminary test period must consist of a
heating capacity, qcyc. heating interval lasting at least one hour
d. If a heat pump defrost cycle is manually followed by a defrost cycle that is either
ER11OC05.032</MATH>
or automatically initiated immediately prior manually or automatically initiated. In all
cases, the heat pump’s own controls must change in converting from defrost operation f. For the official test period, collect and
govern when a defrost cycle terminates. to normal heating operation. Defrost use the following data to calculate average
c. The official test period begins when the initiation occurs when the controls of the space heating capacity and electrical power.
preliminary test period ends, at defrost heat pump first alter its normal heating During heating and defrosting intervals when
termination. The official test period ends at operation in order to eliminate possible
the controls of the heat pump have the
the termination of the next occurring accumulations of frost on the outdoor coil.
automatic defrost cycle. When testing a heat e. To constitute a valid Frost Accumulation indoor fan on, continuously record the dry-
pump that uses a time-adaptive defrost test, satisfy the test tolerances specified in bulb temperature of the air entering (as noted
control system (see Definition 1.42), Table 15 during both the preliminary and above) and leaving the indoor coil. If using
however, manually initiate the defrost cycle official test periods. As noted in Table 15, a thermopile, continuously record the
that ends the official test period at the instant test operating tolerances are specified for two difference between the leaving and entering
indicated by instructions provided by the sub-intervals: (1) When heating, except for dry-bulb temperatures during the interval(s)
manufacturer. If the heat pump has not the first 10 minutes after the termination of that air flows through the indoor coil. For
undergone a defrost after 12 hours, a defrost cycle (Sub-interval H, as described heat pumps tested without an indoor fan
immediately conclude the test and use the in Table 15) and (2) when defrosting, plus
installed, determine the corresponding
results from the full 12-hour period to these same first 10 minutes after defrost
calculate the average space heating capacity termination (Sub-interval D, as described in cumulative time (in hours) of indoor coil
and average electrical power consumption. Table 15). Evaluate compliance with Table 15 airflow, Dta. Sample measurements used in
For heat pumps that turn the indoor fan off test condition tolerances and the majority of calculating the air volume rate (refer to
during the defrost cycle, take steps to cease the test operating tolerances using the sections 7.8.3.1 and 7.8.3.2 of ASHRAE
forced airflow through the indoor coil and averages from measurements recorded only Standard 37–88 (incorporated by reference,
block the outlet duct whenever the heat during Sub-interval H. Continuously record see § 430.22)) at equal intervals that span 10
pump’s controls cycle off the indoor fan. If the dry bulb temperature of the air entering minutes or less. Record the electrical energy
it is installed, use the outlet damper box the indoor coil, and the dry bulb temperature consumed, expressed in watt-hours, from
described in section 2.5.4.1 to affect the and water vapor content of the air entering defrost termination to defrost termination,
blocked outlet duct. the outdoor coil. Sample the remaining
eDEFk(35), as well as the corresponding
d. Defrost termination occurs when the parameters listed in Table 15 at equal
controls of the heat pump actuate the first intervals that span 10 minutes or less. elapsed time in hours, DtFR.
TABLE 15.—TEST OPERATING AND TEST CONDITION TOLERANCES FOR FROST ACCUMULATION HEATING MODE TESTS.
Test operating tolerance 1 Test condi-
tion toler-
ance 2
Sub-interval Sub-interval Sub-interval
H3 D4 H3
Indoor entering dry-bulb temperature, °F ................................................................................................ 2.0 5 4.0 0.5

Indoor entering wet-bulb temperature, °F ............................................................................................... 1.0 .................... ....................
Outdoor entering dry-bulb temperature, °F ............................................................................................. 2.0 10.0 1.0
Outdoor entering wet-bulb temperature, °F ............................................................................................. 1.5 .................... 0.5
External resistance to airflow, inches of water ........................................................................................ 0.05 .................... 0.02 6
Electrical voltage, % of rdg ...................................................................................................................... 2.0 .................... 1.5
3 Applies when the heat pump is in the heating mode, except for the first 10 minutes after termination of a defrost cycle.
4 Applies during a defrost cycle and during the first 10 minutes after the termination of a defrost cycle when the heat pump is operating in the
heating mode.
5 For heat pumps that turn off the indoor fan during the defrost cycle, the noted tolerance only applies during the 10 minute interval that follows
defrost termination.
6 Only applies when testing non-ducted heat pumps.
3.9.1 Average space heating capacity and when expressed in units of Btu per hour,
electrical power calculations. a. Evaluate using:
average space heating capacity, Q̇hk(35),
˙ ⋅C ⋅Γ
60 ⋅ V ˙ ⋅C ⋅Γ
60 ⋅ V
˙ k (35) = p,a p,a
Q =
h
[
∆τ FR v'n ⋅ (1 + Wn ) ] ∆τ FR ⋅ v n
where, DtFR = t2 ¥ t1, the elapsed time from defrost Ta2(t) = dry bulb temperature of the air
Ô leaving the indoor coil at elapsed time t,
V = the average indoor air volume rate termination to defrost termination, hr.
measured during Sub-interval H, cfm. °F; only recorded when indoor coil
τ2 airflow occurs; assigned the value of zero
Cp,a = 0.24 + 0.444 · Wn, the constant pressure
specific heat of the air-water vapor Γ= ∫ [Ta 2 (τ) − Ta1 (τ)] dτ, hr ⋅ ° F. during periods (if any) where the indoor
fan cycles off.
mixture that flows through the indoor τ1
coil and is expressed on a dry air basis, t1 = the elapsed time when the defrost
ER11OC05.039</MATH>
Tal(t) = dry bulb temperature of the air

Btu / lbmda · °F. termination occurs that begins the
vn′ = specific volume of the air-water vapor entering the indoor coil at elapsed time official test period, hr.
mixture at the nozzle, ft3 / lbmmx. t, °F; only recorded when indoor coil t2 = the elapsed time when the next
Wn = humidity ratio of the air-water vapor airflow occurs; assigned the value of zero automatically occurring defrost
mixture at the nozzle, lbm of water vapor during periods (if any) where the indoor termination occurs, thus ending the
ER11OC05.038</MATH>
per lbm of dry air. fan cycles off. official test period, hr.
˙ ⋅ ∆τ a ,
vn = specific volume of the dry air portion 365 W measurement at a time when the heat pump
of the mixture evaluated at the dry-bulb ⋅Vs is heating, except for the first 10 minutes
temperature, vapor content, and 1000 scfm ∆τ FR after the termination of a defrost cycle.
Ô 2. After the Frost Accumulation heating
barometric pressure existing at the where Vs is the average indoor air volume
nozzle, ft3 per lbm of dry air. rate measured during the Frost Accumulation mode test is completed and while
b. Evaluate average electrical power, heating mode test and is expressed in units maintaining the same test conditions, adjust
of cubic feet per minute of standard air the exhaust fan of the airflow measuring
Ėhk(35), when expressed in units of watts,
(scfm). apparatus until the external static pressure
using: increases to approximately DP1 + (DP1 ¥
c. For heat pumps having a constant-air-
volume-rate indoor fan, the five additional DPmin).
e (35)
E˙ hk (35) = def . steps listed below are required if the average 3. After re-establishing steady readings for
∆τ FR of the external static pressures measured the fan motor power and external static
during sub-Interval H exceeds the applicable pressure, determine average values for the
For heat pumps tested without an indoor section 3.1.4.4, 3.1.4.5, or 3.1.4.6 minimum indoor fan power (Ėfan,2) and the external
fan installed, increase Q̇hk(35) by, (or targeted) external static pressure (DPmin) static pressure (DP2) by making
by 0.03 inches of water or more: measurements over a 5-minute interval.
1250 Btu/h ˙ ∆τ a 1. Measure the average power consumption 4. Approximate the average power
⋅ Vs ⋅ , of the indoor fan motor (Ėfan,1) and record the consumption of the indoor fan motor had the
1000 scfm ∆τ FR corresponding external static pressure (DP1) Frost Accumulation heating mode test been
and increase Ėhk(35) by, during or immediately following the Frost conducted at DPmin using linear
Accumulation heating mode test. Make the extrapolation:
E˙ fan,2 − E˙ fan,1
E˙ fan,min =
∆P2 − ∆P1
(∆Pmin − ∆P1 ) + E˙ fan,1 ⋅
5. Decrease the total heating capacity, collection interval described in section 3.7, the official test. Connect the indoor air-side
Q̇hk(35), by the quantity [(Ėfan,1 ¥ Ėfan,min)· from which Q̇hk(17) and Ėhk(17) are test apparatus to the indoor coil; disconnect
(Dt a/Dt FR], when expressed on a Btu/h basis. determined, no sooner than 10 minutes after the outdoor air-side test apparatus. Allow the
Decrease the total electrical power, Ehk(35), defrost termination. Defrosts should be test room reconditioning apparatus and the
by the same quantity, now expressed in prevented over the 30-minute data collection unit being tested to operate for at least one
watts. interval. hour. After attaining equilibrium conditions,
3.9.2 Demand defrost credit. a. Assign the 3.11 Additional requirements for the measure the following quantities at equal
demand defrost credit, Fdef, that is used in secondary test methods. Prior to evaluating if intervals that span 10 minutes or less:
section 4.2 to the value of 1 in all cases the energy balance specified in section 3.1.1 1. The section 2.10.1 evaporator and
except for heat pumps having a demand- is obtained, make an adjustment to account condenser temperatures or pressures;
defrost control system (Definition 1.21). For for the energy loss within the air duct that 2. Parameters required according to the
such qualifying heat pumps, evaluate Fdef connects the indoor coil and the location Indoor Air Enthalpy Method.
using, where the outlet dry-bulb temperature is Continue these measurements until a 30-
measured. If using the Outdoor Air Enthalpy minute period (e.g., four consecutive 10-
Method, make an adjustment to account for minute samples) is obtained where the Table
 ∆τ def − 1.5 
Fdef = 1 + 0.03 ⋅ 1 −  ,
the energy loss within the air duct that 7 or Table 13, whichever applies, test
 ∆τ max − 1.5  connects the outdoor coil and the location tolerances are satisfied.
where the outlet temperature is measured. In b. After collecting 30 minutes of steady-
where, all cases, apply the correction to the indoor state data, reconnect the outdoor air-side test
Dtdef = the time between defrost terminations space conditioning capacity that is apparatus to the unit. Adjust the exhaust fan
(in hours) or 1.5, whichever is greater. determined using the secondary test method. of the outdoor airflow measuring apparatus
Dtmax = maximum time between defrosts as 3.11.1 If using the Outdoor Air Enthalpy until averages for the evaporator and
allowed by the controls (in hours) or 12, Method as the secondary test method. During condenser temperatures, or the saturated
whichever is less. the ‘‘official’’ test, the outdoor air-side test temperatures corresponding to the measured
b. For two-capacity heat pumps and for apparatus described in section 2.10.1 is pressures, agree within ±0.5 °F of the
ER11OC05.044</MATH>
section 3.6.2 units, evaluate the above connected to the outdoor unit. To help averages achieved when the outdoor air-side
equation using the Dtdef that applies based on compensate for any effect that the addition of test apparatus was disconnected. Calculate
the Frost Accumulation Test conducted at this test apparatus may have on the unit’s the averages for the reconnected case using
high capacity and/or at the Heating Certified performance, conduct a ‘‘preliminary’’ test five or more consecutive readings taken at
Air Volume Rate. For variable-speed heat where the outdoor air-side test apparatus is one minute intervals. Make these consecutive
pumps, evaluate Dtdef based on the required
ER11OC05.043</MATH>
disconnected. Conduct a preliminary test readings after re-establishing equilibrium
Frost Accumulation Test conducted at the prior to the first section 3.2 steady-state conditions and before initiating the official
intermediate compressor speed. cooling mode test and prior to the first test.
3.10 Test procedures for steady-state Low section 3.6 steady-state heating mode test. No 3.11.1.2 If a preliminary test does not
Temperature heating mode tests (the H3, H32, other preliminary tests are required so long precede the official test. Connect the outdoor-
and H31 Tests). Except for the modifications as the unit operates the outdoor fan during side test apparatus to the unit. Adjust the
ER11OC05.042</MATH>
noted in this section, conduct the Low all cooling mode steady-state tests at the exhaust fan of the outdoor airflow measuring
Temperature heating mode test using the same speed and all heating mode steady-state apparatus to achieve the same external static
same approach as specified in section 3.7 for tests at the same speed. If using more than pressure as measured during the prior
the Maximum and High Temperature tests. one outdoor fan speed for the cooling mode preliminary test conducted with the unit
After satisfying the section 3.7 requirements steady-state tests, however, conduct a operating in the same cooling or heating
for the pretest interval but before beginning
ER11OC05.041</MATH>
preliminary test prior to each cooling mode mode at the same outdoor fan speed.
to collect data to determine Q̇hk(17) and test where a different fan speed is first used. 3.11.1.3 Official test. a. Continue
Ėhk(17), conduct a defrost cycle. This defrost This same requirement applies for the (preliminary test was conducted) or begin (no
cycle may be manually or automatically heating mode tests. preliminary test) the official test by making
initiated. The defrost sequence must be 3.11.1.1 If a preliminary test precedes the measurements for both the Indoor and
terminated by the action of the heat pump’s official test. a. The test conditions for the Outdoor Air Enthalpy Methods at equal
ER11OC05.040</MATH>
defrost controls. Begin the 30-minute data preliminary test are the same as specified for intervals that span 10 minutes or less.
Discontinue these measurement only after a. Conduct separate calibration tests using 3.11.3 If using the Refrigerant Enthalpy
obtaining a 30-minute period where the a calorimeter to determine the refrigerant Method as the secondary test method.
specified test condition and test operating flow rate. Or for cases where the superheat Conduct this secondary method according to
tolerances are satisfied. To constitute a valid of the refrigerant leaving the evaporator is section 7.6 of ASHRAE Standard 37–88
official test: less than 5 °F, use the calorimeter to measure (incorporated by reference, see § 430.22).
(1) Achieve the energy balance specified in total capacity rather than refrigerant flow Calculate space cooling and space heating
section 3.1.1; and, rate. Conduct these calibration tests at the capacities using the refrigerant enthalpy
(2) For cases where a preliminary test is same test conditions as specified for the tests method measurements as specified in
conducted, the capacities determined using in this Appendix. Operate the unit for at least sections 7.6.4 and 7.6.5, respectively, of the
the Indoor Air Enthalpy Method from the one hour or until obtaining equilibrium same ASHRAE Standard.
official and preliminary test periods must conditions before collecting data that will be 3.12 Rounding of space conditioning
agree within 2.0 percent. used in determining the average refrigerant capacities for reporting purposes.
b. For space cooling tests, calculate flow rate or total capacity. Sample the data a. When reporting rated capacities, round
capacity from the outdoor air enthalpy at equal intervals that span 10 minutes or them off as follows:
1. For capacities less than 20,000 Btu/h,
measurements as specified in section 7.3.3.2 less. Determine average flow rate or average
round to the nearest 100 Btu/h.
of ASHRAE Standard 37–88 (incorporated by capacity from data sampled over a 30-minute
2. For capacities between 20,000 and
reference, see § 430.22). Calculate heating period where the Table 7 (cooling) or the
37,999 Btu/h, round to the nearest 200 Btu/
capacity based on outdoor air enthalpy Table 13 (heating) tolerances are satisfied. h.
measurements as specified in section 7.3.4.2 Otherwise, conduct the calibration tests 3. For capacities between 38,000 and
of the same ASHRAE Standard. Adjust according to ASHRAE Standard 23–93 64,999 Btu/h, round to the nearest 500 Btu/
outdoor side capacities according to section (incorporated by reference, see § 430.22), h.
7.3.3.3 of ASHRAE Standard 37–88 ASHRAE Standard 41.9–00 (incorporated by b. For the capacities used to perform the
(incorporated by reference, see § 430.22) to reference, see § 430.22), and section 7.5 of section 4 calculations, however, round only
account for line losses when testing split ASHRAE Standard 37–88 (incorporated by to the nearest integer.
systems. Do not correct the average electrical reference, see § 430.22). 4. CALCULATIONS OF SEASONAL
power measurement as described in section b. Calculate space cooling and space PERFORMANCE DESCRIPTORS
8.5.3 of ASHRAE Standard 37–88 heating capacities using the compressor 4.1 Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio
(incorporated by reference, see § 430.22). calibration method measurements as (SEER) Calculations. SEER must be
3.11.2 If using the Compressor specified in sections 7.5.7 and 7.5.8, calculated as follows: For equipment covered
Calibration Method as the secondary test respectively, of ASHRAE Standard 37–88 under sections 4.1.2, 4.1.3, and 4.1.4,
method. (incorporated by reference, see § 430.22). evaluate the seasonal energy efficiency ratio,
8 8 ( )
q c Tj
∑ q c (T j ) ∑ N
j =1 j =1
SEER = = (4.1-1)
8
∑ e c (T j )
8 ( )
e c Tj
j =1
∑ N
j =1
where,
( )=
e c Tj Tj = the outdoor bin temperature, °F.
Outdoor temperatures are grouped or
( )=
q c Tj N ‘‘binned.’’ Use bins of 5 °F with the 8 cooling
season bin temperatures being 67, 72, 77, 82,
the electrical energy consumed by the test
N 87, 92, 97, and 102 °F.
unit during periods of the space cooling
the ratio of the total space cooling provided j = the bin number. For cooling season
season when the outdoor temperature fell calculations, j ranges from 1 to 8.
during periods of the space cooling season
within the range represented by bin Additionally, for sections 4.1.2, 4.1.3, and
when the outdoor temperature fell within the
range represented by bin temperature Tj to temperature Tj to the total number of hours 4.1.4, use a building cooling load, BL(Tj).
ER11OC05.050</MATH>
the total number of hours in the cooling in the cooling season (N), W. When referenced, evaluate BL(Tj) for cooling
season (N), Btu/h. using,
k =2
(T − 65 ) ⋅ Q˙ (95)
ER11OC05.049</MATH>
( )
BL T j =
j
95 − 65
c
.
11
( 4.1- 2)
where, speed compressor that was tested with a the energy efficiency ratio determined from
ER11OC05.047</MATH>
Q̇ck=2(95) = the space cooling capacity fixed-speed indoor fan installed, a constant- the B Test described in sections 3.2.1, 3.1.4.1,
determined from the A2 Test and air-volume-rate indoor fan installed, or with and 3.3, Btu/h per watt.
calculated as specified in section 3.3, no indoor fan installed. a. Evaluate the PLF(0.5) = 1 ¥ 0.5 · CDc, the part-load
Btu/h. seasonal energy efficiency ratio, expressed in performance factor evaluated at a cooling
1.1 = sizing factor, dimensionless. units of Btu/watt-hour, using: load factor of 0.5, dimensionless.
ER11OC05.046</MATH>
The temperatures 95 °F and 65 °F in the SEER = PLF(0.5) · EERB b. Refer to section 3.3 regarding the
building load equation represent the selected where, definition and calculation of Q̇c(82) and
outdoor design temperature and the zero-load Ėc(82). If the optional tests described in
base temperature, respectively. Q˙ (82) section 3.2.1 are not conducted, set the
4.1.1 SEER calculations for an air EER B = c
, cooling mode cyclic degradation coefficient,
E˙ (82)
ER11OC05.045</MATH>
conditioner or heat pump having a single- c CDc, to the default value specified in section
3.5.3. If these optional tests are conducted, speed compressor and a variable-speed rate or the indoor fan speed varies over the
set CDc to the lower of: variable-air-volume-rate indoor fan. outdoor temperature range of 67 °F to 102 °F.
1. The value calculated as per section 3.5.3; 4.1.2.1 Units covered by section 3.2.2.1 Calculate SEER using Equation 4.1–1.
or where indoor fan capacity modulation Evaluate the quantity qc(Tj)/N in Equation
2. The section 3.5.3 default value of 0.25. correlates with the outdoor dry bulb 4.1–1 using,
4.1.2 SEER calculations for an air temperature. The manufacturer must provide
conditioner or heat pump having a single- information on how the indoor air volume
( ) = X T ⋅ Q˙ T ⋅
q c Tj nj
N
( ) ( ) j c j
N
(4.1.2 -1)
where, whichever is less; the cooling mode load temperature fell within the range represented
factor for temperature bin j, dimensionless. by bin temperature Tj to the total number of
BL( Tj ) Q˙ c ( Tj ) Q̇c(Tj) = the space cooling capacity of the test hours in the cooling season, dimensionless.
( )
X Tj =  or  ;
unit when operating at outdoor temperature,
Tj, Btu/h.
a. For the space cooling season, assign
 
1 nj/N as specified in Table 16. Use Equation
nj/N = fractional bin hours for the cooling 4.1–2 to calculate the building load, BL(Tj).
season; the ratio of the number of hours Evaluate Q̇c(Tj) using,
during the cooling season when the outdoor
( )
˙ k =2 T − Q
˙ k =1 T ( )⋅
[FP (T ) − FP ]
Q
c ( )
˙ T =Q
Q j
˙ k =1 T +
c j ( ) c j
FPck = 2
c
−
j
FPck =1
c j
k =1
c (4.1.2-2)
where,
˙ k =1 ˙ k =1
( ) ˙ k =1 (82) + Q c (95) − Q c (82) ⋅ T − 82 ,
˙ k =1 T = Q
Q ( )
c j c j
95 − 82
the space cooling capacity of the test unit at

outdoor temperature Tj if operated at the
Cooling Minimum Air Volume Rate, Btu/h.
ER11OC05.060</MATH>
˙ k =2 ˙ k =2
( ) ˙ k = 2 (82) + Q c (95) − Q c (82) ⋅ T − 82 ,
˙ k =2 T = Q
Q ( )
c j c j
95 − 82
ER11OC05.059</MATH>
the space cooling capacity of the test unit at the fan speed used during the required A2 volume rates rather than fan speeds. Refer to
outdoor temperature Tj if operated at the and B2 Tests, and FPc(Tj) denotes the fan sections 3.2.2.1, 3.1.4 to 3.1.4.2, and 3.3
Cooling Certified Air Volume Rate, Btu/h. speed used by the unit when the outdoor regarding the definitions and calculations of
b. For units where indoor fan speed is the temperature equals Tj. For units where Q̇ck=1(82), Q̇ck=1(95),Q̇c k=2(82), and Q̇ck=2(95).
ER11OC05.058</MATH>
primary control variable, FPck=1 denotes the indoor air volume rate is the primary control
fan speed used during the required A1 and variable, the three FPc’s are similarly defined Calculate ec(Tj)/N in Equation 4.1–1 using,
B1 Tests (see section 3.2.2.1), FPck=2 denotes only now being expressed in terms of air
( ) = X(T ) ⋅ E˙ (T ) ⋅
e c Tj j c j nj
( 4.1.2-3) ER11OC05.057</MATH>
N PLF j N
where, c. The quantities X(Tj) and nj /N are the 3.5.3. If these optional tests are conducted,
ER11OC05.056</MATH>
PLFj = 1 ¥ CDc · [1 ¥ X(Tj)], the part load same quantities as used in Equation 4.1.2–1. set CDc to the lower of:
factor, dimensionless. If the optional tests described in section 1. The value calculated as per section 3.5.3;
Ėc(Tj) = the electrical power consumption of 3.2.2.1 and Table 4 are not conducted, set the or
the test unit when operating at outdoor cooling mode cyclic degradation coefficient, 2.The section 3.5.3 default value of 0.25.
temperature Tj, W. CDc, to the default value specified in section d. Evaluate Ėc(Tj) using,
ER11OC05.053</MATH>
( )
E˙ ck = 2 T j − E˙ ck =1 T j ( )⋅
( ) ( )
E˙ c T j = E˙ ck =1 T j +
FPck = 2 − FPck =1
[FP (T ) − FP ]
c j
k =1
c ( 4.1.2-4)
ER11OC05.052</MATH>
where
E˙ k =1 (95) − E˙ ck =1 (82)
( )
E˙ ck =1 Tj = E˙ ck =1 (82) + c
95 − 82
⋅ Tj − 82 , ( )
the electrical power consumption of the test
unit at outdoor temperature Tj if operated at
the Cooling Minimum Air Volume Rate, W.
E˙ k = 2 (95) − E˙ ck = 2 (82)
( )
E˙ ck = 2 Tj = E˙ ck = 2 (82) + c
95 − 82
⋅ Tj − 82 , ( )
the electrical power consumption of the test regarding the definitions and calculations of 4.1.3 SEER calculations for an air
unit at outdoor temperature Tj if operated at Ėck=1(82), Ėck=1(95), Ėck=2(82), and Ėck=2(95). conditioner or heat pump having a two-
the Cooling Certified Air Volume Rate, W. 4.1.2.2 Units covered by section 3.2.2.2 capacity compressor. Calculate SEER using
e. The parameters FPck=1, and FPck=2, and where indoor fan capacity modulation is Equation 4.1–1. Evaluate the space cooling
FPc(Tj) are the same quantities that are used used to adjust the sensible to total cooling capacity, Q̇ck=1(Tj), and electrical power
consumption, Ėck=1(Tj), of the test unit when
when evaluating Equation 4.1.2–2. Refer to capacity ratio. Calculate SEER as specified in
operating at low compressor capacity and
sections 3.2.2.1, 3.1.4 to 3.1.4.2, and 3.3 section 4.1.1.
outdoor temperature Tj using,
˙ k =1 ˙ k =1
( ) ˙ k =1 (82) + Q c (95) − Q c (82) ⋅ T − 82
˙ k =1 T = Q
Q ( ) ( 4.1.3-1)
c j c j
95 − 82
E˙ k =1 (95) − E˙ ck =1 (82)
( )
E˙ ck =1 T j = E˙ ck =1 (82) + c
95 − 82
⋅ T j − 82 ( ) ( 4.1.3-2)
ER11OC05.068</MATH>
where Q̇ck=1(95) and Ėck=1(95) are determined operation at outdoor temperatures less than Evaluate the space cooling capacity, Q̇ck=2(Tj),
from the A1 Test, Q̇ck=1(82) and Ėck=1(82) are 95 °F (but greater than 82 °F), use Equations and electrical power consumption, Ėck=2(Tj),
determined from the B1 Test, and all are 4.1.4–1 and 4.1.4–2 rather than Equations of the test unit when operating at high
ER11OC05.067</MATH>
calculated as specified in section 3.3. For 4.1.3–1 and 4.1.3–2 for estimating compressor capacity and outdoor
two-capacity units that lock out low capacity performance at low compressor capacity. temperature Tj using,
˙ k = 2 (82) + Q c (95) − Q c (82) ⋅ T − 82

˙ k =2 ˙ k =2
( )
˙ k =2 T = Q ( )
ER11OC05.066</MATH>
Q c j c j ( 4.1.3-3)
95 − 82
E˙ k = 2 (95) − E˙ ck = 2 (82)
( )
E˙ ck = 2 Tj = E˙ ck = 2 (82) + c (
⋅ Tj − 82 ) ( 4.1.3-4)
ER11OC05.065</MATH>
95 − 82
where Q̇ck=2(95) and Ėck=2(95) are determined 4.1.3.1 Steady-state space cooling nj
from the A2 Test, Q̇ck=2(82), and Ėck=2(82), are capacity at low compressor capacity is =
ER11OC05.064</MATH>
N
determined from the B2 Test, and all are greater than or equal to the building cooling
calculated as specified in section 3.3. load at temperature Tj, Q̇ck=1(Tj) ≥ BL(Tj). fractional bin hours for the cooling season;
The calculation of Equation 4.1–1 the ratio of the number of hours during the
quantities qc(Tj)/N and ec(Tj)/N differs ( )=X
q c Tj
cooling season when the outdoor temperature
(T ) ⋅ Q˙ (T ) ⋅ N
k =1 k =1 nj fell within the range represented by bin
depending on whether the test unit would j c j
ER11OC05.063</MATH>
N temperature Tj to the total number of hours

operate at low capacity (section 4.1.3.1),
( )=X (T ) ⋅ E˙ (T ) ⋅ n
k =1 k =1 in the cooling season, dimensionless.
cycle between low and high capacity (section e c Tj j c j j Obtain the fractional bin hours for the
4.1.3.2), or operate at high capacity (sections
N PLFj N cooling season, nj/N, from Table 16. Use
4.1.3.3 and 4.1.3.4) in responding to the Equations 4.1.3–1 and 4.1.3–2, respectively,
building load. For units that lock out low where, to evaluate Q̇ck=1(Tj) and Ėck=1(Tj). If the
ER11OC05.062</MATH>
capacity operation at higher outdoor Xk=1(Tj) = BL(Tj)/Q̇ck=1(Tj), the cooling mode optional tests described in section 3.2.3 and
temperatures, the manufacturer must supply low capacity load factor for temperature Table 5 are not conducted, set the cooling
information regarding this temperature so bin j, dimensionless. mode cyclic degradation coefficient, CDc, to
that the appropriate equations are used. Use PLFj = 1 ¥ CDc · [1 ¥ Xk=1(Tj)], the part load the default value specified in section 3.5.3.
Equation 4.1–2 to calculate the building load, factor, dimensionless. If these optional tests are conducted, set CDc
ER11OC05.061</MATH>
BL(Tj), for each temperature bin. to the lower of:
a. The value calculated according to b. The section 3.5.3 default value of 0.25.
section 3.5.3; or
TABLE 16.—DISTRIBUTION OF FRACTIONAL HOURS WITHIN COOLING SEASON TEMPERATURE BINS

Representative
Bin temperature Fraction of of total temperature
Bin number, j temperature for
range °F bin hours, nj/N
bin °F
1 ............................................................................................................. 65–69 67 0.214

2 ............................................................................................................. 70–74 72 0.231
3 ............................................................................................................. 75–79 77 0.216
4 ............................................................................................................. 80–84 82 0.161
5 ............................................................................................................. 85–89 87 0.104
6 ............................................................................................................. 90–94 92 0.052
7 ............................................................................................................. 95–99 97 0.018
8 ............................................................................................................. 100–104 102 0.004
4.1.3.2 Unit alternates between high (k=2) the building cooling load at temperature Tj,
and low (k=1) compressor capacity to satisfy Q̇ck=1(Tj) < BL(Tj) < Q̇ck=2(Tj).
( )=
[X (T ) ⋅ Q˙ (T ) + X (T ) ⋅ Q˙ (T )] ⋅ N
q c Tj k =1 k =1 n
k =2 k =2 j
j c j j c j
N
( )=
[X (T ) ⋅ E˙ (T ) + X (T ) ⋅ E˙ (T )] ⋅ N
e c Tj k =1 k =1 n
k =2 k =2 j
j c j j c j
N
where,
( )=X
q c Tj
4.1.3.4 Unit must operate continuously at
Q ( )
˙ k = 2 T − BL T ( ) N
k =2
( )
Tj ⋅ Q c j ( )
˙ k =2 T ⋅ n j
N
high (k=2) compressor capacity at
temperature Tj, BL(Tj) ≥ Q̇ck=2(Tj).
X k =1
( ) c
Tj = k = 2
j j
,
˙
Q ( )
T −Q˙ k =1
T ( ) ( )=X
e c Tj k =2
( ) ˙ k =2
Tj ⋅ E c Tj n j ( ) ( ) = Q˙
q c Tj
(T ) ⋅ N
c j c j nj
⋅ k =2
the cooling mode, low capacity load factor N PLFj N c j
for temperature bin j, dimensionless. N
Xk=2(Tj) = 1 ¥ Xk=1(Tj), the cooling mode, where,
( ) = E˙
e c Tj
(T ) ⋅ N ⋅
k =2 nj
high capacity load factor for temperature Xk=2(Tj) = BL(Tj)/Q̇ck=2(Tj), the cooling mode
c j
bin j, dimensionless. high capacity load factor for temperature N
Obtain the fractional bin hours for the bin j, dimensionless. Obtain the fractional bin hours for the
cooling season, nj/N, from Table 16. Use PLFj = 1 ¥ CDc · [1 ¥ Xk=2(Tj)], the part load cooling season, nj/N, from Table 16. Use
Equations 4.1.3–1 and 4.1.3–2, respectively, factor, dimensionless. Equations 4.1.3–3 and 4.1.3–4, respectively,
to evaluate Q̇ck=1(Tj) and Ėck=1(Tj). Use
Equations 4.1.3–3 and 4.1.3–4, respectively, Obtain the fractional bin hours for the to evaluate Q̇ck=2(Tj) and Ėck=2(Tj).
ER11OC05.077</MATH>
to evaluate Q̇ck=2(Tj) and Ėck=2(Tj). cooling season, nj/N, from Table 16. Use 4.1.4 SEER calculations for an air
4.1.3.3 Unit only operates at high (k=2) Equations 4.1.3–3 and 4.1.3–4, respectively, conditioner or heat pump having a variable-
compressor capacity at temperature Tj and its to evaluate Q̇ck=2(Tj) and Ėck=2(Tj). When speed compressor. Calculate SEER using
capacity is greater than the building cooling evaluating the above equation for part load Equation 4.1–1. Evaluate the space cooling
load, BL(Tj) < Q̇ck=2(Tj). This section applies factor at high capacity, use the same value of capacity, Q̇ck=1(Tj), and electrical power
consumption, Ėck=1(Tj), of the test unit when
ER11OC05.076</MATH>
to units that lock out low compressor CDc as used in the section 4.1.3.1
capacity operation at higher outdoor operating at minimum compressor speed and
calculations.
temperatures. outdoor temperature Tj. Use,
˙ k =1 (67) + Q c (82) − Q c (67) ⋅ T − 67

˙ k =1 ˙ k =1
c ( )
˙ k =1 T = Q
Q j c
82 − 67
j ( ) ( 4.1.4 -1) ER11OC05.074</MATH>
E˙ k =1 (82) − E˙ ck =1 (67)
( )
E˙ ck =1 Tj = E˙ ck =1 (67) + c ⋅ Tj − 67 ( )
ER11OC05.072</MATH>
( 4.1.4 -2)
82 − 67
where Q̇ck=1(82) and Ėck=1(82) are determined operating at maximum compressor speed and Calculate the space cooling capacity,
from the B1 Test, Q̇ck=1(67) and Ėck=1(67) are outdoor temperature Tj. Use Equations 4.1.3– Q̇ck=v(Tj), and electrical power consumption,
ER11OC05.070</MATH>
determined from the F1 Test, and all four 3 and 4.1.3–4, respectively, where Q̇ck=2(95) Ėck=v(Tj), of the test unit when operating at
quantities are calculated as specified in and Ėck=2(95) are determined from the A2 outdoor temperature Tj and the intermediate
section 3.3. Evaluate the space cooling Test, Q̇ck=2(82) and Ėck=2(82) are determined
compressor speed used during the section
capacity, Q̇ck=2(Tj), and electrical power from the B2 Test, and all four quantities are
consumption, Ėck=2(Tj), of the test unit when calculated as specified in section 3.3. 3.2.4 (and Table 6) EV Test using,
ER11OC05.069</MATH>
c ( )
j
˙ k = v (87) + M ⋅ T − 87
˙ k=v T = Q
Q c Q j ( ) ( 4.1.4 -3)
( ) (
E˙ ck = v Tj = E˙ ck = v (87) + M E ⋅ Tj − 87 ) ( 4.1.4 - 4)
where Q̇ck=v(87) and Ėck=v(87) are determined in section 3.3. Approximate the slopes of the and electrical power input curves, MQ and
from the EV Test and calculated as specified k = v intermediate speed cooling capacity ME, as follows:
Q ˙ k =1 (82) − Q
˙ k =1 (67)   ˙ k = 2 (95) − Q
˙ k = 2 (82) 
MQ =  c
82 − 67
c
( )
⋅ 1 − N Q  + N Q ⋅ c
Q
95 − 82
c

   
 E˙ (82) − E˙ c (67)
k =1 k = 1   E˙ (95) − Ė c (82) 
k = 2 k = 2
ME =  c ⋅ (1 − N E ) + N E ⋅ c 
 82 − 67   95 − 82 
where, where,
( ) = Q˙
q c Tj
(T ) ⋅ N
k=i nj
Xk=1(Tj) = BL(Tj) / Q̇ck=1(Tj), the cooling mode
˙ k = v (87) − Q
Q ˙ k =1 (87) minimum speed load factor for N
c j
N Q = ˙ ck = 2 c
˙ k =1 (87) , and
Q c (87) − Q temperature bin j, dimensionless. ( ) = E˙
e c Tj
(T ) ⋅ N
c k=i nj
PLFj = 1 ¥ CDc · [1 ¥ Xk=1(Tj)], the part load c j
E˙ ck = v (87) − E˙ ck =1 (87) factor, dimensionless. N
NE = ⋅ nj/N = fractional bin hours for the cooling where,
E˙ ck = 2 (87) − E˙ ck =1 (87) season; the ratio of the number of hours Q̇ck=i(Tj) = BL(Tj), the space cooling capacity
ER11OC05.088</MATH>
Calculating Equation 4.1–1 quantities during the cooling season when the delivered by the unit in matching the
outdoor temperature fell within the building load at temperature Tj, Btu/h.
( ) and e (T )
q c Tj c j
range represented by bin temperature Tj
to the total number of hours in the
The matching occurs with the unit
operating at compressor speed k = i.
N N cooling season, dimensionless.
˙ k=i T ( ) ,
ER11OC05.086</MATH>
differs depending upon whether the test unit Obtain the fractional bin hours for the Q
would operate at minimum speed (section ( )
E˙ ck = i Tj =
c j
4.1.4.1), operate at an intermediate speed

(section 4.1.4.2), or operate at maximum
cooling season, nj/N, from Table 16. Use
Equations 4.1.4–1 and 4.1.4–2, respectively, ( )
EER k = i Tj
to evaluate Q̇ck=1(Tj) and Ėck=1(Tj). If the the electrical power input required by the
speed (section 4.1.4.3) in responding to the
optional tests described in section 3.2.4 and test unit when operating at a compressor
building load. Use Equation 4.1–2 to
ER11OC05.085</MATH>
calculate the building load, BL(Tj), for each Table 6 are not conducted, set the cooling speed of k = i and temperature Tj, W.
temperature bin. mode cyclic degradation coefficient, CDc, to EER k=i(Tj) = the steady-state energy efficiency
4.1.4.1 Steady-state space cooling the default value specified in section 3.5.3. ratio of the test unit when operating at
capacity when operating at minimum If these optional tests are conducted, set CDc a compressor speed of k = i and
compressor speed is greater than or equal to to the lower of: temperature Tj, Btu/h per W.
the building cooling load at temperature Tj,
ER11OC05.083</MATH>
a. The value calculated according to Obtain the fractional bin hours for the
Q̇ck=1(Tj) ≥ BL(Tj). section 3.5.3; or cooling season, nj/N, from Table 16. For each
b. The section 3.5.3 default value of 0.25.
( )=X
q c Tj
temperature bin where the unit operates at an
(T ) ⋅ Q˙ (T ) ⋅ N
k =1 k =1 nj 4.1.4.2 Unit operates at an intermediate intermediate compressor speed, determine
j c j compressor speed (k=i) in order to match the the energy efficiency ratio EER k=i(Tj) using,
N
ER11OC05.082</MATH>
building cooling load at temperature EER k=i(Tj) = A + B · Tj + C · Tj2.
( )=X
e c Tj k =1
(T ) ⋅ E˙ (T ) ⋅ n
j
k =1
c j j
Tj,Q̇ck=1(Tj) < BL(Tj) < Q̇ck=2(Tj).
For each unit, determine the coefficients A,
B, and C by conducting the following
N PLFJ N calculations once:
ER11OC05.081</MATH>
T22 − T12
D=
Tv2 − T12
B=
[ ]
EER k =1 (T1 ) − EER k = 2 (T2 ) − D ⋅ EER k =1 (T1 ) − EER k = v (Tv )
ER11OC05.080</MATH>
T1 − T2 − D ⋅ (T1 − Tv )
EER k =1 (T1 ) − EER k = 2 (T2 ) − B ⋅ (T1 − T2 )
C=
T12 − T22
ER11OC05.079</MATH>
A = EER k = 2 (T2 ) − B ⋅ T2 − C ⋅ T22
where, Tl = the outdoor temperature at which the compressor speed, provides a space
unit, when operating at minimum cooling capacity that is equal to the
ER11OC05.078</MATH>
building load (Q̇ck=1(T1) = BL(T1)), °F. cooling capacity that is equal to the cooling capacity that is equal to the
Determine T1 by equating Equations building load (Q̇ck=v (Tv) = BL(Tv)), °F. building load (Q̇ck=2 (T2) = BL(T2)), °F.
4.1.4–1 and 4.1–2 and solving for Determine Tv by equating Equations Determine T2 by equating Equations
outdoor temperature. 4.1.4–3 and 4.1–2 and solving for 4.1.3–3 and 4.1–2 and solving for
Tv = the outdoor temperature at which the outdoor temperature. outdoor temperature.
unit, when operating at the intermediate T2 = the outdoor temperature at which the
compressor speed used during the unit, when operating at maximum
section 3.2.4 EV Test, provides a space compressor speed, provides a space
EER k =1 (T1 ) =
Q c 1 [
˙ k =1 (T ) Eqn. 4.1.4-1, substituting T for T
1 j
, Btu/ h per W.
]
c 1 [
˙E k =1 (T ) Eqn. 4.1.4-2, substituting T for T
1 j ]
EER k = v (Tv ) =
Q c v [
˙ k = v (T ) Eqn. 4.1.4-3, substituting T for T
v j ]
, Btu/ h per W.
c v [
˙E k = v (T ) Eqn. 4.1.4-4, substituting T for T
v j ]
˙ k =2
Q (T ) [Eqn. 4.1.3-3, substituting T for T ]
(T2 ) = ˙ k = 2
k =2 c 2 2 j
EER , Btu/ h per W.
E c (T ) [Eqn. 4.1.3-4, substituting T for T ]
2 2 j
4.1.4.3 Unit must operate continuously at as specified in section 4.1.3.4 with the in 10 CFR 430.24(m), Subpart B, HSPF must
maximum (k=2) compressor speed at understanding that Q̇ck=2(Tj) and Ėck=2(Tj) be calculated as follows: Six generalized
temperature Tj, BL(Tj) ≥ Q̇ck=2(Tj). Evaluate correspond to maximum compressor speed climatic regions are depicted in Figure 2 and
the Equation 4.1–1 quantities operation and are derived from the results of otherwise defined in Table 17. For each of
the tests specified in section 3.2.4. these regions and for each applicable
( ) and e (T )
q c Tj c j
4.2 Heating Seasonal Performance Factor
(HSPF) Calculations. Unless an approved
standardized design heating requirement,
evaluate the heating seasonal performance
N N alternative rating method is used, as set forth factor using,
J J
nj 
∑ n j ⋅ BL Tj ( ) ∑  N ⋅ BL(Tj )
 
HSPF =
j
⋅ Fdef =
j
⋅ Fdef (4.2-1)
J
∑ e h (Tj ) + ∑ RH(Tj )
J
J ( )+
e h Tj J ( )
RH Tj
j j
∑ N
∑ N
j j
where, space heating is modeled as being used to temperature Tj to the total number of hours
eh(Tj)/N= meet that portion of the building load that in the heating season, dimensionless. Obtain
the heat pump does not meet because of nj/N values from Table 17.
The ratio of the electrical energy consumed insufficient capacity or because the heat
by the heat pump during periods of the space j = the bin number, dimensionless.
pump automatically turns off at the lowest
heating season when the outdoor temperature outdoor temperatures. For heat pumps J = for each generalized climatic region, the
fell within the range represented by bin having a heat comfort controller, all or part total number of temperature bins,
temperature Tj to the total number of hours of the electrical energy used by resistive dimensionless. Referring to Table 17, J is
in the heating season (N), W. For heat pumps heaters at a particular bin temperature may the highest bin number (j) having a
having a heat comfort controller, this ratio be reflected in eh(Tj)/N (see 4.2.5). nonzero entry for the fractional bin hours
may also include electrical energy used by Tj = the outdoor bin temperature, °F. Outdoor for the generalized climatic region of
resistive elements to maintain a minimum air temperatures are ‘‘binned’’ such that interest.
delivery temperature (see 4.2.5). calculations are only performed based Fdef = the demand defrost credit described in
RH(Tj)/N= one temperature within the bin. Bins of section 3.9.2, dimensionless.
The ratio of the electrical energy used for 5 °F are used. BL(Tj) = the building space conditioning load
resistive space heating during periods when nj/N= corresponding to an outdoor temperature
the outdoor temperature fell within the range Fractional bin hours for the heating season; of Tj; the heating season building load
represented by bin temperature Tj to the total the ratio of the number of hours during the also depends on the generalized climatic
number of hours in the heating season (N), W. heating season when the outdoor temperature region’s outdoor design temperature and
Except as noted in section 4.2.5, resistive fell within the range represented by bin the design heating requirement, Btu/h.
ER11OC05.091</MATH>
TABLE 17.—GENERALIZED CLIMATIC REGION INFORMATION
Region Number ........................................................................................ I II III IV V VI

Heating Load Hours, HLH ....................................................................... 750 1250 1750 2250 2750 *2750
Outdoor Design Temperature, TOD .......................................................... 37 27 17 5 ¥10 30
ER11OC05.090</MATH>
j Tj (°F) ............................................................................................. Fractional Bin Hours, nj/N
1 62 .................................................................................................. .291 .215 .153 .132 .106 .113

2 57 .................................................................................................. .239 .189 .142 .111 .092 .206
ER11OC05.089</MATH>
3 52 .................................................................................................. .194 .163 .138 .103 .086 .215
TABLE 17.—GENERALIZED CLIMATIC REGION INFORMATION—Continued

4 47 .................................................................................................. .129 .143 .137 .093 .076 .204
5 42 .................................................................................................. .081 .112 .135 .100 .078 .141
6 37 .................................................................................................. .041 .088 .118 .109 .087 .076
7 32 .................................................................................................. .019 .056 .092 .126 .102 .034
8 27 .................................................................................................. .005 .024 .047 .087 .094 .008
9 22 .................................................................................................. .001 .008 .021 .055 .074 .003
10 17 .................................................................................................. 0 .002 .009 .036 .055 0
11 12 .................................................................................................. 0 0 .005 .026 .047 0
12 7 .................................................................................................... 0 0 .002 .013 .038 0
13 2 .................................................................................................... 0 0 .001 .006 .029 0
14 ¥3 ................................................................................................ 0 0 0 .002 .018 0
15 ¥8 ................................................................................................ 0 0 0 .001 .010 0
16 ¥13 .............................................................................................. 0 0 0 0 .005 0
17 ¥18 .............................................................................................. 0 0 0 0 .002 0
18 ¥23 .............................................................................................. 0 0 0 0 .001 0
* Pacific Coast Region.
Evaluate the building heating load using
(65 − T ) ⋅ C ⋅ DHR
( )
BL Tj =
65 − TOD
j
( 4.2-2)
where, C = 0.77, a correction factor which tends to DHR = the design heating requirement (see
TOD = the outdoor design temperature, °F. An improve the agreement between Definition 1.22), Btu/h.
outdoor design temperature is specified calculated and measured building loads, Calculate the minimum and maximum
for each generalized climatic region in dimensionless. design heating requirements for each
Table 17. generalized climatic region as follows:
˙ k  65 − TOD  
Q h ( 47) ⋅  60  , for Regions I, II, III, IV, & VI 
    Rounded to the nearest
DHR min =  standardized DHR
˙ k  given in Table 18.
Q h ( 47), for Region V 
 
and
 ˙k  65 − TOD  
2 ⋅ Q h ( 47) ⋅  60  , for Regions I, II, III, IV, & VI 
    Rounded to the nearest
DHR max =  standardized DHR
 ˙  given in Table 18.
2.2 ⋅ Q h ( 47),
k
for Region V 
 
where Q̇hk(47) is expressed in units of Btu/ space heating capacity determined from the heat pump condenser. For HSPF calculations
h and otherwise defined as follows: H11 Test. for all heat pumps, see either section 4.2.1,
ER11OC05.098</MATH>
1. For a single-speed heat pump tested as If the optional H1N Test is conducted on 4.2.2, 4.2.3, or 4.2.4, whichever applies.
a variable-speed heat pump, the For heat pumps with heat comfort
per section 3.6.1, Q̇hk(47) = Q̇h(47), the space
manufacturer has the option of defining controllers (see Definition 1.28), HSPF also
heating capacity determined from the H1
Q̇kh(47) as specified above in item 2 or as
Test. accounts for resistive heating contributed
Q̇kh(47)=Q̇k=Nh(47), the space heating capacity
2. For a variable-speed heat pump, a when operating above the heat-pump-plus-
determined from the H1N Test.
ER11OC05.097</MATH>
section 3.6.2 single-speed heat pump, or a For all heat pumps, HSPF accounts for the comfort-controller balance point as a result of
two-capacity heat pump not covered by item heating delivered and the energy consumed maintaining a minimum supply temperature.
3, Q̇nk(47) = Q̇nk=2(47), the space heating by auxiliary resistive elements when For heat pumps having a heat comfort
capacity determined from the H12 Test. operating below the balance point. This controller, see section 4.2.5 for the additional
3. For two-capacity, northern heat pumps condition occurs when the building load steps required for calculating the HSPF.
ER11OC05.096</MATH>
(see Definition 1.46), Q̇kh(47) = Q̇k=1h(47), the exceeds the space heating capacity of the
TABLE 18.—STANDARDIZED DESIGN TABLE 18.—STANDARDIZED DESIGN 4.2.1 Additional steps for calculating the
HEATING REQUIREMENTS (BTU/H) HEATING REQUIREMENTS (BTU/H)— HSPF of a heat pump having a single-speed
compressor that was tested with a fixed-
Continued
5,000 ..... 25,000 50,000 90,000 speed indoor fan installed, a constant-air-
10,000 ... 30,000 60,000 100,000 20,000 ... 40,000 80,000 130,000 volume-rate indoor fan installed, or with no
15,000 ... 35,000 70,000 110,000 indoor fan installed.
( ) = X(T ) ⋅ E˙ (T ) ⋅ δ(T ) ⋅ n
e h Tj j h j j j
( 4.2.1-1)
N PLFj N
RH Tj( ) = BL(T ) − [X(T ) ⋅ Q˙ (T ) ⋅ δ(T )] ⋅ n

j j h j j j
(4.2.1-2)
N Btu / h N
3.413
W
where, Q̇h(Tj) = the space heating capacity of the season, nj/N, from Table 17. If the optional
heat pump when operating at outdoor H1C Test described in section 3.6.1 is not
BL(TJ ) Q

˙ T 
h j

( ) temperature Tj, Btu/h.
Ėh(Tj) = the electrical power consumption of
conducted, set the heating mode cyclic
degradation coefficient, CDh, to the default
( )
X Tj =  or
1

the heat pump when operating at
outdoor temperature Tj, W.
value specified in section 3.8.1. If this
optional test is conducted, set ĊDh to the
  d(Tj) = the heat pump low temperature cut- lower of:
  out factor, dimensionless. a. The value calculated according to
whichever is less; the heating mode load PLFj = 1 ¥ ĊDh ·[1 ¥X(Tj)] the part load section 3.8.1 or
factor for temperature bin j, dimensionless. factor, dimensionless. b. The section 3.8.1 default value of 0.25.
Use Equation 4.2–2 to determine BL(Tj). Determine the low temperature cut-out
Obtain fractional bin hours for the heating factor using

 0, if Tj ≤ Toff or
Q˙ T
h j
<1
( )


3.413 ⋅ E˙ h Tj ( )
 ˙ T
Q ( )
( )
δ Tj = 1/ 2, if Toff < Tj ≤ Ton and
h j
≥1 ( 4.2.1-3)

˙
3.413 ⋅ E h Tj ( )

 1, if T > T and Q˙ T
h j
≥1
( )


j on
˙
3.413 ⋅ E h Tj ( )
ER11OC05.104</MATH>
where, (If no such temperature exists, Tj is on, if applicable, following an automatic
Toff = the outdoor temperature when the always greater than Toff and Ton). shut-off, °F.
compressor is automatically shut off, °F. Ton = the outdoor temperature when the Calculate Q̇h(Tj) and Ėh(Tj) using,
ER11OC05.103</MATH>
compressor is automatically turned back

Q˙ (17) + [Q˙ (47) − Q˙ (17)] ⋅ (T − 17) , if T ≥ 45 ° F or T ≤ 17 ° F
h h j
ER11OC05.102</MATH>
h j j
 47 -17

Q h ( )
˙ T =
j (4.2.1- 4)

˙ [ ˙ (35) − Q
Q h
˙ (17) ⋅ T − 17
h j ]( ) , if 17 ° F < T < 45 ° F
Q h (17) + j
ER11OC05.101</MATH>
35 -17

E˙ h (17) +
[
E˙ h ( 47) − E˙ h (17) ⋅ Tj − 17 ]( )
, if Tj ≥ 45 ° F or Tj ≤ 17 ° F
ER11OC05.100</MATH>
 47 -17
( )
E˙ h Tj = 
[
E˙ (35) − E˙ h (17) ⋅ Tj − 17 ]( ) ( 4.2.1 - 5)
E˙ (17) + h , if 17 ° F < Tj < 45 ° F
 h
35 -17

ER11OC05.099</MATH>
where Q̇h(47) and Ėh(47) are determined from air-volume-rate indoor fan. The manufacturer in Equation 4.2–1 as specified in section
the H1 Test and calculated as specified in must provide information about how the 4.2.1 with the exception of replacing
section 3.7; Q̇h(35) and Ėh(35) are determined indoor air volume rate or the indoor fan references to the H1C Test and section 3.6.1
from the H2 Test and calculated as specified speed varies over the outdoor temperature with the H1C1 Test and section 3.6.2. In
in section 3.9.1; and Q̇h(17) and Ėh(17) are range of 65 °F to ¥23 °F. Calculate the addition, evaluate the space heating capacity
determined from the H3 Test and calculated quantities
and electrical power consumption of the heat
as specified in section 3.10. pump Q̇h(Tj) and Ėh(Tj) using
4.2.2 Additional steps for calculating the
HSPF of a heat pump having a single-speed
( ) and RH(T )
e h Tj j
compressor and a variable-speed, variable- N N
( )
˙ k =2 T − Q
˙ k =1 T ( ) ⋅ FP
[ (T ) − FP ]
Q
h( )
˙ T =Q
Q j
˙ k =1 T +
h j ( ) h j
FPhk = 2
h j
− FPhk =1
h j
k =1
h ( 4.2.2-1)
( ) ( ) ⋅ FP
E˙ hk = 2 Tj − E˙ hk =1 Tj
( ) ( )
E˙ h Tj = E˙ hk =1 Tj +
FPhk = 2 − FPhk =1
[ (T ) − FP ]
h j
k =1
h ( 4.2.2-2)
where the space heating capacity and capacity (k=1) and high capacity (k=2) at
electrical power consumption at both low outdoor temperature Tj are determined using

Q ˙ k (17) + h
h
Q [
˙ k ( 47) − Q
˙ k (17) ⋅ T − 17
h j ]( )
, if Tj ≥ 45 ° F or Tj ≤ 17 ° F
 47 − 17
h j( )
˙k T =
Q ( 4.2.2- 3)

 Q ˙ k (17) + h
Q [
˙ k (35) − Q˙ k (17) ⋅ T − 17
h j ]( )
, if 17 ° F < Tj < 45 ° F
 h
35 − 17

E hk (17) +
[ ](
E˙ hk ( 47) − E˙ hk (17) ⋅ Tj − 17 )
, if Tj ≥ 45 ° F or Tj ≤ 17 ° F
 47 − 17
( )
E˙ hk Tj =  ( 4.2.2 - 4)

 E˙ k (17) + h ( )[ ](
E˙ k 35 − E˙ hk (17) ⋅ Tj − 17 )
, if 17 ° F < Tj < 45 ° F
 h
35 − 17
ER11OC05.110</MATH>
For units where indoor fan speed is the and Ėhk=1(35) as specified in section 3.6.2; differs depending upon whether the heat
primary control variable, FPhk=1 denotes the determine Q̇hk=2(35) and Ėhk=2(35) and from pump would operate at low capacity (section
fan speed used during the required H11 and the H22 Test and the calculation specified in 4.2.3.1), cycle between low and high capacity
H31 Tests (see Table 10), FPhk=2 denotes the section 3.9. Determine Q̇hk=1(17) and Ėhk=1(17
ER11OC05.109</MATH>
(Section 4.2.3.2), or operate at high capacity
fan speed used during the required H12, H22, from the H31 Test, and Q̇hk=2(17) and (sections 4.2.3.3 and 4.2.3.4) in responding to
and H32 Tests, and FPh(Tj) denotes the fan Ėhk=2(17) from the H32 Test. Calculate all four the building load. For heat pumps that lock
speed used by the unit when the outdoor quantities as specified in section 3.10. out low capacity operation at low outdoor
temperature equals Tj. For units where 4.2.3 Additional steps for calculating the temperatures, the manufacturer must supply
indoor air volume rate is the primary control HSPF of a heat pump having a two-capacity information regarding the cutoff
ER11OC05.108</MATH>
variable, the three FPh’s are similarly defined compressor. The calculation of the Equation
only now being expressed in terms of air temperature(s) so that the appropriate
4.2–1 quantities equations can be selected.
volume rates rather than fan speeds.
a. Evaluate the space heating capacity and
( ) and RH(T )
Determine Q̇hk=1(47) and Ėhk=1(47) from the
H11 Test, and Q̇hk=2(47) and Ėhk=2(47) from e h Tj j electrical power consumption of the heat
the H12 Test. Calculate all four quantities as pump when operating at low compressor
ER11OC05.107</MATH>
specified in section 3.7. Determine Q̇hk=1(35) N N capacity and outdoor temperature Tj using
ER11OC05.106</MATH>
ER11OC05.105</MATH>

 Q h ( 47) +
˙ k =1
Q h [
˙ k =1 (62) − Q ˙ k =1 ( 47) ⋅ T − 47
h j ](
, if Tj ≥ 40 ° F
)
 62 − 47
˙ k =1
Q ( )

 ˙ k =1
Tj = Q (17 ) +
Q [
˙ k =1 (35) − Q
h
˙ k =1 (17) ⋅ T − 17
h j ]( )
, if 17 ° F ≤ Tj < 40 ° F
h h
 35 − 17

 Q˙ k =1
(17) +
Q h [
˙ k =1 ( 47) − Q ˙ k =1 (17) ⋅ T − 17
h j ](
, if Tj < 17 ° F
)
h
 47 − 17

 E˙ hk =1 ( 47) +
[E˙ k =1
h (62) − E˙ hk =1 (47)] ⋅ (Tj − 47)
, if Tj ≥ 40 ° F
 62 − 47
E˙ hk =1 ( )

Tj = E˙ hk =1 (17) +
[ ](
E˙ hk =1 (35) − E˙ hk =1 (17) ⋅ Tj − 17 ) , if 17 °F ≤ T < 40 °F
j
 35 − 17
 ˙ k =1
 E h (17) +
[ ](
E˙ hk =1 ( 47) − E˙ hk =1 (17) ⋅ Tj − 17 ) , if T < 17 °F
j
 47 − 17
b. Evaluate the space heating capacity and Test. Calculate all six quantities as specified determine Q̇hk=1(17) and Ėhk=1(17) from the
electrical power consumption (Q̇hk=2(Tj) and in section 3.7. Determine Q̇hk=2(35) and H31 Test. Calculate the required 17 °F
Ėhk=2 (Tj)) of the heat pump when operating Ėhk=2(35) from the H22 Test and, if required quantities as specified in section 3.10.
at high compressor capacity and outdoor as described in section 3.6.3, determine 4.2.3.1 Steady-state space heating
temperature Tj by solving Equations 4.2.2–3 Q̇hk=1(35) and Ėhk=1(35) from the H21 Test.
capacity when operating at low compressor
and 4.2.2–4, respectively, for k=2. Determine Calculate the required 35 °F quantities as
Q̇hk=1(62) and Ėhk=1(62) from the H01 Test, specified in section 3.9. Determine Q̇hk=2(17) capacity is greater than or equal to the
Q̇hk=1(47) and Ėhk=1(47) from the H11 Test, and Ėhk=2(17) from the H32 Test and, if building heating load at temperature Tj,
and Q̇hk=2(47) and Ėhk=2(47) from the H12 required as described in section 3.6.3, Q̇hk=1(Tj) ≥ BL(Tj).
( ) = X (T ) ⋅ E˙ (T ) ⋅ δ' (T ) ⋅ n
e h Tj k =1
j
k =1
h j j j
( 4.2.3 -1)
N PLFj N
RH Tj ( ) = BL(T ) ⋅ [1 − δ' (T )] ⋅ n
j j j
( 4.2.3 - 2)
N Btu / h N
3.413
W
where, d′(Tj) = the low temperature cutoff factor, If this optional test is conducted, set CDh to
Xk=1(Tj) = BL(Tj) / Q̇hk=1(Tj), the heating mode dimensionless. the lower of:
low capacity load factor for temperature If the optional H0C1 Test described in a. The value calculated according to
ER11OC05.115</MATH>
section 3.8.1; or
bin j, dimensionless. section 3.6.3 is not conducted, set the heating
b. The section 3.8.1 default value of 0.25.
PLFj = 1 ¥ CDh · [ 1 ¥ Xk=1(Tj) ], the part mode cyclic degradation coefficient, CDh, to Determine the low temperature cut-out
load factor, dimensionless. the default value specified in section 3.8.1. factor using
 0, if Tj ≤ Toff ER11OC05.114</MATH>


1/ 2, if Toff < Tj ≤ Ton ( 4.2.3 - 3)
( )
δ' Tj = 
ER11OC05.113</MATH>

 1, if Tj > Ton


ER11OC05.112</MATH>
where Toff and Ton are defined in section (a) The heat pump locks out low capacity 4.2.3.2 Heat pump alternates between
4.2.1. Use the calculations given in section operation at low outdoor temperatures and high (k=2) and low (k=1) compressor
4.2.3.3, and not the above, if: (b) Tj is below this lockout threshold capacity to satisfy the building heating load
ER11OC05.111</MATH>
temperature.
at a temperature Tj, Q̇hk=1(Tj) < BL(Tj) < using Equation 4.2.3–2. Evaluate
Q̇hk=2(Tj).
Calculate
( )
e h Tj
RH Tj ( ) using
N
N
( )=
[X (T ) ⋅ E˙ (T ) + X (T ) ⋅ E˙ (T )] ⋅ δ' (T ) ⋅ N
e h Tj k =1 k =1 k =2 n k =2 j
j h j j h j j
N
where, RH Tj( ) When evaluating the above equation for

part load factor at high capacity, use the same
Q ( )
˙ k = 2 T − BL T ( ) N value of CDh as used in the section 4.2.3.1
( )
X k =1 Tj =
h j j calculations. Determine the low temperature
( ) ( )
using Equation 4.2.3–2. Evaluate
˙ k =2 ˙ k =1
Q T −Q T cut-out factor, d′(Tj), using Equation 4.2.3–3.
ER11OC05.126</MATH>
h j h j
Xk=2(Tj) = 1 ¥ Xk=1(Tj) the heating mode, ( )
e h Tj
4.2.3.4 Heat pump must operate
continuously at high (k=2) compressor
high capacity load factor for temperature bin N capacity at temperature Tj, BL(Tj) ≥ Q̇hk=2(Tj).
j, dimensionless.
( ) = E˙
Determine the low temperature cut-out using
e h Tj
(T ) ⋅ δ' ' (T ) ⋅ N
k =2 nj
factor, d′(Tj), using Equation 4.2.3–3.
ER11OC05.125</MATH>
4.2.3.3 Heat pump only operates at high ( )=
e h Tj ( ) ( ) ( )⋅
X k = 2 Tj ⋅ E˙ hk = 2 Tj ⋅ δ' Tj nj N
h j j
RH(T ) BL(T ) − [Q (T ) ⋅ δ' ' (T )] ⋅ n

(k=2) compressor capacity at temperature Tj k =2
N PLFj N ˙
and its capacity is greater than the building j j h j j j
heating load, BL(Tj) < Q̇hk=2(Tj). This section where,
=
N Btu/ h N
applies to units that lock out low compressor 3.413
ER11OC05.124</MATH>
capacity operation at low outdoor Xk=2(Tj)= BL(Tj)/Q̇hk=2(Tj). W
temperatures. Calculate PLFj = 1 ¥ CDḣ [ 1 ¥ Xk=2(Tj) ]. Where

0, if Tj ≤ Toff or
h ( )
˙ k=2 T
Q j
<1
ER11OC05.123</MATH>


( )
3.413 ⋅ E˙ hk = 2 Tj


˙ k=2 T
Q ( )
( )
δ' ' Tj = 1/ 2, if Toff < Tj ≤ Ton and
h j
≥1
 ( )
3.413 ⋅ E˙ hk = 2 Tj
ER11OC05.122</MATH>


1, if Tj > Ton and
˙ k=2 T
Q h ( )j
≥1
 ( )
3.413 ⋅ E˙ hk = 2 Tj
ER11OC05.121</MATH>
4.2.4 Additional steps for calculating the 4.2–1. Evaluate the space heating capacity, minimum compressor speed and outdoor
HSPF of a heat pump having a variable-speed Q̇hk=1(Tj), and electrical power consumption, temperature Tj using
compressor. Calculate HSPF using Equation Ėhk=1(Tj), of the heat pump when operating at
ER11OC05.120</MATH>
˙ k =1 ( 47) + Q h (62) − Q h ( 47) ⋅ T − 47
˙ k =1 ˙ k =1
h ( )
˙ k =1 T = Q
Q j h
62 − 47
j ( ) ( 4.2.4 -1)
ER11OC05.119</MATH>
E˙ k =1 (62) − E˙ hk =1 ( 47)
( )
E˙ hk =1 Tj = E˙ hk =1 ( 47) + h
62 − 47
(
⋅ Tj − 47 ) ( 4.2.4 -2)
ER11OC05.118</MATH>
where Q̇hk=1(62) and Ėhk=1(62) are determined Equations 4.2.2–3 and 4.2.2–4, respectively, Determine Q̇hk=2(17) and Ėhk=2(17) from the
from the H01 Test, Q̇hk=1(47) and Ėhk=1(47) are for k=2. Determine the Equation 4.2.2–3 and H32 Test and the calculations specified in
determined from the H11 Test, and all four 4.2.2–4 quantities Q̇hk=2(47) and Ėhk=2(47) section 3.10. Calculate the space heating
quantities are calculated as specified in from the H12 Test and the calculations capacity, Q̇hk=v(Tj), and electrical power
section 3.7. Evaluate the space heating specified in section 3.7. Determine Q̇hk=2(35) consumption, Ėhk=v(Tj), of the heat pump
capacity, Q̇hk=2(Tj), and electrical power and Ėhk=2(35) from the H22 Test and the
ER11OC05.117</MATH>
when operating at outdoor temperature Tj

consumption, Ėhk=2(Tj), of the heat pump calculations specified in section 3.9 or, if the
when operating at maximum compressor H22 Test is not conducted, by conducting the and the intermediate compressor speed used
speed and outdoor temperature Tj by solving calculations specified in section 3.6.4. during the section 3.6.4 H2V Test using
ER11OC05.116</MATH>
h ( )
j
˙ k = v (35) + M ⋅ T − 35
˙ k=v T = Q
Q h Q j ( ) ( 4.2.4 - 3)
( ) (
E˙ hk = v Tj = E˙ hk = v (35) + M E ⋅ Tj − 35 ) ( 4.2.4 - 4)
where Q̇hk=v(35) and Ėhk=v(35) are determined in section 3.9. Approximate the slopes of the electrical power input curves, MQ and ME, as
from the H2V Test and calculated as specified k=v intermediate speed heating capacity and follows:
Q ˙ k =1 (62) − Q ˙ k =1 ( 47) ˙ k = 2 (35) − Q

  NQ ⋅ Q ˙ k = 2 (17) 
MQ =  h h
(
⋅ 1 − NQ  +  )
h h

ER11OC05.138</MATH>
 62 − 47   35 − 17 
 E˙ k =1 (62) − E˙ hk =1 ( 47)   N ⋅ E˙ hk = 2 (35) − E˙ hk = 2 (17) 
ME =  h ⋅ (1 − N E ) +  E 
62 − 47 35 − 17
ER11OC05.137</MATH>
   
where, the building heating load at temperature Tj,

( ) = E˙
e h Tj nj
˙ k=v (35) ˙ k =1 (35)
Q̇hk=1(Tj ≥ BL(Tj). Evaluate the Equation 4.2– k =1
(T ) ⋅ δ (T ) ⋅
'
ER11OC05.136</MATH>
Q −Q 1 quantities
N
h j j
N
NQ = h h
, and
˙ k =2
Q h (35) ˙ k =1
−Q h (35) ( )
e h Tj RH T j ( ) where,
and
Q˙ k =i T ( )
N N
( )
E˙ hk = i Tj =
h j
ER11OC05.135</MATH>
E˙ k = v (35) − E˙ hk =1 (35)
( )
as specified in section 4.2.3.1. Except now Btu / h
N E = hk = 2 . use Equations 4.2.4–1 and 4.2.4–2 to evaluate 3.413 ⋅ COP k = i Tj
E˙ h (35) − E˙ k =1 (35)
h
Q̇hk=1(Tj) and Ėhk=1(Tj), respectively, and W
replace section 4.2.3.1 references to ‘‘low and d(Tj) is evaluated using Equation 4.2.3–
Use Equations 4.2.4–1 and 4.2.4–2, capacity’’ and section 3.6.3 with ‘‘minimum 3 while,
respectively, to calculate Q̇hk=1(35) and speed’’ and section 3.6.4. Also, the last
ER11OC05.134</MATH>
Q̇hk=i(Tj) = BL(Tj), the space heating capacity
Ėhk=1(35). sentence of section 4.2.3.1 does not apply.
delivered by the unit in matching the
The calculation of Equation 4.2–1 4.2.4.2 Heat pump operates at an
intermediate compressor speed (k=i) in order building load at temperature (Tj), Btu/h.
quantities
to match the building heating load at a The matching occurs with the heat pump
( ) ( ) temperature Tj, Q̇hk=1(Tj) < BL(Tj) < Q̇hk=2(Tj). operating at compressor speed k=i.
e h Tj RH T j COPk=i(Tj) = the steady-state coefficient of
ER11OC05.133</MATH>
Calculate
and performance of the heat pump when
N N
differs depending upon whether the heat ( )
RH T j operating at compressor speed k=i and
temperature Tj, dimensionless.
pump would operate at minimum speed
N For each temperature bin where the heat
(section 4.2.4.1), operate at an intermediate
using Equation 4.2.3–2 while evaluating pump operates at an intermediate compressor
ER11OC05.132</MATH>
speed (section 4.2.4.2), or operate at
speed, determine COPk=i(Tj) using,
maximum speed (section 4.2.4.3) in
responding to the building load.
4.2.4.1 Steady-state space heating
( )
e h Tj COPk=i(Tj) = A + B . Tj + C . Tj2.
For each heat pump, determine the
capacity when operating at minimum N coefficients A, B, and C by conducting the
compressor speed is greater than or equal to using, following calculations once:
ER11OC05.131</MATH>
T32 − T42
D= 2
Tvh − T42
ER11OC05.130</MATH>
B=
[
COP k = 2 (T4 ) − COP k =1 (T3 ) − D ⋅ COP k = 2 (T4 ) − COP k = v (Tvh ) ]
T4 − T3 − D ⋅ (T4 − Tvh )
ER11OC05.129</MATH>
where, compressor speed, provides a space Determine T3 by equating Equations

T3 = the outdoor temperature at which the heating capacity that is equal to the 4.2.4–1 and 4.2–2 and solving for:
heat pump, when operating at minimum building load (Q̇hk=1(T3) = BL(T3)), °F.
ER11OC05.128</MATH>
ER11OC05.127</MATH>
C=
( )
COP k = 2 T 4 − COP k =1 (T3 ) − B ⋅ (T4 − T3 )
T42 − T32
A = COP k = 2 (T4 ) − B ⋅ T4 − C ⋅ T42 .
outdoor temperature. equal to the building load (Q̇hk=v(Tvh) = compressor speed, provides a space
Tvh = the outdoor temperature at which the BL(Tvh)), °F. Determine Tvh by equating heating capacity that is equal to the
heat pump, when operating at the Equations 4.2.4–3 and 4.2–2 and solving building load (Q̇hk=2(T4) = BL(T4)), °F.
intermediate compressor speed used for outdoor temperature. Determine T4 by equating Equations
during the section 3.6.4 H2V Test, T4 = the outdoor temperature at which the 4.2.2–3 (k=2) and 4.2–2 and solving for
provides a space heating capacity that is heat pump, when operating at maximum outdoor temperature.
COP k =1
(T3 ) =
h 3 [
˙ k =1 (T ) Eqn. 4.2.4 -1, substituting T for T
Q 3 j ]
3.413
Btu/ h ˙ k =1
W
[
⋅ E h (T3 ) Eqn. 4.2.4 - 2, substituting T3 for Tj ]
COP k = v (Tvh ) =
h vh [
˙ k = v (T ) Eqn. 4.2.4 - 3, substituting T for T
Q vh j ]
3.413
Btu / h ˙ k = v
W
[
⋅ E h (Tvh ) Eqn. 4.2.4 - 4, substituting Tvh for Tj ]
COP k = 2 (T4 ) =
Q h 4 [
˙ k = 2 (T ) Eqn. 4.2.2 - 3, substituting T for T
4 j ]
3.413
Btu / h ˙ k = 2
W
[
⋅ E h (T4 ) Eqn. 4.2.2 - 4, substituting T4 for Tj ]
4.2.4.3 Heat pump must operate less because of a greater contribution from HSPF of a heat pump having a single-speed
continuously at maximum (k=2) compressor the resistive elements. With a conventional compressor that was tested with a fixed-
speed at temperature Tj, BL(Tj) ≥ Q̇hk=2(Tj). heat pump, resistive heating is only initiated speed indoor fan installed, a constant-air-
Evaluate the Equation 4.2–1 quantities if the heat pump condenser cannot meet the volume-rate indoor fan installed, or with no
building load (i.e., is delayed until a second indoor fan installed. Calculate the space
( ) and RH(T )
ER11OC05.145</MATH>
e h Tj stage call from the indoor thermostat). With heating capacity and electrical power of the
j
a heat comfort controller, resistive heating heat pump without the heat comfort
N N can occur even though the heat pump
controller being active as specified in section
as specified in section 4.2.3.4 with the condenser has adequate capacity to meet the
4.2.1 (Equations 4.2.1–4 and 4.2.1–5) for each
understanding that Q̇hk=2(Tj) and Ėhk=2(Tj) building load (i.e., both on during a first stage
call from the indoor thermostat). As a result, outdoor bin temperature, Tj, that is listed in
correspond to maximum compressor speed
ER11OC05.144</MATH>
the outdoor temperature where the heat Table 17. Denote these capacities and
operation and are derived from the results of
the specified section 3.6.4 tests. pump compressor no longer cycles (i.e., starts electrical powers by using the subscript ‘‘hp’’
4.2.5 Heat pumps having a heat comfort to run continuously), will be lower than if instead of ‘‘h.’’ Calculate the mass flow rate
controller. Heat pumps having heat comfort the heat pump did not have the heat comfort (expressed in pounds-mass of dry air per
controllers, when set to maintain a typical controller. hour) and the specific heat of the indoor air
(expressed in Btu/lbmda · °F) from the results
ER11OC05.143</MATH>
minimum air delivery temperature, will 4.2.5.1 Heat pump having a heat comfort
cause the heat pump condenser to operate controller: additional steps for calculating the of the H1 Test using:
˙ ˙
˙ ⋅ 0.075 1bm da ⋅ 60 min =
˙ da = V
m
V mx
⋅
60 min V
= mx ⋅
60 min
v′n ⋅ [1 + Wn ] ER11OC05.142</MATH>
s 3
ft hr hr vn hr
C p, da = 0.24 + 0.444 ⋅ Wn
Ô Ô
ER11OC05.141</MATH>
where Vs, Vmx, v′n (or vn), and Wn are defined each bin calculation, use the space heating Case 2. For outdoor bin temperatures
following Equation 3–1. For each outdoor bin capacity and electrical power from Case 1 or where To(Tj) > Tcc, determine Q̇h(Tj) and
temperature listed in Table 17, calculate the Case 2, whichever applies. Ėh(Tj) using,
nominal temperature of the air leaving the Case 1. For outdoor bin temperatures
heat pump condenser coil using, where To(Tj) is equal to or greater than TCC
(the maximum supply temperature
Q h( ) ( )
˙ T =Q
j
˙ T +Q
hp j
˙
CC Tj ( )
ER11OC05.140</MATH>
˙ T
Q ( ) determined according to section 3.1.9),
E˙ (T ) = E˙ (T ) + E˙ (T )
( )
To Tj = 70 ° F +
hp j
˙ da ⋅ C p, da
m
. determine Q̇h(Tj) and Ėh(Tj) as specified in
section 4.2.1 (i.e., Q̇h(Tj) = Q̇hp(Tj) and Ėhp(Tj) where,
h j hp j CC j
= Ėhp(Tj)). Note: Even though To(Tj) ≥ Tcc,

Evaluate eh(Tj/N), RH(Tj)/N, X(Tj), PLFj, resistive heating may be required; evaluate
ER11OC05.139</MATH>
and d(Tj) as specified in section 4.2.1. For Equation 4.2.1–2 for all bins.
˙
Q ( ) [
CC Tj = m da ⋅ C p, da ⋅ TCC − To Tj
˙ ( )] Note: Even though To(Tj) < Tcc, additional
resistive heating may be required; evaluate
controller being active as specified in section
4.2.2 (Equations 4.2.2–1 and 4.2.2–2) for each
Equation 4.2.1–2 for all bins. outdoor bin temperature, Tj, that is listed in
4.2.5.2 Heat pump having a heat comfort Table 17. Denote these capacities and
( )
controller: additional steps for calculating the electrical powers by using the subscript ‘‘hp’’
Q˙
CC Tj
( ) HSPF of a heat pump having a single-speed instead of ‘‘h.’’ Calculate the mass flow rate
E˙ CC Tj = compressor and a variable-speed, variable- (expressed in pounds-mass of dry air per
Btu
3.413 air-volume-rate indoor fan. Calculate the hour) and the specific heat of the indoor air
W⋅h space heating capacity and electrical power (expressed in Btu/lbmda · °F) from the results
of the heat pump without the heat comfort of the H12 Test using:
˙ ˙
˙ ⋅ 0.075 1bm da ⋅ 60 min =
˙ da = V
m
V mx
⋅
60 min V
= mx ⋅
60 min
v′n ⋅ [1 + Wn ]
s 3
ft hr hr vn hr
C p, da = 0.24 + 0.444 ⋅ Wn
Ô Ô
where VS, Vmx, v′n (or vn), and Wn are defined determined according to section 3.1.9), Note: Even though To(Tj) < Tcc, additional
following Equation 3–1. For each outdoor bin determine Q̇h(Tj) and Ėh(Tj) as specified in resistive heating may be required; evaluate
temperature listed in Table 17, calculate the section 4.2.2 (i.e. Q̇h(Tj) = Q̇hp(Tj) and Ėh(Tj) Equation
nominal temperature of the air leaving the = Ėhp(Tj)). Note: Even though To(Tj) ≥ TCC, 4.2.1–2 for all bins.
heat pump condenser coil using, resistive heating may be required; evaluate 4.2.5.3 Heat pumps having a heat comfort
Equation 4.2.1–2 for all bins. controller: additional steps for calculating the
˙
Q ( )
hp T j
HSPF of a heat pump having a two-capacity
( )
Case 2. For outdoor bin temperatures
To T j = 70 ºF + . where To(Tj) < TCC, determine Q̇h(Tj) and compressor. Calculate the space heating
˙ da ⋅ C p,da
m Ėh(Tj) using,
capacity and electrical power of the heat
pump without the heat comfort controller
Evaluate eh(Tj)/N , RH(Tj)/N, X(Tj), PLFj, Q̇h(Tj) = Q̇hp(Tj) + Q̇CC(Tj) being active as specified in section 4.2.3 for
and d(Tj) as specified in section 4.2.1 with Ėh(Tj) = Ėhp(Tj) + ĖCC(Tj) both high and low capacity and at each
the exception of replacing references to the outdoor bin temperature, Tj, that is listed in
H1C Test and section 3.6.1 with the H1C1 where,
Table 17. Denote these capacities and
Test and section 3.6.2. For each bin Q̇CC(Tj) = ṁda · Cp,da · [TCC ¥ To(Tj)] electrical powers by using the subscript ‘‘hp’’
calculation, use the space heating capacity instead of ‘‘h.’’ For the low capacity case,
and electrical power from Case 1 or Case 2, ˙
Q ( )
CC T j
calculate the mass flow rate (expressed in
( )
ER11OC05.153</MATH>
whichever applies. E˙ CC T j = . pounds-mass of dry air per hour) and the
Case 1. For outdoor bin temperatures Btu specific heat of the indoor air (expressed in
where To(Tj) is equal to or greater than TCC 3.413 Btu/lbmda · °F) from the results of the H11
W ⋅ h
(the maximum supply temperature Test using:
ER11OC05.152</MATH>
˙ ˙
k =1
˙ da
m ˙ ⋅ 0.075 1bm da ⋅ 60 min =
=V
V mx
⋅
60 min V
= mx
⋅
60 min
v ′n ⋅ [1 + Wn ]
s 3
ft hr hr vn hr
C kp,=da1 = 0.24 + 0.444 ⋅ Wn
ER11OC05.151</MATH>
Ô Ô
where Vs, Vmx, v′n (or vn), and Wn are defined heat pump condenser coil when operating at Case 1. For outdoor bin temperatures
following Equation 3–1. For each outdoor bin high capacity using, where Tok=1(Tj) is equal to or greater than TCC
temperature listed in Table 17, calculate the (the maximum supply temperature
( )
ER11OC05.150</MATH>
nominal temperature of the air leaving the ˙ k=2 T determined according to section 3.1.9),
Q
heat pump condenser coil when operating at
low capacity using, ( )
Tok = 2 Tj = 70 ºF +
hp
k =2
˙ da
m
j
⋅ C kp,=da2
⋅ determine Q̇hk=1(Tj) and Ėhk=1(Tj) as specified
in section 4.2.3 (i.e., Q̇hk=1(Tj) = Q̇hpk=1(Tj) and
Ėhk=1(Tj) = Ėhpk=1(Tj).
( )
˙ k=1 T
Q Evaluate eh(Tj)/N, RH(Tj)/N, Xk=1(Tj), and/
(T ) = 70 ºF + m˙ hp j Note: Even though Tok=1(Tj) ≥ TCC, resistive
Tok =1 j k =1 k =1 ⋅ or Xk=2(Tj), PLFj, and d′(Tj) or d″(Tj) as
specified in section 4.2.3.1. 4.2.3.2, 4.2.3.3, or heating may be required; evaluate RH(Tj)/N ER11OC05.149</MATH>
da ⋅ C p,da 4.2.3.4, whichever applies, for each for all bins.
Repeat the above calculations to determine temperature bin. To evaluate these quantities, Case 2. For outdoor bin temperatures
the mass flow rate (ṁdak=2) and the specific use the low-capacity space heating capacity where Tok=1(Tj) < TCC, determine Q̇hk=1(Tj)
heat of the indoor air (Cp,dak=2) when and the low-capacity electrical power from and Ėhk=1(Tj) using,
ER11OC05.148</MATH>
operating at high capacity by using the Case 1 or Case 2, whichever applies; use the
Q̇hk=1(Tj) = Q̇hpk=1(Tj) + Q̇CCk=1(Tj)
results of the H12 Test. For each outdoor bin high-capacity space heating capacity and the
temperature listed in Table 17, calculate the high-capacity electrical power from Case 3 or Ėhk=1(Tj) = Ėhpk=1(Tj) + ĖCCk=1(Tj)
nominal temperature of the air leaving the Case 4, whichever applies. where,
ER11OC05.147</MATH>
ER11OC05.146</MATH>
Q CC ( )
˙ k =1 T = m
j
k =1
˙ da [
⋅ C kp,=da1 ⋅ TCC − Tok =1 T j ( )]
( )
˙ k =1 T
Q
k =1
E˙ CC ( )
Tj =
CC j
Btu
.
3.413
W ⋅ h
Note: Even though Tok=1(Tj) ≥ Tcc, TCC, determine Q̇hk=2(Tj) and Ėhk=2(Tj) as may be required; evaluate RH(Tj)/N for all
additional resistive heating may be required; specified in section 4.2.3 (i.e., Q̇hk=2(Tj) = bins.
evaluate RH(Tj)/N for all bins. Q̇hpk=2(Tj) and Ėhk=2(Tj) = Ėhpk=2(Tj)). Note: Case 4. For outdoor bin temperatures
Case 3. For outdoor bin temperatures Even though Tok=2(Tj) < TCC, resistive heating where Tok=2(Tj) < TCC, determine Q̇hk=2(Tj)
where Tok=2(Tj) is equal to or greater than and Ėhk=2(Tj) using,
Q h ( )
˙ k =2 T = Q
j
˙ k =2 T + Q
hp j ( )
˙ k =2 T
CC j ( )
( )
E˙ hk = 2 T j = E˙ hp
k =2
( ) k =2
T j + E˙ CC Tj ( )
where,
Q CC ( )
˙ k =2 T = m
j
k =2
˙ da [
⋅ C kp,=da2 ⋅ TCC − Tok = 2 T j ( )]
˙ k =2 T
Q ( )
k =2
E˙ CC ( )
Tj =
CC j
Btu
.
3.413
W⋅ h
Note: Even though Tok=2(Tj) < Tcc, HSPF of a heat pump having a variable-speed 4.3.1 Calculation of actual regional
additional resistive heating may be required; compressor. [Reserved] annual performance factors (APFA) for a
evaluate RH(Tj)/N for all bins. 4.3 Calculations of the Actual and particular location and for each standardized
4.2.5.4 Heat pumps having a heat comfort Representative Regional Annual Performance design heating requirement.
controller: additional steps for calculating the Factors for Heat Pumps.
˙ k (95) + HLH ⋅ DHR ⋅ C

CLH A ⋅ Q
APFA = c A
˙ k (95) HLH ⋅ DHR ⋅ C
CLH A ⋅ Q c
+ A
SEER HSPF
ER11OC05.158</MATH>
where, that includes the particular location of CLHR = the representative cooling hours for
CLHA = the actual cooling hours for a interest (see Figure 2), Btu/W·h. The each generalized climatic region, Table
particular location as determined using HSPF should correspond to the actual 19, hr.
the map given in Figure 3, hr.
ER11OC05.157</MATH>
design heating requirement (DHR), if HLHR = the representative heating hours for
Q̇ck(95) = the space cooling capacity of the known. If it does not, it may correspond each generalized climatic region, Table
unit as determined from the A or A2 to one of the standardized design heating 19, hr.
Test, whichever applies, Btu/h. requirements referenced in section 4.2. HSPF = the heating seasonal performance
HLHA = the actual heating hours for a
4.3.2 Calculation of representative factor calculated as specified in section
particular location as determined using
ER11OC05.156</MATH>
regional annual performance factors (APFR) 4.2 for the each generalized climatic
the map given in Figure 2, hr.
DHR = the design heating requirement used for each generalized climatic region and for region and for each standardized design
in determining the HSPF; refer to section each standardized design heating heating requirement within each region,
4.2 and Definition 1.22, Btu/h. requirement. Btu/W.h.
C = defined in section 4.2 following Equation The SEER, Q̇ck(95), DHR, and C are the
4.2–2, dimensionless. ˙ k (95) + HLH ⋅ DHR ⋅ C
CLH R ⋅ Q
ER11OC05.155</MATH>
same quantities as defined in section 4.3.1.

SEER = the seasonal energy efficiency ratio APFR = c R
˙ k (95) HLH ⋅ DHR ⋅ C Figure 2 shows the generalized climatic
calculated as specified in section 4.1, CLH R ⋅ Q c
+ R
regions. Table 18 lists standardized design
Btu/W·h. SEER HSPF heating requirements.
HSPF = the heating seasonal performance where,
factor calculated as specified in section
ER11OC05.154</MATH>
4.2 for the generalized climatic region
TABLE 19.—REPRESENTATIVE COOL- TABLE 19.—REPRESENTATIVE COOL- 4.4. Rounding of SEER, HSPF, and APF
ING AND HEATING LOAD HOURS FOR ING AND HEATING LOAD HOURS FOR for reporting purposes. After calculating
SEER according to section 4.1, round it off as
EACH GENERALIZED CLIMATIC RE- EACH GENERALIZED CLIMATIC RE-
specified in subpart B 430.23(m)(3)(i) of Title
GION GION—Continued
10 of the Code of Federal Regulations. Round
section 4.2 HSPF values and section 4.3 APF
Region CLHR HLHR Region CLHR HLHR
values as per § 430.23(m)(3)(ii) and (iii) of
IV .............................. 800 2250 Title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations.
I ................................. 2400 750
II ................................ 1800 1250 V ............................... 400 2750
III ............................... 1200 1750 VI .............................. 200 2750
ER11OC05.172</GPH>
■ 6. Section 430.32 of subpart C is § 430.32 Energy conservation standards based on Region IV, the minimum
amended by revising the section and effective dates. standardized design heating
heading and adding introductory text to * * * * * requirement, and the sampling plan
paragraph (c) to read as follows: (c) Central air conditioners and heat stated in § 430.24(m).
pumps. The energy conservation * * * * *
standards defined in terms of the [FR Doc. 05–15601 Filed 10–7–05; 8:45 am]
heating seasonal performance factor are BILLING CODE 6450–01–U
ER11OC05.173</GPH>

Rule: Consumer Products Energy Conservation Program: Residential Central Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps Test Procedures

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Tuesday,

October 11, 2005

10 CFR Part 430

B. Definitions 2. Section 2.2.5 Additional Refrigerant The Department considered deleting

Up Thru 28,800 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 0.10

Cooling Minimum Fan Speed

E v Test Fan Speed

conditions. 3.1.4.4.2 Ducted heat pumps where the

H1 or H12 Test Fan Speed

Heating Minimum Fan Speed

H2 V Test Fan Speed

H1N Test Fan Speed

A Test—required (steady, wet coil) .......................... 80 67 95 1 75 Cooling certified 2

A2 Test—required (steady, wet coil) ......................... 80 67 95 1 75 Cooling certified 2

A2 Test—required (steady, wet coil) ..................................... 80 67 95 1 75 High Cooling Certified 2

Maximum speed − Minimum speed

A2 Test—required (steady, wet coil) ........................... 80 67 95 1 75 Maximum Cooling Certified 2

Leaving temperature ................................................................................................. 3 1.0

Leaving temperature ................................................................................................. 4 1.0

External resistance to airflow, inches of water ................................................................ 0.05 6 0.02

Electrical voltage, % of rdg. ............................................................................................. 2.0 1.5

Air entering indoor unit Air entering outdoor unit

H1 Test (required, steady) ................................................ 70 60(max) 47 43 Heating Certified 1

H1C Test (optional, cyclic) ................................................ 70 60(max) 47 43 (2)

pressure as measured during the H1 Test.

H12 Test (required, steady) ................................................. 70 60(max) ...... 47 43 Heating Certified.1

Maximum speed − Minimum speed

pressure as measured during the H01 Test.

Indoor dry-bulb, °F:

Outdoor wet-bulb, °F:

External resistance to airflow, inches of water ............................................................................................................................ 0.05 4 0.02

Electrical voltage, % of rdg .......................................................................................................................................................... 2.0 1.5

c. For non-ducted heat pumps, subtract the

or automatically initiated immediately prior manually or automatically initiated. In all

Indoor entering dry-bulb temperature, °F ................................................................................................ 2.0 5 4.0 0.5

Tal(t) = dry bulb temperature of the air

the space cooling capacity of the test unit at

˙ k = 2 (82) + Q c (95) − Q c (82) ⋅ T − 82

N temperature Tj to the total number of hours

BL(Tj), for each temperature bin. to the lower of:

TABLE 16.—DISTRIBUTION OF FRACTIONAL HOURS WITHIN COOLING SEASON TEMPERATURE BINS

1 ............................................................................................................. 65–69 67 0.214

˙ k =1 (67) + Q c (82) − Q c (67) ⋅ T − 67

4.1.4.1), operate at an intermediate speed

A = EER k = 2 (T2 ) − B ⋅ T2 − C ⋅ T22

TABLE 17.—GENERALIZED CLIMATIC REGION INFORMATION

Region Number ........................................................................................ I II III IV V VI

j Tj (°F) ............................................................................................. Fractional Bin Hours, nj/N

1 62 .................................................................................................. .291 .215 .153 .132 .106 .113

3 52 .................................................................................................. .194 .163 .138 .103 .086 .215

TABLE 17.—GENERALIZED CLIMATIC REGION INFORMATION—Continued

Evaluate the building heating load using

RH Tj( ) = BL(T ) − [X(T ) ⋅ Q˙ (T ) ⋅ δ(T )] ⋅ n

compressor and a variable-speed, variable- N N

where, RH Tj( ) When evaluating the above equation for

RH(T ) BL(T ) − [Q (T ) ⋅ δ' ' (T )] ⋅ n

when operating at outdoor temperature Tj

Q ˙ k =1 (62) − Q ˙ k =1 ( 47) ˙ k = 2 (35) − Q

where, the building heating load at temperature Tj,

where, compressor speed, provides a space Determine T3 by equating Equations

= Ėhp(Tj)). Note: Even though To(Tj) ≥ Tcc,

˙ k (95) + HLH ⋅ DHR ⋅ C

same quantities as defined in section 4.3.1.